{"id":24253,"date":"2021-03-05T22:42:08","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T14:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=24253"},"modified":"2021-03-05T22:42:08","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T14:42:08","slug":"%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e7%94%9f%e8%af%be%e9%a2%98%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%ba%e5%b8%a6%e5%a8%83%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bd%b1%e5%93%8d%e7%a7%91%e7%a0%94%e7%94%9f%e4%ba%a7%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=24253","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u8bfe\u9898\uff1a\u8bba\u5e26\u5a03\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/p>\n

\u5bfc\u8bed<\/p>\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u5b69\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e1a\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u5411\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u5708\u5185\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u522b\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u5177\u4f53\u5e26\u6765\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5462\uff1f\u8fd1\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u5728 Science Advances \u4e0a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u8861\u91cf\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u5bf9\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
\u80e1\u4e00\u51b0 | \u4f5c\u8005\u9093\u4e00\u96ea | \u7f16\u8f91<\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1a
The unequal impact of parenthood in academia
\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/advances.sciencemag.org\/content\/7\/9\/eabd1996\/tab-figures-data<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. \u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u74f6\u9888<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c1a\u672a\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5973\u6027\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u673a\u6784\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5b9e\u529b\u8f83\u4f4e\u3001\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u8d1f\u62c5\u66f4\u91cd\u3001\u4ece\u4e1a\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u77ed\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c0f\u89d1\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u2014\u2014\u751f\u80b2\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u627f\u62c5\u65b0\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ca\u5176\u79d1\u7814\u6210\u679c\u4ea7\u51fa\u6548\u7387\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5173\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u804c\u4e1a\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u7eb5\u5411\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u3001\u751f\u80b2\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u201d\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u6709\u5f85\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7814\u7a76\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u7f57\u62c9\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Allison C. Morgan\u3001Samuel F. Way \u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927450\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u548c\u5546\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u76843064\u4f4d\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u91cf\u5316\u65e9\u671f\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u4e3a\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u7c7b\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u8861\u91cf\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u5bf9\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
 <\/p>\n

2. \u5927\u91cf\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u529b\u8bc1\u660e<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u548c\u5546\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u5927\u7c7b\u7684\u642d\u914d\u4e5f\u662f\u522b\u6709\u7528\u5fc3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u79d1\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u804c\u5458\u5de5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u4ec5\u536015%\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u5973\u6027\u5360\u670937%\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u7814\u7a76\u5408\u4f5c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u5f80\u5f80\u5408\u8457\u4eba\u6570\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u9886\u57df\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6027\u522b\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u533a\u522b\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff08comparative interrupted time series\uff0cCITS\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u6709\u3001\u65e0\u5b69\u5b50\u4e24\u7c7b\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u5728\u751f\u80b2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u524d\u540e\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u4e0e100972\u4efd\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u8868\u7269\u7684\u7eb5\u5411\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u673a\u6784\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5982\u8003\u8651\u5165\u804c\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u5355\u4f4d\u6574\u4f53\u6c34\u5e73\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. \u7236\u6bcd\u89d2\u8272\u5f71\u54cd\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b69\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u91cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4eec\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u7565\u9ad8\u4e00\u4e9b\uff08\u5982\u56fe1\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e0e\u4ea7\u524d\u6216\u7537\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u91cf\u5728\u4ea7\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6839\u636eCITS\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u80b2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6025\u5267\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u7537\u6027\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u822c\u3002 \u56fe1\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\u6548\u7387\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff08\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5546\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\uff09<\/p>\n

 \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u80b2\u4e4b\u540e\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u5982\u56fe2\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u5408\u4f5c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u751f\u80b2\u4e4b\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u5b66\u672f\u5708\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u6216\u635f\u5931\u624d\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002 \u56fe2\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e\u6027\u522b\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u7c7b\u578b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u6bcf\u7c7b\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u4f5c\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\uff08\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\uff09
  <\/p>\n

4. \u751f\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n

\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4ea7\u540e\u4f11\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7f13\u89e3\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4ea7\u540e\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u548c\u7537\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5229\u7528\u80b2\u513f\u5047\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u4ea7\u5047\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c91.8%\u7684\u5973\u6027\u81f3\u5c11\u4f11\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u80b2\u513f\u5047\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u670962.1%\u7684\u7537\u6027\u81f3\u5c11\u4f11\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\uff08\u5982\u56fe3D\uff09\u3002\u6709\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0845.9%\uff09\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5165\u804c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u670920.6%\u7684\u7537\u6027\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff08\u5982\u56fe3C\uff09\u3002 \u56fe3\uff1a\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5355\u4f4d\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3001\u5bf9\u5176\u4e86\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u5165\u804c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u6559\u5458\u5229\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
 \u7406\u60f3\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u89c4\u8303\uff08ideal worker norm\uff09\u662f\u6307\u5b8c\u5168\u6295\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u4e0d\u627f\u62c5\u5bb6\u5ead\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u4f1a\u5206\u6563\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f85\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5973\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u7537\u6027\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u80b2\u513f\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u66f4\u96be\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u7406\u60f3\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u6c42\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u76ee\u6807\u3002
\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002\u5973\u6027\u5728\u4ea7\u540e\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u9884\u671f\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e24\u5e74\u5185\u9884\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u662f8.2\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u662f9.2\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7537\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u56fe4\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5546\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u77e5\u3002 \u56fe4\uff1a\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u4e24\u7c7b\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u671f\u671b\u3002\u8868\u683c\u5185\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u522b\u5728\u672a\u67652\u5e74\u5185\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u9884\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u62e5\u670910\u5c81\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff08\u6216\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u8d85\u8fc710\u5c81\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff09\u3002  <\/p>\n

5. \u5b9e\u73b0\u517c\u987e\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0e\u79d1\u7814\u6210\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u672a\u6765\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u7537\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u56de\u5f52\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57282000\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u4f11\u80b2\u513f\u5047\u7684\u7537\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f11\u5047\u7684\u7537\u6027\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ece38.7%\u4e0a\u5347\u523067.6%\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7537\u6027\u4f11\u80b2\u513f\u5047\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\uff08\u5982\u56fe5\uff09\u3002 \u56fe5\uff1a2000\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u91cf \u5728\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u4ea7\u5047\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u7f55\u89c1\uff1a17.2%\u6709\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6559\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u5426\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea7\u5047\u798f\u5229\uff08\u5982\u56fe3C\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u653f\u7b56\u6216\u751f\u80b2\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u666e\u904d\u7f3a\u5c11\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u5f80\u5f80\u5177\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u6216\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u7684\u63aa\u8f9e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u7279\u522b\u7533\u8bf7\u3001\u7236\u6bcd\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u4f11\u5047\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u533b\u7597\u8bc1\u660e\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002  <\/p>\n

6. \u5b8c\u5584\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u5236\u5ea6\u5f15\u53d1\u5171\u9e23<\/p>\n

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\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u7279\u9080\u9648\u5173\u8363\u3001\u9879\u6797\u82f1\u3001\u6a0a\u745b\u3001\u5ba3\u7426\u3001\u674e\u7fd4\u3001\u53f2\u5b9a\u534e\u3001\u674e\u806a\u3001\u8363\u667a\u6d77\u3001\u5468\u8fdb\u3001\u738b\u7433\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u4f9d\u6258\u6c6a\u5c0f\u5e06\u3001\u674e\u7fd4\u3001\u9648\u5173\u8363\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6559\u6750\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u81ea2\u670827\u65e5\u8d77\u5f00\u5c55\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0a\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u5e0c\u671b\u8fdb\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u4e0e\u4e00\u7ebf\u4e13\u5bb6\u63a2\u8ba8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u52a0\uff01<\/p>\n

<\/a>
\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8be6\u60c5\uff1a2021\u91cd\u78c5\u65b0\u8bfe\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f<\/a><\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/p>\n

PNAS\uff1a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e07\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u63ed\u9732\u79d1\u7814\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e0e\u540d\u6821\u58f0\u671b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/a>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Paper\u53d1\u5c11\u4e86\uff1f\u5728\u5bb6\u5e26\u5a03\u624d\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0<\/a>\u79d1\u5b66\u4f1a\u7ec8\u7ed3\u5417\uff1f\u4e3a\u4f55\u79d1\u7814\u6295\u5165\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u91cd\u5927\u6210\u679c\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\u5374\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\uff1f<\/a>
\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587 <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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