{"id":26180,"date":"2021-05-12T12:48:44","date_gmt":"2021-05-12T04:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=26180"},"modified":"2021-05-12T12:48:44","modified_gmt":"2021-05-12T04:48:44","slug":"%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e8%a7%86%e8%a7%92%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9a%e6%a8%aa%e8%b7%a8%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e5%92%8c%e9%9d%9e%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e9%9b%86%e7%be%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=26180","title":{"rendered":"\u4fe1\u606f\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a\u6a2a\u8de8\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u67b6\u6784"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ffd\u95ee\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u4ee5\u5b9a\u6027\u5c45\u591a\u3002\u800c\u968f\u7740\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u53d1\u73b0\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u65b0\u578b\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u6240\u521b\u9020\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u7c7b\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u660e\u786e\u8fb9\u754c\u6b63\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d7\u5230\u8d28\u7591\u3002\u8fd1\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u5728Theory in Biosciences<\/em>\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u91cf\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u201c\u751f\u547d\u5149\u8c31\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005Sara I. Walker\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u4e9a\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u5929\u4f53\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Hyunju Kim, Gabriele Valentini, Jake Hanson & Sara Imari Walker<\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/strong>\uff08Collective behavior\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u89c6\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u65e0\u751f\u547d\u7eaf\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u63a5\u53d7\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u751f\u547d\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u73b0\u8c61\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u96c6\u7fa4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5404\u81ea\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a\u5373\u4fe1\u606f\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u89d2\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u96c6\u7fa4\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u547d\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u88ab\u6211\u4eec\u51a0\u79f0\u4e3a”\u751f\u547d”\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span>\uff08Clel& & Chyba 2002; Tirard et al. 2010; Benner 2010; Walker & Davies 2013\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u800c\u975e\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6b63\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u6211\u4eec\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0”\u7c7b\u751f\u547d”<\/span>\uff08life-like\uff09<\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u3001\u51e0\u5341\u9897\u56f4\u7ed5\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u6052\u661f\u8fd0\u8f6c\u7684\u5b9c\u5c45\u661f\u7403\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u5730\u5916\u4e16\u754c\u5bfb\u627e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e5f\u5728\u52a0\u5feb\u6b65\u4f10<\/span>\uff08Kopparapu et al. 2014; Dressing & Charbonneau 2015; Anglada-Escud\u00e9 et al. 2012, 2016; Gillon et al. 2017)<\/span>\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u8fd1\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u822a\u5929\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9f99\u98de\u8239<\/span>\uff08Dragonfly\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5373\u5c06\u8bbf\u95ee\u571f\u536b\u516d\u53bb\u641c\u5bfb\u5730\u5916\u751f\u547d\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\u786e\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u5426\u771f\u662f”\u751f\u547d”\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bfb\u627e\u751f\u547d\u65b0\u6837\u4f8b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5236\u5b9a\u4e25\u683c\u3001\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8feb\u5207\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u5927\u591a\u6570\u52aa\u529b\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u751f\u547d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u590d\u5236\u3001\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u8fdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u8fb9\u754c\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08Clel& & Chyba 2002\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u751f\u547d\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5ba2\u89c2\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u8bc1\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u662f\u201c\u6d3b\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u82e5\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u5219\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b9a\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u6709\u6f5c\u529b\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u548c\u6700\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08Szathm\u00e1ry 1989; K\u00fcppers 1990; Yockey 2005; Davies & Walker 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u751f\u547d\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u63a7\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u91cd\u5851\u7269\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u53d1\u6325\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c<\/strong>\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u79cd\u7c7b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u6d41\u6d3e\u4e2d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5f85\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d4b\u4e88\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1f\u5b83\u4f1a\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u4f1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u4e0b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u5417\uff1f\u6291\u6216\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4efb\u4f55\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u82e5\u60f3\u5728\u8bf8\u5982\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u547d\u53ca\u5176\u7279\u6027\u8fd9\u6837\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5fc5\u5c06\u906d\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5bbd\u6cdb\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e5f\u53d7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6837\u672c\u6570\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u4f18\u70b9\u800c\u975e\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u8ba4\u4e3a”\u751f\u547d”\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u5929\u4f53\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0b\u3001\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5047\u8bbe\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53cd\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3001\u53ea\u662f\u751f\u547d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ece\u5316\u5b66\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4f1a\u666e\u904d\u5730\u6d89\u53ca\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u62bd\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u82e5\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5728\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5708\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6837\u672c\u5185\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u5404\u79cd\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/span>\uff08Walker 2017\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u8fd9\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u9610\u660e\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5b83\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5373\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u522b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5df2\u77e5\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u65e0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3001\u975e\u9ed1\u5373\u767d\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u9e3f\u6c9f\u548c\u754c\u9650<\/strong>\u3002\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\/\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u5bf9\u7acb\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u963b\u788d\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u987a\u7740\u5982\u56fe1\u90a3\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u6e10\u53d8\u7684”\u751f\u547d\u5149\u8c31”\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff08alive\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u800c\u8981\u8861\u91cf\u201c\u751f\u547d\u529b\u201d\uff08aliveness\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u5b83\u4e0e\u5c3a\u5ea6\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u4e14\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5411\u66f4\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u6d4b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff1a\u66f4\u6709\u201c\u751f\u547d\u529b\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u7ecf\u5e38\u4fc3\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002<\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u519c\u4e1a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u519c\u8015\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u9020\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u9020\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9769\u65b0\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u7c7b\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u5730\u7403\u53d1\u5c04\u5230\u592a\u7a7a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u8fd9\u5728\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684<\/span>\uff08Walker 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e8b\u7269\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08adjacent possible\uff0cKauffman 2019\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8f6c\u53d8\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe1\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c6\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u7ea7\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u82e5\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u54ea\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf\u66f4\u80fd\u523b\u753b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\uff1a\u4e00\u7ec4\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u751f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u7531\u591a\u8fbe5\u4e07\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u56e2\u85fb\u7403\u5f62\u79cd\u7fa4\u3001\u8682\u8681\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5d4c\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u5e76\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c”\u751f\u547d\u529b”\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7f29\u653e\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6837\u5b50<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u8c31\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u8574\u542b\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7269\u8d28\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u751f\u547d\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u7528\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u91cf\u5316<\/span>\uff08Walker & Davies\uff0c2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56f4\u7ed5\u751f\u547d\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u7eaf\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c31\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u63cf\u8ff0\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u91cf\u5316\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4f3c\u548c\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u76ee\u5149\u6295\u5411\u884c\u6052\u661f\u548c\u661f\u7cfb\u7b49\u5927\u8d28\u91cf\u5929\u4f53\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5f15\u529b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u627f\u8ba4\u5f15\u529b\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u5c5e\u6027\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u662f\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4fe1\u606f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u53ef\u89c1\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u975e\u751f\u547d\u6a21\u4eff\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u80fd\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u547d\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff0c\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u533a\u5206\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u89c1\u89e3\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u5236\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08aggregate behavior\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5c31\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u6355\u6349\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5ea6\u91cf\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u7eb5<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff09<\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u8fa8\u522b\u975e\u751f\u547d\u548c\u751f\u547d\u96c6\u7fa4\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6709\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5c31\u6b64\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5149\u8c31\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u56e0\u679c\uff09\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ec4\u5408\u6cbf\u7740\u4ece\u751f\u547d\u529b\u8f83\u5c11\u5230\u751f\u547d\u529b\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u9891\u8c31\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136”\u751f\u547d\u5149\u8c31”\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u91cf\u548c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u6587\u6982\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3. \u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u63ed\u793a\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7531\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u00b7\u9999\u519c<\/span>\uff08Claude Shannon\uff09<\/span>\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u975e\u5bf9\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5c24\u5176\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ea\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u8d28\u6599\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u9875\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u5199\u5728\u7535\u8111\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5370\u5237\u7684\u7eb8\u5f20\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u6309\u7167\u9884\u671f\u529f\u80fd\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4e2d<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f60\u9605\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e0a\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u8bb8\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5927\u8111\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6e7f\u4ef6\u3001\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u82af\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u662f\u201c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u540c\u6837\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u50a8\u5b58\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u2014\u2014\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u80fd\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u4e2d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316<\/span>\uff08L&auer et al. 1991\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u4e0b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5177\u6709\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u201d<\/span>\uff08Davies&Walker 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6697\u793a\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Davies 2011\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u751f\u547d\u62e5\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/span>\uff08Yockey 2005\uff1bWalker&Davies 2013\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8682\u8681\u548c\u871c\u8702\u7684\u5bfb\u5de2\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08house-hunting\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u690b\u9e1f\u7fa4\u548c\u9c7c\u7fa4\u7684\u5947\u5999\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8f66\u9053\u5f62\u6210\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u7fa4\u7684\u6c34\u5e73<\/span>\uff08Franks et al. 2002\uff1bCouzin\uff0c2009\uff1bDeisboeck&Couzin\uff0c2009\uff1bMoussaid et al. 2009\uff1bCouzin et al. 2011\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u673a\u5236\u5374\u5f80\u5f80\u53ea\u4ee5\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u4ec5\u4ee5\u975e\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4e3a\u8d85\u8d8a\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6216\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u5c5e\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u91cf\u5316\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5219\u76f8\u5bf9\u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5b83\u59cb\u4e8e\u9999\u519c\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u71b5\uff0cH(x) \u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08Shannon 1948\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u4e2d p(x) \u662f\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cf X \u5904\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001 x \u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5f53 p(x) \u662f\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u65f6\uff0cH(X) \u662f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u3002\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u7684\u60ca\u8bb6\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8d8a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u5c31\u611f\u89c9\u8d8a\u60ca\u8bb6<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u60ca\u8bb6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4fe1\u606f\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5ea6\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9999\u519c\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u4fe1\u606f\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u71b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4f53\u73b0”\u4fe1\u606f”\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u8005<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Adami 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5176\u5b83\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0b\u67d0\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u964d\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6240\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u7a0b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u71b5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u8868\u793a<\/span>\uff08Cover &  Thomas 2005\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u91cf\u5316\u4e3a\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08mutual information\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528\u7ef4\u6069\u56fe\u6765\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u71b5\u76f8\u4e92\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u533a\u57df<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u71b5\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u6709\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u71b5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5373\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u6709\u8fc7\u7a0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u8fc7\u7a0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u6709\u5173\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe2\uff1a\u7ef4\u6069\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u7684 a \u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff1bb \u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u3002<\/span>
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\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\/\u4e0e\u5b83\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8d85\u989d\u71b5<\/strong><\/span>\uff08excess entropy\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08active information\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8d85\u989d\u71b5<\/span>\uff08Crutchfield & Feldman 2003\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u672a\u6765\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u8861\u91cf\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff1b\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f A(X) \u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5373\u5c06\u62b5\u8fbe\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08Lizier et al. 2012a\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\uff08\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/sub><\/span><\/math-formula>\u4ee3\u8868 X \u4e2d\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9 n \u5f00\u59cb\u8fc7\u53bb k \u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff1a{<\/span>x<\/span>\ud835\udc5b-\ud835\udc58+1<\/span><\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/math-formula>, …, <\/span>x<\/span>\ud835\udc5b-1<\/span><\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/math-formula>, <\/span>x\ud835\udc5b<\/sub><\/span><\/span><\/math-formula>}\u3002<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u867d\u7136\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5230\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e3a\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0cSchreiber<\/span>\uff082000\uff09<\/span>\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4f20\u9012\u71b5<\/strong><\/span>\uff08transfer entropy\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fc7\u53bb<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5176\u5b83\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u524d\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span>\uff08Schreiber 2000; Kaiser & Schreiber 2002\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u7ef4\u6069\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u5982\u56fe2\u3002\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u5229\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u6765\u514b\u670d\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9a\u5411\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span>\uff08Lizier&&Prokopenko 2010\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>\uff08James et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u9010\u70b9\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/span>\uff08point-wise\uff0c\u6216\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1<\/span>\uff08Lizier et al. 2008b\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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5. \u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ea6\u91cf\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6709\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u957f\u671f\u4e89\u8bba<\/span> [\u4f8b\u5982, Yockey (2005) & Godfrey-Smith & Sterelny\uff082007\uff09]<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5206\u5e03\u76f8\u5173\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Schreiber 2000\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Hoel et al. 2013; Ay & Polani 2008\uff09<\/span>\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u6210\u751f\u547d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Walker 2017\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fe1\u606f\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f20\u9012\u71b5<\/span>\uff08Schreiber 2000\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41<\/span>\uff08Ay&Polani 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08Hoel et al. 2013\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u7279\u5f02\u6027<\/span>\uff08Griffiths et al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08Oizumi et al. 2014\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u6574\u5408\u65f6\u7a7a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08Polani et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u6837\u800c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63cf\u8ff0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u9c7c\u7fa4<\/span>\uff08H&egard et al. 2012\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u690b\u9e1f\u7fa4<\/span>\uff08Cavagna et al. 2010\uff09<\/span>\u534f\u8c03\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5efa\u6a21<\/span>\uff08Bialek et al. 2012\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u673a\u5236<\/span> [\u5982\u7fa4\u611f\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff08quorum response\uff09\u2014\u2014\u8bb8\u591a\u52a8\u7269\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u8bc6\u673a\u5236\uff08Pratt et al. 2002\uff1bWardal et al. 2008\uff1bSumpter&Pratt\uff0c2009\uff09] <\/span>\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u96c6\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb\u53cd\u9988\u56de\u8def\uff0c\u4ee5\u653e\u5927\u6216\u6291\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Couzin 2009\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u4e0d\u592a\u6210\u719f<\/span>\uff08Dall et al. 2005\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u6ce8\u4e3a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a”\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf”\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u64cd\u7eb5\u56e0\u679c\u76f8\u5173\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/span>\uff08Walker et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\u6784\u5efa\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5c31\u6211\u4eec\u65e8\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e8\u8da3\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u672a\u88ab\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u663e\u8457\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDanchin \u7b49<\/span>\uff082004\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u6210\u4e2a\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08personal information\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08social information\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4e92\u52a8\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4f34\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/span>\uff08signaling\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u95f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf<\/strong><\/span>\uff08indirect observation\uff09<\/span>\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ebf\u7d22\u6216\u516c\u5171\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ebf\u7d22<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u89c5\u98df\u8005\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u98df\u7269\u6765\u6e90\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u516c\u5171\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u89c5\u98df\u8005\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u98df\u7269\u6765\u6e90\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/span>\u5219\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6b64\u7c7b\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cMoussaid\u7b49<\/span>\uff082009\uff09<\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u95f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/strong>\u3002\u6309\u7167 Danchin\u7b49<\/span>\uff082004\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u5bf9\u5e94\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ebf\u7d22\u548c\u516c\u5171\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u5219\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6<\/span>\uff08Danchin et al. 2004\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4ecb\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\u3002\u95f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5171\u8bc6\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08stigmergy\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6c9f\u901a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u9ed1\u677f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u9ed1\u677f\u6765\u4e66\u5199\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u77e5\u9605\u8bfb\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Grass\u00e9 1959\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u95f4\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u79cd\u7c7b\u8682\u8681\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7d20\u94fa\u8bbe\u548c\u8ddf\u968f\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08Goss et al. 1989\uff1bH\u00f6lldobler & Wilson 1990\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span>
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\u7136\u800c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5316\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span>\uff08Crutchfield 1994\uff1bFeldman et al. 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u8d8b\u5316\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/span>\uff08collective chemotaxis\uff09<\/span>\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b58\u50a8\u5b83\u4eec\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u5b83\u4eec\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7531\u8fdb\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u53cd\u5e94\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u8981\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5ea6\u91cf\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u5165\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u5c31\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\u63a8\u65ad\u871c\u8702\u7684\u6447\u6446\u821e<\/span>\uff08Haldane & Spurway 1954\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u8682\u8681\u4fe1\u606f\u7d20\u8e2a\u8ff9<\/span>\uff08Wilson\uff0c1962\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u7f16\u7801\u98df\u7269\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4fe1\u606f\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4f46\u5e94\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5bf9\u96c6\u7fa4\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u5374\u76f8\u5f53\u96f6\u6563<\/span>\uff08Dall et al. 2005\uff09 <\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5c06\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4e8c\u7ef4\u4f0a\u8f9b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Ising model\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/span>\uff08Matsuda et al. 1996\uff1bGu et al. 2007\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7531\u7ef4\u5207\u514b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong> [1]<\/span>\uff08Vicsek model\uff09<\/span>\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u81ea\u63a8\u8fdb\u7c92\u5b50\u8702\u7fa4\u6a21\u62df<\/span>\uff08Wicks al.\uff0c2007\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8c03\u8282\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\uff08regulatory models\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08Ribeiro et al. 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u65e0\u5e8f\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u76f8\u53d8\u9636\u6bb5\u65f6\u5747\u8fbe\u5230\u5cf0\u503c<\/strong>\u3002\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5757\u71b5<\/strong><\/span>\uff08block-entropy\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u6d4b\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u8fde\u7eed\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u4f53<\/span>\uff08Shannon 1948\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8682\u8681\u4fe1\u606f\u7d20\u94fa\u8bbe\u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56<\/span>\uff08Klyubin et al. 2004\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6b64\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u6709\u9650\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Meyer 2017\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0cGelblum \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082015\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5219\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u9644\u7740\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e0a\u7684\u8682\u8681\u4f1a\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u53ea\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd8\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u8fdb\u5316\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u8fd0\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08Prokopenko et al. 2006\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u591a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08Sperati al et al. 2008\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4f20\u9012<\/span>\uff08Cover & Thomas 2005\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u8111\u533a\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08Honey et al. 2007\uff1bVakorin et al. 2009\uff1bNigam et al. 2016\uff1bIto et al. 2011\uff1bLizier et al. 2011\uff1bVicente et al. 2011\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u524d\u9762\u516c\u5f0f\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8<\/span>\uff08Lizier et al. 2012b\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08Wibral et al. 2014\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u8702\u7fa4\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08Wang et al. 2012\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u8d85\u989d\u71b5\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff08Crutchfield&Feldman 2003\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u867d\u7136\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c06\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u9762\u4e3a\u6240\u9009\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u660e\u6027\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u6765\u81ea\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u91d1\u878d<\/span>\uff08Bossomaier et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4e8c\u7ef4\u4f0a\u8f9b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41<\/span>\uff08Barnett et al. 2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002Lizier \u7b49<\/span>\uff082008b\uff09<\/span>\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u660e\u8d28\u70b9<\/span>\uff08particles\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\uff08gliders\uff09\u548c\u57df\u58c1\uff08domain walls\uff09\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Wang \u7b49<\/span>\uff082012\uff09<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7c92\u5b50\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee5\u6ce2\u6d6a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u7fa4\u4e2d\u8361\u6f3e\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u6846\u67b6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u8282\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08Kim et al. 2015\uff1bWalker et al. 2016\uff09\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u591a\u4ee3\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al 2018\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u5bf9\u548c\u5c0f\u7fa4\u7684\u6591\u9a6c\u9c7c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bc6\u522b\u9886\u5bfc\u5173\u7cfb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/span>\uff08Butail et al. 2014\uff0c2016\uff1bMwaffo et al. 2017\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9c7c\u7c7bU\u578b\u8f6c\u5f2f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>\uff08Crosato et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8759\u8760<\/span>\uff08Orange & Abaid 2015\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u8682\u8681\u548c\u767d\u8681\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005-\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2020\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7c98\u6db2\u9709\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012<\/span>\uff08Ray et al. 2019\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u5bf9\u9c7c\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6355\u98df\u8005-\u730e\u7269\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08Hu et al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u65e2\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u5982\u6b64\u5bbd\u6cdb\u4e14\u8fd8\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9002\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u89c1\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u5c1a\u65e0\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u5ea6\u91cf\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u679c\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u8f83\u4f4e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u8c8c\u3002\u800c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u518d\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u884c\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f46\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ecf\u5e38\u9762\u4e34\u9700\u8981\u505a\u51fa\u96c6\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u5171\u540c\u534f\u5546\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9075\u5faa\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u5904\u7406\u96c6\u4f53\u51b3\u5b9a\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u6700\u91cd\u8981\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4e2d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5374\u8fd8\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u6e90\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u51b3\u7b56\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08Valentini et et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u5e94\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u51b3\u7b56\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u4ef7\u503c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2017\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u51b3\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/span>\uff08majority-rule\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u9009<\/strong>\u4e3e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\uff08voter model\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5747\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u4e2d100\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u603b\u662f\u504f\u597d\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u8bbe\u5176\u4e2d\u5730\u70b9 A \u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u5730\u70b9 B \u2208 {0.5,0.9}\u3002\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u4f1a\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea4\u66ff\u884c\u52a8\uff1a\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u671f<\/strong>\u524d\u5f80\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u610f\u89c1\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u73af\u5883\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u8d28\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4f30\u6d4b\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u5411\u5171\u540c\u5730\u533a\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u5e7f\u64ad\u5176\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u671f<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u64ad\u671f\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u671f\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u5e94\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6570\u51b3\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u5c06\u628a\u610f\u89c1\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90bb\u5c45\u6240\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u610f\u89c1<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u9009\u4e3e\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u4f1a\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u90bb\u5c45\u7684\u610f\u89c1<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2014\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u90bb\u57df\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u6570<\/span>\uff08cardinality\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u4f1a\u67095\u4e2a\u90bb\u5c45\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe3. \u5730\u70b9A\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\u533a\u57df\uff09\u3001\u5de2\u7a74\uff08\u767d\u8272\u533a\u57df\uff09\u548c\u5730\u70b9B\uff08\u84dd\u8272\u533a\u57df\uff09\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u73af\u5883\u56fe\u793a\u3002\u5b9e\u5fc3\u5706\u4ee3\u8868\u5904\u4e8e\u4f20\u64ad\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\uff0c\u7a7a\u5706\u5708\u4ee3\u8868\u5904\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u3002\u989c\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9 A\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u8868\u793a\u9009\u62e9 B\u3002\u56fe\u81ea Valentini et al. 2018<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u591a\u6570\u51b3\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u6bd4\u540e\u8005\u66f4\u5feb<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u66f4\u4f4e<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4b\uff09\uff08\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u53c2\u89c1 Valentini et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe4. a \u5171\u8bc6\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5bf9\u6570\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff09\uff0cb \u6a21\u62df\u6536\u655b\u4e8e\u5730\u70b9A\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0cc \u5728N=100\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u504f\u597d\u5730\u70b9A\u4ee3\u7406\u6570\uff08\u5982 {10,11,…,90} \uff09\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u591a\u6570\u51b3\u89c4\u5219 <\/span>\ud835\udf0c\ud835\udc35<\/sub><\/span><\/math-formula>(\ud835\udc40\ud835\udc45) \u2208 {0.5,0.9}\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\ud835\udf0c\ud835\udc35<\/sub><\/span><\/math-formula>(\ud835\udc49\ud835\udc40) \u2208 {0.5,0.9} \u3002\u6570\u5b57\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528LOESS\u56de\u5f52<\/strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u6ed1\u6761\u4ef6\u5747\u503c\u548c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u8de8\u5ea6\u4e3a0.1\u3002\u56fe\u81ea Valentini et al 2018<\/span>
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\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5e94\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\u89c4\u5219<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u591a\u6570\u51b3\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u4ece\u5468\u56f4\u90bb\u5c45\u90a3\u91cc\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u7a7a\u95f4\u591a\u4f53\u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe3\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0e\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u968f\u7740\u96c6\u4f53\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ece\u90bb\u5c45\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7126\u70b9\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u7740\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5bbd\u677e\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5c40\u57df\u89c4\u5219\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u5b83\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u8981\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4ee5\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7279\u5f81\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u6cf0\u8bfa\u80f8\u8681<\/span>\uff08Temnothorax ants\uff09<\/span>\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/span>\uff08tandem running behavior\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u79cd\u767d\u8681\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83<\/span>\uff08Valentini et al. 2020\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7cbe\u5de2\u6563\u767d\u8681<\/span>\uff08Reticulitermes speratus\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e73\u767d\u8681<\/span>\uff08Coptotermes formosanus\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7126\u6cf0\u8bfa\u80f8\u8681\u7684\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u548c\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u8682\u8681\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u5730\u70b9\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u8682\u8681\uff08\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\uff09\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0d\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u8682\u8681\uff08\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\uff09<\/strong>\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5c0f\u6bb5\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u5219\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5f53\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5730\u6807\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09\uff08Bowens et al. 2013\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u4e0e\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u63a5\u89e6\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u590d\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cc\u5411\u53cd\u9988<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u5f15\u5bfc\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u8ddf\u968f\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0e\u6cf0\u8bfa\u80f8\u8681\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u767d\u8681\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u96cc\u96c4\u767d\u8681\u592b\u5987\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u65b0\u5de2\u5740\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002\u767d\u8681\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5de2\u5740<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8681\u7fa4\u7eb5\u5217\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u548c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u9053\uff1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8-\u65cb\u8f6c\u7ed3\u5408<\/strong>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5bf9\u7eb5\u5217\u5bf9\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fde\u7eed\u8f68\u8ff9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u9053\uff1a\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u4e0d\u79fb\u52a8<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u65cb\u8f6c\u901a\u9053\uff1a\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u6216\u9006\u65f6\u9488<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u8fd0\u52a8-\u65cb\u8f6c\u901a\u9053\uff1a\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u9006\u65f6\u9488\u79fb\u52a8<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u80f8\u8681\u548c\u767d\u8681\u7684\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u548c\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u767d\u8681\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb5\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u64cd\u63a7\u7740\u8fd9\u5bf9\u8682\u8681\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u9762<\/span>\uff08\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u65cb\u8f6c\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u6cf0\u8bfa\u80f8\u8681\u5374\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4e0e\u76ee\u524d\u89c2\u70b9\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u548c\u8ddf\u968f\u8005\u8682\u8681\u90fd\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684”\u9886\u5bfc”\u89d2\u8272<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u770b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005\u6307\u6325\u7740\u8681\u5bf9\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u51b3\u5b9a\u8681\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u662f\u8ddf\u968f\u8005<\/strong>\u3002\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6cf0\u8bfa\u80f8\u8681\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u8005-\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u7ec4\u5408\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u4ea4\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8681\u5bf9\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7f16\u7801\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u51fa\u800c\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u91cf\u5316\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u7531\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u51b3\u7b56\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

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    <\/section>\n<\/h2>\n

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    <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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    5. \u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/section>\n

    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


    <\/p>\n

    \u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u523b\u753b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81f3\u5c11\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u6027\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981<\/span>\uff08Ellis et al. 2011; Griffiths et al. 2015; Auletta et al. 2008; Davies 2011; Roederer 2006\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e3a\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u590d\u6742\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u5b83\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u8026\u662f\u5408\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u5c40\u90e8\u4ea4\u4e92\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u56fe\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u76f8\u540c\u7684”\u884c\u4e3a”\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u56fe\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Hanson & Walker 2019\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u56de\u987e\u4ee5\u524d\u6709\u5173\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u6d8c\u73b0\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u63a7\u6027<\/strong>\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u67b6\u6784\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5411\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u547d\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8fc8\u8fdb\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6d89\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u9898\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff08Munoz 2018; Liu & Barab\u00e1si 2016; Oizumi et al. 2014\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

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    \n

    Criticality \u4e34\u754c\u6027<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/p>\n<\/h3>\n

    \u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f80\u5f80\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f4d<\/span>\uff08phases\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7ec4\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u5f80\u5f80\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u3002\u5f53\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong><\/span>\uff08phase transitions\uff09<\/span>\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6270\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u53d8\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76f8<\/span>\uff08&erson 1972\uff1bStanley 1971\uff1bChaikin & Lubensky 2000\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u732e\u90fd\u5047\u8bbe\u751f\u547d\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u975e\u751f\u547d<\/span>\uff08\u968f\u673a\uff09<\/span>\u805a\u96c6\u6001\u4e2d\u751f\u547d\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08&erson 1972\uff1bHopfield 1994\uff1bPollack & Clegg 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7cfb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\uff1a\u7a33\u5b9a<\/strong>\u548c\u6df7\u6c8c<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u4e34\u754c<\/strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u653e\u7535\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u7684<\/span>\uff08Beggs 2007; Haldeman & Beggs 2005; Mora & Bialek 2011\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6709\u5e8f\u9636\u6bb5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u9002\u5e94<\/strong>\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6df7\u6c8c\u9636\u6bb5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u800c\u7f3a\u5c11\u9c81\u68d2\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u8c03\u6574\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u5316\u9009\u62e9\uff09\u5230\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\uff0c<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e34\u754c\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5185\u7a33\u6001\u548c\u53ef\u8fdb\u5316\u6027\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6807\u5fd7<\/span>\uff08Kauffman 1993\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u63a8\u6d4b\u4f1a\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u9636\u6bb5\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/span>\uff08Turing 1950; Crutchfield & Young 1988; Packard 1988\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u731c\u60f3\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u8ba1\u7b97\u4fe1\u606f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6709\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b<\/span>\uff08Kauffman 1993\uff09<\/span>\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u70b9<\/span>\uff08Langton 1990\uff09<\/span>\u9644\u8fd1\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cMitchell<\/span>\uff082006\uff09<\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4fe1\u606f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u968f\u540e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5728\u5176\u4e34\u754c\u9636\u6bb5\u88ab\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Sol\u00e9 & Valverde 2001; Kinouchi & Copelli 2006; Ribeiro et al. 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f Lizier \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082008a\uff09<\/span>\u66fe\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee5\u524d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/span>\uff08RBNs\uff0cKauffman 1993\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u52a8\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u968f\u673a\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08GRNs\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u91cf\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/span>\uff08Lizier et al. 2008a\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5178\u578b\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u8fd1\u4f3c<\/strong><\/span>\uff08mean-field approximations\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u7fa4<\/strong><\/span>\uff08renormalization group\uff09<\/span>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u548c\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6240\u4f7f\u7528<\/span> [\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5411\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u6e21\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u89c1 Walker & Davies \uff082013\uff09]<\/span>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5e73\u5747\u573a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u7eed\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u7fa4\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u523b\u753b\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u4e34\u754c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDaniels \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082018\uff09<\/span>\u6700\u8fd1\u8bc1\u660e\u4e8667\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u56e0\u679c\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u968f\u673a\u96c6\u5408\u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5c5e\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4e34\u754c\u7279\u6027\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3002\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u968f\u673a\u57fa\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8d28<\/span>\uff08Serra 2019\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u6211\u4eec\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5728\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861<\/span>\uff08Walker et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7279\u6027\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4ece\u7a33\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff09<\/span>\u5230\u6df7\u6c8c\u9636\u6bb5<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff09<\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e34\u754c\u8f6c\u53d8\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7279\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    Control kernel \u63a7\u5236\u6838<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/p>\n<\/h3>\n

    \u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u65e8\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u7406\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u52a8\u6001\u8f68\u8ff9\u6216\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08Liu & Barab\u00e1si 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u65bd\u52a0\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u679c\u5e72\u9884\u6765\u6539\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002\u5f15\u5bfc\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u5230\u8fbe\u671f\u671b\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u8206\u8bba\u52a8\u6001\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5230\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\uff0c\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u5316\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6606\u866b\u7684\u5de2\u7a74\u9009\u62e9\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u63a7\u5236\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002Liu \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082011\uff09<\/span>\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6709\u5411\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\uff08driver nodes\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4f4e\u5ea6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u603b\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u5927\u591a\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u65e2\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u8f68\u8ff9\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7ec4\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u8f68\u8ff9\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u8db3\u591f\u7684<\/span>\uff08Cornelius  et al. 2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u578b\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u80fd\u9a71\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u671f\u671b\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u8981\u66f4\u5927<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Liu et al. 2011; Kim et al. 2013; Gates & Rocha 2016; Choo et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u91cf\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\u89c6\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Walker et al. 2016; Kim et al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u975e\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    Causal emergence \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/p>\n<\/h3>\n

    \u8bc6\u522b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u6d8c\u73b0\u884c\u4e3a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u5f88\u590d\u6742<\/span>\uff08\u5766\u7387\u5730\u8bb2\u5b83\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u56e0\u4e3a\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u641e\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u54ea\u79cd\u5c3a\u5ea6\u662f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u9996\u9009<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u56e0\u7ed3\u6784\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6700\u4f4e<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\uff09<\/span>\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u4e3b\u56e0\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7c97\u7565\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8<\/span>\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\uff09<\/span>\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8d21\u732e<\/span>\uff08Kim 1993\uff0c2000\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5404\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u88ab\u4e00\u518d\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u4ece\u8868\u89c2\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5230\u8681\u7fa4\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u5b9a\u6027\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u8fd1 Hoel \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082013\uff09<\/span>\u548c Hoel<\/span>\uff082017\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3001\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6709\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u4ece\u5c40\u90e8<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\uff09<\/span>\u5c42\u6b21\u56e0\u679c\u6df1\u5165\u6d1e\u6089\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u5168\u5c40<\/span>\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\uff09<\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u6001\u8f6c\u5411\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    \u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/strong>\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

    \n


    <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \u5982\u4e0a\u8282\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u82e5\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5374\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5c0f\u6545\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u901a\u8def\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5019\u9009\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u57fa\u4e8e\u6700\u8fd1 Daniels \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082018\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u96c6\u7fa4\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span>\uff08Helikar et al. 2012\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u768467\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u8c03\u63a7\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cKim \u7b49<\/span>\uff082013\uff09<\/span>\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u2014\u2014\u63a7\u5236\u7ec6\u80de\u7f51\u7edc\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u72b6\u6001\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8282\u70b9\u96c6<\/strong>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u53ea\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u540c\u7c7b\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5e76\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5176\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u7c9f\u9152\u88c2\u6b96\u9175\u6bcd<\/span>\uff08S.pombe\uff0cFission Yeast\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08Walker al. 2016\uff1bKim al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u88c2\u6b96\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

    <\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    \u4ee5\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u5bf9\u88c2\u6b96\u9175\u6bcd\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21<\/span>\uff08\u56fe5\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5171\u67099\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u86cb\u767d\u7ec4\u6210<\/span>\uff08Davidich & Bornholdt\uff0c2008\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a G1-S-G2-M \u56db\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\uff1a\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u957f\u5230DNA\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a0\u62161\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u5176\u7f3a\u5931\u6216\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u96c6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8282\u70b9\u751f\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6291\u5236\u548c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5c06\u5c40\u90e8\u52a8\u529b\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u957f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u8d77\u70b9\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u91cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u518d\u73b0\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4ece512\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u59cb\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u5176\u666f\u89c2\u5c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u52a8\u6001\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u5305\u62ec13\u4e2a\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u8f68\u8ff9\u90fd\u4f1a\u6536\u655b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u52a8\u529b\u7279\u6027\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u6536\u655b\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u5206\u4e3a13\u4e2a\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u5b50\u7fa4\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea674%\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u7ed3\u675f\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u5b50<\/span>\uff08Davidich & Bornholdt 2008\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    Kim \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082013\uff09<\/span>\u6700\u8fd1\u5173\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u8c03\u63a7\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u72b6\u6001\u666f\u89c2\u6536\u655b\u5230\u4e3b\u5438\u5f15\u5b50<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u8fd0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5b50\u96c6<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u88c2\u6b96\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u67094\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5f53 Rum1\u3001 we1\u3001 Ste9 \u548c Cdc25 \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a1\u30011\u30011\u30010 \uff0c\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5728\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u4e3b\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u6bcf\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u5316\u8f68\u8ff9\u90fd\u4f1a\u8d8b\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

    \n
    \u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e3a\u4f8b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


    <\/p>\n<\/h4>\n

    \u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d<\/span>\uff08Kim et al. 2015\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5bf9\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u88c2\u53d8\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u533a\u5206\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u96c6\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5206\u6790\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u6784\u5efa\u4e3a\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9175\u6bcd\u7f51\u7edc\u5171\u4eab\u67d0\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u62d3\u6251\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u4e86 Erd\u00f6s-R\u00e9nyi <\/span>\uff08ER\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u65e0\u6807\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08SF\uff09<\/span>\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u96c6\u6210\u3002ER\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5927\u5c0f\u5916\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u504f\u5411\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cSF\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u548c\u6291\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97SF\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5904\u7406\u7684\u603b\u4fe1\u606f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u603b\u548c<\/strong>\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u6bd4\u4efb\u4f55\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u591a<\/span>\uff08\u56fe6a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u6216\u4e00\u822c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd9\u70b9\u88ab\u5b9a\u91cf\u5730\u6e05\u695a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u5bf9\u8282\u70b9\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u5206\u6790\u7f29\u653e\u6807\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6807\u5ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u503c<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u56fe6b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5747\u5300<\/strong>\u3002\u6807\u5ea6\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e0a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u9ad8-\u4e2d\u7b49\u7ea7\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e0a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u7531\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u975e\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u56fe6c\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u533a\u522b\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u6709\u5173\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u56e0\u679c<\/span>\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d41\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8c03\u8282\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/section>\n

    \u56fe5\uff1a\u88c2\u6b96\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u8c03\u63a7\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u8fb9\u7f18\u8868\u793a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u751f\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff08\u4ee5\u7bad\u5934\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff09\u548c\u6291\u5236\uff08\u4ee5\u6761\u5f62\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u6838\uff0c\u5f53\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u6839\u636e Davidich \u548c Bornholdt\uff082008\uff09\u548c Kim \u7b49\u4eba\uff082013\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/span>
    <\/p>\n

     <\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/section>\n

    \u56fe6\uff1a\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002a  ER\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\u548c SF\uff08\u84dd\u8272\uff09\u7f51\u7edc\u96c6\u6210\u5904\u7406\u603b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u5728x\u8f74\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002b \u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u6210\u5bf9\u8282\u70b9\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\uff0cER\u548cSF\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u522b\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u84dd\u8272\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e1000\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u3002\u865a\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8868\u793a\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6807\u5ea6\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e0a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002c \u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u3002CK \u8868\u793a\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u800c NCK \u5219\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u6838\u5185\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6240\u793a\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u88c2\u53d8\u9175\u6bcd\u4f20\u9012\u71b5\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5728CK\u8fd8\u662f\u5728NCK\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u5ea6\u6a21\u5f0f\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u6765\u81ea Kim \u7b49\uff082015\uff09\uff08\u5728\u7ebf\u5f69\u8272\u56fe\uff09<\/span>
    <\/p>\n

     <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/h2>\n

    \n

     <\/span><\/p>\n<\/h4>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    <\/section>\n

    <\/section>\n
    \n
    <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
    \n

    6. \u975e\u751f\u547d\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/section>\n

    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


    <\/p>\n

    \u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u7fa4\u72ec\u6709\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5728\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u3001\u7eaf\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u3002\u5f15\u529b\u4f53<\/span>\uff08Gravitating bodies\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u6c14\u4f53<\/span>\uff08Van der Waals gases\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u81ea\u65cb\u73bb\u7483<\/span>\uff08spin glasses\uff09<\/span>\u90fd\u662f\u6f5c\u5728\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7eaf\u7269\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ece\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8026\u5408\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6838\u67e5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5bf9\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7684\u5168\u9762\u56de\u987e\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8026\u5408\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u82e5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u63a7\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6574\u4e2a\u5e0c\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684<\/span>\uff08Schirmer et al. 2003\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u7ed9\u5b9a\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u63a7\u5236\u91cf\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u8026\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u65cb-1\/2\u7c92\u5b50\u94fe\u5c06\u662f\u5728\u6781\u5176\u7cbe\u7ec6\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5916\u90e8\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0eLiu \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082011\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u4e5f\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cBurgarth \u7b49\u4eba<\/span>\uff082009\uff09<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u5411\u540c\u6027\u6d77\u68ee\u5821\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\uff08isotropic Heisenberg-type\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u81ea\u65cb\u4e3a-1\/2\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u94fe\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u975e\u5bf9\u6613<\/span>\uff08non-commuting\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u94fe\u672b\u7aef\u5355\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u5177\u6709XY\u578b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6d77\u68ee\u5821\u578b\u81ea\u65cb\u94fe\u4e2d<\/span>\uff08Z\u81ea\u65cb\u5206\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u8026\u5408\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u64cd\u7eb5\u5355\u4e2a\u4f4d\u70b9\u53ca\u4e0e\u90bb\u8fd1\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027<\/span>\uff08Schirmer et al. 2008\uff1bKay & Pemberton-Ross 2010\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u65cb\u94fe\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5982\u6b64\u5bb9\u6613\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f0a\u8f9b\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Ising-type\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u81ea\u65cb\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7<\/span>\uff08Wang et al. 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u5224\u65ad\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u5f88\u96be\u77e5\u9053\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u975e\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7eaf\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u5c40\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u7eb5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e”\u63a7\u5236\u6838”\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff1a\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u5185\u7684\u65e0\u6807\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u5c11\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u7eb5\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5728\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u4f3c<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u201d\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/h2>\n

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     <\/span><\/p>\n<\/h4>\n

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    <\/section>\n

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    <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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    7. \u8ba8\u8bba<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/section>\n

    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


    <\/p>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5c3a\u5ea6\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u6b63\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u51b3\u5b9a\u751f\u547d\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0a<\/span>\uff08Nurse 2008\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u975e\u771f\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u672c\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u987e\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u653e\u7535<\/span>\uff08Honey et al. 2007\uff1bVakorin et al. 2009\uff1bIto et al. 2011\uff1bLizier et al. 2011\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5230\u9c7c\u7fa4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08Butail et al. 2014\uff0c2016\uff1bMwaffo et al 2017\uff1bCrosato et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012<\/span>\uff08Chong et al. 2011\uff1bRhee et al. 2012\uff1bSelimkhanov et al. 2014\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u6709\u6bd4\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u66f4\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/span>\uff08Bialek 2012\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u6700\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u533a\u5206\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Clel& & Chyba 2002; Davies & Walker 2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6784\u6210\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u5bf9\u5916\u661f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u63a2\u7d22<\/span>\uff08Walker 2017\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u52aa\u529b\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/span>\uff08Cronin & Walker\uff0c2016\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u661f\u7403<\/span>\uff08Walker et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\u5bfb\u627e\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4ece\u975e\u751f\u547d\u5230\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5c0f\u5f84\uff0c\u6216\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u660e\u786e\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5df2\u77e5\u751f\u547d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u969c\u788d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6765\u9694\u79bb\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6807\u51c6\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/span>\uff08Schr\u00f6dinger 1992; Hoffmann 2012\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u975e\u751f\u547d\u548c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4ea6\u6216\u8bb8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u533a\u5206\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u8ba9\u751f\u547d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u8c31\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u7c7b\u751f\u547d\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u884c\u661f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6587\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u80fd\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u653e\u7f6e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5176\u4e2d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u4e25\u683c\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u754c\u5b9a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8db3\u591f\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u4ecb\u8d28\u548c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e2d\u91cf\u5316\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5019\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u51fa\u7fa4\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5fc5\u987b\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u91cf\u5316\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u89c1\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7c7b\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u51b3\u7b56\uff09<\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5355\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u63d0\u53d6\u751f\u7269\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u7535\u573a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7279\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u751f\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u7845\u7247\u6811\u8102\u6216\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u540e\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6f6e\u6e7f\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u6a21\u578b\u533a\u5206\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u201c\u7c7b\u751f\u547d\u201d\u548c\u4e25\u683c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u884c\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f46\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8de8\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u67b6\u6784\u201d\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u83b7\u5c40\u90e8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u5c06\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u5929\u771f\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u7845\u7247\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u771f\u5b9e\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u654f\u611f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u5efa\u6a21\u8005\u4f1a\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u751f\u547d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8d8a\u6216\u8d85\u51fa\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6cd5\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u5916\u663e\u7f16\u7801<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u89c4\u5219\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65<\/span>\uff08Walker&Davies 2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4f4e\u7ef4\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5230\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u4fe1\u9053<\/strong>\u3002\u5411\u524d\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u53ef\u80fd\u9053\u8def\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u6d3b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cb9\u6ef4\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u7269\u7279\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u6a21\u62df<\/span>\uff08Taylor et al. 2017\uff1bPoints et al. 2018\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u9014\u5f84\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a2\u7d22\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8981\u505a\uff1b\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u96c6\u7fa4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f55\u65f6\u53ef\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u671d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u8fc8\u51fa\u6b65\u4f10\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u5e76\u4fc3\u4f7f\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u539f\u6587\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
    https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12064-020-00331-5<\/span><\/section>\n

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     <\/span><\/section>\n
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    \u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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    \u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81eaNature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span>
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    \u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong>
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