{"id":17254,"date":"2019-10-15T21:22:37","date_gmt":"2019-10-16T09:50:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=17254"},"modified":"2019-10-16T17:50:14","modified_gmt":"2019-10-16T09:50:14","slug":"4c420c4dcf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=17254","title":{"rendered":"Science\u7ecf\u5178\u56de\u987e\uff1a\u8d2b\u7a77\u59a8\u788d\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd | \u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u6380\u8d77\u201c\u8d2b\u7a77\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u8ba8\u8bba"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
2019\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u51fa\u7089\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6 Abhijit Banerjee\uff0cEsther Duflo\u548cMichael Kremer \u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u4e3a\u51cf\u8f7b\u5168\u7403\u8d2b\u56f0\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u800c\u83b7\u5956\u3002\u5176\u4e2dBanerjee \u4e0e Duflo \u66fe\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u300b\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9020\u6210\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u5bf9\u201d\u8d2b\u7a77\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u95ee\u9898\u30022013\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e Science \u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8d2b\u7a77\u4f1a\u59a8\u788d\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u5341\u5206\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u5bf9\u8d22\u52a1\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u4f1a\u5927\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u524a\u51cf\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u800c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u548c\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6301\u7eed\u8d2b\u7a77\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u8bd1\u51fa\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d2b\u7a77\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/p>\n

\n
\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ec4<\/span><\/section>\n
\u6765\u6e90\uff1aScience<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
Anandi Mani,<\/span>Sendhil Mullainathan,<\/span>Edar Shafir,<\/span>Jiaying Zhao<\/span><\/section>\n
\u539f\u9898\uff1aPoverty Impedes Cognitive Function<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7a77\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5ef6\u7eed\u8d2b\u56f0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8d2b\u56f0\u76f4\u63a5\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u6325\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/span>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf1\u53d1\u88ab\u8bd5\u8d22\u52a1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7a77\u4eba\u4e2d\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5bcc\u4eba\u4e2d\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u7ecf\u5386\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u79cd\u690d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u540c\u4e00\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7d27\u5f20\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u6bd4\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u66f4\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5145\u88d5\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8425\u517b\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u538b\u529b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u786e\u5b9e\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u8d2b\u56f0\u672c\u8eab\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u8d2b\u56f0\u6709\u5173\u7684\u987e\u8651\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u5fc3\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7559\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6276\u8d2b\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

1.\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u8d2b\u7a77\u548c\u8d1f\u9762\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u7a77\u4eba\u66f4\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u9632\u6027\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065[1]\uff0c\u4e0d\u9075\u533b\u5631\u8fdb\u884c\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u78e8\u8e6d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u5373\u65f6\u8d74\u7ea6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5bb6\u957f\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u8d2b\u56f0\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u8d2b\u7a77\u548c\u8d1f\u9762\u884c\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2b\u56f0\u5730\u533a\u7684\u653e\u8d37\u673a\u6784\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u5229\u7387\u7684\u501f\u8d37\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u8fdf\u5230\u548c\u65f7\u5de5\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d2b\u56f0\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a77\u4eba\u8bd5\u9519\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u5c0f\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u5f3a\u8c03\u7a77\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5408\u540c\u6761\u6b3e\u4ea7\u751f\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5173\u6ce8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u517b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7a77\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u5e94\u4ed8\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7cbe\u6253\u7ec6\u7b97\u624d\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u6536\u652f\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u505a\u8d22\u52a1\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6563\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u7740\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

\n

\u5fc3\u7406\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u82e5\u8d22\u52a1\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u662f\u5f53\u52a1\u4e4b\u6025\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u51b3\u7b56\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u5236\u5458\u82e5\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u822a\u5411\uff0c\u90a3\u4ed6\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u5ffd\u7565\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u7a77\u4eba\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8d22\u52a1\u7684\u5fe7\u8651\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u5168\u76d8\u8003\u8651\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n
\u62d6\u540e\u817f\u7684\u7a77<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u8d2b\u56f0\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5bfc\u5bcc\u4eba\u548c\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u8bd5\u8003\u8651\u65e5\u5e38\u8d22\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u5bf9\u5bcc\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u56f0\u96be\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a77\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6563\u7cbe\u529b\u7684\u5fe7\u8651\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u65e8\u5728\u8868\u660e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u56f0\u6270\u5bf9\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u4eba\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u9762\u5bf9\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u6311\u6218\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u4eba\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5bcc\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u7a77\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u6539\u9020\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u7528\u9762\u4e34\u8bb8\u591a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u5b58\u5728\u6311\u6218\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u9879\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f70\u663e\u5176\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u6536\u5165\u81ea\u7136\u53d8\u5316\u4e0b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9e\u5730\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u51c6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u8003\u5bdf\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u7518\u8517\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u5b63\u8282\u83b7\u5f97\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6536\u5165\u5f88\u96be\u62b5\u5f97\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u82b1\u9500[20]\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u5468\u671f\u2014\u2014\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u8d2b\u7a77\u4ee5\u53ca\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u5bcc\u88d5\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u540c\u4e00\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u8d2b\u7a77\uff08\u6536\u83b7\u524d\uff09\u548c\u5bcc\u88d5\uff08\u6536\u83b7\u540e\uff09\u65f6\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6536\u83b7\u65e5\u671f\u5728\u519c\u6c11\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a7\u5236\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf1\u53d1\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u6761\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u987e\u8651\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u7ec6\u81f4\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u538b\u529b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u6536\u5165\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5185\u90e8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u5219\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u56de\u907f\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u6027\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u5fe7\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u589e\u52a0\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8d2b\u56f0\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e3b\u89c2\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5386\u77ed\u6682\u8d22\u52a1\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5931\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\u8d2b\u56f0\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u5927\u8111\u53d1\u80b2\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b[24]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u8d2b\u56f0\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8d22\u52a1\u9884\u7b97\u4f1a\u5373\u65f6\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u5927\u8111\u53d1\u80b2\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\u589e\u52a0\u5373\u65f6\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u62c5\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5426\u6709\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4ecd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

2.\u5173\u4e8e\u8d2b\u5bcc\u8ba4\u77e5\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u573a\u7684\u8d2d\u7269\u8005\u6709\u507f\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff08\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u8865\u5145\u6750\u6599\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5305\u542b\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u6536\u5165\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u7ea6\u4e3a70000\u7f8e\u91d1\uff0c\u800c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u4e0b\u9650\u5927\u6982\u572820000\u7f8e\u91d1\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f88\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u7a77\u4eba\u6536\u5165\u6c34\u5e73\u5927\u6982\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u6574\u4f53\u6536\u5165\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6700\u540e\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u6216\u8005\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u6536\u5165\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u9664\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6709\u6548\u6536\u5165[25]\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u6765\u5212\u5206\u201c\u5bcc\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7a77\u201d\u3002<\/h2>\n

\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u6bcf\u9694\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u4f1a\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u56db\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff08n=101\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u90fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u88ab\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u201c\u60a8\u7684\u8f66\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7f8e\u91d1\u624d\u80fd\u4fee\u597d\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u989d\u4ed8\u6b3e\uff0c\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u78b0\u78b0\u8fd0\u6c14\u6682\u65f6\u653e\u5f03\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1……\u60a8\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1f\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u89e6\u53ca\u91d1\u94b1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u5883\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u88ab\u8bd5\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u8d22\u52a1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u65e8\u5728\u5f15\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u521d\u671f\u7684\u6613\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5f53\u88ab\u8bd5\u770b\u8fc7\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u745e\u6587\u6e10\u8fdb\u77e9\u9635\uff08Raven’s Progressive Matrices\uff09\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5757\u5f62\u72b6\u662f\u7f3a\u5931\u7684[27]\u3002\u88ab\u8bd5\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u51e0\u4e2a\u66ff\u4ee3\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7f3a\u5931\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u3002\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u662f\u667a\u5546\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u201c\u6d41\u4f53\u667a\u529b\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5728\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n
<\/span>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u5e76\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8fdd\u80cc\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u521d\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5f53\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6309\u4e0b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6309\u952e\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u67d0\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u800c\u6309\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6309\u952e\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u5176\u4ed6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236[30]\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u7b26\u5408\u5185\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u80fd\u529b[31]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u8bfb\u5199\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5f53\u88ab\u8bd5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u5f55\u97f3\u673a\u7ed9\u51fa\u6700\u521d\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f6c\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff08\u8868S1\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u88ab\u8bd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u88ab\u8bd5\u4f1a\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8d22\u52a1\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c7d\u8f66\u9700\u89811500\u7f8e\u5143\u4fee\u7406\uff09; \u6216\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u201d\u60c5\u5883\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6c7d\u8f66\u9700\u8981150\u7f8e\u5143\u4fee\u7406\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u91d1\u989d\u603b\u6570\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u8ba1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u8fd8\u662f\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\u90fd\u4f1a\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u7b14\u6b3e\u9879\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u6765\u8bf4\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

<\/span>\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe1. \u5b9e\u9a8c1\u4e2d\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8bef\u5dee\u6761\u53cd\u6620\u00b11\u6807\u51c6\u8bef \u3002\u9876\u90e8\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u663e\u793a\u53cc\u5411\u4ea4\u4e92\uff08\u7a77\u4eba\u4e0e\u5bcc\u4eba\u00d7\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u7b80\u5355\uff09\u3002* P <0.05\uff0c** P <0.01\uff0c*** P <0.001\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u7ed8\u5236\u5728\u56fe1\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e8\u5728\u5f15\u53d1\u8f7b\u5fae\u8d22\u52a1\u62c5\u5fe7\u7684\u201c\u7b80\u5355\u201d\u60c5\u666f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c: t(50) =0.13, P = 0.90; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1: t(50) = 1.55, P =0.13]\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u5904\u4e8e\u8d22\u52a1\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c[t(47) =3.21, P< 0.01]\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e2d[t(47) =5.22, P< 0.001]\u8868\u73b0\u90fd\u660e\u663e\u5dee\u4e8e\u5bcc\u4eba\u3002\u53cc\u5411\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6536\u5165\u4e0e\u6240\u5904\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f3a\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c: F(1,97) = 5.12, P= 0.03; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1: F(1,97) = 7.86, P< 0.01]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u60c5\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/strong>[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c:t(48) = 0.56,P= .58; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1:t(48) = 1.04,P= 0.30]\uff0c\u800c\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u5dee<\/strong>[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(49)= 2.63\uff0cP= 0.01;\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(49)= 3.98\uff0cP<0.001]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u663e\u8457\u5730\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1aF(1,97) = 5.61\uff0cP= 0.02; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1aF(1,97) = 23.24\uff0cp<0.001]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u5f88\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u7ee7\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u6069\u7cfb\u6570d\uff08Cohen’s d\uff09\u57280.88-0.94\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u6392\u9664\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u7126\u8651\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c2\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u975e\u8d22\u52a1\u60c5\u666f\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u518d\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u8d22\u52a1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u60c5\u666f\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u4e0e\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff08\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u53ef\u5728\u8865\u5145\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c2\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u4e2d\u7a77\u4eba\u88ab\u8bd5\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7126\u8651\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

<\/span>\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe2.\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c3\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u6fc0\u52b1\u65f6\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8bef\u5dee\u6761\u53cd\u6620\u00b11\u6807\u51c6\u8bef \u3002\u9876\u90e8\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u663e\u793a\u53cc\u5411\u4ea4\u4e92\uff08\u7a77\u4eba\u4e0e\u5bcc\u4eba\u00d7\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u7b80\u5355\uff09\u3002* P <0.05\uff0c*** P <0.001\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c3\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u4e0e\u8d39\u7528\u5916\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u5728\u4e24\u9879\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u6bcf\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u90fd\u83b7\u5f970.25\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u56fe2\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c3\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\uff08n= 100\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u73b0[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(46)= 0.26\uff0cP = 0.79; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(46)= 1.02\uff0cP =0.31]\uff0c\u4f46\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u5dee[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(50)= 3.34\uff0cP<0.01;\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(50)= 3.54\uff0cP<0.001]\u3002\u5bcc\u4eba\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c: t(45) =0.07, P= 0.94; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1: t(45) = 1.42, P= 0.16]\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u663e\u8457\u66f4\u5dee[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(51) = 3.75\uff0cP<0.001;\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(51) = 3.67\uff0cP<0.001]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6536\u5165\u548c\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1aF(1,96)= 4.34\uff0cP= 0.04; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1aF(1,96) = 4.31\uff0cP= 0.04]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u5b9a\u7a77\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u6bd4\u5bcc\u4eba\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u94b1\uff0c\u4f46\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u5dee<\/span><\/strong>[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1aF(1,96)= 6.55\uff0cP= 0.01; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1aF(1,96)= 11.88\uff0cP <0.001]\uff0c\u8d5a\u7684\u94b1\u6bd4\u5bcc\u4eba\u5c1118%\uff080.71\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u573a\u666f\u65e8\u5728\u5f15\u53d1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u5fe7\u8651\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c1-3\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u88ab\u8bd5\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u60c5\u5883\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6392\u9664\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c4\uff08n= 96\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c1\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u88ab\u8bd5\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u8d22\u52a1\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u50cf\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u90a3\u6837\u67e5\u770b\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5bf9\u573a\u666f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5b8c\u6210\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u573a\u666f\u5448\u73b0\u548c\u88ab\u8bd5\u56de\u5e94\u671f\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e72\u9884\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u573a\u666f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u7b49\u540c\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u73b0\u6c47\u603b\u5728\u56fe3\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

<\/span>\"\u96c6\u667a\"\u56fe3.\u5b9e\u9a8c4\u4e2d\u7684\u7a77\u4eba\u548c\u5bcc\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u548c\u5bb9\u6613\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8bef\u5dee\u6761\u53cd\u6620\u00b11\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u8bef\u3002\u9876\u90e8\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u663e\u793a\u53cc\u5411\u4ea4\u4e92\uff08\u7a77\u4eba\u4e0e\u5bcc\u4eba\u00d7\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u7b80\u5355\uff09\u3002* P <0.05\uff0c** P <0.01\uff0c*** P <0.001\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c4\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c1\u548c3\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u548c\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1aF(1,92)= 4.04\uff0cP = 0.04; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1aF(1,92)= 6.66\uff0cP= 0.01]; \u5bcc\u4eba\u548c\u7a77\u4eba\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(48)= 0.41\uff0cP= 0.69; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(48)= 0.43\uff0cP= 0.67]\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u6bd4\u5bcc\u4eba\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u5dee[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1at(44)= 3.55\uff0cP <0.001; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1at(44)= 3.34\uff0cP= .002]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bcc\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u60c5\u5883\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c: t(47) = 0.08, P= 0.93; \u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1: t(47) = 0.72, P= 0.47]\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a77\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u663e\u8457[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c: t(45) = 3.26, P=0.002;\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1: t(59) = 3.94, P< 0.001]\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u6bd4\u5bcc\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u5dee[\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff1aF(1,92)= 6.42\uff0cP= 0.01;\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff1aF(1,92)= 8.74\uff0cP= 0.004]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u867d\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5f52\u56e0\u662f\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u4e00\u4e9b\u5916\u90e8\u6548\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u60c5\u666f\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\u4e4b\u540e\u2014\u2014\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u660e\u786e\u5173\u6ce8\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u6620\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5bcc\u6709\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5fe7\u8651\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u66f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u884c\u4e3a\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0e\u7a77\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u5408\u7406\u2014\u2014\u7a77\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9e\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

3.\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d2b\u5bcc\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u5fb7\u90a6Villupuram\u548cTiruvannamalai\u5730\u533a\u7518\u8517\u79cd\u690d\u533a\u768454\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u603b\u5171464\u4e2a\u7518\u8517\u79cd\u690d\u519c\u6237\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u519c\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6837\u672c\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5730\u57281.5\u81f33\u82f1\u4ea9\u4e4b\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6536\u5165\u81f3\u5c1160%\u662f\u4ece\u7518\u8517\u8d5a\u53d6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u57282010\u5e74\u76844\u4e2a\u6708\u671f\u95f4\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u548c\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u3002\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u5076\u5c14\u5b58\u5728\u65e0\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u524d\u540e\u6bd4\u8f83\u90fd\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u3002<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n

\u5728\u505a\u524d\u540e\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\uff0c\u6708\u4efd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u5982\u8282\u65e5\u6216\u5929\u6c14\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u865a\u5047\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u7cd6\u5382\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u80fd\u529b\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6536\u83b7\uff08\u548c\u79cd\u690d\uff09\u65e5\u671f\u57283\u52305\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u4ea4\u9519\u6392\u5217\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u6c11\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u516d\u6708\u4efd\u6536\u83b7\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5219\u5728\u516b\u6708\u4efd\u6536\u83b7\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4efd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u519c\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6536\u83b7\u524d\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u519c\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u63a7\u5236\u65e5\u5386\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n

\n

\n

\u88681.\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u8d22\u52a1\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\n
\u6b64\u8868\u683c\u5448\u73b0\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u72b6\u51b5\uff08A\u7ec4\uff09\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\uff08B\u7ec4\uff09\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e58\u56de\u5f52\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5217\u7684\u7b2c1\u884c\u663e\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8ddf\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u8c03\u67e5\u524d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u6bd4\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u8c03\u67e5\u524d\u768415\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u8d22\u4ea7\u62ff\u53bb\u5178\u5f53\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u51cf\u5c11\u4e8656.6%\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u6570\u4e5f\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6708\u4efd\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7b2c1\u5217\u62a5\u544a\u6574\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c;\u7b2c2\u5217\u62a5\u544a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u6536\u83b7\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6536\u5230\u6b3e\u9879\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u6837\u672c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u03b3\u7531\u5355\u72ec\u56de\u5f52\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\uff0cyit=\u03b1i+\u03b2t+\u03b3\u6536\u83b7\u540eit\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u6392\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u91cci\u8868\u793a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0ct\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cy\u8868\u793a\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cpostharvest\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u89c2\u5bdf\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u53d8\u91cfa\uff0cb\u5206\u522b\u53cd\u6620\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u56fa\u5b9a\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\uff08\u6708\uff09\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u662f\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bef\u3002*\u8868\u793a\u572810\uff05\u663e\u8457; **\u57285\uff05\u65f6\u663e\u8457; ***\u57281\uff05\u65f6\u663e\u8457\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf1=\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\uff0c0=\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0e\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u786e\u5b9e\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u538b\u529b\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5178\u5f53\u4e1c\u897f\uff0878%\u4e0e4\uff05\uff0cP<0.001\uff0cn = 462\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0899%\u4e0e13\uff05\uff0cP<0.001\uff0cn= 461\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u519c\u6c11\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u6bd4\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u5e73\u5747\u591a\u4e861.97\u6b21\u8d37\u6b3e\u3002\u5f53\u88ab\u95ee\u5230\u201c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u4e94\u5929\u91cc\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5e38\u8d26\u5355\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u201c\u662f\u201d\uff08\u5206\u522b\u4e3a1.62\u548c1.76\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a3\u5206\u5236\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1\u5206\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8d22\u52a1\u5e94\u5bf9\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c3\u5206\u662f\u6307\u8d22\u52a1\u5e94\u5bf9\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u9ad8; P <0.001\uff0cn = 462\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002\uff08\u88681\u4e2dA\u90e8\u5206\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6392\u9664\u519c\u6c11\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u6708\u4efd\u56fa\u5b9a\u6548\u5e94\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u6d41\u4f53\u667a\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u6d4b\u9a8c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edfStroop\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5199\u80fd\u529b\u4f4e\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u201c5 5 5\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\u201c3\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d5\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u201c5\u201d\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u6bcf\u4f4d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8675\u6b21\u6570\u5b57\u5316Stroop\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5982\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u5f97\u5206\u5e73\u5747\u7b54\u5bf95.45\u9879\uff0c\u4f46\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7b54\u5bf94.35\u9879\uff08P<0.001\uff0c n = 460\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002\u5728Stroop\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u519c\u6c11\u5e73\u5747\u82b1\u8d39131\u79d2\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u9898\u9879\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a146\u79d2\uff08P<.001\uff0cn= 452\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u4e4b\u524d\u5e73\u5747\u9519\u8bef\u6570\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6536\u83b7\u4e4b\u540e\uff08\u9519\u8bef\u65705.93\u9879\u5bf9\u6bd45.16\u9879;P<.001\uff0cn= 453\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

<\/span>\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe4 \u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\uff08\u4e2d\u548c\u53f3\uff09\u5206\u522b\u662fStroop\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u6d4b\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a7\u5236\uff09\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff08RT\uff09\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7387\uff1b\u8bef\u5dee\u6761\u53cd\u6620\u00b11\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u8bef\uff0c\u9876\u90e8\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u8868\u793a\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u68c0\u9a8c\uff08*** P <0.001\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u519c\u6c11\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u6708\u4efd\u56fa\u5b9a\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u88681\uff0cB\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002\u88681\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u88681\u7b2c1\u5217\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u8c03\u6574\u540e\uff0c\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548cStroop\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u5dee\u5f02\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5bf9\u8d22\u52a1\u7d27\u5f20\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u611f\u53d7\u5f3a\u70c8\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u572815\u5929\u524d\u5982\u4f55\u8bc4\u4f30\u4ed6\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5e38\u8d26\u5355\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\uff09\u4e0e\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u548cStroop\u6d4b\u9a8c\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\uff08\u89c1\u8868S2\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u9664\u6536\u5165\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u4f53\u529b\u6d88\u8017\uff1b\u51c6\u5907\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u6536\u83b7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7269\u4ea7\u91cf\u7684\u7126\u8651\uff1b\u519c\u6c11\u53ef\u80fd\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d5a\u591a\u5c11\u94b1\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6536\u652f\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7518\u8517\u79cd\u690d\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u96c7\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u7518\u8517\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5230\u6b3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u5468\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6536\u5230\u6b3e\u9879\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u8d1f\u62c5\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u8d1f\u62c5\u548c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7269\u4ea7\u91cf\u7684\u7126\u8651\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684316\u540d\u519c\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u540e\u201d\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u4f46\u662f\u6b3e\u9879\u5230\u4f4d\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u5982\u88681\u7b2c2\u680f\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u6837\u672c\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u65b9\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4f53\u529b\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u7684\u7126\u8651\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u7ec3\u4e60\u6548\u5e94\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0a\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u53c2\u52a0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u62bd\u6837\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86100\u540d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u53d7\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6570\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6837\u672c\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u8ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u624b\u519c\u6c11\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u5dee\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548cStroop\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08\u8868S3\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec3\u4e60\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u5728Stroop\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u8868S3\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u719f\u6089\u5ea6\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u5728\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u5546\u573a\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5730\u533a\u2014\u2014\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8d2b\u56f0\u901a\u5e38\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u8d22\u52a1\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d2b\u56f0\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u673a\u5236[29]\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8c03\u8282\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8425\u517b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5546\u573a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u7518\u8517\u6536\u83b7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u8425\u517b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d2b\u56f0\u65f6\u519c\u6c11\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c11\u5403\u4e1c\u897f\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u5fb7\u90a6\u7684Thiruvarur\uff0cPerambalur\u548cPudokottai Nadu\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fdb\u884c\u8bd5\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86188\u4f4d\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u5e76\u8be2\u95ee\u4e86\u98df\u54c1\u6d88\u8d39\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u7ed3\u8bba\u663e\u793aStroop\u6d4b\u9a8c\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u6536\u83b7\u540e1.47\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u6536\u83b7\u524d2.12\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7t\u68c0\u9a8cP= 0.006\uff0cn= 111\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff09\u3002\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u6ca1\u5403\u5f97\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u5728\u98df\u7269\u4e0a\u82b1\u8d392663\u5362\u6bd4\uff0c\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u82b1\u8d392592\u5362\u6bd4\uff08\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u5e73\u4ef7\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u5206\u522b\u4e3a53\u7f8e\u5143\u548c52\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5305\u542b\u98df\u7269\u6d88\u8d39\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0cStroop\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u538b\u529b\u3002\u8d22\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e86\u751f\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u57282009\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6536\u96c6\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u7684\u751f\u7406\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u5fc3\u7387\u548c\u8840\u538b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u6307\u6807\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u519c\u6c11\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u7684\u538b\u529b\u66f4\u5927\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5fc3\u7387\u6bd4\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u9ad8\uff0878.42\u4e0e76.38\uff1b\u7ecft\u68c0\u9a8cP = 0.088\uff0cn= 188\uff09\uff0c\u8212\u5f20\u538b\uff0878.70\u4e0e74.26\uff0c\u7ecft\u68c0\u9a8cP<0.001\uff0cn=188\uff09\u548c\u6536\u7f29\u538b\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff08128.64\u4e0e121.56\uff0c\u7ecft\u68c0\u9a8cP<0.001\uff0cn= 188\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u538b\u529b\u5dee\u5f02\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u5e76\u4e14\u91cd\u65b0\u4f30\u7b97\u6536\u83b7\u5bf9Stroop\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u663e\u8457\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316[\u5bf9\u4e8eStroop\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5206\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a-1.46\uff080.52\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dt\u4e3a-2.80\uff0cP<0.006; n = 222\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005]\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6536\u83b7\u524d\u519c\u6c11\u786e\u5b9e\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u538b\u529b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u89e3\u91ca\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u673a\u5236\u2014\u2014\u8d2b\u56f0\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u2014\u2014\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4fd7\u79f0\u7684\u201c\u538b\u529b\u201d\uff1a\u7531\u67d0\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u8bf1\u53d1\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7cbe\u795e\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/section>\n
\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u76ae\u8d28\u9187\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u8981\u538b\u529b\u8377\u5c14\u8499\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u6d77\u9a6c\u533a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c2009\u5e74\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e9b\u538b\u529b\u6307\u6807\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u538b\u529b\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6587\u732e\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u538b\u529b\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u635f\u5bb3\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u538b\u529b\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u64b7\u53d6\u662f\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u7a00\u7f3a\u5bf9\u501f\u8d37\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0e\u9664\u8d2b\u56f0\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7a00\u7f3a\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u5230\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5361\u8def\u91cc\u9884\u7b97\uff09\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6563\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f46\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u5728\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8d2b\u7a77\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u72b6\u6001\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u591f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5236\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

4.\u5236\u5b9a\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u672c\u6587\u663e\u793a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89c6\u89d2\uff1a\u8d2b\u7a77\u4e0d\u4ec5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u4ed8\u8d44\u91d1\u77ed\u7f3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7a77\u4eba\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u4f1a\u52a0\u91cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u62c5\u5e76\u59a8\u788d\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u7a77\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5f88\u7a77\u3002<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u7761\u7720\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u5931\u53bb\u6574\u591c\u7761\u7720\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u7528\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\uff09\u3002\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u5931\u53bb\u7761\u7720\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u7761\u7720\u7814\u7a76\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u8d22\u52a1\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u5931\u53bb\u6574\u591c\u7761\u7720\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5bf9\u6162\u6027\u9157\u9152\u8005\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c60\u5c81\u4e0e45\u5c81\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u745e\u6587\u6d4b\u9a8c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6821\u51c6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u667a\u5546\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8fd1\u4f3c\u503c\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4e3a100\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e3a15\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\u5c0f\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e~13\u667a\u5546\u5206\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u660e\u8d2b\u7a77\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u8c28\u9632\u5bf9\u7a77\u4eba\u65bd\u52a0\u8ba4\u77e5\u7a0e\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u7a77\u4eba\u5f81\u6536\u8d27\u5e01\u7a0e\u3002<\/strong>\u586b\u5199\u957f\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9762\u8bd5\uff0c\u89e3\u8bfb\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u5f88\u5c11\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba4\u77e5\u7a0e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u667a\u80fd\u7f3a\u7701\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u586b\u5199\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u9192\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7a77\u4eba\u7279\u522b\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5e76\u5e94\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u5bf9\u519c\u6c11\u65bd\u52a0\u8ba4\u77e5\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u4ece\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u79d1\u666e\u5230\u519c\u4e1a\u63a8\u5e7f\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5411\u519c\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u65b0\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u6740\u866b\u5242\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u5212\u5e94\u8be5\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c4\u5212\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u6240\u8868\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u6536\u83b7\u5468\u671f\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7528\u80a5\u6599\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4e0e\u6536\u83b7\u5b63\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u6536\u83b7\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u90a3\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u56de\u62a5\u7387\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\u51cf\u5c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6ce2\u52a8\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u4eba\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7684\u76ca\u5904\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

1. S. J. Katz, T. P. Hofer, JAMA 272, 530 \u2013 534 (1994).<\/span><\/section>\n
2. M. R. DiMatteo, P. J. Giordani, H. S. Lepper, T. W. Croghan, Med. Care 40, 794 \u2013 811 (2002).<\/span><\/section>\n
3. A. J. Karter et al., Med. Care 42, 110 \u2013 115 (2004).<\/span><\/section>\n
4. R. D. Neal et al., Br. J. Gen. Pract. 51, 830 \u2013 832 (2001).<\/span><\/section>\n
5. J. Kim, B. Sorhaindo, E. T. Garman, J. Fam. Econ. Issues 27, 458 \u2013 478 (2006).<\/span><\/section>\n
6. V. C. McLoyd, Am. Psychol. 53, 185 \u2013 204 (1998).<\/span><\/section>\n
7. M. S. Barr, No Slack: The Financial Lives of Low-Income Americans (Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC, 2012).<\/span><\/section>\n
8. R. M. Blank, M. S. Barr, Insufficient Funds: Savings, Assets, Credit, and Banking Among Low-Income Households (Russell Sage Foundation Publications, New York, 2009).<\/span><\/section>\n
9. K. Edin, L. Lein, Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low-Wage Work (Russell Sage Foundation Publications, New York, 1997).<\/span><\/section>\n
10. M. Bertrand, S. Mullainathan, E. Shafir, Am. Econ. Rev.94, 419 \u2013 423 (2004).<\/span><\/section>\n
11. M. Bertrand, S. Mullainathan, E. Shafir, J. Public Policy Mark. 25, 8 \u2013 23 (2006).<\/span><\/section>\n
12. A. Baddeley, G. Hitch, in The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, G. Bower, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 1974), pp. 47 \u2013 89.<\/span><\/section>\n
13. S. J. Luck, E. K. Vogel, Nature 390, 279 \u2013 281 (1997).<\/span><\/section>\n
14. G. A. Miller, Psychol. Rev. 63, 81 \u2013 97 (1956).<\/span><\/section>\n
15. U. Neisser, Cognition and Reality: Principles and Implications of Cognitive Psychology (Freeman, San Francisco, 1976).<\/span><\/section>\n
16. P. Butterworth, N. Cherbuin, P. Sachdev, K. J. Anstey, Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 7, 548 \u2013 556 (2012).<\/span><\/section>\n
17. S. J. Lupie, S. King, M. J. Meaney, B. S. McEwen, Dev. Psychopathol. 13, 653 \u2013 676 (2001).<\/span><\/section>\n
18. This design resembles \u201c stereotype threat \u201d studies, in which identity-relevant primes diminish cognitive performance (19).<\/span><\/section>\n
19. C. M. Steele, J. Aronson, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 69, 797 \u2013 811 (1995).<\/span><\/section>\n
20. D. Laibson, Q. J. Econ. 112, 443 \u2013 478 (1997).<\/span><\/section>\n
21. A. Deaton, \u201c Measuring poverty \u201d (Working Paper, Princeton Research Program in Development Studies, 2004); available at<\/span><\/section>\n
http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=564001.<\/span><\/section>\n
22. C. H. Karelis, The Persistence of Poverty: Why the Economics of the Well-Off Can \u2019 t Help the Poor (Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT, 2007).<\/span><\/section>\n
23. J. P. Shonkoff, P. Deborah, From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (National Academies Press, Washington,<\/span><\/section>\n
DC, 2000).<\/span><\/section>\n
24. G. W. Evans, M. A. Schamberg, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 6545 \u2013 6549 (2009).<\/span><\/section>\n
25. B. Buhmann, L. Rainwater, G. Schmaus, T. M. Smeeding, Rev. Income Wealth 34, 115 \u2013 142 (1988).<\/span><\/section>\n
26. Alternative measures, such as dividing household income by number of people in the household, yield similar findings.<\/span><\/section>\n
27. J. Raven, Cognit. Psychol. 41, 1 \u2013 48 (2000).<\/span><\/section>\n
28. R. W. Engle, S. W. Tuholski, J. E. Laughlin, A. R. Conway, J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 128, 309 \u2013 331 (1999).<\/span><\/section>\n
29. E. Hunt, Human Intelligence (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2010).<\/span><\/section>\n
30. M. C. Davidson, D. Amso, L. C. Anderson, A. Diamond, Neuropsychologia 44, 2037 \u2013 2078 (2006).<\/span><\/section>\n
31. M. I. Posner, G. J. DiGirolamo, in The Attentive Brain, R. Parasuraman, Ed. (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1998), pp. 401 \u2013 423.<\/span><\/section>\n
32. M. Jo\u00ebls, Z. Pu, O. Wiegert, M. S. Oitzl, H. J. Krugers, Trends Cogn. Sci. 10, 152 \u2013 158 (2006).<\/span><\/section>\n
33. E. Y. Yuen et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 14075 \u2013 14079 (2009).<\/span><\/section>\n
34. A. K. Shah, S. Mullainathan, E. Shafir, Science 338, 682 \u2013 685 (2012).<\/span><\/section>\n
35. S. Mullainathan, E. Shafir, Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much (Henry Holt, New York, 2013).<\/span><\/section>\n
36. B. Hermalin, A. Isen, (USC CLEO Research Paper C01-5, 2000); available athttp:\/\/ideas.repec.org\/p\/wpa\/wuwpmh\/9912001.html.<\/span><\/section>\n
37. A. Oswald, E. Proto, D. Sgroi, (Working Paper, Univ. of Warwick, 2012);<\/span>available at<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
www.sire.ac.uk\/fundedevents\/relativity\/invited\/24MarchOsProSgroiPaper2009.pdf.<\/span><\/section>\n
38. L. Linde, M. Bergstr\u00f6m, Psychol. Res. 54, 127 \u2013 136 (1992).<\/span><\/section>\n
39. B. Jones, O. A. Parsons, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 24, 71 \u2013 75 (1971).<\/span><\/section>\n
40. M. O. Pont\u00f3n et al., J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 2, 96 \u2013 104 (1996).<\/span><\/section>\n
41. R. H. Thaler, C. R. Sunstein, Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness (Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, CT, 2008).<\/span><\/section>\n
42. C. N. Smith, D. Goldstein, E. J. Johnson, (Working Paper, INSEAD, 2009); available at<\/span><\/section>\n
http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1116650.<\/span><\/section>\n
43. E. P. Bettinger, B. T. Long, P. Oreopoulos, L. Sanbonmatsu, (Working Papers, NBER, 2012); available atwww.nber.org\/papers\/w15361.<\/span><\/section>\n
44. K. L. Milkman, J. Beshears, J. J. Choi, D. Laibson, B. C. Madrian, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108,10415 \u2013 10420 (2011).<\/span><\/section>\n
45. N. Ashraf, D. Karlan, W. Yin, Q. J. Econ. 121, 635 \u2013 672 (2006).<\/span><\/section>\n
46. E. Duflo, M. Kremer, J. Robinson, Am. Econ. Rev. 101, 2350 \u2013 2390 (2011).<\/span><\/section>\n

\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1aFrank Xu<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5ba1\u6821\uff1a\u5f20\u6d2a<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u5c0f\u98ce<\/span><\/section>\n
\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/341\/6149\/976<\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u8d2b\u7a77\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4f60\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\uff1f\uff01| AI & Society<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u66b4\u9732\u4f60\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9636\u5c42\u5417\uff1f| AI&Society<\/strong><\/a><\/section>\n
\u4fe1\u606f\u8fc7\u8f7d\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u662f\u4f60\u6700\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n
\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\n

\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/div>\n

\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u25c6<\/span>\u25c6<\/span>\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n

\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"\u96c6\u667a\"<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\n

\u539f\u6587\u59cb\u53d1\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff09\uff1a\u96c6\u667a<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed 2019\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u51fa\u7089\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6 Abhijit Banerjee\uff0cEsther Duflo\u548cMichael Kremer \u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u4e3a\u51cf\u8f7b\u5168\u7403\u8d2b\u56f0\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u800c\u83b7\u5956\u3002\u5176\u4e2dBanerjee \u4e0e Duflo \u66fe\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u300b\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9020\u6210\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17255,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17254"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17254"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17254\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17254"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=17254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}