{"id":30032,"date":"2021-11-16T23:40:20","date_gmt":"2021-11-16T15:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30032"},"modified":"2021-11-16T23:40:20","modified_gmt":"2021-11-16T15:40:20","slug":"%e5%a5%87%e5%bc%82%e7%82%b9-%e6%8f%8f%e8%bf%b0%e9%9d%9e%e5%b9%b3%e8%a1%a1%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9b%b8%e5%8f%98%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30032","title":{"rendered":"\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u63cf\u8ff0\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\" data-mpa-powered-by=\"yiban.io\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);\">\n<section>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"width: 661px;\">\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.07314814814814814\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/wxsync-2021-11-e16cd5b776e38a4f6806c73548bdc7d4.png\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 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13px;\">\u5f20\u6fb3<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(73, 73, 73);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">&nbsp;| \u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 13px;\">\u6881\u91d1<\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 13px;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong>&nbsp;| \u5ba1\u6821<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><br  \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 13px;\">\u9093\u4e00\u96ea<\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 13px;\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">&nbsp;| 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YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-right: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-top-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">1. \u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br style=\"white-space: normal;\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u76f8\u7b49\u4e14\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u3002400\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6307\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ece\u5730\u677f\u4e0a\u6389\u4e0b\u53bb<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5730\u677f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u652f\u6301\u529b\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"> \uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5212\u52a8\u8239\u6868\u80fd\u8ba9\u8239\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u589e\u635f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e92\u6613\u6027<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08reciprocity\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u2014\u2014\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u91cf\u7c92\u5b50\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u8fd0\u52a8\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5206\u652f\u2014\u2014\u6765\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u65f6<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5982\u6c34\u7ed3\u51b0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6a21\u62df\u5f15\u8d77\u7269\u8d28\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u4f46\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a<strong>\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab[1]\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u628a\u7269\u8d28\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u751f\u547d\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5177\u6b7b\u5c38\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53d8\u5f97\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6 Vincenzo Vitelli[2] \u8bf4\uff0c\u201c \u60f3\u8c61\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50 a \u4e0eb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d a \u5bf9 b \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c b \u5bf9 a \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u79cd<strong>\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08nonreciprocal relationships\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6d41\u4f53\u7c92\u5b50\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u6355\u730e\u8005\u5403\u730e\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u730e\u7269\u4e0d\u5403\u5b83\u7684\u6355\u730e\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"322\" data-ratio=\"1.3893376413570275\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1238\" data-width=\"233\" style=\"width: 249px;height: 346px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/wxsync-2021-11-0b5b69a466a9b3f5c0ff28242651309c.jpeg\"><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe1. \u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Vincenzo Vitelli \u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u7c7b\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aKristen Norman for Quanta Magazine<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u76f8\u53d8\u65b9\u9762\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\u3002<strong>\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d<\/strong>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9e1f\u7fa4\u8bc1\u660e\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\uff1a\u9e1f\u513f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8eab\u540e\u7684\u540c\u4f34\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u6539\u53d8\u98de\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u9e1f a \u5bf9\u9e1f b \u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u548c\u9e1f b \u5bf9\u9e1f a \u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u4e0a\u884c\u9a76\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u6216\u8005\u5835\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u4e8b\u8d85\u6750\u6599<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5176\u7279\u6027\u6e90\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5229\u7528\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u8bbe\u8ba1\u58f0\u5b66\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5904\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6784\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u7ec6\u80de\u6709ATP\uff0c\u6c7d\u8f66\u6709\u6c7d\u6cb9\u3002<strong>\u989d\u5916\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u8303\u56f4<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Vitelli \u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a<strong>\u5947\u5f02\u70b9<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08exceptional points\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u70b9<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08singularity\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u8be5\u70b9\u4e0a\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u574d\u7f29\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5728\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u635f\u7684\u795e\u5947\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6fc0\u5149\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u73b0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u53d1\u73b0[3]\uff0c<strong>\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u4e5f\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b0\u9c9c\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5bf9\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fc7\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u4e0e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\u5b58\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d1b\u65af\u963f\u62c9\u83ab\u65af\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Cynthia Reichhardt[4] \u8bf4: \u201c\u5728\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u4eba\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd9\u9879\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u770b\u4f3c\u6beb\u65e0\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u9886\u57df\u548c\u73b0\u8c61\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u201c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6570\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u201d\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u67ef\u6717\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08Courant Institute\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684 Robert Kohn[5] \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"white-space: normal;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;text-align: right;font-size: 13px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-right: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-top-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">2. \u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u548c\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u9e1f\u7fa4\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u602a\u5f02\u6027<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08quantum weirdness\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u2014\u2014\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684 Ryo Hanai[6] \u548c\u5176\u5bfc\u5e08 Peter Littlewood[7]\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505a\u6781\u5316\u5b50<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08polariton\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\u3002<\/span><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cf\u5b50\u884c\u4e3a[9]\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u5f53\u5149\u5b50<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08photons\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u5149\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u4e0e\u6fc0\u5b50<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08excitons\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8026\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u3002\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6781\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u73bb\u8272-\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u6001<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08Bose-Einstein condensate\uff0cBEC\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5168\u90e8\u574d\u7f29\u6210\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u73bb\u8272-\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u662f\u5f88\u590d\u6742\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3002\u5149\u5b50\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u9003\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u5149\u5b50\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5f25\u8865\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u518d\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u3002\u201c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u201dHanai \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"804\" data-ratio=\"0.3941176470588235\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"2040\" data-width=\"2040\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/wxsync-2021-11-9d1837fe568cb84e9481e631bd088e24.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe2. \u5728\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u76f8\u53d8\uff0c\u5982\u6c34\u7ed3\u51b0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Peter Littlewood\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u548c Ryo Hanai\uff08\u53f3\uff09 \u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u635f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u53d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aSimons\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c\u7531 Ryo Hanai \u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5bf9\u4e8e Hanai \u548c Littlewood \u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u521b\u9020\u6fc0\u5149\u3002Littlewood \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5149\u5b50\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u9003\u79bb\u6fc0\u5149\uff0c\u4f46\u6fc0\u5149\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u67d0\u79cd\u76f8\u5e72\u6001\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u5149\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\uff1a<strong>\u504f\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u5411\u73bb\u8272-\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5947\u5f02\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff1f<\/strong>\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u662f\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3002\u6db2\u4f53\u548c\u6c14\u4f53\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e58\u5750\u5206\u5b50\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u98de\u8239\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6392\u5217\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u98de\u8239\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6676\u4f53\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u56fa\u4f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5206\u5b50\u6210\u884c\u6210\u5217\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6392\u5217\u6a21\u5f0f\u7531\u4f60\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u4ece\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u6c14\u4f53\u53d8\u6210\u56fa\u4f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u8bf4\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u201c\u7834\u7f3a\u201d\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 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style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u9e1f\u7fa4\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u7834\u7f3a\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u9e1f\u513f\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u673a\u98de\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u50cf\u78c1\u94c1\u4e2d\u7684\u78c1\u77e9\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u94c1\u78c1\u76f8\u53d8\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5177\u6709\u989d\u5916\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u9e1f\u513f<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u3001\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u8f66\u6d41\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5904\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u76f8\u53d8\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u89e3\u91ca\u3002Reichhardt\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5185\u90e8\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u9e1f\u7fa4\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u5b88\u6052\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"white-space: normal;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;text-align: right;font-size: 13px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-right: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-top-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">3. \u5947\u5f02\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Hanai \u548c Littlewood \u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u8003\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u73bb\u8272-\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u3002Littlewood \u8bf4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\u548c\u6c34\u84b8\u6c7d\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u53d8\u70b9\u4e0a\u6db2\u6001\u6c34\u4e0e\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u3002<strong>\u5728\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u53d8\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u3001\u9ad8\u80fd\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4ecd\u672a\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f53\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u8026\u5408\u65f6\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u635f\u8017\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Hanai\u548cLittlewood\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u548c<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\">\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e24\u76f8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u5728\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u201d Littlewood \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u675f\u6fc0\u5149<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u8bb2\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u548c\u4e00\u675f\u6781\u5316\u5b50-\u6fc0\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u73bb\u8272-\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u57282019\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d[10]\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7d22\u4e32\u8054\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u3001\u5173\u952e\u4e14\u666e\u904d\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u201d Hanai \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"293\" data-ratio=\"1.078369905956113\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1595\" data-width=\"272\" style=\"width: 242px;height: 261px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/wxsync-2021-11-2b4d44e3d7304883ab18fc645574519c.jpeg\"><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe3. \u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Vitelli\uff08\u5de6\uff09 \u548c Michel Fruchart\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u4e0e Littlewood \u548c Hanai \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5c94\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u653e\u5bbd\u80fd\u91cf\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ece\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6240\u6709\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aKristen Norman for Quanta Magazine<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5462\uff1f\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c06\u76f8\u53d8\u4e0e\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u201dHanai \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u4e86 Vitelli \u548c Michel Fruchart[11]\u6765\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f Vitelli \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u5178\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002Vitelli \u548c Michel Fruchart \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8d85\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u5728\u6b63\u9762\u53d7\u6324\u538b\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u9762\u53d7\u6324\u538b\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Vitelli \u548c Fruchart \u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u5438\u5f15\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u5b88\u6052\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"white-space: normal;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;text-align: right;font-size: 13px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-right: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-top-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">4. \u73a9\u5177\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6a21\u62df\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u73b0\u5728\u961f\u4f0d\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u56db\u4eba\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5bfb\u627e\u80fd\u591f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u548c\u76f8\u53d8\u4e4b\u95f4\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u5bf9 Vitelli \u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7528\u53cc\u624b\u4ee3\u66ff\u5927\u8111\u601d\u8003\u3002\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u96be\u4ee5\u9610\u660e\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u673a\u68b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u4e50\u9ad8\u79ef\u6728\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u8fb9\u7f18\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u79fb\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u201c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u73a9\u5177\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u201d Vitelli \u8bf4\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e50\u9ad8\u73a9\u5177\u662f\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u7528\u81ea\u884c\u79fb\u52a8\u4f46\u53d7\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u4f5c\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u652f\u914d\u7684\u6784\u4ef6<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u4e3b\u4f53\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u642d\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u961f\u4e24\u8f6e\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5c0f\u5de7\u53ef\u7231\u4e14\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\uff1a\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u548c\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5219\u6307\u5411\u548c\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5b83\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><iframe class=\"video_iframe rich_pages\" data-vidtype=\"2\" data-mpvid=\"wxv_2138607214696120322\" data-cover=\"http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FwibWV1DB7tWKCzt1TzhDLmqq9UFuZ4c2sqynOaULPYWcee8mRvEfHNvncOFrDz8n21uRlIKQlJBAOLUGXS05ibqQ%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" data-ratio=\"1.6494845360824741\" data-w=\"1600\"  src=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/mp\/readtemplate?t=pages\/video_player_tmpl&amp;action=mpvideo&amp;auto=0&amp;vid=wxv_2138607214696120322\" width=\"100%\" height=\"970\"><\/iframe><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u89c6\u98911. \u6bcf\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e3a\u4e0e\u540c\u4e00\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u88ab\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8981\u4e0e\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u800c\u84dd\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8981\u4e0e\u7ea2\u8272\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u53d1\u76f8\u53d8\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u539f\u5730\u65cb\u8f6c\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aFruchart, M., Hanai, R., Littlewood, P.B. et al. Non-reciprocal phase transitions. Nature 592, 363\u2013369 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03375-9<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u628a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5206\u6563\u5728\u5730\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7fa4\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u77ac\u95f4\u5c31\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u7f13\u6162\u5730\u540c\u65f6\u65cb\u8f6c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u539f\u5730\u5411\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u65cb\u8f6c\u3002\u201c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65cb\u8f6c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\uff0cVitelli \u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d7\u5230\u963b\u632b<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08frustrated\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6c38\u8fdc\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u963b\u632b\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u7fa4\u65cb\u8f6c\u7684\u3001\u53d7\u632b\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u4eba\u5ffd\u7565\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c<strong>\u65cb\u8f6c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6b63\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002Vitelli \u6f14\u793a\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u4e0e Hanai \u548c Littlewood \u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u5947\u5f02\u91cf\u5b50\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u6570\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684<strong>\u5206\u5c94\u7406\u8bba<\/strong>\u3002\u5206\u5c94\u662f\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d28\u53d8\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><iframe class=\"video_iframe rich_pages\" data-vidtype=\"2\" data-mpvid=\"wxv_2138607831460134915\" data-cover=\"http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FwibWV1DB7tWKCzt1TzhDLmqq9UFuZ4c2se1XKgHJHQlhn6l1yYCG1YxTKeL1vSTOBTdMg9eVHhia42FAIAF2MCSQ%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" data-ratio=\"3.6363636363636362\" data-w=\"1200\"  src=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/mp\/readtemplate?t=pages\/video_player_tmpl&amp;action=mpvideo&amp;auto=0&amp;vid=wxv_2138607831460134915\" width=\"100%\" height=\"330\"><\/iframe><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u89c6\u98912. \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u4ee5\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u989c\u8272\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u84dd\u8272\u548c\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u79fb\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u6052\u5b9a\u4e14\u76f8\u540c\u3002\uff081\uff09\u5de6\u8fb9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6846\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u968f\u673a\u79fb\u52a8\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u65b9\u6846\u4e2d\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u548c\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u671d\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u6253\u7834\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7fa4\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u6846\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u671d\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u53cd\u7fa4\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u53f3\u8fb9\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u6846\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5177\u6709\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5730\u6253\u8f6c\u7684\u65b0\u76f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u81ea\u53d1\u7834\u7f3a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aFruchart, M., Hanai, R., Littlewood, P.B. et al. Non-reciprocal phase transitions. Nature 592, 363\u2013369 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03375-9<\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5c94\u56fe<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u53c9\u5b50\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6765\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5982\u4f55\u54cd\u5e94\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5206\u5c94\u80fd\u5c06\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u6df7\u6c8c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5fae\u5c0f\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u53d1\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5206\u5c94\u70b9\u4ece\u975e\u6df7\u6c8c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6df7\u6c8c\u3002\u5206\u5c94\u4e0e\u76f8\u53d8\u6709\u7740\u957f\u671f\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u56db\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651<strong>\u80fd\u91cf\u666f\u89c2<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08energy landscape\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u666f\u89c2\u63ed\u793a\u80fd\u91cf\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u52bf\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u52a8\u80fd\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3002\u5728\u5e73\u8861\u6001\uff0c\u7269\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u6781\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u8fde\u7ef5\u8d77\u4f0f\u7684\u5730\u5f62\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u51f9\u9677\u7684\u5c71\u8c37\u3002\u201c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u7269\u76f8\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u8981\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u7ec8\u505c\u7559\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6781\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u201dFruchart \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Vitelli \u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5177\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u635f\u5931\u4efb\u4f55\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee5\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u504f\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u5fc5\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u719f\u6089\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u4ecd\u6709\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002\u800c<strong>\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u653e\u5bbd\u4e86\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u201c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u201d Vitelli \u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8bed\u8a00\u6539\u9020\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"white-space: normal;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;text-align: right;font-size: 13px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-right: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-top-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">5.&nbsp;\u63a2\u7d22\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u65b0\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u73b0\u8c61<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0d\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5947\u5f02\u70b9\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7834\u7f3a\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4e92\u6613\u6027\u4e4b\u5916\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u5e7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u201d Littlewood \u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Vitelli \u8bf4\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u53d7\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u539f\u5219\u652f\u914d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u8fc8\u5411\u5176\u7fa4\u4f53\u73b0\u8c61\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">Littlewood \u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u5174\u594b\u7684\u662f\u5728<strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111<\/strong>[12]\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u76f8\u53d8\u3002\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u9886\u57df\u662f\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5df2\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5174\u594b\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6291\u5236\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u662f\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7684\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5c94\u548c\u76f8\u53d8<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u540c\u6b65\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5bf9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7cbe\u786e\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u800c\u4e14\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f88\u5174\u594b\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u5b66\u67ef\u6717\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684 Kohn \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c1a\u672a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6e4d\u6d41\u8f93\u8fd0\u6216\u6d41\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u975e\u4e92\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u76f8\u53d8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u524d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5408\u9002\u6570\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u201c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u673a\u9047\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u201d Kohn \u8bf4\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5bf9\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u4eca\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5f85\u529e\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 166, 210);\"><strong><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 15px;\">\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[1]https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/how-life-and-death-spring-from-disorder-20170126\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[2]https:\/\/home.uchicago.edu\/~vitelli\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[3]https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-021-03375-9<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[4]https:\/\/cnls.lanl.gov\/~olson\/index.html<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[5]https:\/\/math.nyu.edu\/~kohn\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[6]https:\/\/physics.uchicago.edu\/people\/profile\/ryo-hanai\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[7]https:\/\/physics.uchicago.edu\/people\/profile\/peter-littlewood\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[8]https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/about\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[9]https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/the-near-magical-mystery-of-quasiparticles-20210324\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[10]https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.185301<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[11]https:\/\/perso.ens-lyon.fr\/michel.fruchart\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[12]https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/brains-may-teeter-near-their-tipping-point-20180614\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/a-new-theory-for-systems-that-defy-newtons-third-law-20211111\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 10px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;justify-content: center;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-bottom: 9px solid rgb(169, 215, 227);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: -15px;\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;color: rgb(12, 130, 169);font-size: 16px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 3px;\">\n<p><strong>\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<p><br style=\"color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81ea<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Nature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" 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Parisi\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76<\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247557242&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=1fb6e82827a6521c0789b43cda86bc27&amp;chksm=e896baf7dfe133e1a07e6b5033a504b9959e80c51ff140fc90b0c383ce0f94620f3b6305151f&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u9e1f\u7fa4\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff1a\u6e38\u8361\u5728\u6df7\u6c8c\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5929\u7a7a\u821e\u8005\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u9e1f\u7fa4\u4e4b\u8c1c\uff1a\u6e38\u8361\u5728\u6df7\u6c8c\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u5929\u7a7a\u821e\u8005<\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 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href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247571346&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=bbaa3da959582bf7575e7c32089e155e&amp;chksm=e8968d1fdfe1040999b2716ea642129064c032a3b84227f51cdc055b82be97682be43d490dd8&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/a><br  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: PingFangSC-light;\"><span style=\"background-color: rgb(12, 130, 169);\">\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c<strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bed 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