{"id":13508,"date":"2018-12-09T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-12-08T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/c82b5d73fd\/"},"modified":"2018-12-10T09:52:34","modified_gmt":"2018-12-10T01:52:34","slug":"c82b5d73fd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=13508","title":{"rendered":"\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6765\u6e90 | \u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\n

\n
\n

\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u63a8\u9001\u4e86<\/span>\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684<\/span>\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span>\uff08\u70b9\u51fb\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5373\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\u3002<\/span>\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong>\uff08\u6301\u7eed\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u64b0\u5199\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8d21\u732e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u94fe\u63a5\u62a5\u540d\u54e6\u3002<\/span>\u70b9\u51fb\u300c\u7f16\u8f91\u300d\uff0c\u505a\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u300c\u4fdd\u5b58\u300d\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u4e16\u754c\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Milgram\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4e24\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u770b\u5f85\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u7b49\u4ef7\u89c6\u89d2\u662f\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7fa4\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\u3002Milgram<\/span>\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u4f55\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6570\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/h2>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u5bc4\u9001\u5305\u88f9<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

1.\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cMilgram<\/span>\u5c06\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5185\u5e03\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u5965\u9a6c\u54c8\u548c\u582a\u8428\u65af\u5dde\u7684\u5a01\u5947\u6258\uff0c\u5c06\u7ec8\u70b9\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u4e86\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u7684\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u53d6\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u8fd8\u662f\u5730\u7406\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0a\u90fd\u76f8\u8ddd\u751a\u8fdc\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u90ae\u4ef6\u5305\u88f9\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u201c\u968f\u673a\u201d\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5965\u9a6c\u54c8\u548c\u5a01\u5947\u6258\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90ae\u4ef6\u5305\u88f9\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6807\u660e\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u548c\u6240\u8981\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e76\u9644\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u8ba9\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u767b\u8bb0\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u82b1\u540d\u518c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc4\u56de\u5230\u54c8\u4f5b\u7684\u5546\u7528\u56de\u90ae\u4fe1\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u88ab\u8be2\u95ee\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4fe1\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e0e\u67d0\u4eba\u79c1\u4e0b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u540d\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u5f97\u4e0a\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7ebf\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff08Stanley Milgram\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

4.\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4ed6\u7684\u4eb2\u670b\u597d\u53cb\u4e2d\u8c01\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5728\u82b1\u540d\u518c\u4e0a\u7b7e\u4e0b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e00\u5f20\u660e\u4fe1\u7247\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bc4\u56de\u54c8\u4f5b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

5.\u5047\u5982\u5f53\u5305\u88f9\u6700\u7ec8\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e86\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u82b1\u540d\u518c\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5305\u88f9\u65e0\u6cd5\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5bc4\u56de\u7684\u660e\u4fe1\u7247\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u6807\u8bc6\u51fa\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u65ad\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4fe1\u4ef6\u5c31\u9646\u7eed\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c31\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6765\u81ea\u88ab\u8c03\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7684\u660e\u4fe1\u7247\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u4e00\u5230\u4e24\u4eba\u5c31\u9001\u8fbe\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7531\u591a\u81f3\u4e5d\u5230\u5341\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6761\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c296\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6709232\u5c01\u4fe1\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u62b5\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u768464\u5c01\u4fe1\u6700\u7ec8\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u843d\u57285.5\u6216\u80056\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u4eba\u5e73\u5747\u4e3a\u516d\u4eba\u3002<\/strong>\u5c3d\u7ba1Milgram<\/span>\u672c\u4eba\u4ece\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u201c\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c160\u5c01\u4fe1\u88ab\u5bc4\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d24\u5c01\u5bc4\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u7684\u5bb6\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8fd924\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u670916\u5c01\u662f\u7531\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88abMilgram<\/span>\u79f0\u547c\u4e3a\u201cMr. Jacobs\u201d\u7684\u670d\u88c5\u5546\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62b5\u8fbe\u4ed6\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u534a\u6570\u7684\u4fe1\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u660e\u4fe1\u7247\u5b9a\u91cf\u68c0\u6d4b\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u5305\u88f9\u5728\u5730\u7406\u90bb\u63a5\u8f83\u8fd1\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u62b5\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ed5\u7740\u76ee\u6807\u8fd1\u4e4e\u968f\u673a\u5730\u6d41\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5708\u5b50\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4f4d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u65f6\u5f3a\u70c8\u5730\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u6279\u8bc4<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e73\u5747\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4Milgram<\/span>\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6216\u957f\u6216\u77ed\u3002\u56db\u7c7b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6982\u62ec\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

1.Judith Kleinfeld\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53c2\u8bd5\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u62db\u52df\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cMilgram\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u65e0\u5e94\u7b54\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u8d77\u59cb\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d6\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u544a\u62db\u52df\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5e7f\u544a\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u8981\u62db\u52df\u7684\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u9000\u51fa\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5047\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u65e0\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u5c31\u4f1a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff08under-represented\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cMilgram\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u51e0\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u63d0\u8bae\u7528\u4e8e\u7ea0\u6b63\u504f\u5dee\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e78\u5b58\u8005\u5206\u6790\uff08survival analysis\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u88ab\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u964d\u4f4e\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u79bb\u5ea6\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u504f\u5dee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/p>\n

2.Milgram<\/span>\u6240\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u719f\u4eba\u4e2d\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e2d\u8c01\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u76ee\u6807\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eMilgram\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u56fe\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u7528\u8fdc\u79bb\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6cbf\u7740\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\uff08shortest path\uff09<\/strong>\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8def\u957f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u77e5\u5168\u80fd\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u89c4\u5212\u5668\uff08omniscient path-planner\uff09\uff0c<\/strong>\u62e5\u6709\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u56fe\u8c31\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4ec5\u8fdb\u884c\u5c40\u57df\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8d2a\u5a6a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08greedy algorithm\uff09<\/strong>\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u8981\u77ed\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u5f02\u8d28\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\uff08heterogeneous social networks\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ecd\u65e7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u672a\u679c\uff0c\u57281998\u5e74Duncan Watts\u548cSteven Strogatz\u5728Nature\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002Mark Buchanan\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u5c55\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u98ce\u66b4\u3002\u201d(Nexus, p60, 2002)\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1Watts\u7684\u4e66\uff1aSix Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

4.\u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982Sentinelese\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e0e\u4e16\u9694\u7edd\u7684\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u88ab\u5916\u754c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u5730\u533a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u201c\u8ddd\u79bb\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u65cf\u7fa4\u3001\u6216\u8005\u793e\u4f1a\u65b9\u9762\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u800c\u663e\u5f97\u8131\u8282\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u9694\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u662f\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bef\u5dee\u5e76\u4e0d\u663e\u8457\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u662f\u9887\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u5c06\u793e\u4ea4\u76f8\u5173\u5ea6\uff08social relevance\uff09<\/strong>\u89c6\u4f5c\u95f4\u63a5\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u63a8\u5bfc\u6027\u7684\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5173\u6ce8\u5728\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08diffusion processes\uff09<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u5728\u9610\u91ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff08\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e8eMilgram<\/span>\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d77\u59cb\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7269\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u67d0\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8005\u6765\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0a\u76ee\u6807\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u6e20\u9053\u88ab\u771f\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd9\u7c7b\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u624b\u6bb5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/wiki.swarma.net\/index.php\/%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u5b5f\u5a55<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u7236\u9093\u80af\u00b7\u74e6\u8328\u7ecf\u5178\u56de\u987e<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u504f\u597d\u4f9d\u9644\u673a\u5236\u3001\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u89e3\u8bfb\u5e42\u5f8b\u4e0e\u65e0\u6807\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc | \u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u5165\u95e8<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u65e0\u6807\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u7236Barab\u00e1si\u56de\u5e94\u8d28\u7591<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u7406\u8bba\u5371\u673a | \u65e0\u6807\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u906d\u5230\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u8d28\u7591<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u300c\u7f16\u8f91\u300d\uff0c\u505a\u4e9b\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u300c\u4fdd\u5b58\u300d\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u4e16\u754c\uff01<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/div>\n

PC\u7aef:<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/campus.swarma.org\/gcou=10388<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u25c6<\/span>\u25c6<\/span>\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n

\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u539f\u6587\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08 \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8 \uff09\uff1a\u96c6\u667a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u63a8\u9001\u4e86\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\uff08\u70b9\u51fb\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\uff09\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5373\u516d\u5ea6\u5206\u9694\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u6301\u7eed\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\uff09\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u64b0\u5199\u7ffb\u8bd1\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u8bcd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13508"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13508"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13508\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13508"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=13508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}