{"id":12918,"date":"2018-11-16T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/nature-physics-%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%ef%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e5%8a%9b%e6%9d%a5%e8%87%aa%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f\/"},"modified":"2018-12-03T17:10:11","modified_gmt":"2018-12-03T09:10:11","slug":"nature-physics-%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%ef%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e5%8a%9b%e6%9d%a5%e8%87%aa%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=12918","title":{"rendered":"Nature Physics \u524d\u6cbf\uff1a\u5f15\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u5417\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u8d5b\u5148\u751f\u3001Nature Physics<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u7941\u6653\u4eae<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u81ea\u4ece\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u63d0\u51fa\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ddf\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f15\u529b\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u662f1997\u5e74Juan Maldacena\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span>AdS\/CFT\u5bf9\u5076<\/strong><\/span>[8]\uff0c\u53c8\u540d<\/span>\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076<\/span><\/strong>\u3002AdS\u4ee3\u8868\u53cd\u5fb7\u897f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08Anti de Sitter space\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8d1f\u66f2\u7387\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800cCFT\u4ee3\u8868\u5171\u5f62\u573a\u8bba\uff08conformal field theory\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n

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(b) \u533a\u57dfA\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u6781\u5c0f\u66f2\u9762\u03b3A\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u3002\u7531A\u5411\u4f53\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u5f62\u53d8\u76f4\u5230\u9762\u79ef\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u03b3A\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u5728\u6709\u9ed1\u6d1e\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6781\u5c0f\u66f2\u9762\u03b3A\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728\u9ed1\u6d1e\u89c6\u754c\u548c\u8fb9\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e73\u884c\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\u5e76\u4e14\u9762\u79ef\u6b63\u6bd4\u4e8eA\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5076\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u5bf9\u5076\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u6709\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u57282006\u5e74\uff0c\u7b20\u771f\u751f\uff08Shinsei Ryu\uff09\u548c\u9ad8\u67f3\u5321\uff08Tadashi Takayanagi\uff09[11]\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57dfA\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5076\u4e8e\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f2\u9762\u03b3A\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f2\u9762\u662f\u8ddfA\u5177\u6709\u540c\u6837\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u66f2\u9762\u4e2d\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u5982\u56fe1b\u548c1c\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u8ddf\u66f2\u9762\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ddf\u9ed1\u6d1e\u71b5\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1aS=|\u03b3A|\/4G\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aRT\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f2\u9762\u03b3A\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aRT\u66f2\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u51e0\u4f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5171\u5f62\u573a\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u6001\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u53cd\u5fb7\u897f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cRT\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u589e\u957f\u6bd4A\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u8981\u6162\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f2\u9762\u8d8a\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u4f53\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9762\u79ef\u5143\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u9650\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u6d1e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cRT\u66f2\u9762\u5c31\u88ab\u5939\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u9ed1\u6d1e\u7684\u89c6\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e73\u884c\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u5c31\u6b63\u6bd4\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\u533a\u57dfA\u7684\u4f53\u79ef<\/span>\u3002\u6e29\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u9ed1\u6d1e\u8d8a\u5927\uff0cRT\u66f2\u9762\u5c31\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u71b5\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u543b\u5408\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

RT\u516c\u5f0f\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f[12,13]\u6697\u793a\u7740\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u662f\u5efa\u9020\u65f6\u7a7a\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u6750\u6599[14,15]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u6ee1\u8db3\u5168\u606f\u539f\u7406\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u627e\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u6027\u8d28\u6ee1\u8db3RT\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3RT\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57dfA\u8ddf\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57dfB\u548cC\u7684\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5927\u4e8eAB\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u548cAC\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u4e4b\u548c[16]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08mutual information\uff09\u6765\u91cf\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5e76\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n

\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u6765\u81ea\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u7684\u5b9a\u57df\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6001\u90fd\u552f\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\u91cf\u5b50\u573a\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f53\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6ex\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u5c40\u9650\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u79bb\u8fb9\u754c\u5f88\u8fdc\uff08\u56fe2a\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u643a\u5e26\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u64cd\u7eb5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6001\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fd9\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u6001\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u81ea\u65cb\u7684z\u65b9\u5411\u5206\u91cf\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u7406\u8bba\u91cc\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f53\u6001\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8ddf\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u5b9a\u57df\u6027\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f53\u6001\u7406\u8bba\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a\u5149\u901f\uff0c\u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6765\u5373\u65f6\u64cd\u63a7\u548c\u8fb9\u754c\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 2. \u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u4e0e\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u64cd\u63a7\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279 \u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9x\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u4e0d\u80fd\u9a6c\u4e0a\u88ab\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982A\uff09\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u64ad\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u533a\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982B\uff09\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u7eb5\u5b83\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u7801\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4e94\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e2d\u8bfb\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u57282014\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cAhmed Almheiri\uff0c\u8463\u5e0c\u548cDaniel Harlow (ADH)[17]\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6096\u8bba\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u4e2d\u628a\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u7ffb\u8f6c\u4e00\u4e2ax\u70b9\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u53eb\u505a<\/span>\u5c40\u90e8\u91cd\u6784<\/span><\/strong>\uff08local reconstruction\uff09<\/span>[18,19]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\uff0cADH\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u5373\u65f6\u64cd\u63a7\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u64cd\u63a7\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe2a\u4e2d\u7684B\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u64cd\u63a7\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe2a\u4e2d\u7684A\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u64cd\u7eb5\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u81ea\u65cb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u80fd\u64cd\u7eb5\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u64cd\u7eb5\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u201c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u201d\u79bb\u5f97\u5f88\u8fdc\u3002<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u57df\u6027\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650\u2014\u2014\u5149\u901f\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u6210\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u64cd\u63a7\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8005<\/span>\u3002\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u6b63\u597d\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8005\uff01\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0cADH\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5c31\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7684<\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u7801\uff08quantum error correction code\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u548c\u7ecf\u5178\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7ea0\u9519\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684<\/span>\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u51fa\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u628a\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5b50\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5728\u521a\u624d\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u4f53\u6001\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001|\u2191\u27e9,|\u2193\u27e9\u88ab\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6001\u662f\u5bf9\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff08encoding\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u573a\u8bba\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u770b\u5230\u6216\u8005\u5f71\u54cd\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9000\u76f8\u5e72\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u6389\u4f53\u6001\u81ea\u65cb\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f53\u6001\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5b9a\u57df\u6027\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u91cf\u5b50\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6027\u8d28\u8ddfRT\u516c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684[20]\u3002\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u8bf4\uff0cRT\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n

\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u57df\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

RT\u516c\u5f0f\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u53ea\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u91cf\u5b50\u591a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u666e\u904d\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u7d20\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u548c\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u592a\u96be\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5148\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u589e\u8fdb\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

2009\u5e74Brian Swingle\u63d0\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u7c7b\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/strong>\uff08tensor network\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u9610\u91ca\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u548cRT\u516c\u5f0f[21]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f3a\u5173\u8054\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u591a\u4f53\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76[22-24]\u3002Swingle\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u662fGuifre Vidal\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span>\u201c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ea0\u7f20\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08Multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz, MERA\uff09<\/span>[24]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6784\u9020\u591a\u4f53\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5f20\u91cf\u201d\u662f\u7531\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5c11\u4f53\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u628a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ea0\u7f20\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c11\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u7c98\u5408\u201d\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u6784\u5efa\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f88\u50cf\u628a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8054\u7ed3\u6210\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u5c01\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6211\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4f20\u5230\u6536\u4fe1\u4eba\u7684\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e2d\u7ee7\u3002\u5728\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u901a\u8fc7\u91cf\u5b50\u6d4b\u91cf\u88ab\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7ad9\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5982\u56fe3\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f20\u91cf\u53ea\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5f20\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u591a\u4f53\u7ea0\u7f20\u7ed3\u6784[25]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 3 \u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u548c\u4f53\u6001\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) \u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u5f0f\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5236\u5907\u6bcf\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0a\u7684EPR\u7ea0\u7f20\u5bf9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8d77\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u201d\u8282\u70b9S1,S2\u4e0a\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea0\u7f20\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4f59\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279ABCD\u7684\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) \u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57dfA\u548cB\u5177\u6709\u540c\u6837\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u71b5\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e24\u4e2aEPR\u5bf9\u628aA\u8ddf\u56fe\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cA\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(c) \u4f53\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u201c\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u5230\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u8ddf\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u548cRT\u516c\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u7ed3\u6784\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f20\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a5\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u6001\u3002\u533a\u57dfA\u548c\u533a\u57dfB\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u4f46\u662fA\u6bd4B\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684<\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u5bf9\uff08Einstein-Poldolsky-Rosen pair\uff09<\/span>\u5a92\u4ecb\u4e86A\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u71b5\u90fd\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u8054\u7ed3\u5b83\u548c\u5176\u4f59\u533a\u57df\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u5bf9\u7684\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u4e58\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ea0\u7f20\u5bf9\u7684\u6700\u5927\u71b5log\u2061D\u3002\u8fd9\u91ccD\u662f\u7ea0\u7f20\u5bf9\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u71b5\u90fd\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51e0\u4f55\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86RT\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u7c7b\u6ee1\u8db3RT\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b50\u7801\uff08stabilizer code\uff09<\/span>[26,27]\u548c<\/span>\u9ad8\u7ef4\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>[28]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7c97\u7565\u5730\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6001\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u5e0c\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u6001\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684[29]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6240\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fRT\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u71b5\u3002\u5728\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u5bf9\u5f20\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fae\u6270\u3002\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4f53\u6001\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u5185\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63cf\u8ff0\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u548c\u6781\u5c0f\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u53cd\u5fb7\u897f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u9002\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6697\u793a\u7740\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5f15\u529b\u65f6[30-32]\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u673a\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u6001\u6bd5\u7adf\u53ea\u662f\u73a9\u5177\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u523b\u753b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f15\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5f20\u91cf\u7684\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u3002\uff08\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5f20\u91cf\u7f51\u7edc\u8ddf\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u91cf\uff08Regge calculus\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u8054\u7cfb[33]\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n

\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u6df7\u6c8c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65f6\u7a7a\u51e0\u4f55\u523b\u753b\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65f6\u7a7a\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5f15\u529b\u573a\u65b9\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u4ece\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u5171\u5f62\u573a\u8bba\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u6001\u4e0a\u8003\u8651\u4f4e\u80fd\u6fc0\u53d1\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0cVan Raamsdonk\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u5168\u606f\u5bf9\u5076\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u5316\u7684\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u65b9\u7a0b[34,35]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a8\u5bfc\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u56fe4\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cRT\u516c\u5f0f\u628a\u51e0\u4f55\u548c\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5171\u5f62\u573a\u8bba\u7684\u5171\u5f62\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u628a\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u51e0\u4f55\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8054\u7cfb\u6b63\u597d\u7ed9\u51fa\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u5316\u7684\uff09\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8fdc\u79bb\u771f\u7a7a\u6001\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4f55\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u63a8\u5bfc\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u65b9\u7a0b\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 4. \u7ea0\u7f20\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u52a8\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002RT\u516c\u5f0f\u628a\u51e0\u4f55\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5171\u5f62\u573a\u8bba\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u628a\u57fa\u6001\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u71b5\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u52a8\u91cf\u6da8\u843d\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u52a8\u91cf\u548c\u51e0\u4f55\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5219\u662f\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u63a8\u5bfc\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u4f53\u6001\u7684\u5f15\u529b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u7740\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u4e8e\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f53\u6001\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u6d1e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u8003\u8651\u56fe5\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50a\u548cb\u5728\u9ed1\u6d1e\u7684\u89c6\u754c\u9644\u8fd1\u53d1\u751f\u6563\u5c04\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7c92\u5b50b\u671d\u8fb9\u754c\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u800ca\u671d\u5411\u9ed1\u6d1e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9b\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5230\u8fbe\u8fb9\u754c\uff0cb\u5728\u89c6\u754c\u9644\u8fd1\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u7c92\u5b50b\u79bb\u89c6\u754c\u8d8a\u8fd1\uff0c\u5b83\u8ddfa\u6563\u5c04\u65f6\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u6563\u5c04\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u5f3a\u70c8\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u5728\u6563\u5c04\u4e4b\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u665a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740a\u548cb\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u5bf9\u6613\u5b50\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\u7684\u901f\u73872\u03c0T\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u6e29\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u8d28\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u7c92\u5b50\u7b97\u7b26\u4f1a\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u591a\u4f53\u7b97\u7b26[36]\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ddf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5355\u7c92\u5b50\u7b97\u7b26\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bf9\u6613\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u6613\u5b50\u7684\u589e\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u975e\u65f6\u5e8f\u5173\u8054\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u523b\u753b[36-38]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6587\u732e[39]\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u589e\u957f\u901f\u73872\u03c0T\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5feb\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span>\u8ddf\u5f15\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5076\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u573a\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u591a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff08\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff09\u662f\u591a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6df7\u6c8c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 5. \u9ed1\u6d1e\u89c6\u754c\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u6563\u5c04\u3002\u6563\u5c04\u632f\u5e45\u968f\u7740b\u5230\u8fbe\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\u4e5f\u8ddf\u524d\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u9519\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u6389\u5230\u9ed1\u6d1e\u89c6\u754c\u9644\u8fd1\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96be\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\u63a2\u6d4b\u5230\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u5b83\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n