{"id":30670,"date":"2021-12-06T22:35:13","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T14:35:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30670"},"modified":"2021-12-06T22:35:13","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T14:35:13","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e6%97%a9%e7%9a%84%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e5%85%83%e4%bb%8e%e4%bd%95%e8%80%8c%e6%9d%a5%ef%bc%9f%e6%b5%b7%e7%bb%b5%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0%e5%9b%be%e8%b0%b1%e6%8f%ad%e7%a4%ba%e7%a5%9e%e7%bb%8f%e7%b3%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=30670","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\uff1f\u6d77\u7ef5\u57fa\u56e0\u56fe\u8c31\u63ed\u793a\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d77\u6e90"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u56fe1. \u4e00\u79cd\u6de1\u6c34\u6d77\u7ef5\uff08Spongilla\uff09\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u56fe\u8c31\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u59cb\u52a8\u7269\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aAllexxandar \/ Dreamstime.com<\/span><\/p>\n

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21\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u5f53\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6d77\u7ef5\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u60ca\u8bb6\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6d77\u7ef5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62e5\u6709\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u590d\u6742\u751f\u7269\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8bb8\u591a\u57fa\u56e0\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6d77\u7ef5\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u751f\u547d\u6f14\u5316\u6811\u4e0a\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5206\u652f\u8c31\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u5957\u56fa\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u808c\u8089\u6536\u7f29\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5206\u5316\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u808c\u8089\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8981\u53e4\u8001\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7136\u800c\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76[1]\u5229\u7528\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u6de1\u6c34\u6d77\u7ef5\u4f53\u5185\u5927\u7ea626000\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u56fe\u8c31\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u6d77\u7ef5\u4f53\u5185<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee5\u524d\u4ece\u672a\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u8c31\u4e3a\u201c\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u201d[2]\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u201c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6f14\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd8\u662f\u591a\u6b21\u201d[3]\u8fd9\u4e00\u957f\u671f\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u8868\u57282021\u5e7411\u67084\u65e5\u7684\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5728\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6d77\u7ef5\u6f14\u5316\u7684 Scott Nichols \u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u4e86\u201c\u98de\u8dc3\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u975e\u51e1\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u8ff7\u4eba\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u8981\u7740\u91cd\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bf4\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n
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2. \u6ca1\u6709\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u5374\u6697\u793a\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d77\u6e90<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6d77\u7ef5\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u5185\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u5185\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u201c\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08choanocyte\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5708\u624b\u6307\u72b6\u7684\u7a81\u8d77<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u7ed2\u6bdb\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u97ad\u6bdb\u3002\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u62cd\u6253\u5b83\u7684\u97ad\u6bdb\uff0c\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u7684\u6c34\u6d41\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6c34\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u5c0f\u9897\u7c92\u548c\u788e\u5c51\u4e3a\u98df\u3002\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u5185\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u201d\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong><\/span>\uff08neuroid cell\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ec6\u80de\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u6709\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5374\u5f88\u795e\u79d8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe2. \u6d77\u7ef5\u4f53\u5185\u8d1f\u8d23\u6d88\u5316\u7684 choanocyte \u7ec6\u80de\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aRohit Kumar Sengupta<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u5355\u7ec6\u80de RNA \u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6d77\u5fb7\u5821\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684 Detlev Arendt \u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u201c\u652f\u67b6\u201d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u7403\u90e8\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u4ea4\u8c08<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5de1\u903b\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u5185\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8c03\u8282\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8fdb\u98df\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe3. \u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u91cc\u6709\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6325\u821e\u97ad\u6bdb\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u6c34\u6d41\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u5316\u8154\uff0c\u6d88\u5316\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u9897\u7c92\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aCaterina Longo, Bari University; source: doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0042392.g005<\/span><\/p>\n

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Arendt \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9886\u5bfc\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u540e Jacob Musser \u5bf9\u6d77\u7ef5\u8fdb\u884c\u67d3\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u548c\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u786e\u5207\u8868\u8fbe\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u786e\u5b9e\u9760\u8fd1\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4f38\u51fa\u4e86\u5047\u80a2\u81c2\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Musser \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u795e\u5947\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0cMusser \u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u6c49\u5821\u7684X\u5c04\u7ebf\u540c\u6b65\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u7126\u79bb\u5b50\u675f\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8d85\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e09\u7ef4\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u5c0f\u523015\u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u6298\u53e0\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7a81\u8d77\u5305\u4f4f\u4e86\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5fae\u7ed2\u6bdb\u5708\u548c\u97ad\u6bdb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u91cc\u6709\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u7403\u4f53\u91cc\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6000\u7591\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56ca\u6ce1\u5728\u91ca\u653e\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505a\u8c37\u6c28\u9178\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d77\u7ef5\u6709\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u5f88\u8bf1\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4ece\u672a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684DNA\u4e2d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u6b63\u662f\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u523a\u6fc0\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u91ca\u653e\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6d77\u7ef5\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd1\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5c06\u6d77\u7ef5\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u5e95\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u3002\u201dNichols\u89e3\u91ca\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u56fe4. \u5de6\uff1a\u6d77\u7ef5\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u4e2d\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5f69\u8272\u7167\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u54c1\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u7eff\u8272\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u53f3\uff1a\u5728\u653e\u5927\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u63a5\u89e6\u3002| \u6765\u6e90\uff1aQuanta Magazine; source: Jacob Musser, Giulia Mizzon, Constantin Pape, Nicole Schieber \/ EMBL<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. \u65e9\u671f\u52a8\u7269\u6f14\u5316\uff1a<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7ec6\u80de\u5f00\u59cb\u627f\u62c5\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd8\u662f\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u662f\u6f14\u5316\u53d1\u80b2\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6700\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cMaria Antonietta Tosches \u8868\u793a\u3002\u5979\u4e4b\u524d\u5728 Arendt \u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u63a5\u53d7\u57f9\u8bad\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u6f14\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8fd9\u9879\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u80fd\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u8c1c\u56e2\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5728\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u7a81\u89e6\u540e\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u97ad\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u4e24\u7ec4\u57fa\u56e0\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3002\uff09<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c04\u4e0e\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u88ab\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u5148\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cTosches \u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u72ec\u7acb\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c<\/span>\u6d77\u7ef5\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7ec6\u80de\u4f1a\u8868\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u7269\uff08\u5982\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\uff09\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u7ec6\u80de\u6709\u5173<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8868\u8fbe\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u8868\u8fbe\u514d\u75ab\u57fa\u56e0<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u76d1\u6d4b\u6d77\u7ef5\u6d88\u5316\u8154\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u542b\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u514d\u75ab\u57fa\u56e0\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u534f\u52a9\u8be5\u4f5c\u7528\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6d77\u7ef5\u4e5f\u6709\u677e\u679c\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08pinacocytes\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u50cf\u808c\u8089\u7ec6\u80de\u4e00\u6837\u4e00\u81f4\u5730\u6536\u7f29\uff0c\u6324\u538b\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u6392\u9664\u5e9f\u7269\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u788e\u7247\uff1b\u677e\u679c\u7ec6\u80de\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u611f\u89c9\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u8840\u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\u5242\uff09<\/span>\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Musser \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u662f\u653e\u677e\u6211\u4eec\u8840\u7ba1\u4e2d\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8840\u7ba1\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u653e\u677e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u4e5f\u5728\u8c03\u8282\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u6536\u7f29\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u53ef\u80fd\u50cf\u8c37\u6c28\u9178\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u4fe1\u53f7\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u80fd\u534f\u8c03\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Musser \u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u673a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u788e\u7247\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u52a8\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u788e\u7247\u7ec6\u5206\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec6\u80de<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u591a\u79cd\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u201d\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd1\u4eb2\u539f\u751f\u52a8\u7269\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6210\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u519b\u5200\u3002\u968f\u7740\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u5f00\u59cb\u627f\u62c5\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5de5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u8c31\u7cfb\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u5de5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u65e2\u7136\u57fa\u56e0\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u548c\u5339\u914d\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u52a8\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u79cd\u4e2d\u7684\u6392\u5217\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u968f\u610f\u6253\u4e71\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u9650\u5236\u3002Arnau Seb\u00e9-Pedr\u00f3s \u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5df4\u585e\u7f57\u90a3\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u8c03\u8282\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u57282018\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u6d77\u7ef5\u52a8\u7269[4]\u3001\u80ce\u751f\u52a8\u7269[5]\u548c\u68b3\u5986\u6c34\u6bcd\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u56fe\u8c31\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Seb\u00e9-Pedr\u00f3s \u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbf\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u542f\u793a\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u88ab\u52a8\u7269\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u57fa\u56e0\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6df1\u6df1\u9707\u60ca\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u90bb\u8fd1\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5171\u540c\u8c03\u63a7\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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[1] Musser, J. M., Schippers, K. J., Nickel, M., Mizzon, G., Kohn, A. B., Pape, C., & Arendt, D. (2021). Profiling cellular diversity in sponges informs animal cell type and nervous system evolution. Science, 374(6568), 717-723. https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abj2949<\/span><\/section>\n
[2] https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/scientists-debate-the-origin-of-cell-types-in-the-first-animals-20190717\/<\/span><\/section>\n
[3] https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/comb-jelly-neurons-spark-evolution-debate-20150325\/<\/span><\/section>\n
[4] Seb\u00e9-Pedr\u00f3s A, Chomsky E, Pang K, Lara-Astiaso D, Gaiti F, Mukamel Z, Amit I, Hejnol A, Degnan BM, Tanay A. Early metazoan cell type diversity and the evolution of multicellular gene regulation. Nature ecology & evolution. 2018 Jul;2(7):1176-88. https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-018-0575-6<\/span><\/section>\n
[5] https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/worlds-simplest-animal-reveals-hidden-diversity-20180912\/<\/span><\/section>\n
[6] https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/sponge-genes-hint-at-the-origins-of-neurons-and-other-cells-20211104\/<\/span><\/section>\n
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https:\/\/www.quantamagazine.org\/sponge-genes-hint-at-the-origins-of-neurons-and-other-cells-20211104\/ <\/span><\/p>\n

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