{"id":20568,"date":"2020-08-02T19:11:10","date_gmt":"2020-08-02T11:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=20568"},"modified":"2020-08-02T19:11:10","modified_gmt":"2020-08-02T11:11:10","slug":"%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e7%bb%9f%e8%ae%a1%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%81%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e4%b8%8e%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e6%8e%a8%e7%90%86%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=20568","title":{"rendered":"\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u4ea4\u53c9\u9886\u57df"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\" data-mpa-powered-by=\"yiban.io\"><img class=\"rich_pages js_insertlocalimg\" data-ratio=\"0.5388711395101171\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"939\" style=\"width: 100%;height: auto;\" data-backw=\"563\" data-backh=\"303\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-fe4f2334d6a24160a26a476b92dcce57.jpeg\"  \/><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"1172402\" data-mpa-color=\"null\" data-mpa-category=\"fav\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-left: 1em;color: rgb(105, 13, 3);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4;border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\"><span style=\"border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"padding: 0.2em 0.5em;border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);font-weight: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;border-radius: 0.3em;text-align: center;background-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\">\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-top: -0.7em;color: rgb(105, 13, 3);font-size: 1em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);border-radius: 0.4em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"padding: 1.4em 1em 1em;border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 1em;font-weight: inherit;text-align: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;border-color: rgb(105, 13, 3);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;\">\n<p style=\"min-height: 1em;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-weight: inherit;text-align: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\uff1f\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b3\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5728\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u9f9a\u9e64\u626c\u5728\u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u5408\u96c6\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u56de\u653e\u8be6\u89c1\u540e\u6587\u3002<br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\" data-type=\"2\" data-url=\"\" data-author-name=\"\" data-content-utf8-length=\"25\" data-source-title=\"\" style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u81ea\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u8bba\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u6e05\u5355\u8bf7\u626b\u7801\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><img class=\"rich_pages js_insertlocalimg\" data-ratio=\"1\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"260\" style=\"height: 165px;width: 165px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-3ed13b738287b11957aaf213e64268d4.png\"  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56e0\u679c\u9769\u547d\u548c\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u6570\u636e\u9769\u547d\uff08\u6d89\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Alpha-Go\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u7b49\u7b49 \uff09\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5230\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3001\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u4fe1\u7528\u3001\u8d23\u5907\u548c\u516c\u5e73\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7 \u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c \u56e0\u679c\u9769\u547d\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5904\u7406\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5982\u679c\u8981\u60f3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8109\u7edc\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Causal AI\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<h1>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u4e00\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<\/h1>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u6301\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6539\u53d8 T \u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77 Y \u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u79f0 T \u662f Y \u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: center;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1aT \u5355\u4f4d\u53d8\u5316\u5f15\u8d77 Y \u53d8\u5316\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5e72\u9884\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8003\u8651\u54f2\u5b66\u56e0\u679c\u601d\u8003\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u56e0\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u56e0\u679c\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u201c\u82e5\u975e\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5 A \u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c B \u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 A \u662f B \u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u201c<span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u82e5\u975e<\/span>\u201d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5224\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Suzy\u548c Billy \u90fd\u5728\u6254\u77f3\u5934\u7838\u74f6\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fe9\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u51c6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f Suzy \u5148\u6254\u4e86\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u74f6\u5b50\u788e\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f Suzy \u5148\u6254 Billy \u4e5f\u4f1a\u6253\u7834\u74f6\u5b50\u3002\u901a\u4fd7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u662f Suzy \u6254\u4e86\u77f3\u5934\u5bfc\u81f4\u74f6\u5b50\u788e\u4e86\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u65f6 Suzy \u4e0d\u6254\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u74f6\u5b50\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u788e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u82e5\u975e\u201d\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u4e8b\u4ef6 A\uff0c B\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u770b\u4f3c\u61c2\u4e86\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u76f8\u5bf9\u6e05\u6670\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u725b\u987f\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5ffd\u89c6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5417\uff1fBernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u8003\u8651\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u679c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u6027\uff0c\u628a\u56e0\u679c\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f Type causality \uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f Actual causality\u3002Type &nbsp;causality \u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5438\u70df\u662f\u5426\u5bfc\u81f4\u80ba\u764c\uff0c\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u7531\u56e0\u63a8\u679c\uff08Forward-looking\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e72\u9884\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\uff1b\u800c Actual causality \u5173\u6ce8\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6050\u9f99\u706d\u4ea1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u516d\u5343\u4e07\u5e74\u7684\u5c0f\u884c\u661f\u649e\u5730\u7403\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5417\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u679c\u63a8\u56e0\uff08Backward-looking\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u601d\u7ef4\u601d\u7ef4\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5982\u4e0b\u4e66\u7c4d\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Causality: Philosophical Theory meets Scientific Practice\uff082014\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Actual Causality\uff082016\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Free will, Causality and Neuroscience\uff082019\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<h1>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u4e8c\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.7068645640074211\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1078\" height=\"auto\" width=\"1078\" style=\"font-size: 17px;width: 468px;height: 331px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-b30a7726f79a3899cfad47817a1823b3.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"text-align: justify;font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe1\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u4e09\u672c\u4e66\uff08\u7ea2\u6846\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/h1>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u82e5\u5e72\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u5806\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u5904\u5c31\u662f J. Pearl \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u68af\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u6c42\u89e3\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u76f8\u5173\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247500020&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=7cef5358569c9d9a2983a3b65ff7d331&amp;chksm=e8979a79dfe0136fe46239c480ed103924b01e09cfe4c764ca6219d075a4638dcb1c2be408e9&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u56e0\u679c\u4e4b\u7bad\u6307\u5411\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f| \u56fe\u7075\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u73c0\u5c14\u7684\u300a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b<\/a><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<h2>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.7491961414790996\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1244\" height=\"787\" style=\"width: 475px;height: 352px;\" width=\"1061\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-678eb92c78802f211c0af9f45748e2fb.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe2\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u68af<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e09\u7ea7\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u5173\u8054\uff08Association\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u662f\u5e72\u9884\uff08Intervention\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u9884\u6216\u884c\u52a8\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5178\u578b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4ef7\u683c\u7ffb\u500d\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\u662f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff08Counterfactual\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u6eaf\u56e0\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Pearl \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u4e09\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\uff0c\u628a\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u6309\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8be5\u5206\u7c7b\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u5c42\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u67d0\u5c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8be5\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u9876\u5c42\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5c42\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u6709\u5173\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e72\u9884\u95ee\u9898\uff1aWhat will happen if we double the price? \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u56de\u7b54\uff1aWhat would happen had the price been twice its current value? \u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u5e72\u9884\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u5173\u8054\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5e72\u9884\u52a8\u4f5c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e72\u9884\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u51ed\u89c2\u6d4b\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff09\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u6eaf\u56e0\u7684\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u7528\u5e72\u9884\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u5224\u5b9a\u88ab\u544a\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u8d1f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5224\u5b9a\u6709\u7f6a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u636e\u662f \u2014\u2014\u201c\u82e5\u975e\u201d\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u5c31\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u201c<span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u82e5\u975e<\/span>\u201d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u542b\u4e49\u8981\u6c42\u5c06\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0e\u88ab\u544a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u67d0\u884c\u4e3a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u7528\u4e2a\u66f4\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u201c<span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5403\u4e86\u836f\u6b7b\u4e86<\/span>\u201d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u5403\u836f\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b7b\u7684\u6982\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7406\u89e3<strong>\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u9700\u8981\u6293\u4f4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a8d\u95e8\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u533a\u5206 seeing \u548c doing \u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u4fbf\u5229\u5e97\u4e2d\u201d\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u7ffb\u500d\u201c\u548c\u201c\u5e97\u4e3b\u5f3a\u5236\u8ba9\u67d0\u5546\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u7ffb\u500d\u201d\u5b58\u5728\u533a\u522b\u3002Pearl \u53d1\u660e\u4e86 do \u7b97\u5b50\u6765\u6570\u5b66\u5316\u8868\u793a\u5e72\u9884\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u5b83\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u533a\u5206 seeing \u548c doing\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.15780141843971632\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"564\" height=\"41\" width=\"200\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-3d7a92bd8f08bc59abb869fa3551f717.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u7528\u6587\u732e[5]\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u683c\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8868\u683c\u7684\u884c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u5217\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u88681\uff1a\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.32209737827715357\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"801\" height=\"120\" style=\"width: 482px;height: 146px;\" width=\"789\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-c5202d8c3ba2b5b9cf526987094e2b69.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u6709\u5173\u8054\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u5e72\u9884\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7f51\u7edc\u56e0\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u5e72\u9884\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u5173\u8054\u5c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6700\u540e\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u793a\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u8d70\u5411\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5f53\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u5efa\u6a21\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0cD.B &nbsp;Rubin\uff081976\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684 Potential Outcome Framework \u548c Judea Pearl \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b(SCM)\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u7528\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f Potential Outcome \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e SCM \u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u5b83\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u6096\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7528\u836f\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u836f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <strong>Experimental causality<\/strong>\u3002\u7528\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4f30\u8ba1\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56f0\u96be\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5047\u5b9a\uff08Ignorability\uff09\u4e0b\u8be5\u56f0\u96be\u53ef\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u9664\u56e0\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u504f\u5dee\uff0cDebias \u662f\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u56e0\u679c\u5efa\u6a21\u548c Debias\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u533b\u7597\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5df2\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u56e0\u679c\u56fe\uff0c\u628a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4ee3\u8868\u56e0\u679c\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u5728\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u53ea\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e74\u9f84\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u662f Coarse-graining\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u7ed3\u6784\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.47896039603960394\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"808\" height=\"309\" style=\"width: 480px;height: 230px;\" width=\"808\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-93f9758a37b896dcfa1a52614ea76512.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>\u56fe3\uff1a\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e2d\u610f\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong><\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56fe\u4e2d\uff08a\uff09\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u7ec4\u6c47\u603b\u7684Covid-19\u75c5\u6b7b\u7387\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u622a\u81f3\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u786e\u8bca\u75c5\u4f8b\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u75c5\u4f8b\uff08\u89c1\u56fe\u4f8b\uff09\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u5404\u5e74\u9f84\u7ec4\uff08a\uff09\u6240\u5305\u62ec\u75c5\u4f8b\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f 50-59 \u5c81\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u662f 70-79 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5bb9\u6613\u6b7b\u7684\u90fd\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u76f4\u89c2\u611f\u89c9\u7684\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u753b\u51fa\u56e0\u679c\u56fe\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08Country\uff09\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\uff08Age\uff09\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff08Mortality\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u5230\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u753b\u5728\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0cC\u4ee3\u8868\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0cA\u4ee3\u8868\u5e74\u9f84\uff0cM\u4ee3\u8868\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u91cc\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5e74\u9f84\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u53d8\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e74\u9f84\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u4ecb\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5206\u6790\u56fd\u5bb6\u961f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8981\u963b\u65ad\u5e74\u9f84\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span data-shimo-docs=\"[[20,{&quot;gallery&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/uploader.shimo.im\/f\/3GlgbCEnu5iOA2LE.png!thumbnail&quot;},&quot;29:0|30:0|3:&quot;612px&quot;|4:&quot;205px&quot;|crop:&quot;%7B%22translateX%22%3A447%2C%22translateY%22%3A0%2C%22width%22%3A165%2C%22height%22%3A87%2C%22imgWidth%22%3A612%2C%22imgHeight%22%3A205%7D&quot;|frame:&quot;none&quot;|ori-height:&quot;272&quot;|ori-width:&quot;813&quot;&quot;]]\"><\/p>\n<p line=\"rVYc\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height: 1.7;margin-bottom: 0pt;margin-top: 0pt;font-size: 11pt;color: #494949;\"><span line-inline=\"PU2x\">&nbsp;<img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.33456334563345635\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"813\" height=\"107\" width=\"196\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-005ba962e806728f6bad0f43e34932ad.png\"  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p line=\"rVYc\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height: 1.7;margin-bottom: 0pt;margin-top: 0pt;font-size: 11pt;color: #494949;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>\u56fe4\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6-\u5e74\u9f84-\u6b7b\u4ea1\u56e0\u679c\u56de\u8def\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p line=\"rVYc\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height: 1.7;margin-bottom: 0pt;margin-top: 0pt;font-size: 11pt;color: #494949;\"><span line-inline=\"PU2x\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65Do-Calculus\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u5355\u7eaf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u628a\u5e74\u9f84\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u63a7\u5236\u6210\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6765\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.3027681660899654\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1156\" height=\"292\" style=\"width: 462px;height: 125px;\" width=\"1080\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-29f03d73fb312f2dc803936f9729a769.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\uff08<strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);text-align: center;white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u56fe<\/span><\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7ed3\u679c\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c11 0.8%\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u5e74\u9f84\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u533b\u7597\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img data-croporisrc=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/wibWV1DB7tWJ1SpGYKIAwmn6jmXWgqgdeHibVmx8tqSAudUSsBPoanjhAvbLib5CRMJliaMYEXMkabMJS0zspTJia7A\/640?wx_fmt=png\" data-cropx1=\"0\" data-cropx2=\"809\" data-cropy1=\"0\" data-cropy2=\"201.17229129662522\" data-ratio=\"0.24721878862793573\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"809\" style=\"width: 417px;height: 103px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-c0baa24733724361ac938768ab5aaab9.jpeg\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);text-align: center;white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff08<strong>\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u56fe<\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0<strong>\u603b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94 + \u95f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.1643835616438356\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"730\" height=\"101\" style=\"height: 82px;width: 498px;\" width=\"710\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-511fa0ba2e4e2409349d365a245db4b3.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong><strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);text-align: center;white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff08<strong>\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u56fe<\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd9\u91cc NDE\uff08Natural direct effect\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u603b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94 + \u95f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u7ebf\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff1a\u603b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7b49\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94 + \u95f4\u63a5\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u201c\u953b\u70bc\u8eab\u4f53\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\uff1f\u201d\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0cx\u8f74\u8868\u793a\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cy\u8f74\u8868\u793a\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.6680327868852459\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"976\" height=\"484\" style=\"width: 419px;height: 287px;\" width=\"861\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-d530f259536ac645478522d28aff5260.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"7GFr\" linespacing=\"115\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe5\uff1a\u953b\u70bc\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p line=\"7GFr\" linespacing=\"115\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u56fe\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e74\u9f84\u7ec4\u4e2d\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u786e\u6709\u964d\u4f4e\u4eba\u4f53\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u56fe\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f9d\u636e\u5e74\u9f84\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f97\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u4eba\u4f53\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u6c34\u5e73\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u77db\u76fe\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\u88ab\u6210\u4e3a\u8f9b\u666e\u68ee\u6096\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u89c1\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u56fe\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u953b\u70bc\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u953b\u70bc\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u628a\u5e74\u9f84\u8003\u8651\u8fdb\u53bb\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f0f\u5b50\u6240\u793a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img data-croporisrc=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/wibWV1DB7tWJsFfz6KwYlCZQn57HrJFhD9O1Efd17BHlXKuBiaSL1gurOE74mBjgFuVQFC88XIzujXicZMgpmKoGg\/640?wx_fmt=png\" data-cropx1=\"79.79646017699115\" data-cropx2=\"508\" data-cropy1=\"0\" data-cropy2=\"159.5929203539823\" data-ratio=\"0.3706293706293706\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"429\" style=\"width: 381px;height: 142px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-353332f24dc05c94e7b55e9da475c49d.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"nnhZ\" linespacing=\"115\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>\u56fe6\uff1a\u953b\u70bc\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u56fe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p line=\"nnhZ\" linespacing=\"115\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong><br  \/><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u9009\u62e9\u953b\u70bc\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0pt 8px;font-size: 11pt;color: rgb(73, 73, 73);text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.6603448275862069\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"580\" height=\"47\" width=\"428\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-5098065d2480fdb553f223a1ab05ac60.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"line-height: 115%;margin: 0pt 8px;font-size: 11pt;color: rgb(73, 73, 73);text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.6603448275862069\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"580\" height=\"48\" width=\"178\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-c4a93c8fe47bea1d6e1484f4e4dc065c.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u524d\u9762\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff01\u953b\u70bc\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u533b\u7597\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94 Pearl \u7684 Tool 2 \u548c Tool 4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Pearl \u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u4e03\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 1. Encoding causal assumptions in transparent and testable way.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 2. Predicting the effects of actions and policies.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 3. Computing counterfactuals and finding causes of effects (attribution,explanation, susceptibility).<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 4. Computing direct and indirect effects (Mediation) (discrimination, inequities,fairness)<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 5. Integrating data from diverse sources (external validity and selection bias).<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 6. Recovering from missing data.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Tool 7. Discovering causal relations from data<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6700\u540e\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u504f\u5dee\u505a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6df7\u6742\u56e0\u5b50\u5f15\u8d77\u7684 Confounding bias, \u6570\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u7279\u70b9\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684 Section bias \u548c Measurement bias\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<h1>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u4e09\u3001Causal AI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<\/h1>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u671d\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e09\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u662f UCLA \u6559\u6388 Judea Pearl\uff0c \u9a6c\u666e\u667a\u80fd\u6240\u6240\u957f Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf\uff0cMila \u6240\u957f Yoshua Bengio\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4 Judea Pearl \u662f Causal AI \u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\uff0cBernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u7b49\u4eba\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86 Causality for Machine Learning\uff0cYoshua Bengio \u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 System 2 deep learning \u4f5c\u4e3a Causal AI \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.3272519954389966\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"877\" height=\"273\" style=\"width: 479px;height: 158px;\" width=\"877\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-2f3308e63df7c8d54f23abd9f74bf6f3.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"dNBa\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe7\uff1aJudea Pearl, Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf, Yoshua Bengio<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Judea Pearl \uff1a\u8ba9 AI \u5177\u5907\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 16px;\"><strong><br  \/><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Judea Pearl \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5c0f\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0cPearl \u8ba4\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u600e\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5fc5\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u50cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u8868\u5f81\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5c0f\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u793a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u4f7f\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\uff1fPearl \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u68af\u6765\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5c42\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u66f2\u7ebf\u62df\u5408\uff09\u3002\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.5925563173359452\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1021\" height=\"auto\" width=\"1021\" style=\"width: 485px;height: 288px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-aee1cc022fd1329de63ac1dc619e25f4.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"QHw6\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\u56fe8\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8be5\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u5c06\u5047\u8bbe\uff08\u4ee5\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3001\u6570\u636e\u548c Query \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u51fa\u662f Estimand, Estimate \u548c Fit Indices\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4f30\u8ba1\u5f0f\uff08Estimand\uff09&nbsp;\u662f\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Query\uff09\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u6a21\u578b\u5047\u5b9a\u4e0b\u8ba1\u7b97 Query \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Estimate \u662f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5df2\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5bf9 Estimand \u6982\u7387\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\uff1b<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e00\u7ec4\u62df\u5408\u6307\u6807\uff08Fit Indices\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u8f83\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u6709\u6a21\u578b\u5047\u5b9a\u4e0b\u67d0 Query \u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 Estimand\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u8be5 Query \u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u201d\uff0cPearl \u7684 do-calculus \u5c31\u662f\u5224\u65ad Query \u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u6f14\u7b97\u5de5\u5177\u3002Pearl \u4ec5\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u5f15\u64ce\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6df7\u6742\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u504f\u5dee\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003 Elia Bareinboim \u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300aCausal Inference and Data-Fusion in Econometrics, P. H\u00fcnermund, E. Bareinboim.Dec, 2019. \u300b<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u8981 Pearl \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff08SCM\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff08SCM\uff09\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u5e72\u9884\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u56e0\u679c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u5e72\u9884\u903b\u8f91\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u9610\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u4ee5\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.6908866995073891\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"812\" height=\"523\" style=\"width: 475px;height: 328px;\" width=\"778\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-9690408fb7b4510350cb8c55c90072c2.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u56fe9\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e0b\u9762\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8349\u576a\u6e7f\u6da6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\uff1a\u6c14\u5019\u3001\u4e0b\u96e8\u3001\u6d12\u6c34\u673a\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u6c14\u5019\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u96e8\uff0c\u4e0b\u96e8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6e7f\u6da6\uff0c\u6c14\u5019\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6d12\u6c34\u673a\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6d12\u6c34\u673a\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8349\u576a\u6e7f\u6da6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u4ee3\u8868\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u56fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6761\u7f3a\u7684\u8fb9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6709\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u548c\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898 Q \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u5224\u5b9a Q \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u56de\u7b54\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u5176 Estimand\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cPearl \u7684 Do-calculus \u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u51c6\u5219 D-separation \uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.3102803738317757\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1070\" height=\"319\" style=\"width: 497px;height: 158px;\" width=\"1010\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-1c3f908adb166156a1e7a4a26bd8e6fc.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);text-align: center;white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff08<strong>\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u56fe<\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\">\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e0e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u4e5f\u88ab Pearl \u6210\u4e3a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.24552160168598525\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"949\" height=\"auto\" width=\"949\" style=\"width: 518px;height: 127px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-03f4133024bbcd1b8f140f85035e0e9e.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>\u56fe10\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\">Do-Causalus \u662f\u5f97\u5230 Estimands \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4 Do-Causalus \u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6709 do \u7b97\u5b50\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u589e\u5220 Actions \u548c Observations\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.6936936936936937\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1110\" height=\"601\" style=\"width: 491px;height: 354px;\" width=\"980\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-86138a953c19da998234b3b6fe8f77ec.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;text-align: justify;\">\u56fe11\uff1aDo-Causalus \uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u7406<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5173\u4e8e\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.17325800376647835\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"531\" height=\"auto\" width=\"531\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-99ea80e657fa74a93bcda7bd4d9bedf0.png\"  \/><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.19433962264150945\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"530\" height=\"91\" width=\"530\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-a99c9706e7b49a57c3930985649b7ef7.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);text-align: center;white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\uff08<strong>\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u56fe<\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\">\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff08SCM\uff09\u662f AI \u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7528\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5efa\u6a21\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684 Pontential Outcome \u6846\u67b6\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5e72\u9884\u4e3b\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8868\u793a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1bPontential Outcome \u901a\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u5403\u836f\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5403\u836f\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">SCM \u662f\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c Potential Outcome \u4e00\u822c\u56de\u7b54\u5e72\u9884\u5c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b \u5c06 SCM \u548c Pontential Outcome\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.22055427251732102\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"866\" height=\"117px\" width=\"531px\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-931dbdd1d62f41f33b4c766d16eb049b.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>\u56fe12\uff1a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/strong><\/span><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Mx\u5e72\u9884\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0cYx\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">SCM\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u63cf\u8ff0\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u8868\u793a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<h2>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Bernhard \u4e0e Bengio\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 16px;\"><strong><br  \/><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Pearl \u6307\u51fa\u4e86 Causal AI \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c0f\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u8303\u5f0f\uff0cBernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u53ca\u5176\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u63a8\u8fdb Causal &nbsp;AI &nbsp;\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.49038461538461536\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1248\" height=\"530\" style=\"width: 513px;height: 263px;\" width=\"1030\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-fa092e4d8437fb6d7d713935d771e7f0.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"Q1SN\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe13\uff1aBernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u53ca\u5176 Google Scholar<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ed6\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u300aCausality for Machine Learning\u300b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u8bba\u6587\u88ab Pearl \u4eb2\u81ea\u70b9\u8d5e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><span data-shimo-docs=\"[[20,{&quot;gallery&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/uploader.shimo.im\/f\/sMKCutacVFAGeYi4.png!thumbnail&quot;},&quot;29:0|30:0|3:&quot;837&quot;|4:&quot;auto&quot;|crop:&quot;&quot;|frame:&quot;none&quot;|ori-height:&quot;793&quot;|ori-width:&quot;837&quot;&quot;]]\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages\" data-ratio=\"0.9474313022700119\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"837\" style=\"width: 445px;height: 422px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-f5f81610365a12a010dc2b9fd4602ecd.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p line=\"GT4v\" style=\"line-height: 1.7;margin-bottom: 0pt;margin-top: 0pt;font-size: 11pt;color: #494949;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6458\u8981\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\uff1a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u96be\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u95ee\u9898\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570 AI \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5173\u8054\u5c42\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u66f2\u7ebf\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u4e2d\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e24\u6b21\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u4fe1\u606f\u9769\u547d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u50cf\u80fd\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u9769\u547d\u5e26\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u5411\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570 AI \u7cfb\u7edf\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u66f2\u7ebf\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u72ec\u7acb\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7406\u8bba\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u8de8\u95ee\u9898\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-decoration: underline;\">AAA-Why 2019 https:\/\/why19.causalai.net\/<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u6709\u5173\u8054\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u5e72\u9884\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7f51\u7edc\u53ea\u6709\u5e72\u9884\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u5173\u8054\u5c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u53cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6700\u540e\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u793a\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4ece\u4e0b\u9762\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u8d70\u5411\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u88682\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u8d70\u5411\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.32209737827715357\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"801\" height=\"119\" style=\"width: 514px;height: 166px;\" width=\"736\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-d93209e66374476da1324341d5a1b6c6.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u5b83\u5185\u5bb9\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\u539f\u5219\uff08Independent Causal Mechanisms \uff08ICM\uff09Principle\uff09\u3001 \u56e0\u679c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53d8\u6027\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u534a\u5144\u5f1f\u56de\u5f52\u548c\u7cfb\u5916\u884c\u661f\u68c0\u6d4b\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff09\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u8868\u793a\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u4e2a\u4eba\u56e0\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u548c Judea Pearl, Yoshua Bengio \u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">2001\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u542c\u5230 Judea Pearl \u62a5\u544a\u30022004\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e0\u679c\u59cb\u4e8e Dominik Janzing \u53ca\u5176\u5b66\u751f Xiaohai Sun\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002Sch\u00f6lkopf \u5bf9 Pearl\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u5370\u8c61\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u4ed6\u4eb2\u81ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0e Pearl \u78b0\u649e\u7684\u539f\u6587\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><span data-shimo-docs=\"[[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;LNCB&quot;&quot;],[20,&quot;I recall his talk, formalizing an area of scientific inquiry that I had previously considered solidly part of the realm of philosophy. &quot;,&quot;8:1&quot;],[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;jhnL&quot;|bullet-id:&quot;VOFD&quot;|bullet:&quot;circle&quot;&quot;],[20,&quot;Judea Pearl, another giant of our still young field of AI&quot;,&quot;8:1&quot;],[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;Wb7b&quot;|bullet-id:&quot;VOFD&quot;|bullet:&quot;circle&quot;&quot;],[20,&quot;Judea left me with a lasting impression as someone who has mastered not just technicalities, but has gained access to profound philosophical understanding.&quot;,&quot;8:1&quot;],[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;YKvD&quot;|bullet-id:&quot;VOFD&quot;|bullet:&quot;circle&quot;&quot;]]\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">I recall his talk, formalizing an area of scientific inquiry that I had previously considered solidly part of the realm of philosophy.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Judea Pearl, another giant of our still young field of AI.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Judea left me with a lasting impression as someone who has mastered not just technicalities, but has gained access to profound philosophical understanding.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u603b\u7ed3\u6765\u8bf4\u662f Pearl \u5728\u628a\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u79d1\u5b66\u5316\uff0c\u662f AI \u9886\u57df\u7684\u5de8\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6709\u6280\u672f\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5728 CIFAR \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb Yoshua Bengio \u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u59cb\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u539f\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><span data-shimo-docs=\"[[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;OvM9&quot;|33:1&quot;],[20,&quot; &quot;],[20,&quot;I recall a number of discussions with Yoshua Bengio when I was a member of the review panel and advisory board of the CIFAR program.&quot;,&quot;8:1&quot;],[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;JXpI&quot;|33:1|bullet-id:&quot;e8mk&quot;|bullet:&quot;circle&quot;&quot;],[20,&quot;Our opinions have since then converged, and research has started to appear that combines both fields&quot;,&quot;8:1&quot;],[20,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;24:&quot;qTL8&quot;|33:1|bullet-id:&quot;e8mk&quot;|bullet:&quot;circle&quot;&quot;]]\"><\/p>\n<ul start=\"2\" class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">I recall a number of discussions with Yoshua Bengio when I was a member of the review panel and advisory board of the CIFAR program.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Our opinions have since then converged, and research has started to appear that combines both fields.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u540e\u6765 Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf &amp; Yoshua Bengio \u5408\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Bengio et al., 2019; Goyal et al., 2019; Locatello et al., 2018a; Suter et al., 2018; Goudet et al., 2017\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u7814\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<ol class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Beyond Curve Fitting: Causation, Counterfactuals, and Imagination-based AI\uff0c AAAI Spring Symposium, March 25-27, 2019, Stanford, CA&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">https:\/\/why19.causalai.net\/<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">The Machine Learning Summer School 28 June &#8211; 10 July 2020 (virtual) by the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, T\u00fcbingen, Germany&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Yoshua Bengio \u56e0\u5176\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u548c Yahn Lecun, Geoffrey Hinton \u4e00\u8d77\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86 2019 \u56fe\u7075\u5956\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f CIFAR \u9879\u76ee\u4e0e Bernhard Sch\u00f6lkopf \u5171\u4e8b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6162\u6162\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86 AI \u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img class=\"rich_pages\" data-ratio=\"0.5032786885245901\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"610\" style=\"\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-263a4ef5b34b5407eb3fc2c5bf23a83c.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\n<p line=\"xBHN\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe14\uff1aYoshua Bengio \u53ca\u5176 Google Scholar<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p line=\"xBHN\" style=\"line-height: 1.7;margin-bottom: 0pt;margin-top: 0pt;font-size: 11pt;color: rgb(73, 73, 73);\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4ed6\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u6709\u5173\u8bba\u6587\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Javed K, White M, Bengio Y. Learning Causal Models Online[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.07461, 2020.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Priol R L, Harikandeh R B, Bengio Y, et al. An Analysis of the Adaptation Speed of Causal Models[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.09136, 2020.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Ke N R, Bilaniuk O, Goyal A, et al. Learning neural causal models from unknown interventions[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.01075, 2019.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Bengio Y, Deleu T, Rahaman N, et al. A meta-transfer objective for learning to disentangle causal mechanisms[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.10912, 2019.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Goyal A, Lamb A, Hoffmann J, et al. Recurrent independent mechanisms[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.10893, 2019.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b Bengio \u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-decoration: underline;\">https:\/\/yoshuabengio.org\/research\/<\/span><\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">how to go&nbsp;<strong>beyond the iid hypothesis&nbsp;<\/strong>(and more generally the assumption that the test cases come from the same distribution as the training set), so we can build more versatile AIs robust to changes in their environment.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">a hypothesis I explore is that an important ingredient to achieve this kind of out-of-distribution robustness is the kind of systematic generalization which system 2 (i.e., conscious) processing provides to humans.&nbsp;<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><strong>causal learning<\/strong>&nbsp;(i.e. figuring out what are the causal variables and how they are causally related), as this is a crucial part of understanding how the world works,<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">modularizing knowledge&nbsp;so it can be factorized into pieces that can be&nbsp;<strong>re-used for fast transfer&nbsp;<\/strong>and adaptation,<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">how agents can purposefully&nbsp;<strong>act to better understand&nbsp;<\/strong>their environment and seek knowledge, i.e., actively explore to learn,<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><strong>grounded language learning<\/strong>, as well as how neural networks could tackle system 2 cognitive tasks (such as reasoning, planning, imagination, etc) and how that can help a learner figure out high-level representations on both the perception and action sides.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bf9\u6bd4\u300a\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5feb\u4e0e\u6162\u300b\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u5feb\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6162\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4eba\u8111\u6162\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 System 2 Deep Learning\uff0c\u505a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6c34\u5e73\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;text-decoration: underline;\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1UT118pX3DzePaEEwj1tlaznqwHICSzhG\/view<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.5535714285714286\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1120\" height=\"579\" style=\"width: 504px;height: 278px;\" width=\"1050\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-c1d765d2e0de7e43e77dbb07bf92695a.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe15: System 2 Deep Learning<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Bengio \u6307\u51fa\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1aSystem1\u662f\u76f4\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u975e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e3b\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1bSystem2\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3001\u5e26\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u63a8\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u672a\u6765\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9700\u8981\u7740\u91cd\u8003\u8651\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5176\u5f53\u524d\u76f8\u5bf9\u96f6\u788e\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u6b63\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u7edf\u4e00\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u805a\u7126\u3002Pearl \u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u68af\u5e2e\u52a9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u7b54\u56e0\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u9769\u547d\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u6df7\u6742\u504f\u5dee\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u504f\u5dee\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u504f\u5dee\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002AI \u4e2d\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7684 Causal AI \u5c06\u52a9\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u76f8\u5173\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u96be\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u4e5f\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u610f\u5927\u5229\u65b0\u51a0\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7528\u8be5\u4f8b\u5b50\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u7406\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u6587\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u8bf7\u626b\u5f00\u5934\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u6216\u8005\u70b9\u51fb\u6587\u672b\u201c<span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;\">\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587<\/span>\u201d\u83b7\u53d6\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\" data-type=\"2\" data-url=\"\" data-author-name=\"\" data-content-utf8-length=\"23\" data-source-title=\"\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\u8bb2\u8005\uff1a\u9f9a\u9e64\u626c<br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\u6574\u7406\uff1a\u5f20\u598d<br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\u5ba1\u6821\uff1a\u5218\u57f9\u6e90<br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\">\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u5f20\u723d<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"clear: both;min-height: 1em;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u89c6\u9891\u56de\u653e<span style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p><br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5728\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u9f9a\u9e64\u626c\u5728\u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u5f55\u64ad\u89c6\u9891\u5df2\u4e0a\u7ebf\u3002<\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img class=\"rich_pages\" data-ratio=\"0.4585201793721973\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"892\" style=\"\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-6de1700463b1c1bb27a0766108f24eee.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><strong>https:\/\/campus.swarma.org\/course\/1776?from=wechat<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<h2 style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u201c\u9762\u5411\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\u7cfb\u5217\u95ed\u95e8\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u62a5\u540d\u4e2d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\"><\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e3b\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><\/span><\/section>\n<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;width: 577.747px;white-space: normal;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 1.75em;\">\u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4e3a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u662f\u95ed\u95e8\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9009\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u64ad\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><\/span><\/section>\n<h3 style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ece7\u67085\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u65e5\u665a\u4e0a 19:00-20:30\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba1 2-3 \u4e2a\u6708\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u53c2\u4e0e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u62a5\u540d\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u62a5\u540d\u5165\u53e3\u53ca\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247509836&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=415d8a242a032897a547eba5195c4e8f&amp;chksm=e897fdc1dfe074d70c52e3221527e35135b05b712a0e2db131014d15a23ecdd98760c8b73001&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u95ed\u95e8\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u62db\u52df\uff1a\u9762\u5411\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76 | \u96c6\u667a\u51ef\u98ce\u7814\u8bfb\u8425-\u9884\u5907\u8425<\/a><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mid=\"t4\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-top: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;display: flex;-webkit-box-pack: center;justify-content: center;-webkit-box-align: center;align-items: center;\">\n<section data-preserve-color=\"t\" data-mid=\"\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"padding-right: 30px;padding-left: 30px;min-width: 60px;text-align: center;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(232, 230, 230);\">\n<section data-mid=\"\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(123, 12, 0);transform: translate(0px, 2px);border-top-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-left-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);border-right-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><span mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 16px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" mpa-is-content=\"t\" style=\"border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247506966&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=4a77e194848fde84154ee906826e0fb5&amp;chksm=e897869bdfe00f8d638a21570f9d11786f8d5bdff359731ecb608bd490227e759c437278634b&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"font-size: 14px;text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u56e0\u679c\u89c2\u5ff5\u65b0\u9769\u547d\uff1f\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\uff0c\u89e3\u8bfb\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6697\u56e0\u679c<\/span><\/strong><\/a><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247500714&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f1edec0d7a4ea551e1a75e5cea470060&amp;chksm=e8979927dfe0103134a871b591329319716b9aaee97822a9c09b69c716e13fe414e17d445665&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"font-size: 14px;text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247500394&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=06c5c3579b538ff8d960af0db6edbba5&amp;chksm=e89798e7dfe011f1a01f720f6d0bf67486534a51ca23a1912864d7302e1c80eabcdef7df7f34&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"font-size: 14px;text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Science\u7ecf\u5178\u8bba\u6587\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u6d4b\u590d\u6742\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/a><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247502752&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=4ceaf4f227a4f7065b3cd256a2022552&amp;chksm=e897912ddfe0183b570a12e6b40212e33b76a95c54abe6e10afe7069acb9f6236bd39ccf8cda&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section data-mpa-template=\"t\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"white-space: normal;\">\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"1398939\" data-mpa-color=\"null\" data-mpa-category=\"\u6536\u85cf\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"1345806\" data-mpa-color=\"null\" data-mpa-category=\"fav\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: medium;\">\n<p><br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/p>\n<hr style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 17px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"  \/>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 17px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;\"><img data-ratio=\"0.9191011235955057\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"445\" width=\"100%\"  style=\"letter-spacing: 0.5px;visibility: visible !important;width: 64px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-f8813a24c65fe26cf82889d1466d1718.gif\"  \/><br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/p>\n<p><br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/p>\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"5969\" data-mpa-color=\"#ffffff\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 17px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"83535\" data-mpa-color=\"#ffffff\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;line-height: 25.6px;text-align: center;outline: none medium;\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"5969\" data-mpa-color=\"#ffffff\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;line-height: 25.6px;outline: none medium;\">\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"83535\" data-mpa-color=\"#ffffff\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"outline: none medium;\">\n<section data-mpa-template=\"\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;font-size: 15px;outline: none medium;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"line-height: 25.6px;border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 1.5em;\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);border-color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 1.5em;\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org<br mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"  \/><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<section data-mpa-template-id=\"5969\" data-mpa-color=\"#ffffff\" mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;outline: none medium;\">\n<h1 style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"font-size: 14px;white-space: pre-wrap;color: rgb(0, 112, 192);line-height: 25.6px;\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"line-height: 28px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(61, 170, 214);font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><span style=\"color: rgb(255, 76, 0);\">\u25c6&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 128, 255);\">\u25c6&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(61, 170, 214);\">\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;font-size: 19px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);line-height: 23.2727px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(123, 12, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;font-size: 19px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);line-height: 23.2727px;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;font-size: 19px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);line-height: 23.2727px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"><strong mpa-from-tpl=\"t\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<section mpa-from-tpl=\"t\" style=\"margin-right: 0.5em;margin-left: 0.5em;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(71, 193, 168);line-height: 20px;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 5px auto;padding: 10px;width: 180px;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgb(132, 132, 132);line-height: normal;\"><img data-copyright=\"0\" data-cropselx1=\"0\" data-cropselx2=\"156\" data-cropsely1=\"0\" data-cropsely2=\"156\" data-ratio=\"1\" data-s=\"300,640\" data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1125\"  style=\"visibility: visible !important;width: 156px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/wxsync-2020-08-8d63ba433b859b930f684933c607651c.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;font-size: 15px;font-weight: 700;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\ud83d\udc47\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6 Casual AI \u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u8d44\u6e90\u5217\u8868<span style=\"font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bed \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\uff1f\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b3\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u5408\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6574\u7406\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5728\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u9f9a\u9e64\u626c\u5728\u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u5408\u96c6\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u56de\u653e\u8be6\u89c1\u540e\u6587\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u81ea\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20568"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20568"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20568\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20568"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=20568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}