{"id":19378,"date":"2020-04-27T19:42:18","date_gmt":"2020-04-27T11:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=19378"},"modified":"2020-04-27T19:42:18","modified_gmt":"2020-04-27T11:42:18","slug":"%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f%e5%9c%a3%e5%a1%94%e8%8f%b2%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e6%89%80%e6%8f%90%e5%87%ba%e4%b8%aa%e4%bd%93%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=19378","title":{"rendered":"\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u6ef4\u6c34\u4e4b\u4e8e\u767e\u5ddd\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8d28\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e00\u76f4\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u7528\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5212\u5206\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u73b0\u4efb\u6240\u957f David Krakauer \u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u8eab\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u672a\u6765\u3001\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4ece\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1a\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7ee7\u627f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u7b49\u660e\u786e\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u5206\u5b50\u5230\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u523b\u753b\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5176\u5b9e\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u4e4b\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u6027\u7684\u8ffd\u95ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u65e9\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fc7\u201c\u4eba\u662f\u57ce\u90a6\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u201d\u3002\u5148\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08individuality\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u95ee\uff0c\u8ba9\u5982\u4eca\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e89\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u6fc0\u70c8\u800c\u6301\u4e45\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5230\u751f\u6001\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d1\u5c55\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u73b0\u4efb\u6240\u957f David Krakauer \u5728Theory in Biosciences\u671f\u520a\u9886\u8854\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u672c\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u8eab\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u56fe\u793a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba<\/strong>\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u548c\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1a\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4f9d\u8d56\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7ee7\u627f\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u6269\u5927\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec6\u80de\u58c1\u6216\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u7b49\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u5206\u5b50\u5230\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u3001\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u5e03\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n

The information theory of individuality<\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n

https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12064-020-00313-7#Sec10<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7269\u7406\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9884\u6d4b\u751f\u7269\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u628a\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u3002\u4ece\u7269\u8d28\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u548c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bba\u89d2\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff08Defranceschi & Le Bris,2000\uff09\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u8fd8\u539f\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u4ece\u805a\u5408\u4f53\u9884\u6d4b\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u81f3\u4eca\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff08Anderson, 1972; Krakauer & Flack, 2010a; Flack, 2017b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f46\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u5c42\u6b21<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u95e8\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b66\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u53c8\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u59cb\u4e8e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\uff08Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u540d\u8457\u300a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u904d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u7136\u800c\u548c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u7136\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5177\u6709\u5916\u90e8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u9057\u4f20\u53d8\u5f02\u5ef6\u7eed\u81ea\u8eab<\/strong>\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u5f52\u7eb3\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u5916\u90e8\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u90fd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u4e0d\u8bc1\u81ea\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe 3\uff1a\u4ee5\u201d\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u732b\u201c\u95fb\u540d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f52\u7eb3\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u51fa\u53cd\u4f8b<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6606\u866b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u690d\u7269\u3001\u771f\u83cc\u548c\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u540c\u5b58\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u7ea7<\/strong>\u3002\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8682\u8681\u5f62\u6210\u79f0\u4e3a\u7fa4\u843d\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5de5\u8681\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8681\u7fa4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5c40\u90e8\u590d\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5230\u672a\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u843d\u4f9d\u7136\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u8fde\u7eed\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84\u7b97\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u8681\u7fa4\u7b97\u6cd5<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u8fde\u662f\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u5426\u90fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u3001\u9002\u5e94\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u53d8\u5f02\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0e\u201c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u201d\u73af\u5883\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u6bd2\u80fd\u50cf\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e00\u6837\u5f62\u6210\u96c6\u4f53\u5355\u4f4d\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u611f\u67d3\uff08Andreu-Moreno & Sanju\u00e1n, 2018\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5355\u4e2a\u75c5\u6bd2\u5e76\u975e\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f46\u6574\u4f53\u5374\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u7a7a\u60f3\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong>\u201d\uff08chimerical individuals\uff09(Krakauer & Zanotto, 2006\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u9762\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8d28\u5728\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u71b5\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u663e\u7136\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e3b\u89c2\u548c\u8868\u9762\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6293\u4f4f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u66f4\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u661f\u4eba\u521a\u521a\u964d\u4e34\u5730\u7403\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u534e\u88d4\u79d1\u5e7b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5218\u5b87\u5764\u5728\u77ed\u7bc7\u300a\u5f02\u4e16\u56fe\u9274\u300b\u66fe\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u5916\u661f\u751f\u547d\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u94fe\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ea4\u6362\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u539f\u5b50\u94fe\u5f0f\u53cd\u5e94\u8870\u53d8\u7684\u8f74\u57fa\u751f\u547d\uff1b\u800c\u79d1\u5e7b\u5927\u5e08\u963f\u745f\u00b7\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u5728\u300a\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u300b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u5b87\u5b99\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u8bf8\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u6001\u805a\u5408\u4f53\u5982\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u57ab\uff08Microbial mat\uff09\u7b97\u4e0d\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1f\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u751f\u547d\u548c\u751f\u7269\u88c5\u7f6e\u827a\u672f\u7b97\u4e0d\u7b97\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1f\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6280\u672f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u677e\u6563\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\u7b97\u4e0d\u7b97\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1f<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u8005\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6280\u672f\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5f85\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u5ba0\u7269\u90a3\u6837\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8bb2\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u5305\u542b\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u4e00\u6837\u591a\u7684\u5171\u751f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f53<\/a><\/strong>\uff08Andreu-Moreno&Sanju\u00e1n, 2018\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u201d\u5171\u751f\u603b\u4f53\u201c\uff08holobiont\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff08Gilbert, 2012\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe 4\uff1a\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u5171\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4f53<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u65e2\u7136\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7279\u5f81\u5982\u6b64\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u76f8\u5d4c\u5957\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u653e\u5f03\u5bf9\u5355\u4e00\u5c42\u6b21\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u79cd\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u800c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f9d\u4e0d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u6709\u6548\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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David Krakauer \u7b49\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u201d\u4f20\u64ad\u201c\u5230\u672a\u6765\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u524d\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u63a8\u6f14\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c2\u5ff5\u662f\u4ece\u5df2\u5b58\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u5bf9\u8c61\u9759\u6001\u5efa\u6784\u7684\uff0c\u5148\u6709\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u518d\u5217\u4e3e\u5b9e\u4f53\u79cd\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u201d\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u5b9e\u5728\u8bba\u201c\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u52a8\u529b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u53ea\u662f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u9057\u7559\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u8005\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u89c2\uff08Rescher, 2007\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u6700\u65e9\u59cb\u4e8e\u8457\u540d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u3002<\/span>
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\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e30\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u672a\u6765\u3001\u5177\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u805a\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u71b5\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u514b\u52b3\u4fee\u65af\u3001\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u3001\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u505a\u8fc7\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u662f\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u00b7\u9999\u519c\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u6bd4\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u71b5\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6574\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u5960\u5b9a\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe 5\uff1a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u00b7\u9999\u519c<\/span><\/strong>
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\u9999\u519c\u5728\u5ea6\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u6700\u7b80\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cf \ud835\udc46 \uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5 H \u8861\u91cf\u5b83\u5904\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373 \ud835\udc46 \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u4e2d \ud835\udc46i \u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0cP(si) \u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u679a\u6b63\u5e38\u786c\u5e01\u6709\u6b63\u53cd\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u90fd\u662f0.5\uff0c\u6d4b\u5f97\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u5927\u5c0f\u5c31\u662f 1\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u786c\u5e01\u4e00\u9762\u6982\u7387\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u5c0f\u4e8e 1 \u6bd4\u7279\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u9999\u519c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u53d1\u9001-\u63a5\u6536\u8005\uff08Signaler\u2013Receiver\uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cf \ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udc45 \u8868\u793a\u3002\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u7531\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff08Mutual Information\uff09I \u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u4e2d\u5176\u4e2d H(\ud835\udc46) \u548c H(\ud835\udc45) \u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u71b5\uff0cH(\ud835\udc46;\ud835\udc45) \u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8054\u5408\u71b5\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5f53 \ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udc45 \u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u65f6\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u71b5\u6700\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5728 \ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udc45 \u90fd\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\u7684\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u71b5 H(\ud835\udc46;\ud835\udc45) \u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f I \u6d4b\u91cf\u5728 \ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udc45 \u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u7531\ud835\udc46-\ud835\udc45 \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\ud835\udc45 \u4e2d\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6765\u6e90\u88ab\u5047\u5b9a\u6765\u81ea \ud835\udc46\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f I \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u4e2d H(\ud835\udc45|\ud835\udc46) \u662f \ud835\udc45 \u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u71b5\uff0c\u6216 \ud835\udc45 \u4e2d\u4e0d\u5728 \ud835\udc46 \u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c \ud835\udc45 \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u6765\u81ea \ud835\udc46\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
H(\ud835\udc45|\ud835\udc46)=0 \uff0c\u4e14 I(\ud835\udc46;\ud835\udc45) = H(\ud835\udc45)<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u8005 \ud835\udc46 \u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210 \ud835\udc46 = {\ud835\udc461\uff0c\ud835\udc462}\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u94fe\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5219\u5206\u89e3\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Cover & Thomas, 1991\uff09\uff1a <\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc462;\ud835\udc45|\ud835\udc461) := \ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc45|\ud835\udc461) \u2212 \ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc45|\ud835\udc461,\ud835\udc462)<\/span><\/section>\n
\uff08\u4e0a\u9762\u7b49\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7b26\u53f7\u201c:=\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e24\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8ba9 \ud835\udc46 \u548c \u03b5 \u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u96c6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d7\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u9053\u5efa\u6a21\u5c31\u662f \u03c6\uff1a\u03b5 \u00d7 \ud835\udc46 \u2192 \ud835\udc46 \u548c \u03c8\uff1a\ud835\udc46 \u00d7 \u03b5 \u2192 \u03b5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5176\u4e2d \u03c6(e,s;s’) \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u5904\u4e8e s \u548c e \u65f6\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001 s’ \u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u03c8(s,e;e’) \u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 s \u548c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u73af\u5883 e \u4e0b\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001 e\u2032 \u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7ea6\u675f\u5047\u5b9a\u5047\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6240\u6709 e\uff0cs\uff0cs’\uff0c\u6709 \u03c6(e,s;s’) \u2265 0 \u4e14 \u03a3\u03c6(e,s;s’)  = 1\uff0c \u03c8 \u540c\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u53ef\u89c1 \u03c6 \u548c \u03c8 \u6784\u6210\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf-\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03 \u03bc \u4ee5\u72b6\u6001 s \u548c e \u5f00\u59cb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5219\u5f97\u5230\u72b6\u6001\u96c6\uff08\ud835\udc46k,\ud835\udc38k\uff09\uff0ck=1,2,3\u2026\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u5728 \ud835\udc46 \u00d7 \u03b5 \u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<\/span>   <\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff08\ud835\udc46k,\ud835\udc38k\uff09\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/span>   <\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\ud835\udc46k,\ud835\udc38k\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u91cf\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u56fe 6 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u8574\u542b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u72ec\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\ud835\udc38n+1 \u6761\u4ef6\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a \ud835\udc46n-1\uff0c\ud835\udc38n-1\u4e0b\u7684 \ud835\udc46n\uff0c\ud835\udc38n\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe 6\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u4f5c\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u56fe<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4fe1\u606f\u578b\u4e2a\u4f53<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u9053\u91d1\u65af\u7684\u590d\u5236\u5b50<\/strong>\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5141\u8bb8\u590d\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u590d\u5236\u4e2d\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2a\u4f53\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u5411\u524d\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u548c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u5b66\u7ea6\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u5185\u6db5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n

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    \n
  • \n
    \u7cfb\u7edf-\u73af\u5883\u5206\u89e3\uff1a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e8e\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u56fe\u5f62-\u80cc\u666f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u6d4b\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c97\u7565\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4e3b\u4f53-\u73af\u5883\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5212\u5206\u53ef\u5bb9\u8bb8\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u6b21\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u751f\u7269\u4e0a\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u4f53\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u3001\u79cd\u7fa4\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u4fe1\u606f\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u3001\u5e76\u5206\u522b\u5177\u6709\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b \u548c \ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b \u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1\uff0c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u91cf\u5316\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u5728\u65f6\u95f4 \ud835\udc5b+1 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1 \u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\uff08\u524d\u4ee3\uff09\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b \u548c \u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f \ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7a0b\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5206\u89e3\uff1a<\/span>       <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u89e3\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u5f8b\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff1a<\/span>
    <\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5148\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5185\u6e90\u51b3\u5b9a<\/strong>\uff08Endogenous determination\uff09\u8003\u8651\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
      \n
    • \n

      \u7b2c\u4e00\u9879 \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) + \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) \u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u4e0b\u4ee3\u6216\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u90fd\u5f52\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab<\/strong>\u3002Krakauer \u548c Zanotto (2006) \u5c06\u91cf \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) \u79f0 \u4e3a\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027<\/strong>\uff08autonomy\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7528 \ud835\udc34\u2217= \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b)  \u8868\u793a\u3002\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) \u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u6d41\u5411\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u82e5\u65e0\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cf\u8861\u91cf\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d7\u73af\u5883\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c \u7528 nC = \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) \u8868\u793a\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5c01\u95ed\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u56e0\u679c\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u6240\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u90fd\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


      <\/span><\/section>\n
      \u4e0e\u5185\u6e90\u51b3\u5b9a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8<\/strong>\uff08Environmentally driven\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u73af\u5883\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u68af\u5ea6\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u73af\u5883\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u65bd\u52a0\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5206\u89e3 \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) + \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) \u4e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e3b\u8981\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20 \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) \uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684 \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) \u624d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5 \uff08Bertschinger et al.,, 2008\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u7528 A \u8868\u793a\u3002\u5728\u5047\u5b9a\u4e2a\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u90fd\u5f52\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

      <\/span><\/section>\n
      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u91cf\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
        \n
      • \n

        \u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong> \ud835\udc34 := \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\uff09\uff08Colonial  Individuality\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53<\/span><\/strong> \ud835\udc34\u2217 :=\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b\uff09\uff08Organismal  Individuality\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53<\/span><\/strong> nC := \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) \uff08Environmental  Determined  Individuality\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


        <\/span><\/section>\n
        \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff08Fine-grained decomposition\uff09\u8003\u8651\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

        <\/span><\/section>\n

        \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\uff08Williams & Beer, 2010; Bertschinger et al., 2013)\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u72ec\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u70b9[1]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


        <\/span><\/p>\n

        \u5728\u65f6\u95f4 n+1 \u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e2a\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4 n \u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8054\u5408\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u56db\u9879\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n

               <\/p>\n

        <\/span><\/section>\n


        <\/p>\n

        \u8fd9\u56db\u9879\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u524d\u9762\u4ece\u94fe\u5f0f\u6cd5\u5219\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

              <\/span>
        <\/section>\n


        <\/p>\n

        \u5728\u672c\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5206\u522b\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n
          a \u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b\u2216\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)\uff1a\u53ea\u6765\u81ea\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u5e76\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\u7ef4\u6301\uff1b<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          b \u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1,\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          c \u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\u2216\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b)\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u72ed\u4e49\u4e0a\u5373\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff1b<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
        • \n
          d \u4ea4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)\uff1a\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ea\u5b58\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

          \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u89e3\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728 Journal Entropy \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\u89c1\u89e3\uff08Lizier et al., 2018\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e25\u683c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u91cf\u5316\u6bcf\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f)\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u6216\u73af\u5883\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4e8c\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          <\/p>\n

          \u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53 \ud835\udc34\u2217<\/span><\/p>\n

          <\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \n

          \ud835\udc34\u2217 = \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) + \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b\u2216\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

          \u5f53\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5e94\u6216\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u6240\u5904\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5171\u4eab\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65f6\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u79c1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          <\/p>\n

          \u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53 A<\/span><\/p>\n

          <\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \ud835\udc34 = \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) + \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b\u2216\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

          \u8bb8\u591a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u5fae\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5904\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5171\u4eab\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u542b\u6709\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u548c\u975e\u751f\u7269\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd “\u73af\u5883\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f53”\uff0c\u5373\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


          <\/p>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          <\/p>\n

          \u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53 nC<\/span><\/p>\n

          <\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


          <\/section>\n
          \ud835\udc5b\ud835\udc36 = \ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b|\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b) = \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) + \ud835\udc48\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\u2216\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b)<\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/section>\n
          \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u91cf\u5316\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u88ab\u73af\u5883\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u5ea6\u91cf\u964d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e2\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u8d28\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 \u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ea7\u751f\u6f29\u6da1\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/span><\/section>\n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          <\/p>\n

          \u73af\u5883\u7f16\u7801<\/span><\/p>\n

          <\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


          <\/section>\n
          \ud835\udc41\ud835\udc47\ud835\udc3c\ud835\udc36 = \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b) – \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1;\ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b,\ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b)<\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/section>\n
          \u8fd9\u4e00\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u662f\u91cf\u5316\u7fa4\u843d\u548c\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u7531\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u6355\u6349\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/section>\n
          \u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u9488\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5148\u5929\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

          <\/section>\n
          \u5f53\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6027\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5f53\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u65f6\uff0c\u6559\u517b\uff08nurture\uff09\u5219\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3b\u5bfc\u81ea\u7136\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n

          <\/section>\n
          \n
          \u4e09\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u5ea6\u91cf\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4f8b\u5b50 <\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


          <\/p>\n

          \u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

          \u9075\u5faa\u524d\u9762\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fe1\u606f\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u56fe 6 \u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a {-1,+1} \u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u96c6\u5408 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b \u548c \ud835\udc38\ud835\udc5b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u72b6\u6001\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u5e03\u540c\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b+1 \u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\u3001 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\u3001 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u4e09\u4e2a\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53c2\u6570\u72b6\u6001\u5219\u662f \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc38\u3001\ud835\udefd\ud835\udc38\u3001\ud835\udefe\ud835\udc38\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n


          <\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n
            \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u5176\u524d\u4e00\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc5b \u7684\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u7269\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u8282\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5982\u751f\u7269\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46\uff1a\u8c03\u8282\u539f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u7efc\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u5982\u5e76\u975e\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u751f\u7269\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u6216\u5404\u79cd\u5076\u7136\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u90fd\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0a\u3002\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u73af\u5883\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe 7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u73af\u5883\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe 9 \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n

            \u968f\u673a\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

            \n
            \n
            \n

            <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
            \u5728\u968f\u673a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u6545\u6709 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc38 = \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc38= \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc38 = 0\u3002\u5982\u56fe 7 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e24\u6b65\u65f6\u957f\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\uff0c\u4e0e\u7fa4\u843d\u3001\u6709\u673a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4e0d\u540c \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\u3001 \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46\u3001\ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u4e0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u56fe\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

            <\/span><\/section>\n
            <\/section>\n

            \u56fe 7\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u73af\u5883 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc38 = \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc38= \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc38 = 0 \u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Total_MI\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u71b5\uff08H_sys\uff09\uff0c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53 \uff08A\uff09 \uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08A_star\uff09\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53 \uff08nC)\uff09\u5bf9 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\uff0c\ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u56fe\u793a\uff0c\u4e0b\u6807 \ud835\udc46 \u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u5df2\u7701\u7565\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u503c\u6307\u9488\uff1a\u8d8a\u504f\u5411\u84dd\u8272\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u8d8a\u504f\u5411\u9ec4\u8272\u8d8a\u9ad8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u5f53 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46=0 \u65f6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff08\u5982\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u73af\u5883\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5f53 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u8f83\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u5f53\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u6ca1\u6709\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u552f\u4e00\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u6b64\u65f6\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u533a\u5206\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u968f\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u5206\u624d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684 Ningaloo \u5730\u533a\u51fa\u6d77\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u53ea\u957f\u8fbe 47 \u7c73\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6c34\u6bcd\uff08Apolemia\uff09[3]\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u65e0\u6027\u7e41\u6b96\u7684\u4e2a\u866b\uff08zooids\uff09\u4e92\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u6355\u98df\u3001\u5c31\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u6d88\u5316\u3001\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u638c\u7ba1\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u7e41\u6b96\u7b49\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                  <\/span><\/section>\n

            \u56fe 8\uff1a\u957f\u8fbe 47 \u7c73\u7684\u6c34\u6bcd\u7fa4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e00\u751f\u7269\u5b58\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6216\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u5206\u6e05\u5b83\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u4ee5\u76ee\u524d\u6807\u51c6\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a<\/strong>\u4f53\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n

            \u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

            \n
            \n

            <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

            \u6240\u8c13\u975e\u968f\u673a\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5728\u56fe 3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc38 =2\uff0c \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc38= \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc38 = 0\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\uff0c\u4e0e\u7fa4\u843d\u3001\u6709\u673a\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4e0d\u540c \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\u3001 \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46\u3001\ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u4e0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u56fe\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            <\/section>\n
            \u56fe 9\uff1a\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e24\u6b65\u65f6\u957f\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Total_MI\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u71b5\uff08H_sys\uff09\uff0c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53 \uff08A)\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08A_star\uff09\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\uff08nC\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u73af\u5883 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc38 = 2\uff0c \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc38= \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc38 = 0 \u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\uff0c\ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u548c \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u65f6\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5728\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684 |\ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46| \u548c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u4e0b\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u6539\u53d8\u4f46\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u8f83\u9ad8\u503c\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53 A*\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f83\u4f4e\u503c\u7684\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53 A \u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53 nC\u3002\uff08\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u968f\u673a\u73af\u5883\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7531\u9ad8 nC \u503c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u5230\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5e76\u88ab\u5185\u5316\u5230\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            <\/p>\n

            \u56fe 10\uff1a\uff08\u56fe 9 \u5c40\u90e8\uff09\u4f4e \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u4e0b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u503c\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53 A*\uff0c\u8f83\u4f4e\u503c\u7684\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53 A \u548c\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53 nC<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u4f46\u968f\u7740 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u503c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5206\u6b67\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u5728\u4f4e\u503c \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46 \u548c\u4f4e\u503c \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u65f6\uff0c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u6700\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5f88\u5f31\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\u72ec\u5c45\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u5177\u5907\u6700\u5c0f\u4e24\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u800c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5219\u5728\u9ad8 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u4fe1\u606f\u5f00\u59cb\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9ad8 \ud835\udefc \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3001\u53ea\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u7531\u5f97\u6709\u8ba9\u4eba\u60f3\u8d77\u80fd\u5728\u6781\u4e3a\u82db\u523b\u6761\u4ef6\u5982-272\u2103\u4f4e\u6e29\u548c151\u2103\u9ad8\u6e29\u3001\u6570\u5343\u7c73\u6d77\u62d4\u548c\u5f88\u4f4e\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5916\u592a\u7a7a\u4e0b\u80fd\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u6c34\u718a\u866b\uff08Water Bear\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u5b83\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u751f\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3001\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u80fd\u6d3b\u7684\u5982\u6b64\u987d\u5f3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

                   <\/strong><\/section>\n
            \n

            \u56fe 11\uff1a\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u5730\u8868\u6700\u5f3a\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6c34\u718a\u866b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u81f3\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u9a71\u52a8\u4e2a\u4f53 nC \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5728\u4f4e \ud835\udefe \u65f6\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u5230\u9ad8\u503c \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u96be\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5f97\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08complementary\uff09\u5c06\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u663e\u7136\uff0c\ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u9053\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u71b5\uff08H_sys\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6301\u7eed\u53cd\u8f6c\u603b\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5728\u4f4e \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46 \u548c\u4f4e \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u65f6\uff0cH_sys \u5206\u522b\u5728 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46=0 \u548c \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46=5 \u65f6\u53d6\u5f97\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u548c\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u4ece\u524d\u9762\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5f53\u9ad8\u9636\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\uff08higher-order coupling\uff09\u8f83\u4f4e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53-\u73af\u5883\u7684\u533a\u522b\u968f\u7740\u72ec\u7acb\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\ud835\udefc\uff0c\ud835\udefd\uff09\u800c\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u5373 \ud835\udefc \u548c \ud835\udefd \u589e\u52a0\u5206\u522b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u6211\u7ef4\u6301\uff0c\u548c\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u9ad8\u9636\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u968f\u7740\u72ec\u7acb\u8bb0\u5fc6\u51cf\u5c11\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5f53\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5b58\u5728\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u65f6\uff0c\u7269\u79cd\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u7136\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d8b\u52bf\u4f1a\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u8eab\u72ec\u7acb\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/span>
            <\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u871c\u8702\u548c\u8682\u8681\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u4e00\u751f\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u88ab\u5212\u5b9a\u597d\u4e86\u5206\u5de5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5927\u7329\u7329\u6216\u8001\u864e\u8fd9\u6837\u7fa4\u5c45\u751a\u81f3\u72ec\u5c45\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5355\u72ec\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c31\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u751f\u5b58\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u200d<\/span><\/p>\n

            <\/p>\n

                   \u200d<\/span>\u200d<\/span><\/p>\n

            \u200d<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n

            \u56fe 12\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u751f\u7269\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8681\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u534f\u8c03\u6574\u4f53\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u5374\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u667a\u80fd<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

            <\/p>\n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n

            <\/section>\n
            \n
            \u56db\u3001\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5c55\u671b\u4e0e\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n
            \n

            \u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u5c42\u6b21<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


            <\/p>\n

            <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

            Krakauer \u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5c06\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u6982\u7387\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u4efb\u610f\u7c92\u5ea6\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u56e0\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5982\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5c42\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u751f\u7269\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u504f\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0b\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u5177\u6709\u590d\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u6b21\u3002\u8fd9\u7b26\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\u751f\u7269\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u9690\u542b\uff08Okasha, 2006\uff09\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u754c\u9650\u5c06\u662f\u6781\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

            \u4e3a\u6b64\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8bc6\u522b\u524d\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08\u4f4e\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff09\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u6210\u719f\u4e2a\u4f53\uff08\u9ad8\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u548c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


            <\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              \u5212\u5206\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff08The partitioning requirement\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

              \u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5929\u5916\u6765\u7269\u5982\u77f3\u5934\u4e00\u822c\u4e00\u52a8\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6572\u51fb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f46\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e0a\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u5b83\u7adf\u7136\u5f00\u59cb\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e86\u3002\u539f\u6765\u662f\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6781\u957f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981 \u3002\u5728\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\u6216\u975e\u5e38\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff08 autonomy\uff09\u3001\u5c01\u95ed\u6027\uff08closure\uff09\u548c\u5145\u5206\u6027\uff08sufficiency\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u76d6\u4e9a\u5047\u8bf4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6709\u673a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u5907\u751f\u547d\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


              <\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n

                \u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff08The robustness requirement\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9664\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d4c\u5957\u6216\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4ea7\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5668\u673a\u5236\u672c\u8eab\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u8fd9\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u6216\u7ea0\u9519\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5e73\u8861\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u76d1\u6d4b\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u504f\u5dee\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u4fdd\u62a4\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u5938\u5927\u52a8\u6001\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u548c\u751f\u7269\u73b0\u8c61\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


                <\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \n

                  \u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\uff08The levels of selection\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u8bb8\u591a\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e2a\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u5373\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f83\u7c97\u7c92\u7684\u805a\u5408\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u534f\u8c03\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5c5e\u6027\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5355\u5143\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


                  <\/p>\n

                  \u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6f14\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u83b1\u65af\u65b9\u7a0b\uff08Price Equation\uff09\uff1a\u8be5\u65b9\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u968f\u7740\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u503c\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0e\u53ca\u9002\u5e94\u5ea6\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u6027\u72b6\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u503c\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u72b6\u5747\u503c\u5728\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u89c1\u9644\u5f55\uff0c Nowak et al., 2010\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff08Krakauer & Flack, 2010b\uff09\uff0c\u800c ITI \u6070\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5efa\u6a21\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                  <\/span><\/section>\n

                  \n
                  <\/p>\n

                  \u56fe 13\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Price\u65b9\u7a0b\u5206\u89e3\u8868\u578b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50[4]<\/p>\n

                  <\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n


                  <\/p>\n


                  <\/span><\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  \n

                  \u76f8\u5173\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


                  <\/p>\n

                  \u5bf9\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6570\u5b66\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u6709\u76ca\u5bf9\u4f5c\u8005\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span>
                  <\/p>\n


                  <\/span><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \n

                    \u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e Maturana\uff08Maturana, 1975\uff09\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u81ea\u521b\u751f<\/strong>\uff08autopoiesis\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u81ea\u6211\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\uff08Maturana, 1980\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7269\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u8d85\u8fc7\u5176\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


                    <\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \n

                      \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5bf9\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u90fd\u4e0e\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5177\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u7fa4\u96c6\uff08\u5982\u7fa4\u843d\uff09\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cf\u5316\u6a21\u5757\u5ea6\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u5bfb\u6c42\u5bf9\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4e0e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7a7a\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u5408\u5728\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\u662f\u88ab\u8fc7\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff08overrepresented\uff09\uff08Newman, 2016\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u3001\u5668\u5b98\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2 \uff08Davidson et al., 2004) \uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u90a3\u6837\u4ee5\u5b9a\u91cf\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u5448\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


                      <\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • \n

                        \u672c\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e Karl Friston \u548c\u540c\u4e8b Ramstead \u7b49\u4eba\uff082018\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff08FEP\uff09\u4e5f\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u6837\uff0cFEP \u4e5f\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u601d\u60f3\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u8de8\u8d8a\u65f6\u95f4\u62b5\u6297\u8870\u53d8\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u603b\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6709\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u96c6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u6784\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u533a\u9694\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u2014\u2014\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6bef\uff08Markov blanket\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff1a\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u53ea\u901a\u8fc7\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6765\u611f\u77e5\u5916\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\uff08ITI\uff0cthe information theory of individuality\uff09\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5f62\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6355\u6349\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u5230\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u4e25\u683c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u7684\u590d\u5236\u4f53\u3001\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u53ef\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u66f4\u5927\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u88ab\u8d2c\u4f4e\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\u884d\u751f\u6216\u8868\u8c61\u7684\u65b0\u5947 “\u4e2a\u4f53 “\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u751f\u7269\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u52a8\u6001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5386\u53f2\u8fc5\u901f\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u9884\u9002\u5e94\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u88ab\u73af\u5883\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u6f29\u6da1\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u501f\u9274\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/span><\/p>\n

                        \u4f46\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u662f\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7f3a\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u7684\u6210\u672c\u51fd\u6570\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u9608\u503c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u786e\u5207\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5f52\u7eb3\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c David Krakauer \u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c06\u7559\u7ed9\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                         <\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/span><\/p>\n

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                        <\/section>\n
                        \n
                        \u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


                        <\/span><\/p>\n

                        \u5bf9\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7ec6\u81f4\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u56de\u5230\u524d\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e09\u4e2a\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a\ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46 \u4ee3\u8868\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u7269\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u8282\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u4ee3\u8868\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8026\u5408\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u7269\u7684\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u8c03\u8282\u539f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u7efc\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u5982\u5e76\u975e\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u751f\u7269\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u5728\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46\uff0c\u53ea\u6697\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u73af\u5883\u8c03\u8282\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6700\u5178\u578b\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u4e00\u53ea\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u3001\u795e\u79d8\u83ab\u6d4b\u7684\u624b\uff0c\u4e3b\u5bb0\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5730\u7403\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5165\u6240\u8c13\u4eba\u7c7b\u5f71\u54cd\u5730\u7403\u5730\u8d28\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u5411\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u667a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u8bde\u751f\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u521d\u5728 Nature Reviews Earth & Environment [5]\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u51e0\u7bc7\u6709\u5173\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bb2\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u7528\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                        <\/span><\/section>\n

                        \n

                        \u56fe 14\uff1a\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u7528\u56fe<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

                        \n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5730\u5708\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5708\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5708\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5e76\u65bd\u52a0\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5728\u95f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u5219\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6709\u673a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7ef4\u6301\u9ad8 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46\uff0c\u5373\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u4e3b\u5bfc\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u5c55\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u8d8b\u4e8e\u706d\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u552f\u6709\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684 \ud835\udefd\ud835\udc46 \u4ee5\u53ca \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u52bf\u5fc5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u5c5e\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u8ba9\u81ea\u8eab\u7ef4\u6301\u9ad8 \ud835\udefc\ud835\udc46 \u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u518d\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8ba9\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u907f\u514d\u4e0a\u4e86\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5f31\u8089\u5f3a\u98df\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u79cd\u5185\u793e\u4f1a\u7ade\u4e89\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u81ea\u8eab\u4e3b\u5bfc\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u4f9d\u7136\u7b26\u5408\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u662f\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u7684<\/strong>\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u53c8\u662f\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u9636\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u589e\u52a0\u7684\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7fa4\u843d\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u8fd9\u79cd\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u80fd\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u5b87\u5b99\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u5f53 \ud835\udefe\ud835\udc46 \u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u73af\u5883\u54ea\u65b9\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\u90fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u871c\u8702\u548c\u8682\u8681\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5f97\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\uff1b\u800c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7269\u79cd\u81ea\u8eab\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6280\u672f\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u6539\u9020\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8bd7\u6b4c\u827a\u672f\u541f\u5531\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\u4e0b\u7684\u2014\u2014\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7ed9\u7269\u8d28\u81ea\u7136\u8d4b\u4e88\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u7136\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7acb\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u73cd\u89c6\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong>\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e5f\u662f\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53<\/strong>\u3002\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u65e2\u975e\u524d\u793e\u4f1a\u6027<\/strong>\uff08\u72ec\u5c45\uff0cPresociality\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u975e\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\uff08Eusociality\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u6ce2\u52a8\u5728\u4e9a\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5230\u51c6\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u58ee\u5927\u53ea\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u8bf4\u300c\u559c\u7231\u5b64\u72ec\u8005\uff0c\u975e\u795e\u5373\u517d\u300d\uff0c\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5927\u795e\uff08\u5927\u517d\uff0c\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2a\u4f53\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff08\u4eba\u8111\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u6587\u5316\u521b\u9020\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u59ff\u6001\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8fbe\u6210\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u50cf\u8682\u8681\u90a3\u6837\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\u5206\u5de5\u548c\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                            <\/span><\/p>\n

                        \n

                        \u56fe 15\uff1a\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49 VS. \u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


                        <\/p>\n

                        \u81f3\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e89\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ece\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u65b0\u578b\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u6ed1\u5411\u552f\u6211\u8bba\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u975e\u524d\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5230\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e24\u6781\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff1a\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c\u6027\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u601d\u8003\u9884\u6f14\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6765\u3002
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                        \u2014\u2014\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u9053\u8def\u655e\u5f00\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u5ef6\u7eed\u5c31\u603b\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5173\u5fc3\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u5fc3\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5173\u5fc3\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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                        \u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u6700\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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                        \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

                        <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

                        [1] \u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08the partial information decomposition\uff09(Williams & Beer, 2010) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u666e\u904d\u516c\u7406\u4e2d\u63a8\u5230\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u7406\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u672f\u8bed\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u884c\u989d\u5916\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002Williams \u548c Beer \u6700\u521d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5efa\u8bae\uff082010\uff09\u88ab\u6279\u8bc4\u4e3a\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5efa\u8bae (Harder et al., 2013; Bertschinger et al., 2014; Finn and Lizier 2018; James et al., 2017)\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c1a\u672a\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u5206\u89e3\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7ecf\u5178\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

                        [2] https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/6799525\/jellyfish-string-creature\/<\/span><\/p>\n

                        [3]https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/230758418_Understanding_behavioural_responses_and_their_consequences<\/span><\/p>\n

                        [4] https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43017-019-0005-6<\/span><\/p>\n


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                        \u5ba1\u6821\uff1a\u5218\u57f9\u6e90<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u5f20\u5e0c\u598d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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                        <\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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                        \u8ba1\u7b97\u7f8e\u5b66\u767e\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5927\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u89c6\u89d2\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u7f8e<\/span><\/strong><\/a>
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                        2020\u524d\u6cbf\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u89c2\u70b9\u4f20\u64ad\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55<\/span><\/strong><\/a>
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                        Nature \u5386\u5e74\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u96c6\uff1a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u97e7\u6027<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u793e\u56e2\u7ed3\u6784 | \u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a>
                        <\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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                        \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org
                        <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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                        \u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n

                        \u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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                        \u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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                        \u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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                        \ud83d\udc47\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        \u5bfc\u8bed \u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u6ef4\u6c34\u4e4b\u4e8e\u767e\u5ddd\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8d28\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e00\u76f4\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u7528\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5212\u5206\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u73b0\u4efb\u6240\u957f David Krakauer \u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u683c\u5f0f\u5854\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u5c06\u81ea\u8eab\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u672a\u6765\u3001\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u96c6…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19378"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19378"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19378\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19378"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=19378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}