{"id":27744,"date":"2021-07-25T23:36:37","date_gmt":"2021-07-25T15:36:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=27744"},"modified":"2021-07-25T23:36:37","modified_gmt":"2021-07-25T15:36:37","slug":"%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e8%83%bd%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%9a%e9%9d%9e%e5%b9%b3%e8%a1%a1%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%81%e8%83%bd%e9%87%8f%e4%bb%a3%e8%b0%a2%e4%b8%8e%e7%bb%86%e8%83%9e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=27744","title":{"rendered":"\u7269\u7406\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u91cf\u5b66\uff1a\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u4ea4\u53c9"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Xingbo Yang\u3001Matthias Heinemann\u3001Jonathon Howard\u7b49<\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8d75\u96e8\u4ead<\/span> | \u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/26\/e2026786118<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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1. \u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u51c0\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u6765\u81ea\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u5728\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u70ed\u91cf\u6216\u5e9f\u7269\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982ATP\uff09\uff08\u56fe2\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u52a8\u901f\u7387\u6216\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u6765\u91cf\u5316[22]\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65bd\u52a0\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u957f\u901f\u7387[4]\u6216\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7ec6\u80de\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u901f\u5ea6-\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u6743\u8861[8-10]\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63ed\u793a\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u5316\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u56de\u987e\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u6d4b\u91cf\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3001\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u4f4d\u7684\u51c0\u901a\u91cf\u6765\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u8017\u6c27\u7387\u6216\u4ea7\u70ed\u7387\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u6d88\u8017ATP\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u7684\u901a\u91cf\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u5c55\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f[23,24]\u6216\u53d1\u80b2\u671f\u95f4[25\u201329]\uff1b\u6216\u6052\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u4e8e\u7a33\u6001\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u3001\u5904\u5728\u51cf\u6570\u5206\u88c2II\u65f6\u505c\u6ede\u7684\u5375\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de[30]\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u5e94\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u6216\u4ea7\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7684\u6269\u6563\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27[31-34]\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5f88\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807[23,24,27,29]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9014\u5f84\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u73af\u5883\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u73b0\u6709\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9176\u5b66\u5df2\u88ab\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7ec6\u80de\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5c11\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u524d\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u7ec6\u80de\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8017\u6563\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u901f\u7387\u3002\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u74e6\u7279\u6216\u7126\u8033\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u529f\u7387\u5355\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u751f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5168\u5c40\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u7113\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf[23,24,27,35\u201340]\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u6c27\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u547c\u5438\u6d4b\u91cf\u6cd5\u6d4b\u91cf[41\u201343]\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8017\u6c27\u7387<\/span>\uff08oxygen consumption rate\uff0cOCR\uff09<\/span>\u3002OCR\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u547c\u5438\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u70ed\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53\u4e0e\u547c\u5438\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6c27\u6d88\u8017\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u65f6[44,45]\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u547c\u5438\u7684\u51c0\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u71c3\u70e7\uff0c\u5f53\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0cOCR\u4e0e\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6851\u987f\u6cd5\u5219<\/span>\uff08Thornton\u2019s rule\uff09<\/span>[46]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cOCR\u6d4b\u91cf\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u95f4\u63a5\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe2. \u5178\u578b\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u4ee3\u8868\u6765\u81ea\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u7387\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u80de\u6d3b\u52a8\u5230\u5e9f\u7269\u3001\u751f\u7269\u8d28\u6216\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u7070\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u8868\u793a\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u7113\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4ea7\u70ed\u7387\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6c27\u751f\u7269\uff0cOCR\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6851\u987f\u89c4\u5219[46]\u4e0e\u4ea7\u70ed\u7387\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7531\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u901a\u91cf\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u6d88\u8017ATP\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u3002<\/span>
<\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5\u548cOCR\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee3\u8c22\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d4b\u91cf\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5168\u5c40\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u6570\u3002\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u901a\u91cf\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5df2\u5e94\u7528\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u540c\u4f4d\u7d2014<\/sup>C\u6807\u8bb0\u7b49\u751f\u5316\u6280\u672f\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u6b64\u7c7b\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5149\u5408\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u901a\u91cf[47]\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8d28\u8c31\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c13<\/sup>C\u4ee3\u8c22\u901a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6280\u672f[48]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u6d89\u53ca\u7834\u574f\u6027\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u901a\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u8c22\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u7fa4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e73\u5747\u4ee3\u8c22\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u6d4b\u91cf\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u968f\u673a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u957f\u7684\u673a\u5236[49,50]\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u632f\u8361\u4ee3\u8c22\u52a8\u529b\u5b66[51]\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u6d4b\u91cf\u5728\u63ed\u793a\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7a7a\u95f4\u6548\u5e94\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5851\u9020\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u5316\u6709\u5173[52,53]\u3002\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u662f\u5173\u952e\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6[31]\u548c\u5185\u8d28\u7f51[32]\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u819c\u7535\u4f4d[54]\u548c\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\u5e8f\u5217[55]\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u9176\u8fd8\u4e0e\u808c\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u901a\u91cf\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u673a\u68b0\u73af\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765[56]\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5305\u62ecATP[57]\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u578b\u70df\u9170\u80fa\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e8c\u6838\u82f7\u9178<\/span> (NADH) <\/span>[58]\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7cd6[59]\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u4e9a\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u5e03\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u8367\u5149\u663e\u5fae\u955c[57-64]\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u4ee5\u4e9a\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u7684\u901a\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u3002\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u5375\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u4e9a\u7ec6\u80de\u7a7a\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f[30,33,34]\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8ATP\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7eba\u9524\u4f53<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3A\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u51855′-\u4e8c\u78f7\u9178\u817a\u82f7<\/span>\uff08ADP\uff09<\/span>\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u51cf\u6570\u5206\u88c2\u7eba\u9524\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660eATP\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5206\u5e03[33,34]\u3002ATP[57]\u548cATP:ADP[60]\u751f\u7269\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0eATP\u548cADP\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u53cd\u5e94\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\u5c40\u90e8ATP\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u901f\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u4f30\u8ba1\u5c40\u90e8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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2. \u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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 <\/span><\/section>\n
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 \u56fe3.\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u91cf\u6536\u652f\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\u3002(A)\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u5375\u6bcd\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u7eba\u9524\u4f53\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u3002(B)\u5728\u751f\u957f\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u8f6c\u5f55\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5408\u6210\u3002(C)\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u4e2d\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u9002\u5e94\uff0ca\u548cm\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u53cd\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5668[10]\u3002<\/span><\/span>
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 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6d4b\u91cf\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5168\u5c40\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u91cf\u70ed\u6cd5\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u5728\u6591\u9a6c\u9c7c[24]\u548c\u975e\u6d32\u722a\u87fe[23]\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u5bfc\uff0c\u80da\u80ce\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671f\u540c\u6b65\u632f\u8361\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u80da\u80ce\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u751f\u7406\u53d8\u5316\u5bf9\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6709\u8d21\u732e\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218[27,29,82-84]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e0a\u9762\u8003\u8651\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u4ee3\u8868\u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684ATP\u7b49\u4ef7\u7269\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u751f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5982\u679c\u4ee3\u8c22\u524d\u4f53\u6216\u8fd8\u539f\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210ATP\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210ATP[70]\u3002\u867d\u7136\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u8fdb\u5316\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u78b3\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u78b3\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u751f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u540e\u679c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u6210\u672c\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u91cf\u5b66\u4e0e\u8fdb\u5316\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765[69,70,85-88]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4f30\u8ba1\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c[22,69,70,78]\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u9884\u7b97\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ecd\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u4eceATP\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6291\u5236\u4f30\u8ba1\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u5b58\u5728\u6311\u6218\u3002\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0e\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caATP\u751f\u4ea7\u548cATP\u6d88\u8017\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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3. \u5f00\u653e\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u8d27\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u7684\u8017\u6563\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65bd\u52a0\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u957f\u901f\u7387\u7684\u9650\u5236[4]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4A\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u9a6c\u8fbe\u7684\u6548\u7387[5-7]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4B\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861[8\u201310]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4C\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u91cf\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u8017\u6563\u7387\u7684\u5185\u5728\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u957f\u7387\u65bd\u52a0\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u4eba\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ece\u547c\u5438\u5230\u53d1\u9175\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u5728\u9ad8\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6444\u53d6\u7387\u662f\u7531\u7ec6\u80de\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u8017\u6563\u7387\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u957f\u7387\u7531\u8be5\u9650\u5236\u51b3\u5b9a[4]<\/span> (\u56fe4A)<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u5b50\u4f20\u8f93\u94fe\u9176\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c\u6d53\u5ea6[89,90]\u548c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ec4\u5206\u914d[91]\u3002\u534f\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u5b50\u9a6c\u8fbe\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6548\u7387\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6548\u7387\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u673a\u68b0\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u9664\u4ee5\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6765\u81eaATP\u6c34\u89e3\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u660e\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u9650\u5236\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u6001\u65f6\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u6ce2\u52a8[19,92-94]\u3002\u5c06\u6b64\u5173\u7cfb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u62b5\u6297\u5916\u529b\u6216\u626d\u77e9\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u9a6c\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u7c98\u6027\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u8d27\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6548\u7387\u7684\u901a\u7528\u4e0a\u9650[95]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4B\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Harada-Sasa\u7b49\u5f0f\u5c06\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\u4e0e\u6ce2\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdd\u53cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u4f30\u8ba1\u5355\u4e2a\u9a71\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u7535\u673a\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3a20%[5]\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u7535\u673aF1-ATPase\u5df2\u88ab\u5efa\u8bae\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1100%\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8fd0\u884c[6,7]\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7535\u673a\u6548\u7387\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\u5019\u9009\u89e3\u91ca\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027[5]\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e24\u4e2a\u7535\u673a\u5728\u5411\u524d\u8fc8\u8fdb\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017ATP\uff0c\u4f46F1-ATPase\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5411\u540e\u65cb\u8f6c\u65f6\u5408\u6210ATP\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0e\u9a71\u52a8\u86cb\u767d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540e\u9000\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b88\u6052\u7684\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd0\u52a8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u538b\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df[96]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u53d7\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u7387\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u751f\u5316\u56de\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002\u5728DNA\u590d\u5236\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u5728\u590d\u5236\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u5236\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563[9]\u3002\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6821\u5bf9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7ea0\u9519\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u5f88\u91cd\u8981[8,97]\u3002\u8ddf\u8e2a\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u5e76\u4e86\u89e3\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\/\u6216\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7406\u8bba\u6311\u6218[8,10,74,76,77,98-103]\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u80fd\u91cf-\u6027\u80fd\u6743\u8861\u7684\u65b0\u89c1\u89e3\u4f7f\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6709\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u5f97\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u529f\u80fd[78\u3001104\u3001105]\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u611f\u5e94\u9002\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cGibbs\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6d88\u8017\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5316\u5b66\u5f15\u8bf1\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u5316\u5b66\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3C\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53cd\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u611f\u5b98\u9002\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u80fd\u91cf-\u901f\u5ea6-\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u6743\u8861\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u9965\u997f\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8bc1\u5b9e[10]<\/span> (\u56fe4C)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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4. \u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u9610\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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