{"id":25634,"date":"2021-04-20T22:32:46","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T14:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=25634"},"modified":"2021-04-20T22:32:46","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T14:32:46","slug":"%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%e9%80%9f%e9%80%92%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e5%90%8c%e8%b4%a8%e5%8c%96%e5%8f%af%e5%89%8a%e5%bc%b1%e7%94%9f%e6%80%81%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e7%a8%b3%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=25634","title":{"rendered":"\u524d\u6cbf\u901f\u9012\uff1a\u751f\u7269\u540c\u8d28\u5316\u53ef\u524a\u5f31\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u6001\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/strong>Ecology<\/span><\/strong>\u4e0a\u5728\u7ebf\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u201cBiotic homogenization destabilizes ecosystem functioning by decreasing spatial asynchrony\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587(\u70b9\u51fb\u6587\u672b\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u83b7\u53d6\u5168\u6587)\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u4e8e\u5168\u740339\u4e2a\u8349\u5730\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u5e76\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u7269\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d8\u5f02(beta\u591a\u6837\u6027)\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u751f\u7269\u540c\u8d28\u5316(\u5373beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u4e27\u5931)\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u964d\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u524a\u5f31\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u738b\u5c11\u9e4f\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Biotic homogenization destabilizes ecosystem functioning by decreasing spatial asynchrony<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ecy.3332
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\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u65e2\u662f\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5f00\u5c55\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/span>\u81ea1973\u5e74\u8457\u540d\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5bb6Robert May\u53d1\u8868\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u300b\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u591a\u6837\u6027-\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u754c\u957f\u8fbe\u534a\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002<\/span>\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e89\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff1a<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6307\u6807\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u968f\u591a\u6837\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c40\u57df\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u6027-\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8303\u7574\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u57fa\u4e8e\u96c6\u5408\u7fa4\u843d\u6a21\u578b\uff0cWang & Loreau<\/span> (2014, 2016, Ecol. Lett.)<\/span>\u8fd1\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027<\/span> (\u5982alpha\u548cbeta\u591a\u6837\u6027) <\/span>\u5747\u5177\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0calpha\u591a\u6837\u6027\u901a\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5c40\u57df\u7fa4\u843d\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u5c40\u57df\u548c\u533a\u57df\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0cbeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e0d\u540c\u5c40\u57df\u7fa4\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\u533a\u57df\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u591a\u9879\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u505a\u4e86\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u652f\u6301beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u4f5c\u7528 <\/span>(Hautier et al. 2020 Nat. Comm.)<\/span>\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u663e\u8457\u5173\u7cfb <\/span>(Wilcox et al. 2017 Ecol. Lett.)<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u5b50\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5173\u4e8ebeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ecd\u7f3a\u5c11\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u56fe1. \u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e(\u4e0a\u56fe\uff0c\u5f15\u81eaIsbell et al. 2015)\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u5f0f(\u4e0b\u56fe)\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u65b9\u6846\u8868\u793a\u5c40\u57df\u7269\u79cd\u6570\u4e3a2\u7684\u6837\u65b9\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u9009\u53d62\u62164\u4e2a\u6b64\u7c7b\u6837\u65b9\u6784\u9020\u533a\u57df\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6837\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5229\u7528\u5168\u740339\u4e2a\u8349\u5730\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e <\/span>(Isbell et al. 2015 Nature)<\/span>\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\uff1a(1) beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f(2) alpha\u548cbeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u79cd\u6837\u65b9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u5176\u7269\u79cd\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0d\u540c<\/span>(\u5373\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u65b9\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u79cd)<\/span>\uff0c\u5219\u4e24\u6837\u65b9\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027<\/span>(\u56fe2a)<\/span>\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5bf9\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u65b9\uff0c\u5176\u7269\u79cd\u7ec4\u6210\u5dee\u5f02\u8d8a\u5927<\/span>(beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8)<\/span>\uff0c\u5219\u4e24\u6837\u65b9\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8<\/span>(\u56fe2b)<\/span>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5219\u533a\u57df\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u56fe2. \u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u4e0ebeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002(a) \u8868\u793a\u5c40\u57df\u7fa4\u843d\u4e3a\u5355\u79cd\u65f6\uff0c2\u4e2a\u540c\u79cd(\u6a2a\u8f74)\u548c\u5f02\u79cd(\u7eb5\u8f74)\u7fa4\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\uff1b(b) \u8868\u793a\u5c40\u57df\u7fa4\u843d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u79cd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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Alpha\u548cbeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7528\u5927\u5c0f<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

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\u56fe3 alpha\u548cbeta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5206\u522b\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u5c40\u57dfalpha\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684gamma\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5229\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u7684beta\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span>\u8be5\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u540c\u8d28\u5316<\/span>(biotic homogenization)<\/span>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u964d\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f02\u6b65\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fdd\u62a4\u7269\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81eaNature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span>
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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong>
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