{"id":30593,"date":"2021-12-02T21:31:16","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T13:31:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30593"},"modified":"2021-12-02T21:31:16","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T13:31:16","slug":"%e8%80%97%e6%95%a3%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e4%b8%8e%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e7%95%8c%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%af%e9%80%86%e6%80%a7-%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%e8%af%97%e4%ba%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30593","title":{"rendered":"\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u2014\u2014\u201c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2017\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u8bde\u8fb0100\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08AIP\uff09\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u671f\u520a Chaos<\/em> \u53d1\u8868\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4f4d\u201c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4ea4\u8c0a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n


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Dilip Kondepudi\uff0cTomio Petrosky\uff0cJohn A. Pojman<\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/aip.scitation.org\/doi\/full\/10.1063\/1.5008858
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\u719f<\/span>\u6089<\/span>\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u00b7\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25<\/span>\uff08 Ilya Prigogine\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u670b<\/span>\u53cb\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u79f0\u4ed6\u4e3a\u201c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u5f53\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u8c08\u8bba\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u611f\u89c9\u4ed6\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u8fbe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u71b5\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u521b\u9020\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe1. Thermodynamic Theory of Structure Stability and Fluctuations\uff08\u300a\u7ed3\u6784\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u6da8\u843d\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff09\u5c01\u9762\u4e0a\u8df3\u821e\u7684\u6e7f\u5a46<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6df1\u4fe1\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9762\u5bf9\u4ee4\u4eba\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u672a\u6765\u6216\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u53ca\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6c\u53d8\uff09<\/span>\u6ca1\u6709\u6839\u672c\u533a\u522b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7b\u89c9\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u56e0\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u800c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6781\u5176\u53cd\u5bf9\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u548c\u5496\u5561\u9986\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u6fc0\u60c5\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u9020\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u201d\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u66f4\u52a0\u6587\u5b66\u5316\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u3001\u6f14\u5316\u4e4b\u7bad\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u7956\u5148\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7efc\u5408\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08 Theophile DeDonder \u4ee5\u53ca Duhem\u3001Natanson\u3001Jaumann\u3001Onsager\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6b63\u5982\u5b83\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u88ab\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6001\u51fd\u6570*<\/span>\uff08 functions of state \uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u71b5\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u9650\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u624d\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5373 dS = dQ\/T\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u4e14\u4ee5\u975e\u96f6\u901f\u7387\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4ec5\u6307\u51fa dS > dQ\/T\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5916\u3002\u4f46\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u71b5\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u71b5\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u65e0\u9650\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7387\uff08dS\/dt\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7387\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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*\u6001\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u5904\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7269\u7406\u91cf\uff08\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u71b5\u3001\u538b\u5f3a\u3001\u4f53\u79ef\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5404\u5b8f\u89c2\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e14\u4ec5\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u5904\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fbe\u5230\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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Bridgman \u5728\u4ed61943\u5e74\u7684\u4e13\u8457 The Nature of Thermodynamics<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u300a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u300b\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff019\u4e16\u7eaa\u7ecf\u5178\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u72b6\u6001[3]\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u603b\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u4ee5\u6709\u9650\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6e29\u5ea6\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9762\u524d\u627f\u8ba4\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u79cd\u5931\u8d25\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7d27\u968f\u7740 Lars Onsager \u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba [4\u20136]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861<\/span>\uff08local equilibrium\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u5185\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u6210\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u7684\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u7c92\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86Maxwell \u901f\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 dt \u5185\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316 dS\u9075\u5faa<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5176\u4e2d di<\/sub><\/span>S \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u71b5\uff0cde<\/sub><\/span>S \u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u8fdb\u884c\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u6362\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5176\u4e2ddiS\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u663e\u5f0f\u5173\u7cfb\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u529b Fk<\/sub><\/span> \u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6d41 Jk<\/sub><\/span> \u5efa\u7acb<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u679c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u5185\u71b5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u51fa\u6574\u4e2a\u975e\u5747\u5300\u4f53\u7cfb\u6240\u6709\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u7b49\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u901f\u7387\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u901f\u7387\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u88ab\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1adi<\/sub><\/span>S \u22650\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u5927\u81f4\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u5206\u522b\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u6709\u5173\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u548c De Decker \u7684\u6587\u7ae0 \u201cStochastic approach to irreversible thermodynamics\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u968f\u673a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09<\/span>[7]\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u663e\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u5b8f\u89c2\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6da8\u843d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c06\u6da8\u843d\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6da8\u843d\u5bf9\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u201cThe underdamped Brownian duet and stochastic linear irreversible thermodynamics\u201d <\/span>\uff08 \u6b20\u963b\u5c3c\u5e03\u6717\u4e8c\u91cd\u6001\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7ebf\u6027\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u70ed\u529b\u5b66 \uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d[8]\uff0cProesmans \u548c Van den Broeck \u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5982\u6da8\u843d\u5b9a\u7406\u3001\u6da8\u843d-\u8017\u6563\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u6da8\u843d\u65f6\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5468\u671f\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5e03\u6717\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Malek-Mansour \u548c Baras \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u201cFluctuation theorem\uff1aA critical review\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u6da8\u843d\u5b9a\u7406: \u4e00\u7bc7\u6279\u8bc4\u6027\u8bc4\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0[9]\uff0c\u5bf9\u6da8\u843d\u5b9a\u7406\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u8be5\u5b9a\u7406\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u58f0\u79f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdd\u53cd\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u666e\u6717\u514b<\/span>\uff08Max Planck\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u63d0\u9192\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u6c38\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65e0\u6548\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u6da8\u843d\u5b9a\u7406\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u5b66\u6d3e\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e13\u8457[10-12]\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span>
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\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u548c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u632f\u8361\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u9636\u6bb5\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002\u5b83\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdc\u79bb\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u65f6\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5165\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/strong><\/span>\uff08self-organization\uff09<\/span>\u73b0\u8c61\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u71b5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u591a\u6837\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u65b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fdc\u79bb\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65b9\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1967\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821<\/span>\uff08University of Texas in Austin\uff09<\/span>\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e3b\u4efb\u804c\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6269\u5927\u6210\u4e86\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14-\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u56e2\u961f\u3002\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u4e8e1977\u5e74\u6388\u4e88\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u5bf9\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e Gr\u00e9goire Nicolis \u5408\u8457\u7684\u4e66\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u5173\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u540c\u5e74\u51fa\u7248[13]\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u5728\u65b0\u4e66\u300a\u4ece\u6df7\u6c8c\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u300b<\/span>\uff08Order out of Chaos<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d[14]\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0 \u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u621018\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f20\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u8bfb\u8005\u5199\u4e86\u51e0\u672c\u5173\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5173\u4e8e\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u3002Albert Goldbete \u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u632f\u8361\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728 \u201cDissipative structures and biological rhythms<\/em>\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u8282\u5f8b\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d[15]\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u7edd\u5999\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u683c<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u88681\uff09<\/span>\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u8d85\u7ec6\u80de\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u88681. \u53d1\u751f\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u7269\u8282\u5f8b\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u8282\u5f8b\u5468\u671f\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u5176\u5468\u671f\u957f\u77ed\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8d85\u8fc710\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7 | \u6765\u6e90\uff1aGoldbeter, Albert. \u201cDissipative structures and biological rhythms.\u201d Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.) vol. 27,10 (2017): 104612. doi:10.1063\/1.4990783<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u9886\u57df\uff0cAmemiya \u7b49\u4eba\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u201cPrimordial oscillations in life\uff1aDirect observation of glycolytic oscillations in individual HeLa cervical cancer cells\u201d<\/span>\uff08 \u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u632f\u8361\uff1a\u5bf9\u6d77\u62c9\u5bab\u9888\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u632f\u8361\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0[16]\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u632f\u8361\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u8282\u5f8b\u548c\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u4e92\u76f8\u8f85\u52a9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Kondepudi\u3001Kay \u548c Dixon \u7b49\u4eba\u5728 \u201cDissipative structures, machines and organisms\uff1aA perspective\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u673a\u5668\u548c\u6709\u673a\u4f53\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d[17]\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u538b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u60ca\u4eba\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u590d\u6742\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5411\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u901f\u7387\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5173\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u548c\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u6839\u672c\u533a\u522b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u6591\u56fe\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210<\/strong>\u3002Burdoni \u548c De Wit \u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u9898\u4e3a\u201cDissipative structures\uff1afrom reaction-diffusion to chemo-hydrodynamic patterns\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u4ece\u53cd\u5e94-\u6269\u6563\u5230\u5316\u5b66\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6591\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d[18]\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u6269\u6563\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u63a5\u89e6\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u6591\u56fe\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u632f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08Brusselator model\uff0c\u89c1\u56fe2\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5c40\u90e8\u6ce2\u3001\u56fe\u7075\u6591\u56fe\u548c\u53cd\u5e94-\u6269\u6563\u6591\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe2.\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u632f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u521d\u7531\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u81ea\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94-\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u632f\u5b50\u6a21\u62df\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/span>
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\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u201cChlorine dioxide-induced and Congo red-inhibited Marangoni effect on the chlorite- trithionate reaction front\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u4e9a\u6c2f\u9178\u76d0-\u8fde\u4e09\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u754c\u9762\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2f\u8bf1\u5bfc\u548c\u521a\u679c\u7ea2\u6291\u5236\u9a6c\u4f26\u54e5\u5c3c\u6548\u5e94*\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d[19]\uff0cLiu \u7b49\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u9a6c\u4f26\u54e5\u5c3c\u5bf9\u6d41\u5bf9\u4e9a\u6c2f\u9178\u76d0-\u4e09\u786b\u9178\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u6c2f\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6db2\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u521a\u679c\u7ea2\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u632f\u8361\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u6eb4\u915a\u84dd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u6da1\u65cb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\n
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*\u9a6c\u4f26\u54e5\u5c3c\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u6307\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u68af\u5ea6\u5730\u6d41\u4f53\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u5f31\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u5bf9\u5468\u56f4\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u62c9\u529b\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8868\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u5f31\u7684\u6db2\u4f53\u5411\u5f3a\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u6e17\u900f\u3002\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u9a6c\u4f26\u54e5\u5c3c\uff08Carlo Marangoni\uff09\u57281865\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u9996\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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Biria \u7b49\u4eba\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u5149\u53cd\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5149\u6ce2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cCoupling nonlinear optical waves to photoreactive and phase-separating soft matter\uff1aCurrent status and perspectives\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8026\u5408\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5149\u6ce2\u5230\u5149\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u8f6f\u7269\u8d28\uff1a\u73b0\u72b6\u548c\u524d\u666f\uff09<\/span>[20]\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5149\u5b66\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u9014\u7684\u6591\u56fe\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Viner \u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u201cEffect of pseudo-gravitational acceleration on the dissolution rate of miscible drops\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8d5d\u91cd\u529b\u52a0\u901f\u5bf9\u6df7\u76f8\u6db2\u6ef4\u6eb6\u89e3\u901f\u7387\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff09<\/span>[21]\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u65cb\u8f6c\u6db2\u6ef4\u5f20\u529b\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u5bf9\u6df7\u76f8\u6db2\u6ef4\u6eb6\u89e3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f20\u529b\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u65cb\u8f6c\u901f\u7387\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d5d\u91cd\u529b\u573a\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u963b\u788d\u6eb6\u89e3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b<\/span>\uff08\u6c14\u538b\u6269\u6563\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d6e\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6d41\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6eb6\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Bunton \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cThe effect of a crosslinking chemical reaction on pattern formation in viscous fingering of miscible fluids in a Hele\u2013Shaw cell*\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u4ea4\u8054\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u5bf9 Hele-Shaw \u76d2\u4e2d\u6df7\u76f8\u6d41\u4f53\u7c98\u6027\u6307\u8fdb\u6591\u56fe\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff09<\/span>[22]\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u786b\u9187\u4e0e\u4e19\u70ef\u9178\u916f\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u5bf9 Hele-Shaw \u76d2\u6df7\u76f8\u6d41\u4f53\u7c98\u6027\u6307\u8fdb\u6591\u56fe\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6591\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe3.Hele-Shaw \u76d2\u7531\u4e2d\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5c0f\u95f4\u9699\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e73\u884c\u677f\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4ee51898\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684 Henry Selby Hele-Shaw \u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u3002\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4f53\u73b0\u5728Hele-Shaw \u6d41\u53ef\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6d41\u4f53\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span>| \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1
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\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u572860\u5c81\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eb3\u5165\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u56f0\u6270\u7740\u4ed6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u50cf\u5e9e\u52a0\u83b1<\/span>\uff08Henri Poincar\u00e9\uff09<\/span>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5e9e\u52a0\u83b1\u5c06\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u53ef\u79ef\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u79ef\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5e9e\u52a0\u83b1\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u79ef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u672a\u6270\u52a8\u4e0d\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6765\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u6216\u5e7a\u6b63\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0d\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u6df7\u6c8c\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u8868\u660e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u9650\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u4ece\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d1\u89c9\u5fc5\u987b<\/strong>\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62d3\u5c55\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6839\u57fa<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e7a\u6b63\u53d8\u6362\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u79ef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5171\u632f\u5947\u70b9<\/span>\uff08resonance singularities\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u76f4\u52302003\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u524d\u90fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Petrosky \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u201cMicroscopic description of irreversibility in quantum Lorentz gas by complex spectral analysis of the Liouvillian outside the Hilbert space\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5e0c\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u7a7a\u95f4\u5916\u5218\u7ef4\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u590d\u5408\u5149\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u91cf\u5b50\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u6c14\u4f53\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09<\/span>[23]\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5218\u7ef4\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u590d\u5408\u5149\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14-\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5c0f\u7ec4\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8be5\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u54c8\u5bc6\u987f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5fae\u89c2\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u552f\u8c61\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Ordonez \u548c Hatano \u7684\u6587\u7ae0 \u201cIrreversibility and the breaking of resonance-antiresonance symmetry\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5171\u632f-\u53cd\u5171\u632f\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\uff09<\/span>[24]\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u70b9\u8026\u5408\u5230\u683c\u70b9\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f15\u7ebf\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u8f6c\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f00\u653e\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u89e3\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u5c06\u5728\u672a\u6765\u8870\u51cf\u7684\u5171\u632f\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u5c06\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u8870\u51cf\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u632f\u6001\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u8f6c\u4e0d\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7b49\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u5171\u632f\u5206\u91cf\u548c\u53cd\u5171\u632f\u5206\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u7834\u574f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Fathi \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cA wave<\/span>-function model for the CP-violation in mesons\u201d <\/span>\uff08\u4ecb\u5b50 CP \u4e0d\u5b88\u6052\u7684\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>[25]\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u80fd\u7ea7 Friedrichs \u54c8\u5bc6\u987f\u6a21\u578b\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ecb\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684 CP \u5bf9\u79f0\u7834\u7f3a\u3002Friedrichs \u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u5206\u6790\u7684\u539f\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6765\u81ea\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u5411\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8fd0\u52a8\u65b9\u7a0b\u89e3\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5171\u632f\u5947\u5f02\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Hasegawa \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u201cGeneralized second law for a simple chaotic system\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u6df7\u6c8c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u6587[26]\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span>\uff08\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6700\u5927\u529f\u8868\u8ff0\uff0cnonequilibrium maximum work formulation\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6df7\u6c8c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5409\u5e03\u65af-\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u5b88\u6052\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u71b5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Barr \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cSignatures of chaos in the Brillouin zone\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u533a\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09<\/span>[27]\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u94fa\u8bbe\u5728\u65e0\u9650\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u53f0\u7403\u7684\u6df7\u6c8c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u53f0\u7403\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u884c\u4e3a\u4ece\u6709\u5e8f\u53d8\u4e3a\u6df7\u6c8c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u533a\u7684\u80fd\u5e26\u5f00\u59cb\u6df7\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u540e\uff0cVanbever \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cSemiconductor surface emitting lasers for photon pairs generation\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u53d1\u5c04\u6fc0\u5149\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u5149\u5b50\u5bf9\uff09<\/span>[28]\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u5149\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u9636\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u53ca\u56db\u6ce2\u6df7\u9891\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u5171\u632f\u5782\u76f4\u8154\u8868\u9762\u53d1\u5c04\u6fc0\u5149\u5668<\/span>\uff08Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser\uff0cVCSEL\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u5149\u5b50\u5bf9\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u7eaa\u5ff5\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u5e76\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5584\u826f\u4e14\u6177\u6168\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u4eba\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u5171\u8fdb\u665a\u9910\u3002\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u4e00\u76f4\u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u8bbf\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u6177\u6168\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6536\u85cf\u5bb6\uff0c\u6536\u85cf\u6709\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u524d\u54e5\u4f26\u5e03\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5893\u5fd7\u94ed\u4e0a\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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L’\u00c9TONNEMENT EST SOURCE DE CR\u00c9ATIVIT\u00c9<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\uff08\u60ca\u5947\u662f\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9 \uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u662fDilip Kondepudi\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002Kondepudi \u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0e\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u5408\u4f5c\u4e86\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u7ae0\u30021998\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5408\u8457\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u9898\u4e3a Modern Thermodynamics\uff1aFrom Heat Engines to Dissipative Structures<\/em><\/span>\uff08\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1a\u4ece\u70ed\u673a\u5230\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u300b\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\uff0c\u8be5\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4ee5\u516d\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u572825\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u7248\u4f7f\u7528\u3002Kondepudi \u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0e \u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25 \u6709\u5173\u7684\u73cd\u8d35\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u5728University of Texas in Austin \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u6b21\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6765\u5230\u6211\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u5730\u7528\u5de6\u624b\u8f7b\u62cd\u4ed6\u7684\u80f8\u90e8\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a\u201c Dilip\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u559d\u70b9\u5496\u5561\u5427\u2026\u2026\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u201d\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u60f3\u79bb\u5f00\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u7406\u6e05\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u6211\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u76ee\u7779\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u4ed6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ed6\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u6211\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u53bb\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u5c0f\u9762\u5305\u5e97\uff0c\u5e97\u540d\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u53eb\u201c aptain Quackenbush’s Intergalactic Dessert Company and Espresso Caf\u00e9<\/span>\uff08\u8239\u957f\u7684\u661f\u9645\u751c\u70b9\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u5496\u5561\u5e97\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5750\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u559d\u7740\u4e00\u676f\u4e0a\u597d\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5496\u5561\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u8c08\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u9700\u8981\u6709\u6240\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7eb3\u5165\u57fa\u7840\u539f\u7406\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u5728\u8111\u6d77\u4e2d\u542c\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1a\u201c\u592a\u795e\u5947\u4e86\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7adf\u7136\u575a\u4fe1\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u201d\u6211\u7279\u610f\u5e26\u4e0a\u672c\u5b50\u548c\u7b14\uff0c\u53bb\u5496\u5561\u5ba4\u804a\u5929\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ed3\u5408\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u800c\u4f7f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6211\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u4f1f\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u90a3\u5f20\u7eb8\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5b83\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u518c\u91cc\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Tomio Petrosky \u57281980\u5e74\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0cTomio Petrosky \u662f\u4ed6\u6700\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u53bb Kondepudi \u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u9762\u5305\u5e97\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u548c \u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25 \u8c08\u8bba\u5404\u79cd\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u542c\u5230\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u7684\u81f3\u7406\u540d\u8a00\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4ef6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0e\u4eba\u76f8\u9047\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u548c\u6211\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4f60\u9884\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u201d\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u52a8\u673a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff01\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u611f\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u662f\u6211\u7ee7\u7eed\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u52a8\u529b<\/strong>\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n


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John Pojman \u57281984\u5e74\u81f31988\u5e74\u95f4\u662f\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u5728\u4e54\u6cbb\u57ce\u5927\u5b66<\/span>\uff08Georgetown University\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5927\u56db\u5b66\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5316\u5b66\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6211\u62dc\u8bbf\u4e86 Joseph Earley \u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e09\u5e74\u524d\u5728\u6211\u7684\u666e\u901a\u5316\u5b66\u8bfe\u4e0a\u6f14\u793a\u4e86 Belousov-Zhabotinsky \u53cd\u5e94*\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9662\uff0c\u548c \u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25 \u6559\u6388\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021984\u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u7533\u8bf7\u4e86\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821\u3002\u6211\u7ed9\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6559\u6388\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u7a7f\u7740\u62d6\u978b\u5728\u516c\u5bd3\u697c\u7684\u5927\u5385\u7b49\u6211\uff0c\u5e76\u9080\u8bf7\u6211\u53bb\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u3002\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u4eb2\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u6709\u534a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8c08\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48?\u201d\u6211\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e1d\u56fd\u5982\u4f55\u8870\u843d\u3001\u5d1b\u8d77\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6f14\u8bf4\u3002\u6211\u88ab\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u8def\u8ff7\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u6211\u4e0e\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6559\u6388\u548c James Whitesell \u6559\u6388\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u5316\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u8bbf\u95ee\u5fb7\u5dde\u5927\u7684\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u5e74\u4f1a\u89c1\u4ed6\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u6fc0\u53d1\u6211\u5bf9\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f Dilip Kondepudi\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u4f46\u666e\u91cc\u9ad8\u6d25\u6559\u6388\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u652f\u6301\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4ea4\u6362\u53cd\u5e94\u7684 Maxwell-Boltzmann \u6c14\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u56fe4.Belousov-Zhabotinsky \u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u3002Belousov-Zhabotinsky \u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aBZ\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7531\u82cf\u8054\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Belousov \u4e8e1951\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5316\u5b66\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u632f\u8361\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u751f\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u56fe\u7075\u6591\u56fe\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5e94-\u6269\u6563\u65b9\u7a0b\u5b9a\u6027\u89e3\u91ca <\/span>| \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/span><\/section>\n
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[1]P. Glansdorff and I. Prigogine, Thermodynamic Theory of Structure, Stability and Fluctuations ( John Wiley Sons, New York, 1971), Translations in French, Russian and Japanese.<\/span><\/section>\n
[2] \u201cIlya Prigogine – Nobel Lecture: Time, Structure and Fluctuations,\u201d Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2014.<\/span><\/section>\n
[3]P. W. Bridgman, The Nature of Thermodynamics ( Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1943), p. 133.<\/span><\/section>\n
[4]I. Prigogine, Etude thermodynamique des ph \u00e9nom\u00e8nes irr \u00e9versibles ( Dunod, Paris et Desoer, Li`ege, 1947).<\/span><\/section>\n
[5]I. Prigogine, Introduction to Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes ( Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Illinois, 1955).<\/span><\/section>\n
[6]I. Prigogine, Introduction to Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes, 3rd ed. ( John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1967).<\/span><\/section>\n
[7]G. Nicolis and Y. De Decker, Chaos 27, 104615 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[8]K. Proesmans and C. Van den Broeck, Chaos 27, 104601 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[9]M. Malek Mansour and F. Baras, Chaos 27, 104609 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[10]I. Prigogine, V. Mathot, and A. Bellemans, The Molecular Theory of Solutions ( North Holland, Amsterdam, 1957).<\/span><\/section>\n
[11]I. Prigogine and R. Defay, Chemical Thermodynamics ( Jarrold & Sons, Norwich, 1958).<\/span><\/section>\n
[12]I. Prigogine, Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics ( John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1962).<\/span><\/section>\n
[13]G. Nicolis and I. Prigogine, Self-Organization in Nonequilibrium Systems: From Dissipative Structures to Order through Fluctuations ( John Wiley, New York, 1977).<\/span><\/section>\n
[14]I. Prigogine and I. Stengers, Order out of Chaos ( Bantam, New York, 1984) [French version: La Nouvelle Alliance – Les M\u00e9tamorphoses de la Science (Gallimard, Paris)].<\/span><\/section>\n
[15]A. Goldbeter, Chaos 27, 104612 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[16]T. Amemiya, K. Shibata, Y. Itoh, K. Itoh, M. Watanabe, and T. Yamaguchi, Chaos 27(10), 104602 (2017)<\/span><\/section>\n
[17]D. Kondepudi, B. Kay, and J. Dixon, Chaos 27(10), 104607 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[18]M. A. Budroni and A. D. Wit, Chaos 27(10), 104617 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[19]Y. Liu, X. Ren, C. Pan, T. Zheng, L. Yuan, J. Zheng, and Q. Gao, Chaos 27(10), 104610 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[20]S. Biria, D. R. Morim, F. A. Tsao, K. Saravanamuttu, and I. D. Hosein, Chaos 27(10), 104611 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[21]G. Viner, T. La Monica, R. Lombardo, and J. A. Pojman, Chaos 27, 104603 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[22]P. H. Bunton, M. P. Tullier, E. Meiburg, and J. A. Pojman, Chaos 27, 104614 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[23]T. Petrosky, K. Hashimoto, K. Kanki, and S. Tanaka, Chaos 27, 104616 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[24]G. Ordonez and N. Hatano, Chaos 27, 104608 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[25]S. M. S. Fathi, M. Courbage, and T. Durt, Chaos 27, 104605 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[26]H. H. Hasegawa, T. Nakamura, and D. J. Driebe, Chaos 27, 104606 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[27]A. Barr, A. Barr, M. D. Porter, and L. E. Reichl, Chaos 27, 104604 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n
[28]L. R. Vanbever, E. Karpov, and K. Panajotov, Chaos 27, 104613 (2017).<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81eaNature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span>
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