{"id":29950,"date":"2021-11-12T22:03:31","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T14:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=29950"},"modified":"2021-11-12T22:03:31","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T14:03:31","slug":"%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%85%8b%e8%8e%b1%e4%bc%af%e5%ae%9a%e5%be%8b-%e9%9b%86%e6%99%ba%e7%99%be%e7%a7%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=29950","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u5b9a\u5f8b | \u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08Kleiber’s law\uff09\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0e\u4f53\u91cd\u7684\u00be\u6b21\u5e42\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u540d\u4e8e1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f(Max Kleiber)\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u82e5\u7528\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8bbeq0\u4e3a\u8be5\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\uff0cM\u662f\u5176\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u5219q0 ~ M\u00be\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u822c\u4e00\u53ea\u732b\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u8001\u9f20\u7684100\u500d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u91cf\u6bd4\u8001\u9f20\u7ea6\u592731\u500d\u3002\u800c\u5728\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u5219\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e1\u3002<\/span>
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Figure 1. \u4e00\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u4f53\u578b\u4e0e\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u6700\u5148\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f(1947)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u50cf\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5f02\u901f\u751f\u957f\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\/\u6216\u52a8\u7269\u5faa\u73af\u7cfb\u7edf\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u5728\u5206\u6790\u7269\u79cd\u5185\u5927\u91cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u547c\u5438\u65f6\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span>\u3002\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u60f3\u8981\u627e\u52302\u20443 \u7684\u6307\u6570\uff08\u539f\u56e0\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u76843\u20444\u7684\u6307\u6570\u6240\u8ff7\u60d1<\/span>\u3002<\/span>
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\u5bf9\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u589e\u957f\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u8d28\u91cf\u6d89\u53ca\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u50a8\u5907\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5c0f\u6210\u4f53\u6bd4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5927\u6210\u4f53\u6bcf\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u547c\u5438\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\u4e2d\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u6210\u5206\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50a8\u5907\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u5185\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\uff08\u5373\u5c0f\u7684\uff09\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u6bd4\u540c\u4e00\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u5e74\u8001\u7684\uff08\u5927\u7684\uff09\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u6bcf\u5355\u4f4d\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u547c\u5438\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u957f\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\u6240\u81f4<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6307\u65702\/3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

2\/3\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u70ed\u8870\u7aed\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u9762\u88ab\u52a8\u5730\u6563\u70ed\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u4ea7\u751f\u70ed\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6307\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u62b5\u6d88\u5e73\u65b9-\u7acb\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6307\u6570\u662f2\/3<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6309\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7f29\u653e\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u4e0e\u4f53\u79ef\u6bd4\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4f30\u8ba1\u4f3c\u4e4e\u786e\u5b9e\u548c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u6210\u7ebf\u6027\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6307\u65703\/4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

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\u97e6\u65af\u7279\u3001\u56e0\u594e\u65af\u7279\u548c\u5e03\u6717\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0WEB\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u660e\uff0c3\/4\u6807\u5ea6\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5185\u5206\u914d\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u662f\u7531\u5177\u6709\u5206\u652f\u7ba1\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\uff08\u5373\u690d\u7269\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6606\u866b\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u6216\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u5047\u8bbe1\u30012\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8840\u91cf\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u8d28\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/h3>\n

\u975e\u5e42\u5f8b\u6807\u5ea6<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u514b\u83b1\u4f2f\u6cd5\u5219\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u52a8\u7269\uff0810\u516c\u65a4[22\u78c5]\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b\uff0c\u6216\u6606\u866b\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd12\/3\u800c\u975e3\/4\u3002\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7387\u4e0e\u4f53\u91cd\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u56fe\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5411\u4e0a\u201c\u5f2f\u66f2\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0e\u4e8c\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u6a21\u578b\u62df\u5408\u5f97\u66f4\u597d<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u62df\u5408\u51fa\u7684\u6307\u6570\u5728 [2\/3,3\/4] \u4e4b\u95f4<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n