{"id":23997,"date":"2021-02-22T19:42:43","date_gmt":"2021-02-22T11:42:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=23997"},"modified":"2021-02-22T19:42:43","modified_gmt":"2021-02-22T11:42:43","slug":"%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%a4%a7%e8%84%91%e4%b8%8d%e6%98%af%e9%a2%84%e6%b5%8b%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=23997","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u8111\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u673a\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>                                                                                                          <img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.75\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"800\" height=\"600\" style=\"height: 600px;white-space: normal;width: 800px;\" width=\"800\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-ef6e0f820783e10a64f8bfd10068ff07.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u8bed<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8c31\u7cfb\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u585e\u8fdb\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5634\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u80fd\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f9d\u636e\u8c01\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u76ee\u7684\uff1f<br \/><img data-type=\"png\" data-ratio=\"0.07314814814814814\" data-w=\"1080\"  style=\"box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-e16cd5b776e38a4f6806c73548bdc7d4.png\"  \/>Joseph Fridman&nbsp;| \u4f5c\u8005<br \/>\u90ed\u745e\u4e1c&nbsp;|&nbsp;\u8bd1\u8005<br \/>Leo\u3001\u80e1\u4e00\u51b0&nbsp;|&nbsp;\u5ba1\u6821<\/p>\n<p>\u9093\u4e00\u96ea&nbsp;|&nbsp;\u7f16\u8f91<\/p>\n<p><br  \/>1. \u9884\u6d4b\u4ee3\u66ff\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/p>\n<p><br  \/><br style=\"font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"  \/>\u65e9\u57282016\u5e74\uff0cFacebook \u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5439\u5618\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u6bcf\u5929\u541e\u566c\u6570\u4ee5\u4e07\u4ebf\u8ba1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2\u4ea7\u751f\u8d85\u8fc7600\u4e07\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0cFacebook \u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\u73b0\u5728\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u65e0\u60c5\u5730\u63a8\u6d4b\u4f60\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\u3001\u4f60\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Shoshana Zuboff \u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u4ea7\u54c1\u201d\uff1a\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u6c47\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5356\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u64cd\u7eb5\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0cFacebook \u53ca\u5176\u540c\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u6295\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u9884\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u56f4\u7ed5\u201c\u5927\u8111\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u542c\u5230\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u671f\u671b\u7f16\u7ec7\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u7ec7\u9526\u2014\u2014\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5927\u7ea6400\u5e74\u524d\uff0c \u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\u7684\u683c\u8a00\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u800c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u6050\u6015\u5f97\u6539\u6539\u4e86\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Anil Seth \u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u80fd\u9884\u6d4b\uff08\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\uff09 \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.5069075451647184\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"941\" height=\"477\" style=\"height: 477px;width: 941px;\" width=\"941\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-78e9af464d658704ade3c46104072dd7.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe1. \u5b89\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u8d5b\u601d\uff08Anil Seth\uff09\uff0c\u8428\u8d5b\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u585e\u52d2\u610f\u8bc6\u79d1\u5b66\u53ca\u5fc3\u7406\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u5927\u8111\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u5728\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u5916\u5728\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u903b\u8f91\u4f9d\u7136\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7f16\u7801\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u4eca\u9876\u5c16\u8111\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u5f53\u4eca\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><br  \/>2. \u4ece\u9f7f\u8f6e\u5230\u7535\u5b50\uff1a\u4eba\u4f53\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u7c7b\u6bd4<\/p>\n<p><br  \/><br style=\"font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"  \/>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6 Matthew Cobb \u5728\u300a\u5927\u8111\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u300b(The Idea of The Brain\uff0c2020)\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5947\u602a\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\u300b(1651) \u4e2d\u628a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u6bd4\u4f5c\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u7f6e\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u4eec\u50cf\u624b\u8868\u4e00\u6837\u901a\u8fc7\u5f39\u7c27\u548c\u8f6e\u5b50\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\u3002\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u95ee\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u795e\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u5f39\u7c27\uff0c\u800c\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u5f39\u7c27\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u52a8\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u9075\u5faa\u9a71\u52a8\u6db2\u538b\u673a\u5668\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u5b50\u901a\u8baf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6 Alfred Smee \u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u662f\u7531\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u5149\u4f0f\u7535\u8def\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u7535\u62a5\u901a\u4fe1\u201d\u3002\u572819\u300120\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4ea4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal \u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u795e\u7ecf\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u7535\u7ebf\u6746\u652f\u6491\u5bfc\u7ebf\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5723\u8bde\u8bb2\u5ea7\u534f\u4f1a\u9080\u8bf7\u4e86\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6 Arthur Keith\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u5927\u8111\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6bd4\u505a\u7535\u62a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p><br  \/>3. \u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u4e3b\u5bb0\u6211\u4eec\u8bb8\u591a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u6db2\u538b\u6280\u672f\u6216\u5149\u7535\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7535\u8bdd\u6216\u7535\u62a5\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7b80\u5355\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6784\u6210\u548c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u65e7\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8f93\u7535\u7ebf\u652f\u914d\u7740\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u6c34\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u853d\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u6d41\u5165\u6c34\u69fd\u548c\u6dcb\u6d74\u95f4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u7531\u9884\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6307\u5bfc\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6307\u5bfc\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff1b\u5b83\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u672c\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u65f6\u4e0a\u73ed\uff0c\u5e76\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u73ed\u8def\u4e0a\u542c\u7684\u64ad\u653e\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6267\u6cd5\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u9886\u57df\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u51b3\u7b56\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u53d7\u5230\u4e13\u6709\u9884\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\u5410\u51fa\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f15\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u5927\u8111\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5173\u6ce8\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6William James\u57281892\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u300b(a Plea for Psychology as a\u201c Natural Science\u201d)\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u54ea\u4e00\u95e8\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6bd4\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u66f4\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5176\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u7fa4\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u7cbe\u795e\u72b6\u6001\u6700\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5468\u56f4\u3002\u201d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u72f1\u770b\u5b88\u4eba\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6536\u5bb9\u6240\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7ed9\u51fa\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.9810126582278481\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"474\" height=\"465\" style=\"height: 465px;width: 474px;\" width=\"474\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-a8a12ad36c5835c4b005b1178969d9bd.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe2.&nbsp;Green Nudge\uff08\u7eff\u8272\u63a8\u52a8\u6cd5\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u5236\u5b9a\u73af\u4fdd\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5f80\u5f80\u5728\u6fc0\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u73af\u4fdd\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u4e88\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u5b9a\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. \u4ece\u654c\u519b\u5230\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u5426\u9884\u6d4b\u4e00\u5207<\/p>\n<p><br  \/><br style=\"font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"  \/>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u6597\u4e89\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6218\u65f6\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u88ab\u730e\u6740\u7684\u91ce\u517d\u6216\u6606\u866b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u9700\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\uff1a\u6218\u6597\u673a\u98de\u884c\u5458\u3001\u8f70\u70b8\u673a\u3001\u5bfc\u5f39\u53d1\u5c04\u5668\u30021994\u5e74\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6Peter Galison\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u7cbe\u901a\u6218\u7565\u3001\u6218\u672f\u548c\u673a\u52a8\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6784\u6210\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u9694\u5f00\u3002\u201d\u5728\u6280\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u654c\u4eba\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u4f60\u8bd5\u56fe\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u4f60\u8bd5\u56fe\u9884\u6d4b\u5b83\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u5e76\u6740\u6b7b\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e86\u89e3\u4f60\u66f4\u591a\u3002Galison\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u654c\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u91ce\u517d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u4f17\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u534a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-backh=\"316\" data-backw=\"562\" data-ratio=\"0.5625\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"720\" height=\"405\" style=\"height: auto;width: 100%;\" width=\"720\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-d0708f6f02debe59f0868de662e89924.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe3. \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5229\u6b66\u5668\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u76df\u56fd\u52a8\u5458\u4e00\u5207\u79d1\u5b66\u529b\u91cf\u5bf9\u6297\u8fd9\u4e2a\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9632\u7a7a\u9884\u62a5\u5668\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u654c\u65b9\u98de\u884c\u5458\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u4ed6\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u548c\u5c04\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Norbert Wiener \u7684\u521b\u610f\u3002Wiener \u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b Julian Bigelow \u4e00\u8d77\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u56e0\u679c\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u9519\u8bef\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u7ea0\u6b63\u3002\u6b63\u5982 Galison \u6240\u5199\uff1a<br \/>\u628a\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u98de\u884c\u5458\u4e0e\u673a\u68b0\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4eba\u4e0e\u975e\u4eba\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\uff0cWiener \u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u60f3\u76df\u519b\u7684\u9632\u7a7a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u4e0e\u654c\u4eba\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u76df\u519b\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e0e\u975e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u754c\u9650\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u5230\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9650\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4f53\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u6027\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4f3a\u5019\u673a\u68b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6218\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u673a\u5668\u548c\u6b66\u5668\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b&nbsp;\u201c\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u7ea0\u6b63\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u201d\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5b66\u5bb6 Ross Ashby \u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u8bbe\u8ba1\u300b(Design for a Brain\uff0c1952)&nbsp;\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u8bf4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u5c04\u70ae\u3001\u706b\u7bad\u548c\u9c7c\u96f7\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7ed9\u58eb\u5175\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u662f\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u6545\u610f\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u8bd5\u7740\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7529\u51fa\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u50cf\u98de\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u654c\u65b9\u98de\u884c\u5458\u4e00\u6837\u7ea0\u6b63\u5e76\u671d\u4f60\u98de\u6765\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u53cd\u9988\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0cWiener\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5668\u548c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u751f\u7269\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff08\u5982\u4f53\u5185\u5e73\u8861\uff09\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u8111\u2014\u2014Ashby \u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u7684\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u201d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u201c\u7ea0\u9519\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u654c\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002John B. Watson\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u3001\u533b\u751f\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5546\u4eba\u7684\u9700\u8981\u30021920\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5a5a\u5916\u60c5\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u8f9e\u804c\u540e\uff0cWatson \u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u5546\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u9ea6\u8fea\u900a\u5927\u9053\u4e0a\u7684 Walter Thompson \u5e7f\u544a\u516c\u53f8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Watson \u5230\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5e7f\u544a\u5b66\u6709\u7740\u5929\u58e4\u4e4b\u522b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6839\u636e Watson \u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u8005 David Cohen \u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728 Watson \u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u51e0\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u88c1\u5c31\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u7ed9\u653f\u5ba2\u548c\u5546\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0a\u8bfe\uff0c\u8bf4\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6750\u6599\u4e00\u6837\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u201d\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u523a\u6fc0\u53cd\u5e94\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5fc3\u667a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002Cohen \u5199\u9053\uff0c\u6f5c\u5728\u4e70\u5bb6\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53e3\u888b\u91cc\u638f\u94b1\u3002\u5e7f\u544a\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u8d44\u52a9 Watson \u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u9a8c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u54c1\u724c\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u627e\u5230\u5408\u7406\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"1.3324742268041236\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"388\" height=\"517\" style=\"height: 330px;width: 248px;\" width=\"388\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-a478d70e434ea8813cc7ec3ecee3d404.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe4. \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u534e\u751f\uff08John Broadus Watson\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e7f\u544a\u4ee3\u7406\u5546\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u9500\u552e\u8c37\u7269\u548c\u9999\u70df\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u9500\u552e\u653f\u6cbb\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e7f\u544a\u4e1a\u9ad8\u7ba1 Harry Treleaven \u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f85\u4e86\u8fd120\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u52301966\u5e74\u79bb\u5f00\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e54\u6cbb\u5e03\u4ec0\u8d62\u5f97\u9996\u6b21\u7ade\u9009\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5e2e\u52a9\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u57281968\u5e74\u8d62\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u3002\u8be5\u673a\u6784\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ba1\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u63a5\u7740\u5c06\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u653f\u5e9c\u6700\u591a\u4ea7\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u4e4b\u4e00\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><br  \/>5. \u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u62df\uff1a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u53ef\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p><br  \/><br style=\"font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"  \/>1960\u5e74\uff0c\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u9996\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4f01\u4e1a\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8f6c\u6298\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6 Jill Lepore \u5728\u5979\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5982\u679c\u90a3\u4e48\u300b(if then\uff0c2020) \u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86 Simulmatics \u516c\u53f8\u7684\u751f\u4e0e\u6b7b\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u57281959\u5e742\u6708\u5f00\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u548c J Walter Thompson\u5e7f\u544a\u516c\u53f8\u76f8\u5dee\u65e0\u591a\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4eec\u6b63\u51c6\u5907\u6295\u5165\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u51f6\u731b\u5bf9\u624b\u201d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51fb\u8d25\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u88c1 Edward L. Greenfield \u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7ea6\u7ff0 &nbsp;\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d8\u5bc6\u6b66\u5668\u3002Lepore \u5199\u9053\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u79d8\u5bc6\u6b66\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u65e8\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u4ece\u5e02\u573a\u884c\u4e3a\u5230\u6295\u7968\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b66\u5668\u2014\u2014\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u62df\u201d\u2014\u2014 Simulmatics \u516c\u53f8\u96c6\u5408\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5e38\u6625\u85e4\u8054\u76df\u7684\u9876\u5c16\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u6839\u636e Lepore \u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u201c\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u5fc3\u7406\u6218\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u201d\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6295\u7968\u884c\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\uff0c1960\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u6295\u7968\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7ade\u9009\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u58f0\u79f0\u5bf9\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5f53\u9009\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u5426\u8ba4\u4e0e\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002Simulmatics \u63a5\u7740\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u5b83\u57281963\u5e74\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u59d4\u5185\u745e\u62c9\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5e76\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u8d8a\u5357\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u79cd\u65cf\u9a9a\u4e71\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u4e3a\u53cd\u6218\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u672b\u7533\u8bf7\u7834\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4eff\u771f\u5b66\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u8111\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u50cf\u5bfc\u5f39\u4e00\u6837\u51c6\u786e\u65e0\u8bef\u5730\u88ab\u5b9a\u5411\u4fe1\u606f\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u201d\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u5e26\u5165\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u4f7f\u5176\u5f00\u53d1\u5408\u7406\u5316\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u7528 Lepore \u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6fc0\u52b1\u7740 Simulmatics \u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u2014\u2014\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801 if-then-else\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u9009\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"1.5197568389057752\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"658\" height=\"1000\" style=\"height: 1000px;width: 658px;\" width=\"658\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-27b993bd1282cfc2522d8dd1bbedf5b3.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe5. \u51b7\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u6210\u7acb\u7684 Simulmatics \u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u6316\u6398\u6570\u636e\u3001\u9501\u5b9a\u9009\u6c11\u3001\u64cd\u7eb5\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u3001\u7834\u574f\u653f\u6cbb\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u6df7\u4e71\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4Facebook\u3001\u8c37\u6b4c\u548c\u5251\u6865\u5206\u6790\u516c\u53f8\u65e9\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u5409\u5c14\u00b7\u83b1\u6ce2\u5c14\uff08Jill Lepore\uff09\u5728\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6863\u6848\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6bb5\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7845\u8c37\u7684\u50b2\u6162\u53ca\u5176\u624b\u6bb5\u80cc\u540e\u5931\u4f20\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u7531\u6765\u5df2\u4e45\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4f53\u8d70\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u67b6\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u800c\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff1b\u5408\u5e76\u3001\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u5e76\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5206\u522b\u7531\u8089\u4f53\u3001\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bcd\u6839\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5728\u300a\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u5168\u8eab\u751f\u547d\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1b\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53f8\u6cd5\u548c\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u9020\u7684\uff1b\u5956\u52b1\u548c\u60e9\u7f5a\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u5956\u52b1\u548c\u60e9\u7f5a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u88ab\u6fc0\u52b1\u53bb\u5c65\u884c\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u8d23\uff09\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u628a\u652f\u914d\u6211\u4eec\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5f3a\u52a0\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u300a\u521b\u9020\uff1a\u4e00\u9996\u54f2\u5b66\u8bd7\u300b(1712) \u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u548c\u8bd7\u4eba Richard Blackmore \u8ba4\u4e3a\u5185\u5728\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u611f\u89c9\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728 Blackmore \u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u201c\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u547d\u4ee4\u53bb\u5de1\u903b\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u8fdc\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u611f\u5b98\u901a\u9053\u201d\u5b88\u536b\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5c97\u4f4d\u3002Blackmore \u7684\u201c\u8b66\u60d5\u54e8\u5175\u201d\u7ee7\u7eed\u76d1\u89c6\u201c\u8fb9\u5883\u201d\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u7ed9\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5b66\u8005 Jess Keiser \u6240\u8bf4\uff0cBlackmore \u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u662f\u7531\u540c\u6837\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u58eb\u5175\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u6240\u878d\u5165\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u63a2\u7d22\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u5927\u8111\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u5f53\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 Andy Clark \u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u8457\u540d\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u82b1\u8d39\u5de8\u91cf\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u6765\u5efa\u9020\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5927\u8111\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u4f18\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u6709\u5229\u7684\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u5927\u8111\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6709\u5229\u53ef\u56fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Lisa Feldman Barrett \u5c06\u5927\u8111\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u8eab\u4f53\u9884\u7b97\u3002\u5979\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6d88\u8017\u80fd\u91cf\u3001\u6295\u673a\u548c\u5bfb\u6c42\u6295\u8d44\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u5bf9 Barrett \u548c\u5979\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u538b\u529b\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u9884\u7b97\u7684\u201c\u8d64\u5b57\u201d\u6216\u201c\u63d0\u6b3e\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u5c31\u662f\u7834\u4ea7\u3002\u5728 Blackmore \u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u662f\u7531\u54e8\u5175\u548c\u58eb\u5175\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u5fe7\u90c1\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u60b2\u4f24\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5927\u8111\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u7531\u9884\u6d4b\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u58eb\u5175\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5b98\u80fd\u75c7\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Karl Friston \u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u8111\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u7406\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u8ba1\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u5b83\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u72af\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f1a\u72af\u7684\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><br  \/>6. \u4eba\u6027\u56de\u5f52\uff1a\u6280\u672f\u788e\u7247\u65e0\u6cd5\u6784\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b<\/p>\n<p><br  \/><br style=\"font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"  \/>\u9884\u6d4b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u548c\u8111\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7684\u8bdd\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u540c\u80de\u53d8\u6210\u673a\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65f6\u4e0d\u65f6\u5730\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u60f3\u8c61\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u771f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7f\u68ad\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5458\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4e70\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u597d\u597d\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u6b3a\u9a97\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u7ade\u6280\u573a\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u5bf9\u6297\u6027\u548c\u5265\u524a\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6846\u67b6\uff1b\u6b63\u5982 Galison \u6240\u5199\uff0c\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e0e\u6b66\u5668\u3001\u5bf9\u7acb\u6218\u672f\u548c\u5c06\u4eba\u6027\u770b\u6210\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f7b\u6613\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" data-ratio=\"0.75\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"800\" height=\"600\" style=\"height: 600px;width: 800px;\" width=\"800\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-ef6e0f820783e10a64f8bfd10068ff07.png\"  \/><br \/>\u56fe6. \u82e5\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u4eff\u751f\u5b66\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8d5b\u535a\u670b\u514b\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6210\u771f\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8005 Donna Haraway \u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u914d\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5360\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u788e\u7247\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u6709\u591a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u8c08\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9ed8\u8bb8\u90a3\u4e9b\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u6837\u5bf9\u5f85\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5f53\u9884\u6d4b\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8005\u5c06\u9884\u6d4b\u89c6\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u6210\u5c31\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5192\u7740\u7ed9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6beb\u65e0\u6839\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5149\u6cfd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4eba\u5de5\u9884\u6d4b\u8005\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u591a\u4e48\u7c97\u7cd9\u3001\u6709\u5bb3\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6697\u4e2d\u5a01\u80c1\u8981\u4f7f\u9884\u6d4b\u5f15\u64ce\u5851\u9020\u548c\u64cd\u7eb5\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u8c61\u5851\u9020\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u548c\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u672b\u7aef\uff0c\u7784\u51c6\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b66\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u6218\u573a\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7406\u7531\u53bb\u8d28\u7591\u90a3\u4e9b\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u975e\u5e38\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5730\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u7528\u9014\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6309\u7167\u5e73\u53f0\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u79d1\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u79d1\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6 Philip Mirowski \u6240\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Seth \u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u611f\u77e5\u603b\u662f\u7531\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u76ee\u6807\u5851\u9020\u7684\uff1a\u611f\u77e5\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u548c\u81ea\u6211\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5176\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u201d\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u95ee\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8c31\u7cfb\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u585e\u8fdb\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5634\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u80fd\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f9d\u636e\u8c01\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u76ee\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<br \/>https:\/\/aeon.co\/essays\/on-the-dangers-of-seeing-human-minds-as-predictive-machines<\/p>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u65b0\u8bfe\u63a8\u8350\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/p>\n<p><br style=\"color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"  \/><br \/>\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u7279\u9080\u9648\u5173\u8363\u3001\u9879\u6797\u82f1\u3001\u6a0a\u745b\u3001\u5ba3\u7426\u3001\u674e\u7fd4\u3001\u53f2\u5b9a\u534e\u3001\u674e\u806a\u3001\u8363\u667a\u6d77\u3001\u5468\u8fdb\u3001\u738b\u7433\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u4f9d\u6258\u6c6a\u5c0f\u5e06\u3001\u674e\u7fd4\u3001\u9648\u5173\u8363\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u6750\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u81ea2\u670827\u65e5\u8d77\u5f00\u5c55\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0a\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u5e0c\u671b\u8fdb\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u4e0e\u4e00\u7ebf\u4e13\u5bb6\u63a2\u8ba8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u52a0\uff01<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247537042&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f050cc6fb7f489c90bff19f97971652d&amp;chksm=e8970b1fdfe08209787a9395ceb9d977a97124f0b5c4dae042c24a8a42312ba34501cd6958c9&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u4f60\u5df2\u9009\u4e2d\u4e86\u6dfb\u52a0\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img class=\"rich_pages\" data-ratio=\"0.4255555555555556\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"900\" style=\"margin: 0px;top: auto;left: auto;right: auto;bottom: auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/wxsync-2021-02-9679df73988f8f9397e5fba5a8137a4f.png\"  \/><\/a><br  \/>\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8be6\u60c5\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247537042&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f050cc6fb7f489c90bff19f97971652d&amp;chksm=e8970b1fdfe08209787a9395ceb9d977a97124f0b5c4dae042c24a8a42312ba34501cd6958c9&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2021\u91cd\u78c5\u65b0\u8bfe\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247524607&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=83c48a73aefba49cc2b9931e6d1c85e7&amp;chksm=e8973a72dfe0b3642c3cb43ccf6d5f0cb1f185f104b46a884865758244a759a562a9ae795b0b&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u543e\u4e0eAI\u5b70\u667a\u6167\uff1fPNAS\u520a\u6587\u63d0\u51faAI\u56de\u7b54\u667a\u5546\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4e94\u79cd\u7b56\u7565<\/a><br \/><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247517373&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=168a382597279b1d06ab0f5e784267a2&amp;chksm=e897de30dfe057267362d4b000db50bf87d67879f551f42842767249b646f944bb152f8e1ebf&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nature \u673a\u5668\u667a\u80fd\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1aAI\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u6e38\u620f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247535747&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=8c519dd1d462337aec93b94b7e98877e&amp;chksm=e897160edfe09f1871d5a4eb2c2048ea5d497baeeb5a63228fc62a1256e0b14793956aeeba90&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"11\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\uff1a\u5185\u6db5\u3001\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0e\u673a\u9047<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247487778&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=c2e77ec93213c4c63f57a777ff10e368&amp;chksm=e8944bafdfe3c2b9d66544dafe7403159473e8c94fd3bc513f5300c353bcec49c0c0b69797af&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587                 <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bed \u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u4eba\u7c7b\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8c31\u7cfb\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u585e\u8fdb\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5634\u91cc\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u80fd\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4f9d\u636e\u8c01\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c01\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u76ee\u7684\uff1fJoseph Fridman&nbsp;| 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