{"id":13820,"date":"2018-12-20T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-12-19T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/swarma.org\/bbabb6f513\/"},"modified":"2018-12-24T11:07:16","modified_gmt":"2018-12-24T03:07:16","slug":"bbabb6f513","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=13820","title":{"rendered":"\u59cb\u7956\u9e1f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u98de\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u957f\u7fbd\u6bdb\uff1f\u770b\u4f3c\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u201c\u9002\u5e94\u201d\u624d\u662f\u8fdb\u5316\u52a8\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u7fbd\u6bdb\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff08exaptation\uff09\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u7956\u5148\u4e0d\u4f1a\u98de\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7fbd\u6bdb\u3002\u7fbd\u6bdb\u540e\u6765\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u9e1f\u7c7b\u98de\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002|  <\/span><\/em>ScientificAmerican.com<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ec4
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\u6765\u6e90\uff1aQuantamazine<\/span><\/p>\n

\u539f\u9898\uff1a<\/span>Evolution as Opportunist<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u88ab\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u8fc7\u7684\u5bbf\u4e3b\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u75be\u75c5\u5a92\u4ecb\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u7269\u8d28\uff1b\u4ee3\u8c22\u9176\u901a\u8fc7\u773c\u775b\u7684\u6676\u72b6\u4f53\u6298\u5c04\u5149\u7ebf\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u9885\u9aa8\u95f4\u9699\uff0c\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4ea7\u9053\uff1b\u66f4\u5178\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5728\u767b\u4e0a\u5929\u7a7a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7fbd\u6bdb\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5316\u77f3\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5316\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981<\/span>\u5f81\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u6027\u72b6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u53c8\u8868\u660e\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u6240\u6709\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u5e7c\u5d3d\u7684\u5934\u9aa8\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u7f1d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u9885\u9aa8\u95f4\u9699\uff0c\u8f7b\u677e\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea7\u9053\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9885\u9aa8\u95f4\u9699\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u51fa\u751f | Julie<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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1982\u5e74\uff0cStephen Jay Gould\u548c Elisabeth Vrba\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u300e\u62d3\u5c55<\/span><\/strong>\u9002\u5e94\uff08exaptation\uff09\u300f<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9002\u5e94\uff08adaptation\uff09<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u9002\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f53\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u5219\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b0\u7528\u9014\u5f81\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u6027\u72b6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9646\u5730\u52a8\u7269\u7528\u80a2\u4f53\u884c\u8d70\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u80a2\u4f53\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u6392\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a7\u6c34\u800c\u5f62\u6210\uff1b\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u9aa8\u9abc\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u808c\u8089\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5219\u662f\u9002\u5e94\u3002<\/span>
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\u81ea\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e00\u76f4\u9971\u53d7\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d<\/span>\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u533a\u5206<\/span>\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span>\u9002\u5e94\u6240\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span>\u5f81\u7528\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4ecd\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7fbd\u6bdb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u9886\u57df\u4e2d<\/span>\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u65e5\u76ca\u589e<\/span>\u591a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5e38\u8bc6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u91cf\u5316\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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Nature\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u9996\u6b21\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u8bc6\u522b\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u9996\u6b21\u91cf\u5316\u4e86\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

A latent capacity for evolutionary innovation through exaptation in metabolic systems<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12301<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u82cf\u9ece\u4e16\u5927\u5b66\u7684Andreas Wagner\u548cAditya Barve\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5efa\u6a21\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u6e90\uff08fuel\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u8017\u4ece\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u98df\u7269\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n


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\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u82cf\u9ece\u4e16\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6 Andreas Wagner \u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u6f5c\u529b | Andreas Wagner<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u5206\u5b50\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6 Joe Thornton \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u5728\u751f\u7269\u91cd\u8981\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86Gould\u548cVrba\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n


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\u8bc6\u522b\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u9700\u8981\u56de\u987e\u8fdb\u5316\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u70b9\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6027\u72b6\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u8fdb\u5316\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0cWagner \u548c Barve \u8f6c\u6362\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u56de\u907f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\uff0c\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff08reaction\uff09\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u6765\u5206\u89e3\u98df\u7269\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u751f\u5b58\u548c\u6210\u957f\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u5de5\u9009\u62e9\u8ba9\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u78b3\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u817a\u82f7\u548c\u4e59\u9178\u76d0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u78b3\u6e90\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n


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\u5efa\u6a21\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ea\u5206\u89e3\u8fc7\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u78b3\u6e90\u3002\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u8fb9\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u78b3\u6e90 | \u7531Aditya Barve\u4f7f\u7528Gephi\u5236\u4f5c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e7f\u5ea6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\uff0c\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\uff0cBarve\u548cWagner\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7ec6\u83cc\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u76841,397-\u53cd\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5df2\u77e5\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u63a8\u6f14\u8fdb\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u7814\u7a76\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u3001\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u4e0d\u8bba\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\u5fc5\u987b\u59cb\u7ec8\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u529f\u80fd\u5931\u8c03\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n


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Barve\u548cWagner\u5236\u9020\u4e86500\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u4ea4\u6362\u4e865,000\u6b21\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u4ee3\u8c22\u9664\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u4e4b\u5916\u768449\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u78b3\u6e90\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c96\uff05\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u78b3\u6e90\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5c06\u8fd15\u4e2a\u78b3\u6e90\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u56feb\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\uff08\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\uff09\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u591a\u79cd\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff08\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u78b3\u6e90\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002Wagner\u548cBarve\u91cd\u590d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed649\u79cd\u78b3\u6e90\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u968f\u673a\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u78b3\u6e90\u4e0a\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fea\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u78b3\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u63a5\u8fd1\uff08metabolic proximity\uff09\u201d\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e0b\u56feb\u3001c\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4ee3\u8c22\u8ddd\u79bb\uff08mean metabolic distance\uff09\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u53d7\u56feb\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8c22\u8def\u5f84\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u65b0\u78b3\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6ca1\u6709\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8be5\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fed\u3002Wagner\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4ee3\u8c22\u63a5\u8fd1\u662f\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6ca1\u610f\u601d\u4e86\u3002\u62d3\u5c55<\/span>\u9002\u5e94\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span>\u201d<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4f3c\u4e4e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/span>\uff1b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002Wagner\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u8574\u542b\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u4e4b\u5916<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u773c\u775b\u7684\u6676\u72b6\u4f53\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u6676\u4f53\u86cb\u767d\uff08crystallins\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6298\u5c04\u5149\u7ebf\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u805a\u7126\u5728\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u4e0a\u3002\u6676\u4f53\u86cb\u767d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u501f\u6765\u7684\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u7acb\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Joram Piatigorsky\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u810f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u03b1B-\u6676\u4f53\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5176\u4ed6\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u514d\u4e8e\u8fc7\u5927\u538b\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6676\u4f53\u86cb\u767d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50ac\u5316\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u773c\u775b\u7684\u6676\u72b6\u4f53\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u6676\u4f53\u86cb\u767d\uff08crystallins\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6298\u5c04\u5149\u7ebf\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u805a\u7126\u5728\u89c6\u7f51\u819c<\/span><\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002| midtownvision<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Barve\u548cWagner\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cThornton\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u6fc0\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u53d7\u4f53\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u9501\u548c\u94a5\u5319\u4e00\u6837\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f81\u7528\u914d\u5bf9\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u6fc0\u7d20\u53d7\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

31\u5e74\u524d\uff0cGould\u548cVrba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8f6c\u5ea7\u5b50\u201d\uff08transposons\uff09\uff0c\u8d77\u521d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span>\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8f6c\u5ea7\u5b50\u5728\u598a\u5a20\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0cAndreas Wagner\u7684\u524d\u535a\u58eb\u5bfc\u5e08G\u00fcnter Wagner\u6559\u6388\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8f6c\u5ea7\u5b50\u6765\u81ea\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u529f\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u626d\u8f6c\u5929\u5e73\uff1a\u9002\u5e94vs\u6269\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u65b0\u6027\u72b6\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u548c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\u3002<\/span>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u9760\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u5e73\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5c06\u8fd15\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u78b3\u6e90\u3002Barve\u548cWagner\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u53cd\u601d\u5bf9\u6709\u76ca\u6027\u72b6\u8d77\u6e90<\/span><\/strong>\uff08origins of beneficial traits\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u9ece\u4e16\u5927\u5b66\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6 <\/span>Aditya Barve<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u65b0\u7ec6\u83cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u78b3\u6e90\u7ef4\u751f\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f1a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6027\u72b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u79cd\u78b3\u6e90\u7ef4\u751f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5168\u5bf9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u884d\u751f\u6027\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Wagner\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u666e\u904d\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u5f88\u96be\u533a\u5206\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6027\u72b6\u548c\u975e\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6027\u72b6\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u9002<\/strong><\/span>\u5e94\u4e0e\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u975e\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6027\u72b6\u6216\u9002\u5e94\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u6027\u72b6\u3002Gould\u548cVrba\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u590d\u6742\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u9002\u5e94\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684<\/span>\uff0cGould\u548cVrba\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u675c\u4f26\u5927\u5b66\uff08Durham University\uff09\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6Greger Larson\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u201d\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u9002\u5e94\u201d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u9010\u5e74\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8005\u7f3a\u4e4f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5212\u5206\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u53bb\u9009\u62e9\u538b\u529b\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u8d28\u5177\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u9e1f\u7c7b\u548c\u8759\u8760\u7684\u7fc5\u8180\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u624b\u81c2\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u80fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u81ea\u7136\u5386\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6Mark Norell\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53cd\u9a73\u8bf4\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5fae\u5999\u3002Thornton\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u6307\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u5927\u5b66\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6  Joe Thornton <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Thornton\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u4f7f\u9176\u80fd\u591f\u53bb\u9664\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u519c\u836f\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u89e3\u6bd2\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8c03\u8282\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6fc0\u7d20\u88ab\u5f81\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u7d20\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u5316\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

Barve\u548cWagner\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7edd\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u907f\u771f\u5b9e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4f1a\u6709\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5305\u88b1\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94<\/span>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u96be\uff0cWagner\u8868\u793a\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u4ecd\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n


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\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u6768\u6e05\u6021<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5ba1\u6821\uff1a\u674e\u5468\u56ed<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u738b\u6021\u853a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/evolutionary-modeling-study-provides-new-evidence-for-exaptation-20130904<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201c\u8d85\u7ea7\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u201d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u5316\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>
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\u8fdb\u5316\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\uff1a\u91cd\u590d\u535a\u5f08\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u5316\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>
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\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u8fdb\u5316<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>
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\u6709\u5173\u8fdb\u5316\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u771f\u76f8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>
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\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


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2018\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u5e74\u4f1a\u62a5\u540d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u56fe\u7247\u4e86\u89e3\u5e74\u4f1a\u8be6\u60c5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

2018\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff08Swarma Club\uff09\u5c06\u8054\u5408\u591a\u5bb6\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4e3e\u529e\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u665a\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u672c\u5c4a\u665a\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f<\/span>\u201c\u5947\u70b9\u4e34\u8fd1\u201d\uff08The Singularity is Near\uff09<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684Party\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9082\u9005\u6b63\u5728\u601d\u7d22\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u201c\u9752\u6912\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5076\u9047\u6b63\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u98a0\u8986\u5f0f\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u521b\u4e1a\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u6295\u8d44\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u91d1\u4e3b\u649e\u4e2a\u6ee1\u6000\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u67d0\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u5927\u5496\u4f83\u4f83\u800c\u8c08\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u60a8\u5fd7\u540c\u9053\u5408\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8de8\u754c\u3002<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

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\"\u96c6\u667a\"
<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
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\n
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\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org
<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n

\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff09\uff1a\u96c6\u667a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7fbd\u6bdb\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff08exaptation\uff09\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u7956\u5148\u4e0d\u4f1a\u98de\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5316\u77f3\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7fbd\u6bdb\u3002\u7fbd\u6bdb\u540e\u6765\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u9e1f\u7c7b\u98de\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002|  ScientificAmerican.com \u5bfc\u8bed \u4e00\u9879\u8ba1\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4ee3\u8c22\u7f51\u7edc\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff08exaptation\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13821,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13820"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13820"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13820\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13821"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13820"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=13820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}