{"id":26934,"date":"2021-06-11T19:21:48","date_gmt":"2021-06-11T11:21:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=26934"},"modified":"2021-06-11T19:21:48","modified_gmt":"2021-06-11T11:21:48","slug":"science%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%88%e5%90%91%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e4%ba%92%e8%81%94%e7%bd%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=26934","title":{"rendered":"Science\uff1a\u8fc8\u5411\u91cf\u5b50\u4e92\u8054\u7f51"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1. \u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5f53\u4e00\u675f\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u84dd\u8272\u6fc0\u5149\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6676\u4f53\u91cc\u5176\u53d8\u6210\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u90fd\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9\u80fd\u91cf\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c92\u5b50\u201c\u7ea0\u7f20\u201d\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u540c\u5375\u53cc\u80de\u80ce\u4e00\u6837\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f4f\u5728\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5374\u77e5\u9053\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e00\u56e2\u4e71\u9ebb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f7b\u8f7b\u5730\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u4e91<\/span>\uff08<\/span>clouds of atoms\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u201c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u6362\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u50cf\u9b54\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u77f3\u6eaa\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f0a\u767b\u00b7\u83f2\u683c\u7f57\u4e9a<\/span>\uff08Eden Figueroa\uff09<\/span>\u6b23\u559c\u82e5\u72c2\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u957f\u51f3\u4e0a\u70ae\u5236\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5806\u6ee1\u4e86\u955c\u5934\u548c\u955c\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe1\uff1a\u4f0a\u767b\u00b7\u83f2\u683c\u7f57\u4e9a (Eden Figueroa) \u6b63\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f15\u5165\u4e92\u8054\u4e16\u754c<\/span><\/p>\n


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1969\u5e7410\u670829\u65e5\u665a<\/span>\uff08\u5373Woodstock\u97f3\u4e50\u8282\u521a\u7ed3\u675f2\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u8d8a\u6218\u6b63\u5728\u7206\u53d1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u6069<\/span>\uff08Charley Kline\uff09<\/span>\u5411\u4f4d\u4e8e\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u95e8\u6d1b\u5e15\u514b\u7684\u65af\u5766\u798f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e2d500\u591a\u516c\u91cc\u5916\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network\uff0cARPANET\uff09<\/span>\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u53cc\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u2014\u2014\u514b\u83b1\u6069\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u201clogin\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u4e4b\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u201clo\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u2014\u2014\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5df2\u7ecf\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5927\u7ea6 20 \u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u731c\u6d4b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a7f\u68ad\u4e8e\u66f4\u5947\u7279\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1994\u5e74\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6fc0\u52a8\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u8096\u5c14<\/span>\uff08Peter Shor\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7834\u89e3\u5f53\u65f6\u9886\u5148\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002\u8096\u5c14\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5177\u6709\u4f7f\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u7684\u6216\u51b7\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u540c\u65f6\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u201c\u53e0\u52a0\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u7206\u70b8\u7ea7\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u2014\u2014\u7834\u89e3\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u82b1\u8d39\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u91cf\u5b50\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6781\u5927\u5730\u589e\u5f3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4f46\u662f\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u53f0\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u4ee4\u4eba\u5374\u6b65\u4e86\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ea0\u7f20\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u8106\u5f31\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u5916\u754c\u6d4b\u91cf\u6216\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e72\u6270\u65f6\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5927\u591a\u88ab\u89c4\u5212\u5230\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u83f2\u683c\u7f57\u4e9a\u6253\u8da3\u8bf4\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u5c31\u50cf\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u9ae6\u7248\u672c\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u59cb\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u65b0\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279<\/span>\uff08quantum bits\uff0cqubits\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4eca\u5929\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51e0\u4e2a\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u7ea0\u7f20\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u591a\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u201d\u4ee3\u5c14\u592b\u7279\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u59ae\u00b7\u97e6\u7eb3<\/span>\uff08Stephanie Wehner\uff09<\/span>\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3. \u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u4e2a\u7ea0\u7f20\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u5177\u89c4\u6a21\u30022017\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u662f\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u4e00\u9897\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u58a8\u5b50\u53f7\u201d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u536b\u661f\u5c06\u7ea0\u7f20\u7c92\u5b50\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u76f8\u8ddd 1200 \u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5730\u9762\u7ad9<\/span>\uff08Science<\/em>, 16 June 2017, p. 1110\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6210\u5c31\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86 2018 \u5e74\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cf\u5b50\u5021\u8bae\u300b\u6cd5\u6848<\/span>\uff08National Quantum Initiative Act<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u7531\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u6717\u666e<\/span>\uff08Donald Trump\uff09<\/span>\u7b7e\u7f72\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u90e8<\/span>\uff08The Department of Energy\uff0cDOE\uff09<\/span>\u5728 4 \u6708\u4efd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u8fdb\u7f8e\u56fd\u91cf\u5b50\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u65a5\u8d442500\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7528\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u201c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u8be5\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u7ee7\u7eed\u5e76\u6269\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3002\u201d\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u9886\u5bfc\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u90e8\u79d1\u5b66\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u00b7\u6cd5\u5c14<\/span>\uff08Chris Fall\uff09<\/span>\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6f58\u5efa\u4f1f\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5176\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u6839\u636e1\u6708\u4efd Nature <\/em>\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7ea0\u7f20\u7c92\u5b50\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8d8a 4600 \u591a\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5149\u7ea4\u548c\u975e\u91cf\u5b50\u4e2d\u7ee7\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u66f4\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u91cf\u5b50\u901a\u4fe1\u884c\u4e1a\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u5bc6\u94a5\u5206\u53d1<\/span>\uff08Quantum Key Distribution\uff0cQKD\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u521d\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u3002QKD\u4f7f\u53cc\u65b9\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7ea0\u7f20\u5149\u5b50\u5bf9\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u65f6\u6d4b\u91cf\u6765\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5bc6\u94a5\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u6216\u7a83\u542c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u5e72\u9884\u6d4b\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u6e20\u9053\u4f20\u9012\u3002QKD \u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u745e\u58eb\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u94f6\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u4e13\u5bb6\u8d28\u7591\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u5df2\u77e5\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ecShor\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cQKD\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8282\u70b9\u4ecd\u7136\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6210\u719f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u201c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u4f20\u8f93\u7ea0\u7f20\u7c92\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u9f50\u9ed8\u66fc<\/span>\uff08Neil Zimmerman\uff09<\/span>\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u5c06\u7ea0\u7f20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span>\uff08Science<\/em>, 19 October 2018, 10.1126\/science.aam9288\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8fd8\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u76f2\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Blind quantum computing\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u4f4d\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u836f\u7269\u548c\u6750\u6599\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u6216\u80a1\u7968\u4ea4\u6613\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4e0d\u6cc4\u9732\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ece\u8fdc\u5904\u8fd0\u884c\u91cf\u5b50\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ea0\u7f20\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u672c\u5730\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u2014\u2014\u5229\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u6cc4\u6f0f\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u201c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76f2\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u975e\u5e38\u6f02\u4eae\u3002\u201d\u56e0\u65af\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7279\u857e\u897f\u00b7\u8bfa\u745f\u666e<\/span>\uff08Tracy Northup\uff09<\/span>\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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5. \u91cf\u5b50\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5668\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u5b8c\u5168\u7ea0\u7f20\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08<\/span>fully entangled networks\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u30022015 \u5e74\uff0c\u9b4f\u7eb3<\/span>\uff08Wehner\uff09<\/span>\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u5c06\u5149\u5b50\u4e0e\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u81ea\u65cb\u7ea0\u7f20\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5305\u88f9\u5728\u4ee3\u5c14\u592b\u7279\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u76f8\u8ddd1.3\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u4e24\u9897\u5c0f\u94bb\u77f3\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5149\u5b50\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ad9\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u7ea0\u7f20\u94bb\u77f3\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8be5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u201c\u8c03\u5236\u201d\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe\u51e0\u5fae\u79d2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u4ee3\u5c14\u592b\u7279\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u9b4f\u7eb3\u548c\u5979\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4e5f\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u94bb\u77f3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7845\u3002\u4e0a\u4e2a\u6708\u5728 Science <\/em>\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e09\u9897\u94bb\u77f3\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u578b\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u5149\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u94bb\u77f3\uff1aAlice\u548cBob\u3002\u5728Bob\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea0\u7f20\u4ece\u6c2e\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u78b3\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u957f\u5bff\u547d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728Bob\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9897\u94bb\u77f3Charlie\u4e4b\u95f4\u91cd\u590d\u7ea0\u7f20\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9 Bob\u7684\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u78b3\u6838\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u5408\u6d4b\u91cf\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ea0\u7f20\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u9897\u94bb\u77f3\uff0c\u5373Alice\u5230Charlie\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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6. \u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5efa\u8bbe\u91cf\u5b50\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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