{"id":16402,"date":"2019-07-10T17:51:04","date_gmt":"2019-07-10T09:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=16402"},"modified":"2020-01-03T11:15:36","modified_gmt":"2020-01-03T03:15:36","slug":"bf6849165b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=16402","title":{"rendered":"\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff1a\u4e00\u573a\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u9769\u547d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8d70\u5411\u5931\u8d25\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"bpp-post-content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><img class=\"rich_pages\" style=\"width: 540px; height: 311px;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma2-1562752215.jpeg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"ql-long-584660\"><\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"\" style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\n<section><strong>\u5bfc\u8bed<\/strong><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p class=\"ql-long-i1736413769\">\u5907\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5174\u8d77\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u4ea4\u53c9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u5b66\u79d1\u2014\u2014\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u5374\u6e10\u6e10\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8fd1\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u5728Nature human behaviour\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u751a\u81f3\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5f88\u96be\u518d\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u5b66\u79d1\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u68b3\u7406\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e00\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u6536\u655b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-i1736413769\">\n<p class=\"ql-long-i1736413769\">\u672c\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u6e90\u4e8e\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u524d\u6cbf\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u4e94\u6708\u5e95\u300aNature human behaviour\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u5177\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\uff08Director of the Embodied Cognition Laboratory\uff09Rafael N\u00fa\u00f1ez \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u51e0\u540d\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u8be5\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\uff08Cognitive Science\uff09\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ece\u56db\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u6559\u7814\u6307\u6807\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u79d1\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u5ba3\u79f0\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u9769\u547d\u300d\u8d77\uff0c\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7ec8\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u719f\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aWhat happened to cognitive science?<\/p>\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-019-0626-2<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u5173\u4e8e\u5fc3\u667a\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u548c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u9769\u547d\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u8131\u80ce\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5e76\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b66\u79d1\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u300d\u6240\u793a\uff1a\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma7-1562752216.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"698\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u7eb2\u9886\u4e3a\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5373\u8ba1\u7b97\u300d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5fc3\u7406\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5f81\u548c\u5bf9\u8868\u5f81\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4ece1977\u5e74\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u548c1979\u5e74\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u300b\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u768440\u5e74\u91cc\u2014\u2014 Rafael N\u00fa\u00f1ez \u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u53d1\u73b0\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u6700\u521d\u52a8\u529b\u3001\u5173\u6ce8\u7126\u70b9\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u300aWhat happened to cognitive science?\u300b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cRafael N\u00fa\u00f1ez \u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u5b66\u79d1\u5f15\u7528\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u6559\u7814\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u5317\u7f8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6784\u6210\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u79d1\u72b6\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6027\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u51cf\u5c11<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u5b66\u79d1\u4ece\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u5f15\u7528\u73af\u5883\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab(\u8ba4\u77e5)\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6240\u6db5\u76d6\uff0c\u5747\u536060%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u8be5\u6742\u5fd7\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ec5\u5360\u603b\u96b6\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u76841%\u548c3%\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ece1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u52301990\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u8fd8\u5904\u5728\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5efa\u8bbe\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ece 2000\u8d77\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\u6240\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"text-align: center;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma10-1562752216.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"410\" height=\"auto\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff0863.1%\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6765\u81ea\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u536010%\u5de6\u53f3\uff09<\/span><\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma3-1562752217.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"410\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff0865.7 %\u8bba\u6587\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u53ea\u6709\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u8d85\u8fc710%\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u6559\u7814\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u5bf9\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e88\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u660e\u663e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5171\u8bc6<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ece\u6559\u80b2\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u5317\u7f8e\u5f53\u524d\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f4d\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6784\u6210\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u6388\u4e88\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u9662\u6821\u5728\u5b66\u9662\u5bf9\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u5b66\u79d1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u7531\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u7cfb\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u5c11\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fc5\u4fee\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9662\u7cfb\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u548c\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e88\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7adf\u7136<strong>\u6709\u4e03\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u9009\u4fee\u4e00\u95e8\u660e\u786e\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u672a\u6765\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma7-1562752217.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"410\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff08\u63a5\u8fd150%\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u6765\u81ea\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u536010%\u5de6\u53f3\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<div class=\"post-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma1-1562752217.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"410\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff0860.3%\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u79d1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6765\u81ea\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u54f2\u5b66\u5360 20%\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u536010%\u5de6\u53f3\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u677e\u6563\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u800c\u5982\u4eca\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u79f0\u53f7\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7f57\u4e07\u8c61\u7684\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong>\uff0c\u8d34\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4ee4\u4eba\u773c\u82b1\u7f2d\u4e71\u3001\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u53d6\u5411\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u8005\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7a76\u7adf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u542b\u4e49\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u518d\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u79d1\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u7126\u70b9\u6216\u7406\u8bba\u53d6\u5411\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u300c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f4\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5230\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6b63\u5982\u5fb7\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u827e\u5bbe\u6d69\u65af\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5374\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u79d1\u4e00\u6837\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\uff08\u300a\u6590\u5fb7\u82e5\u7bc7\u300b\u8f66\u592b\u4e0e\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u300c\u4e24\u67b6\u9a6c\u8f66\u300d\uff09\u548c\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff08\u300a\u8bba\u7075\u9b42\u300b\u690d\u7269\u7075\u9b42\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u7075\u9b42\u3001\u7406\u6027\u7075\u9b42\uff09\u5747\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u8fc7\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u4ece\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u4e8c\u5206\u8d77\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u6709\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300c\u767d\u677f\u8bba\u300d\u3001\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u300c\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7eb9\u8def\u8bf4\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4f11\u8c1f\u548c\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff0c\u90fd\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u601d\u8fa8<\/strong>\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u7a76\u5373\u5178\u578b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6f5c\u4f0f\u671f\u6216<strong>\u54f2\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/strong>\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u51af\u7279\uff08Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt\uff09\u4e8e1879\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5ba3\u544a<strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/strong>\u7684\u521b\u7acb\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u51af\u7279\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u95f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u4e8c\u8005\u7684<strong>\u5185\u7701\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6cd5<\/strong>\u5373\u8bad\u7ec3\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u5185\u7701\u62a5\u544a\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4eea\u5668\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma9-1562752218.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"440\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u63a5\u7740\u51af\u7279\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u82f1\u7c4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u94c1\u94a6\u7eb3\uff08Edward Bradford Titchener\uff09\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6784\u9020\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u3002\u94c1\u94a6\u7eb3\u5bf9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0e\u51af\u7279\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8005\u7684\u4ece\u5c5e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5219\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8005\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u51af\u7279\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c06\u5fc3\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u611f\u89c9\u3001\u610f\u5411\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7b49\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u66f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7701\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u7b49\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5fc3\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u57281890\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u672c\u571f\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001\u88ab\u6210\u4e3a\u300c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u7684\u300d\u7684\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\uff08William James\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u300a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86<strong>\u673a\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6784\u9020\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bf8\u591a\u7ec4\u6210\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6f14\u5316\u8bba\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5c06<strong>\u610f\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u4f53<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u5728<strong>\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e92\u52a8<\/strong>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0e\u673a\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u5174\u76db\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8bc1\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e25\u8c28\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5efa\u6784\u548c\u96be\u4ee5\u8bc1\u4f2a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9610\u91ca\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u540e\u7eed\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6cd5\u56fd\u62c9\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u8131\u79bb\u79d1\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e86\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5916\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\u6d41\u6d3e\u76f8\u7ee7\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u76f4\u5230\u673a\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u5fc3\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u610f\u8bc6\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u57281913\u5e74\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8f6c\u6298\u3002<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u767b\u573a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u534e\u751f\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u9707\u52a8\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u51af\u7279\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4ed6\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u53d7\u63a7\u884c\u4e3a\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9e\u7684\u3001\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7d20\u6750\u53ea\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1b\u53cd\u5bf9\u628a\u601d\u7ef4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u601d\u7ef4\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff1b\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u5f52\u4e8e\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u523a\u6fc0\u5c31\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u73af\u5883\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u628a\u4eba\u540c\u52a8\u7269\u4e00\u6837\u89c6\u4e3a\u63a5\u53d7\u523a\u6fc0\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9<strong>\u673a\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u5f3a\u8c03\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u7684\u4ea7\u7269<\/strong>\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u534e\u751f\u300c\u7ed9\u6211\u4e00\u6253\u5065\u5168\u7684\u5a74\u513f\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8ba9\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u300d\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u3001\u5df4\u666e\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u72d7\u3001\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3\u7bb1\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f71\u54cd\u5c31\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 11pt; text-align: center;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma4-1562752218.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"691\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ece\u6b64\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8db3\u8db3\u5784\u65ad\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u76f4\u5230<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/strong>\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d6\u4ee3\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u50ac\u751f\u4e86<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66<\/strong>\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u8bde\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5148\u5929\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u6b64\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8fd9\u6b21<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u9769\u547d<\/strong>\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9006\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u662f\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff1a\u5206\u522b\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e54\u59c6\u65af\u57fa\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7c73\u52d2\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u591a\u9762\u624b\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u897f\u8499\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e54\u59c6\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u77db\u5934\u5bf9\u51c6\u7684\u662f\u7d22\u7eea\u5c14\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6253\u54cd\u4e86\u5bf9\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u77e5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u67aa\u3002\u4ed6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u88ab\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u8bc6\u51fa\u53d1\u8fdb\u884c\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c31\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5373\u5b69\u5b50\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u591a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bf4\u51fa\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u542c\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma9-1562752218-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"224\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e54\u59c6\u65af\u57fa\u6240\u601d\u8003\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e2d\u8bed\u8a00\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6f14\u7ece\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u5373\u523a\u6fc0\u8d2b\u4e4f\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6781\u5176\u8d2b\u4e4f\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u6781\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e60\u5f97\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5dee<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u8a00\u90a3\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u4e2d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u673a\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u7c7b\u5a74\u513f\u80fd\u8fc5\u901f\u4e60\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7A\u00b7\u7c73\u52d2\uff08George Armitage Miller\uff09\u4e8e 1956 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u795e\u5947\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff1a7\u00b12\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5de5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5b58\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u5927\u7ea6 5~7 \u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u533a\u5757\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u6216\u56fe\u5f62\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e8c\u6b21\u5206\u5757\u5904\u7406\u3002\uff08\u540e\u6765\u88abCowan (2001)\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3a5\u00b11\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc1\u660e\u4e8c\u8005\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4eba\u8111\u5b58\u5728\u5148\u5929\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 11pt; text-align: center;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma0-1562752219.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"595\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u897f\u8499\u548c\u7ebd\u5384\u5c14\uff0c\u4ece\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e<strong>\u7269\u7406\u7b26\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5047\u8bbe<\/strong>\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86<strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5de5\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ec4\u5757\u3001\u77ed\u65f6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u957f\u65f6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002\u897f\u8499\u548c\u7ebd\u5384\u5c14\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u63d0\u5021\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u7406\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u300c\u903b\u8f91\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u300d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<div class=\"post-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 11pt; width: 283px; height: 425px;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma5-1562752219.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"496\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u897f\u8499\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f46\u76f4\u52301967\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 U.Neisser \u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u8bde\u751f\u5219\u66f4\u665a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e0c\u91d1\u65af\uff08R. L. Higgins\uff09\u4e8e 1973 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u5230 1979 \u5e74\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ee5\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u8457\u540d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u8865\u5145\u8fd8\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\uff1f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5177\u8eab\u751f\u6210\u8fdb\u8def<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p><span class=\"ql-author-584660\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma5-1562752219-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"734\" height=\"auto\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8428\u4f3d\u5fb3\uff08P. Thagard\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u601d\u7ef4\u6700\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5fc3\u667a\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8428\u4f3d\u5fb7\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\u79f0\u4f5c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u8868\u5f81\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08computa tional- representational understanding of mind, CRUM\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u8868\u8c61\u3001\u8303\u4f8b\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5176\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6f14\u7ece\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u5339\u914d\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u6062\u590d\u662f\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u5047\u8bbe\u5fc3\u667a\u5177\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u5c31\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u601d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002CRUM \u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u6c42\u89e3\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7b49\u5fc3\u667a\u73b0\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u4e5f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u601d\u7ef4\u5173\u952e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u5982\u610f\u8bc6\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u73af\u5883\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u8fd0\u4f5c\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3001\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u524d\u63d0\u5047\u8bbe\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u60c5\u7eea\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u60c5\u7eea\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u610f\u8bc6\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8eab\u4f53\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5ffd\u89c6\u8eab\u4f53\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e16\u754c\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u73af\u5883\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u601d\u7ef4\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5e76\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u53bb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u5fc3\u667a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6570\u5b66\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u5728\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u5bf9\u6700\u521d\u7684CRUM\u5047\u8bbe\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u653e\u5f03\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08connectionism\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e3b\u4e49)\uff0c\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u884c\u5f0f\u8fde\u7eed\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ece\u6781\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u60c5\u5883\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08situated cognition\uff09\u5047\u8bbe\u8ba4\u77e5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e16\u9694\u7edd\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0e\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u8bed\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08distributed cognition\uff09\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e3b\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff08\u6db2\u6001\u5927\u8111\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5177\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08embodied cognition\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u77e5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8eab\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u6700\u601d\u7ef4\u8868\u5f81\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u751f\u6210\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08enactive cognition\uff09\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u5bf9\u7406\u89e3\u8ba4\u77e5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u5bf9\u601d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5411\u8fdb\u8def\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08connectionism\uff09\u3001\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u53d6\u5411\uff08enactive-embodied\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u5b83\u8bf8\u591a\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u539f\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5426\u5b9a\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u601d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bf9\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u8fdb\u8def\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u770b\u505a\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u65b9\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff08\u5982\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u601d\u60f3\uff09\u662f\u5927\u8111\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\uff09<strong>\u5e8f\u53c2\u91cf<\/strong>\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e8f\u53c2\u91cf\u662f\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7b56\u7565\u7531\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\uff09\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5373\u5177\u4f53\u7cbe\u795e\u72b6\u6001\u7ec6\u80de\u56e2 = \u76f8\u53d8\u4e2d\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff08\u4e0d\u52a8\u70b9\u3001\u5468\u671f\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u3001\u51c6\u5468\u671f\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u6216\u6df7\u6c8c\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ql-author-584660\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma3-1562752220.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"1008\" height=\"auto\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u8fdb\u8def\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u5982 Willow Garage PR2\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684PR2\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u6a21\u7cca\u51b3\u7b56\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u7a0b\u5c31\u80fd\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u73a9\u4e50\u9ad8\u73a9\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca ICUB \u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"post-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 11pt; text-align: center;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma0-1562752220.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"812\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u867d\u7136\u5f80\u5f80\u4ecd\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u5047\u8bbe\u5982\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u300c\u8ba4\u77e5\u300d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u88ab\u79f0\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5df2\u5931\u53bb\u6838\u5fc3\u7eb2\u9886<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u524d\u79d1\u5b66\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5929\u542f\u3001\u5185\u7701\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u51e0\u5927\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u5e76\u975e\u6765\u81ea\u53ef\u9760\u4e14\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u77e5\u8bc6\u6743\u5a01\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\u77e5\u8bc6\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u5907\uff1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u76f4\u89c9\u3001\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6f14\u7ece\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">16\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5236\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u8fdb\u884c\u5929\u6587\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ce8\u91cd\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u6570\u5b66\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684<strong>\u903b\u8f91\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\u6240\u63d0\u70bc\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7b26\u5408<strong>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7ecf\u9a8c\u547d\u9898\u6765\u81ea\u73b0\u5b9e\u771f\u5b9e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5373\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u903b\u8f91\u547d\u9898\u81ea\u8eab\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e3b\u8bcd\u548c\u8c13\u8bcd\u5206\u6790\u83b7\u8bc1\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u62d2\u65a5\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u7b49\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u300c\u903b\u8f91+\u5b9e\u8bc1\u300d\u786e\u8bc1\u539f\u5219\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<div class=\"post-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" style=\"font-size: 11pt; width: 363px; height: 427px;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma3-1562752221.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"250\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/div>\n<p class=\"ql-long-584660\" style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7136\u800c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u539f\u5219\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u8fd9\u70b918\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f11\u8c1f\u5b9e\u9645\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4ef6\u603b\u662f\u4f34\u968f\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u53d1\u751f\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u8bc1\u5b9e\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u73b0\u5b9e\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u8bc1\u636e\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7f57\u7d20\u7684\u706b\u9e21\uff0c\u5bf9\u5730\u9707\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1f\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u666e\u5c14\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u5bf9\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684<strong>\u8bc1\u4f2a<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7c7b\u300c<strong>\u5224\u51b3\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong>\u300d\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5f00\u59cb\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u800c\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<strong>\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f9d\u5fb7\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u8bc1\u5b9e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc9\u8bf8\u8bc1\u4f2a\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u603b\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6b63\u4f8b\u3001\u53cd\u4f8b\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u6027\u6b32\u6216\u604b\u7236\u60c5\u7ed3\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ql-author-584660\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma7-1562752221.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"1200\" height=\"auto\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7531\u6b64\u6ce2\u666e\u5c14\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5373\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u8bc1\u4f2a\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u8bc1\u4f2a\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u89e3\u91ca\u529b\u518d\u5f3a\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6307\u5bfc\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u7384\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6ce2\u666e\u5c14\u7684\u8bc1\u4f2a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u771f\u7406\u89c2\uff1a<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u672a\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u7684\u5047\u8bf4<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8bc1\u4f2a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u53ef\u9519\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u624d\u662f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u771f\u5bf9\u5f85\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u8bc1\u4f2a\u524d\u4eba\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fea\u6602\u548c\u594e\u56e0\uff08Queen\uff09\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<strong>\u8fea\u6602-\u7ebd\u62c9\u7279-\u594e\u56e0\u8bba\u9898\uff08Duhem\u2013Quine thesis\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u5224\u51b3\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\uff0c\u603b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u8c03\u6574\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u6c38\u4e0d\u88ab\u300c\u53cd\u9a73\u300d\u3002\u594e\u56e0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9002\u5408\u8bc1\u4f2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u547d\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u547d\u9898\uff08\u5982<strong>\u6240\u6709<\/strong>\u5929\u9e45\u90fd\u662f\u767d\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u53d1\u73b0\u9ed1\u5929\u9e45\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u5355\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u8bc1\u4f2a\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u603b\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u8f85\u52a9\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7406\u8bba\u6c38\u8fdc\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff08\u5982\u5730\u5fc3\u8bf4\u9762\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fc3\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5982\u672c\u8f6e\u3001\u5747\u8f6e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4f9d\u7136\u6b63\u786e\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u4efb\u4e00\u7ec4\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u65e0\u7a77\u591a\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u540c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u8005\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u7acb\u573a\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u6301\u6709\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u8865\u4e01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u5584\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7406\u8bba\u7b26\u5408\u65b0\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7406\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\uff0c<strong>\u8bc1\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6c49\u68ee\uff08Norwood Russell Hanson\uff09\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6e17\u900f\u7406\u8bba\u300d<\/strong>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6839\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u300c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u300d\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5148\u9a8c\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u8303\u7574\u5316\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u300a\u6211\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u548c\u5cb3\u6bcd\u300b\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u4e2d\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u59bb\u5b50\u8fd8\u662f\u8001\u5987\u4eba\u5c31\u56e0\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u800c\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u300c\u5973\u4eba\u3001\u706b\u3001\u5371\u9669\u4e8b\u7269\u300d\u5f53\u6210\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u4e11\u5c0f\u9e2d\u5b9a\u7406\u300d\u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u4eba\u8111\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"ql-author-584660\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma2-1562752222.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"799\" height=\"auto\" \/> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u975e\u79d1\u5b66\u8fd8\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u8865\u4e01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u88ab\u8bc1\u4f2a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8981\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u80cc\u540e\u5177\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u5e93\u6069\uff08Thomas Kuhn\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300c<strong>\u8303\u5f0f<\/strong>\u300d\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u5148\u9a8c\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u5373\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u300c\u8303\u5f0f\u300d\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u771f\u5b9e\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8303\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u5373\u300c<strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d<\/strong>\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\u521a\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0b\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8bc1\u4f2a\u3002\u5f53\u6709\u8fdd\u53cd\u73b0\u6709\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u539f\u6709\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5c0f\u4fee\u5c0f\u8865\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b9e\u5728\u8865\u5f97\u592a\u591a\u4e0d\u582a\u91cd\u8d1f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u518d\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u98a0\u8986\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u5bf9\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u98a0\u8986\u5373\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u5e93\u6069\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u4e0d\u65ad\u901a\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u771f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4e48\uff1f\u5308\u7259\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u62c9\u5361\u6258\u65af\uff08Imre Lakatos\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8bc1\u4f2a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u4e2a\u522b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u300c\u5224\u51b3\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e93\u6069\u63d0\u51fa\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u8bdd\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u6027\u6982\u62ec\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7ec6\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u7684<strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5171\u5b58\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u786c\u6838\uff08hard core\uff09\uff1a\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u300d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f<strong>\u4e0d\u53d7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u548c\u547d\u9898\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u529b\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u662f\u9884\u8bbe<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u906d\u5230\u53cd\u9a73\u548c\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u300d\u5c31\u4f1a\u906d\u5230\u52a8\u6447\u6216\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e26\uff08protective belt\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u300c\u8f85\u52a9\u5047\u8bbe\u300d\u6240\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u4fdd\u62a4\u786c\u6838\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e26\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u4fee\u6539\u53ef\u6d88\u9664\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53cd\u9762\u542f\u793a\u6cd5\uff08negative heuristic\uff09\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u7981\u6b62\u6027\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u628a\u5916\u90e8\u6279\u5224\u7684\u77db\u5934\u6307\u5411\u786c\u6838\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u667a\u6167\u53bb\u578b\u5851\u786c\u6838\u6216\u53d1\u660e\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f85\u52a9\u5047\u8bbe\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e26\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6b63\u9762\u542f\u793a\u6cd5\uff08positive heuristic\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u6574\u4e2a\u7eb2\u9886\u3002\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9884\u5148\u60f3\u597d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u65b9\u9488\u548c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u5c55\u51fa\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b9e\u5728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma5-1562752222.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"433\" height=\"auto\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u957f\u671f\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u4f2a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7eb2\u9886\u4e4b\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u5373<strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0e\u9000\u5316\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u4fc3\u4f7f\u53d1\u73b0\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u9884\u6d4b\u529b\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u8bb2\u5b8c\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7b80\u53f2\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u518d\u770b\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886\u6765\u5206\u6790<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u521d\u7684 CRUM \u5047\u8bbe\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u786c\u6838\u4e3a\u300c\u5fc3\u667a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5fc3\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u300d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5374\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u8fdb\u8def\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cCRUM \u4f5c\u4e3a\u786c\u6838\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e26\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u300c\u8f85\u52a9\u5047\u8bbe\u300d\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5f81\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3001\u5bf9\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5f81\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6df7\u6c8c\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u6574\u5374\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u57fa\u4e8eCRUM \u5047\u8bbe\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66<strong>\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong>\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5177\u8eab-\u751f\u6210\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7531\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u51fa\uff0c<strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9000\u6b65\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u62c9\u5361\u6258\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9000\u6b65\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7eb2\u9886\u5e76\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f1a\u8bc1\u4f2a\uff0c\u4f1a\u548c\u65b0\u7eb2\u9886\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u6765\uff08\u5982\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u540e\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3b\u4e49\u518d\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65b0\u7eb2\u9886\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u529b\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u529b\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u7eb2\u9886\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u88ab\u6682\u4e14\u51b7\u843d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff08\u5982\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\u6210\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4f4e\u901f\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7ed3\u5408\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u770b\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u9000\u6b65\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u73af\u5883\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5df2\u5f88\u96be\u518d\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6309\u7167\u300aWhat happened to cognitive science?\u300b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u9769\u547d\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u800c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u540e\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u5fc3\u7406\u6d41\u6d3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 11pt; color: #494949;\">\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u5341\u4e09\u7ef4<\/section>\n<section>\u7f16\u8f91 : \u5f20\u723d<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"mpa-template\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<section class=\"\">\n<p style=\"clear: both; min-height: 1em;\">\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"post-image\"><img class=\"mpa-template\" style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5px; height: auto !important; width: 64px !important;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma7-1562752222.gif\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" width=\"100%\" \/><\/div>\n<p style=\"clear: both; min-height: 1em;\">\n<section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 25.6px;\">\n<section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em; font-size: 15px;\">\n<section><strong>\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org<\/strong><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 0.5em; margin-left: 0.5em;\">\n<h1 style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><strong>\u25c6\u25c6\u25c6<\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<section><img class=\"mpa-template\" style=\"height: auto !important; width: 156px !important;\" title=\"\u96c6\u667a\" src=\"https:\/\/swarma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swarma5-1562752223.jpg\" alt=\"\u96c6\u667a\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"clear: both; min-height: 1em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;\">\n<blockquote class=\"keep-source\"><p>\u539f\u6587\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?timestamp=1562752213&amp;src=3&amp;ver=1&amp;signature=wlL*jjwpiUtQTro5NtcXJyrwvsiMHThJ98dxETzqPUenjszma4jY9RNs2CR83b3crTj9SbudZsrJz1CgAQsKhNDfvUyQXgJBaHlnvDLqJpLebasqQpunzs1GZIM4aJxMBVtlTHXVsPspZDWZgagf1-NzxA-dla3ouVkNICUCqso=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u96c6\u667a<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bed \u5907\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5174\u8d77\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u4ea4\u53c9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u5b66\u79d1\u2014\u2014\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u5374\u6e10\u6e10\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8fd1\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u5728Nature human behaviour\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u751a\u81f3\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5f88\u96be\u518d\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u5b66\u79d1\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u68b3\u7406\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16404,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16402"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16402"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16402\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16402"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=16402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}