{"id":21036,"date":"2020-09-15T22:53:18","date_gmt":"2020-09-15T14:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=21036"},"modified":"2020-09-15T22:53:18","modified_gmt":"2020-09-15T14:53:18","slug":"%e5%a5%b9%e6%98%af%e5%a5%a0%e5%9f%ba%e6%a0%b8%e8%a3%82%e5%8f%98%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%e7%9a%84%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e5%ae%b6%ef%bc%8c%e5%8d%b4%e6%8b%92%e7%bb%9d%e4%ba%86%e6%9b%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=21036","title":{"rendered":"\u5979\u662f\u5960\u57fa\u201c\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5374\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ba1\u5212 | \u9648\u5173\u8363"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a2\u7d22\u6838\u80fd\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u7fa4\u661f\u7480\u74a8\uff0c\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\uff08Lise Meitner\uff09\u662f\u8000\u773c\u7684\u4e00\u9897\u3002\u5979\u4ece\u666e\u6717\u514b\u548c\u54c8\u6069\u4e24\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u53c2\u52a0\u5c06\u6838\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u201c\u5979\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u4eba\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9648\u5173\u8363\u64b0\u6587\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6838\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5979\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5965\u5730\u5229\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6838\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5973\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5965\u5730\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u540d\u53eb\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3(Lise Meitner, 1878.11.7-1968.10.27)\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u4e2d\u540e\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4f1f\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7b2c96\u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u9514(Curium\uff0cCm)\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5c45\u91cc\u592b\u5987(Curie)\uff0c\u7b2c 99 \u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u953f(Einsteinium\uff0cEs) \u7eaa\u5ff5\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766(Einstein)\uff0c\u7b2c 104 \u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u9229(Rutherfordium\uff0cRf)\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5362\u745f\u798f (Rutherford)\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u30021994 \u5e74 5 \u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u628a\u7b2c 109 \u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u4951(Meitnerium\uff0cMt)\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\uff081878-1968\uff09
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1878 \u5e74 11 \u6708 7 \u65e5\uff0c\u8389\u6cfd\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5965\u5730\u5229\u9996\u90fd\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u4e00\u4f4d\u72b9\u592a\u5f8b\u5e08\u5bb6\u91cc\uff0c\u5c0f\u540d\u53eb\u7231\u4e3d\u65af (Elise)\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u516b\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u4e2d\u6392\u884c\u7b2c\u4e09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u5973\u751f\u5165\u5b66\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3 \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u79c1\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u5c31\u8bfb\u30021901 \u5e74\u5979\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bd5\u5728\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e2d\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u8fdb\u5165\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u7814\u8bfb\u7269\u7406\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u3002<\/span>\u5927\u5b66\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5728\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u00b7\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc(Ludwig Boltzmann)\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7269\u7406\u30021906 \u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u4ee5\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u70ed\u5bfc\u300b\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5973\u535a\u58eb(\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Elsa Neumann\uff0c1899 \u5e74)\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u30021907 \u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u6765\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u9996\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\uff0c\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u7687\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u7814\u7a76\u9662(Kaiser Wilhelm Institute)\u7814\u4e60\u3002\u5979\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u666e\u6717\u514b(Max Planck)\u548c\u540e\u6765\u5408\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u54c8\u6069(Otio Hahn\uff0c1879- 1968)\u3002\u54c8\u6069\u662f\u4e24\u4f4d\u82f1\u56fd\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u62c9\u59c6\u9f50(William Ramsay)\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u548c\u5362\u745f\u798f (Ernest Rutherford)\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5f53\u65f6\u4e5f\u56e0\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u5143\u7d20\u800c\u540d\u58f0\u9e4a\u8d77\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5973\u5b50\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u63a5\u53d7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u62c5\u4efb\u9ad8\u7b49\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u201c\u65e0\u85aa\u52a9\u624b\u201d\u8eab\u4efd\u5728\u54c8\u6069\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u4e60\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u54c8\u6069\u5408\u4f5c\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6109\u5feb\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u8bf4:\u201c\u54c8\u6069\u548c\u6211\u5e74\u7eaa\u76f8\u4eff\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u62d8\u5c0f\u8282\u3002\u6211\u5bdf\u89c9\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6211\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u91cf\u5730\u53bb\u8be2\u95ee\u4ed6\u3002\u51b5\u4e14\u4ed6\u5728\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u9886\u57df\u58f0\u8a89\u5353\u8457\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u80fd\u591f\u6559\u6211\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u95ee\u3002\u201d\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u53c2\u52a0\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0e\u54c8\u6069\u8054\u540d\u53d1\u8868\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u8868\u660e\uff0c1908\u5e74\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86 3 \u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u63a5\u7740 1909 \u5e74\u53c8\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u8868\u4e86 6 \u7bc7\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u95f4\u65ad\u8fc7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u54c8\u6069\u548c\u8fc8\u7279\u94a0\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u7687\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c<\/span><\/p>\n


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1912 \u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u4efb\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u52a9\u6559\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u6539\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4:\u201c\u4ed6\u5f88\u4eb2\u5207 \u5730\u63a5\u7eb3\u4e86\u6211\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u8fd8\u9080\u8bf7\u6211\u5230\u4ed6\u5bb6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u524d\u5f80\u62dc\u8bbf\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4:\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u535a\u58eb\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e0c\u5180\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462?\u6211\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u66f4\u771f\u786e\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u7269\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u53ea\u8bb2\u4e86\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6c14\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5973\u5b66\u751f\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u9ad8\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u201d\u5728\u666e\u6717\u514b\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4f9d\u7136\u65e0\u85aa\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 1913 \u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u5458\u3002\u666e\u6717\u514b\u662f\u7ee7\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u4e4b\u540e\u5bf9\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4ea7\u751f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u5979\u7684\u826f\u5e08\u76ca\u53cb\u30021914 \u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u54c8\u6069\u5954\u8d74\u524d\u7ebf\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u5bf9\u6bd2\u6c14\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5965\u5730\u5229\u6218\u5730\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5f53\u4e86\u4e00\u540d X \u5149\u68c0\u6d4b\u62a4\u58eb\u5e76\u8d1f\u8d23\u7167\u6599\u4f24\u5175\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1917 \u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u5373\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u56de\u5230\u67cf\u6797\u5e76\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u540c\u65f6\u62c5\u4efb\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u81f3 1938 \u5e74\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c1922 \u5e74\u5979\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c1926 \u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u6388\u3002\u5979\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5973\u6b63\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1918 \u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u6069\u91cd\u8fd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0e\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u540e\u6765 \u5b9a\u4e3a 91 \u53f7\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u5143\u7d20\u9564 Protactinium-231(Pa)\u3002\u8fd9\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u65e9\u5728 1913 \u5e74\u7531\u6ce2\u5170\u7f8e\u7c4d\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u6cd5\u626c\u65af(Kasimir Fajans)\u548c\u52a9\u624b\u6208\u6797(Oswald G<\/span>o\u0308<\/span>hring)\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46 Pa-231 \u662f\u540c\u65cf \u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u5bff\u547d\u6700\u957f\u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u81ea\u5df1\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u03b1\u5c04\u7ebf\u548c\u03b2\u5c04\u7ebf\u7684 \u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u30021924 \u5e74\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6388\u4e88\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3 Leibniz \u5956\u7ae0\u4ee5\u8868\u5f70\u5979\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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1924 \u5e74\u81f3 1938 \u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u54c8\u6069\u4e0e\u4e24\u4f4d\u52a9\u624b\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc(Fritz Strassmann)\u6210\u679c\u7d2f\u7d2f\uff0c\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u79cd\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u8715\u53d8\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5230\u4e86 1938 \u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u5373\u5c06\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5fb7\u56fd\u541e\u5e76\u4e86\u5965\u5730\u5229\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u5e76\u56e0\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\u800c\u751f\u547d\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u5979\u4e8e\u662f\u79bb\u5f00\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u7ecf\u8377\u5170\u548c\u4e39\u9ea6\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u3002\u7ecf\u5c3c\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u73bb\u5c14(Niels Bohr)\u534f\u52a9\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u79d1\u5b66\u9662(Svenska Akademien) \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5de5\u4f5c\u81f3 1946 \u5e74\u30021947 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u7687\u5bb6\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ee7\u7eed\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5979\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u516c\u6c11\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u745e\u5178\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u4e0e\u54c8\u6069\u4e66\u4fe1\u4e0a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u30021938 \u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u91cc\u8bf4\u4ed6\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u201c\u7834\u88c2\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u731c\u6d4b\u94c0(Uranium-239\uff0cU)\u7834\u88c2\u540e\u53d8\u6210\u94a1(Barium\uff0cBa)\u548c\u951d(Technetium\uff0cTc)\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u5f88\u60f3\u542c\u542c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534a\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1939 \u5e74\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u4f84\u5b50\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd(Otto Frisch)\u8054\u540d\u5728\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u5b50\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u94c0\u88c2\u53d8:\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u54c8\u6069\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u201c\u7834\u88c2\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5927\u610f\u662f\uff0c\u88c2\u53d8\u540e\u5404\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7684\u603b\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\u88c2\u53d8\u524d\u7684\u94c0\u6838\u8d28\u91cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u6309\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u516c\u5f0f <\/span>\ud835\udc38 = \ud835\udc5a\ud835\udc50<\/span>2<\/span>\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u88c2\u53d8\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u91ca\u653e\u51fa 2 \u4ebf\u7535\u5b50\u4f0f\u7279\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a TNT \u7206\u70b8\u65f6\u6240\u91ca\u653e\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u4e8c\u5343\u4e07\u500d\u3002\u5979\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u505afission\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e86\u201c\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u201d(nuclear fission)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u65e9\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u77e5\u9053\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6781\u5176\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf\u7684 \u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5c06\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u544a\u8bc9\u73bb\u5c14\u540e\uff0c\u73bb\u5c14\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u9519\u5931\u4e86\u826f\u673a\u800c\u987f\u8db3\u4e0d\u5df2:\u201c\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u8822\u5440!\u201d\u5f53\u65f6\u73bb\u5c14\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u6fc0\u52a8\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u803d\u8bef\u4e86\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8f6e\u8239\u3002\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u73bb\u5c14\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6069\u5229\u514b\u00b7\u8d39\u7c73(Enrico Fermi)\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c1942 \u5e74\u8d39\u7c73\u5c31\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u53ef\u63a7\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u5806\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u73bb\u5c14\uff08\u524d\u5de6\u4e8c\uff09\u548c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\uff08\u524d\u53f3\u4e00\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1939 \u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u4ea4\u6218\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u519b\u4eba\u653f\u5ba2\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u5236\u4f5c\u5a01\u529b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5f00\u59cb\u79d8\u5bc6\u7814\u5236\u30021943 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u63a5\u5230\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u7814\u53d1\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u8ba9\u5979\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7814\u5236\u3002\u5979\u65ad\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\uff0c\u8bf4:\u201c\u6211\u548c\u70b8\u5f39\u6beb\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u81ea\u611f\u6b23\u6170\uff0c\u8bf4:\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e01\u70b9\u6127\u5bf9\u826f\u5fc3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1944 \u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u6069\u8363\u81ba\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u628a\u5177\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e24\u540d\u52a9\u624b\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\u7ed9\u9057\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002\u54c8\u6069\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u7136\u6e05\u695a\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca:\u201c\u6211\u5728\u94c0\u4ea7\u751f\u94a1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u7acb\u5373\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5feb\u8baf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u73bb\u5c14\u7684\u6838\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u91cd\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f7b\u6838\uff0c\u603b\u7535\u8377\u6570\u4e0e\u88c2\u53d8\u524d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u4e5f\u4ece\u5143\u7d20\u8d28\u91cf\u4e8f\u635f\u66f2\u7ebf\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf\u3002…\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8d85\u94c0\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u4ea7\u7269\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8d85\u94c0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5206\u88c2\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u788e\u7247\u3002…\u2018\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u2019\u8fd9\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u81ea\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u3002\u201d\u54c8\u6069\u8fd8\u628a 121,000 \u745e\u5178\u514b\u6717\u5956\u91d1\u4e2d\u7684 10,000 \u514b\u6717\u5206\u7ed9\u4e86\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u628a\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5c06\u8fd9\u7b14\u6b3e\u9879\u5168\u90e8\u6350\u7ed9\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d44\u52a9\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Aid Committee for Atomic Physicists)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u8bf8\u591a\u516c\u4f17\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u63d0\u53ca\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u611f\u5230\u4f24\u5fc3\u3002\u5979\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bf4:\u201c\u5f53\u53d1\u73b0\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u63d0\u8d77\u6211\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u8bb2\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u5408\u4f5c\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u5f53\u96be\u53d7\u201d\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u53cb\u8c0a\u4ece\u6b64\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u88c2\u75d5\u3002\u4f46\u5979\u201c\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f53\u9762\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\u8ba9\u54c8\u6069\u96be\u582a\u7684\u8bdd\u201d\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u88ab\u6570\u6b21\u63d0\u540d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u6b21\u7531\u54c8\u6069\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u90fd\u65e0\u679c\u800c\u7ec8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1945 \u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u54c8\u6069\u591a\u6b21\u9080\u8bf7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u56de\u5fb7\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u90fd\u5a49\u8a00\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u3002\u5979\u548c\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8c\u6218\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0a\u6709\u5206\u6b67:\u54c8\u6069\u5f3a\u8c03\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\u53d7\u5230\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u538b\u8feb\u3001\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5360\u9886\u548c\u6218\u540e\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\uff0c\u800c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5219\u62a8\u51fb\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u5e76\u8c34\u8d23\u5fb7\u56fd\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u707e\u96be\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5979\u5bf9\u54c8\u6069\u6301\u6279\u8bc4\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ee5\u81f3\u56fd\u9645\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u58f0\u671b\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5219\u6162\u6162\u8fdc\u79bb\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u4eba\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u53cd\u5bf9\u5236\u9020\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6838\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u70b9\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u3002\u54c8\u6069\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4e2d\u575a\u79f0\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u7ec8\u751f\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728 1950-1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7ecf\u5e38\u56de\u53bb\u5fb7\u56fd\u53bb\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u4e0d\u65f6\u53bb\u63a2\u8bbf\u54c8\u6069\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u30021962 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u548c\u54c8\u6069\u91cd\u9022\u4e8e\u67cf\u6797\u201c\u54c8\u6069-\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u7b11\u6cef\u6069\u4ec7\u201d\u7167\u7247\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/section>\n
1962\u5e74\u91cd\u9022\u4e8e\u67cf\u6797\u201c\u54c8\u6069-\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n

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1945 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u745e\u5178\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5916\u7c4d\u9662\u58eb\uff0c1951 \u5e74\u5165\u7c4d\u540e\u8f6c\u4e3a\u9662\u58eb\u30021946 \u5e74\uff0c68 \u5c81\u7684\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5e94\u9080\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5230\u54c8\u4f5b\u3001\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u3001\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7b49\u8457\u540d\u9662\u6821\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u987a\u8bbf\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u3001\u8d39\u7c73\u3001\u62c9\u6bd4\u3001\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u3001\u6768\u632f\u5b81\u3001\u674e\u653f\u9053\u7b49\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u5c14\u7b49\u8457\u540d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0e\u65f6\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u5171\u8fdb\u665a\u9910\uff0c\u8fd8\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b0\u95fb\u754c\u8bc4\u4e3a\u201c\u5e74\u5ea6\u5987\u5973\u201d(Woman of the Year)\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5728 1947 \u5e74\u8363\u83b7\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u79d1\u5b66\u5956\u5e76\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u5965\u5730\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u4e8e 1949 \u5e74\u8363\u83b7\u5fb7\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5956\u7ae0\u5e76\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u5916\u7c4d\u9662\u58eb\uff0c1955\u5e74\u83b7\u5fb7\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u4f1a\u54c8\u6069\u5956\uff0c1957 \u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u7279\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6700\u9ad8\u8363\u8a89\u5956\uff0c1960 \u5e74\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u63a8\u9009\u4e3a\u8363\u8a89\u5916\u7c4d\u9662\u58eb\u30021966 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4e0e\u54c8\u6069\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u66fc\u4e09\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u8d39\u7c73\u5956\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u8fd8\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u745e\u5178\u51e0\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5965\u5730\u5229\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u53d1\u578b\u7684\u4e3d\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7eaa\u5ff5\u90ae\u7968<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u4e00\u5411\u7b80\u5355\u5e73\u6de1\u3002\u5979\u7ec8\u751f\u4e0d\u5a5a\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u72ec\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7559\u4e0b\u9038\u4e8b\u7eef\u95fb\u3002\u636e\u54c8\u6069\u548c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5de5\u4f5c\u6781\u5176\u4e13\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u523b\u82e6\u3002\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u8bf4\u8fc7:\u201c\u6211\u7231\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


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1960 \u5e74\uff0c82 \u5c81\u7684\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u79fb\u5c45\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\uff0c\u4e0e\u5979\u4f84\u5b50\u5f17\u91cc\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u4eba\u540c\u4f4f\u30021968 \u5e74 7 \u6708 28\u65e5\uff0c\u54c8\u6069\u901d\u4e16\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u96be\u8fc7\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u574f\u6d88\u606f\u544a\u8bc9\u5979\u3002\u540c\u5e74 10 \u6708 27 \u65e5\uff0c\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4e16\u957f\u8f9e\u4e86\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u4eab\u5e74 90 \u5c81\u3002\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u88ab\u5b89\u846c\u5728\u82f1\u56fd Hampshire \u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6751\u843dBramley \u7684 St. James Parish \u6559\u5802\u5893\u5730\uff0c\u4e0e\u5979 1964 \u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f Walter \u7684\u5893\u76f8\u90bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6709\u611f\u4e8e\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u6bd5\u751f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u548c\u5e73\u5229\u7528\u7531\u5979\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u7269\u7406\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u5728\u5979\u7684\u5893\u7891\u523b\u4e0a\u60bc\u5501:\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5931\u53bb\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d(A physicist who never lost her humanity)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7684\u5893\u7891<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u53bb\u4e16\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6708\u4eae\u548c\u91d1\u661f\u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u547d\u540d\u7684\u571f\u5751\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u7cfb\u7b2c 6999 \u53f7\u5c0f\u884c\u661f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u540d\u5b57\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u30022000 \u5e74\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u6838\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5956\u30022006 \u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u4e5f\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7269\u7406\u5956\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5965\u5730\u5229\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u90fd\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u5b66\u672f\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u6838\u80fd\u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u4ee5\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u6765\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u201c\u6211\u7231\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u3002\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\u7684\u5851\u50cf\uff08\u67cf\u6797\u6d2a\u5821\u5927\u5b66\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u9a71\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u6885\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u8de8\u8d8a\u6570\u7406\u3001\u751f\u6001\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong><\/a>
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\u7edf\u4e00\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f<\/strong><\/a>
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\u9999\u519c\uff1a\u65e0\u7f18\u8bfa\u5956\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e0e22\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u76f8\u9047<\/span><\/strong><\/a>
<\/section>\n
\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8QQ\u7fa4\uff5c877391004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5546\u52a1\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u6295\u7a3f\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff5cswarma@swarma.org
<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6 <\/span>\u25c6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/h1>\n<\/section>\n

\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u56f4\u5899\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u8ba9\u82f9\u679c\u7838\u5f97\u66f4\u731b\u70c8\u4e9b\u5427\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\ud83d\udc47\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u8bba\u6587<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a2\u7d22\u6838\u80fd\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u7fa4\u661f\u7480\u74a8\uff0c\u8389\u6cfd\u00b7\u8fc8\u7279\u7eb3\uff08Lise Meitner\uff09\u662f\u8000\u773c\u7684\u4e00\u9897\u3002\u5979\u4ece\u666e\u6717\u514b\u548c\u54c8\u6069\u4e24\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u6838\u88c2\u53d8\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u53c2\u52a0\u5c06\u6838\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ba1\u5212\u3002 \u201c\u5979\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u4eba\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21036"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21036"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21036\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21036"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=21036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}