{"id":31048,"date":"2021-12-16T22:54:32","date_gmt":"2021-12-16T14:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31048"},"modified":"2021-12-16T22:54:32","modified_gmt":"2021-12-16T14:54:32","slug":"%e4%bc%81%e9%b9%85%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8f%96%e6%9a%96%ef%bc%9f%e4%b8%89%e4%bd%93%e7%9b%b8%e4%ba%92%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8%e4%bf%83%e8%bf%9b%e9%9b%86%e4%bd%93%e8%87%aa%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31048","title":{"rendered":"\u4f01\u9e45\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u6696\uff1f\u4e09\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4fc3\u8fdb\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u4f18\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\" data-mpa-powered-by=\"yiban.io\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg\" data-backh=\"316\" data-backw=\"578\" data-croporisrc=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/wibWV1DB7tWJJlReUl26F7rUtWUoXffLL1VDq4xJIIicqPRU8K9ibtEjcia2M1vy08ic5SJaoSdaW4s63dlWXWCL5wA\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg\" data-cropx1=\"0\" data-cropx2=\"1080\" data-cropy1=\"0\" data-cropy2=\"590.4498269896193\" data-ratio=\"0.5472222222222223\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"width: 100%;height: auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-7ad931d92616d474446416bd589a1e38.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;width: 661px;\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 3px;outline: 0px;float: left;line-height: 1;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;\">\n<section style=\"padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;height: auto;border-left: 3px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 25px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;border-style: solid solid none;border-width: 3px 3px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(33, 166, 210) rgb(33, 166, 210) rgb(15, 76, 129);\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.5;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u5bfc\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 24px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;border-style: solid solid none;border-width: 3px 3px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(33, 166, 210) rgb(33, 166, 210) rgb(15, 76, 129);\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 4px;padding-left: 4px;outline: 0px;clear: right;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-height: 4.5em !important;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;clear: none;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><\/strong><strong>\u7fa4\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u96be\u4ee5\u517c\u5f97\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6743\u8861\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4eba\u4eba\u4e3a\u5df1\u7684\u56da\u5f92\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u751f\u5b58\u800c\u727a\u7272\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5229\u4ed6\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u54ea\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u4f7f\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u673a\u4f1a\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u53cc\u8d62\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f12\u67087\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u5728 <em>PNAS<\/em> \u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7ed3\u7fa4\u53d6\u6696\u7684\u4f01\u9e45\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u54cd\u5e94\u96c6\u4f53\u53e0\u52a0\u6e29\u5ea6\u573a\uff0c\u4f7f\u96c6\u4f53\u4e2d\u6bcf\u53ea\u4f01\u9e45\u5747\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u4f73\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u67b6\u8d77\u4e86\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u4f18\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u7fa4\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u53ca\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u5177\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;clear: none;\"><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;clear: none;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: start;\">\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6d3b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\uff0c\u4e09\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;width: 661px;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;clear: both;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;line-height: 0;width: 0px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-fileid=\"100098753\" data-ratio=\"0.07314814814814814\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"outline: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-e16cd5b776e38a4f6806c73548bdc7d4.png\"  \/><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 0pt;margin-bottom: 0pt;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(73, 73, 73);line-height: 1.7;font-size: 11pt;font-family: PingFangSC-light;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 13px;\">\u5f20\u6fb3<\/span><span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">&nbsp;| \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\u6881\u91d1<\/span><strong style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"color: rgb(73, 73, 73);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">&nbsp;| \u5ba1\u6821<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 13px;\">\u9093\u4e00\u96ea<\/span><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 13px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">&nbsp;| \u7f16\u8f91<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"376\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"392\" data-ratio=\"0.6689419795221843\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"586\" data-width=\"586\" style=\"white-space: normal;width: 100%;height: auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-d0b06952bb36a195d40c820fe5e39ada.png\"  \/><\/section>\n<blockquote class=\"js_blockquote_wrap\" data-type=\"2\" data-url=\"\" data-author-name=\"\" data-content-utf8-length=\"114\" data-source-title=\"\">\n<section class=\"js_blockquote_digest\">\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">Collective self-optimization of communicating active particles<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/49\/e2111142118<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u751f\u547d\u80fd\u5426\u5728\u6f14\u5316\u957f\u6cb3\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<strong>\u8d8b\u5316\u6027<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08chemotaxis\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5c31\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u673a\u5236[1,2]\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\u6307\u7ec6\u80de\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5982\u8bb8\u591a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u611f\u77e5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5373\u6d53\u5ea6\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0a\u53d8\u5316\u6700\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5411\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u6b63\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6216\u4f4e\u6d53\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u8d1f\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8fd0\u52a8[3,4]\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u591f<strong>\u5e2e\u52a9\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u627e\u5230\u98df\u7269<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\uff0c\u56fe1\uff09<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u6216\u907f\u5f00\u6bd2\u7269<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"456\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"253\" data-ratio=\"0.8105882352941176\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"850\" data-width=\"312\" style=\"width: 329px;height: 267px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-5b3887d61b0b7966abe417455afb9d3c.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe1. \u8d8b\u5316\u6027\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u89c5\u98df\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u97ad\u6bdb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u65cb\u8f6c\uff1a\uff08a\uff09\u9006\u65f6\u9488\u65cb\u8f6c\u80fd\u4f7f\u81ea\u8eab\u6392\u5217\u6210\u65cb\u8f6c\u675f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ec6\u83cc\u4ee5\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08Run \u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff1b\uff08b\uff09\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u65cb\u8f6c\u80fd\u4f7f\u65cb\u8f6c\u675f\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u97ad\u6bdb\u6307\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u800c\u4f7f\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ffb\u6eda\uff08Tumble 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63);\">\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\u8fd9\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u89c5\u98df\u53ca\u907f\u9669\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a<strong>\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236<\/strong>[5-11]\u3002\u5982\u6210\u529f\u89c5\u98df\u7684\u8682\u8681\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u5de2\u7a74\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\u7d20<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08pheromone\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 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style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u96be\u5ea6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u597d\u6c27\u83cc\u7fa4\u9700\u8981\u5408\u7406\u5206\u914d\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u6c27\u6c14\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u597d\u6c27\u7ec6\u83cc\u5c3d\u91cf\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u4f73\u6c27\u6c14\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u56fe2A\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 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style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"642\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"372\" data-ratio=\"1.1428571428571428\"  data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1120\" data-width=\"326\" style=\"width: 438px;height: 500px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-b5b7b2231ef008b9320155d2ed69993d.jpeg\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe2. 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63);\">12\u67087\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e<em>PNAS<\/em>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u8bbe\u5404\u4e3b\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u6216\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5982\u6c27\u6c14\u6d53\u5ea6\u6216\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u81ea\u8eab\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5411\u5916\u53d1\u6563\u7684\u6807\u91cf\u573a\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6cbf\u7740\u6807\u91cf\u573a\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411\u8c03\u6574\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u503cU<sub><span style=\"color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 16px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, 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63);\">\u3002\u4e3b\u4f53\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42\u6700\u4f18\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0e\u96c6\u4f53\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u573a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6807\u91cf\u573a\u5185\u751f\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u7531\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u975e\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u56e2\u7c07\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e2\u7c07\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u6d41\u5f62\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8be5\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u591a\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u4f18\u503c\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5fae\u5f31\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u4e3b\u4f53\u63a2\u7d22\u6d41\u5f62\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u5f80\u6700\u4f18\u503c\u7684\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"110\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"266\" data-ratio=\"0.19602063375092116\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1357\" data-width=\"1357\" style=\"width: 100%;height: auto;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-37d24d4b9e0c188f37108609ab1e505c.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe3. \u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u4f18\u5316\uff1aA-E \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d14\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e0\u52a0\u573a u\uff08x,y\uff09\u7684\u7b49\u503c\u56fe\u3002\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7c89\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u4e3b\u4f53\u6700\u4f18\u503c U<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 12px;\"><sub><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\">op<\/span><\/sub> <\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u7684\u70b9\u96c6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 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style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"192\" data-ratio=\"0.8577777777777778\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"675\" data-width=\"223\" style=\"width: 320px;height: 274px;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-6fb6b88aa909d726eddd5ffb213731d1.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\u56fe4. \u4e24\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5b50\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d28\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u4e09\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u901a\u4fe1\u6d3b\u6027\u7c92\u5b50\u96c6\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u4f18\u573a\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u5904\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u8d28\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);\">\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\u5904\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u521d\u6b65\u523b\u753b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u7f8e\u611f\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9002\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4f59\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u7fa4\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5404\u4e3b\u4f53\u6240\u63a2\u5bfb\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u503c\u5747\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u4e3b\u4f53\u6700\u4f18\u503c\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u4f18\u5316\u6216\u4f55\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u96c6\u4f53\u81ea\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 10px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;border-left: 5px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;width: 661px;\">\n<section style=\"padding-left: 4px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 661px;height: 360px;vertical-align: top;overflow-y: auto;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;overflow-x: hidden;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: justify;font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[1] G. 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U.S.A. 111, 17558\u201317563 (2014).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;\"><br  \/><\/span><br  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 3px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);letter-spacing: 1px;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: center;\">\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u53ef<strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u52a8<\/strong>\u67e5\u770b\uff09<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: center;\"><br  \/><\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 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0px;\">\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;\">\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81ea<span style=\"outline: 0px;font-style: italic;\">Nature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.3088962108731466\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1214\" style=\"outline: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/wxsync-2021-12-fdadfa689e4fd2c0d00404fdcd994125.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, 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href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247584812&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=430d42c3ad9a5e256c9ccf61c478bbfe&amp;chksm=e896d6a1dfe15fb70ca44a410ca0279718177bc6e2707cd906ce659cbdb5a4b50bd14afbd3e9&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u600e\u6837\u4fc3\u8fdb\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff1f\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u600e\u6837\u4fc3\u8fdb\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff1f<\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247581242&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=9b0f00b43660a4e4245b18fcd01f5041&amp;chksm=e896e4b7dfe16da178b21c8287a5074c0b6d6f57babce751efffbcfad31a17f1634146ffdbbf&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u4e34\u754c\u7684\u9e1f\u7fa4\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u20142021\u5e74\u8bfa\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bGiorgio Parisi\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4e34\u754c\u7684\u9e1f\u7fa4\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u20142021\u5e74\u8bfa\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bGiorgio Parisi\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76<\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" 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href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247555842&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=383e07df94e429aa66628a22471b37dc&amp;chksm=e897418fdfe0c899169c672f35d92217a17a558ea929f85aef402b1ec074ed2e1176472a3cc7&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5e74\u8d39VIP\u8ba1\u5212\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7d22\u590d\u6742\u6027\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" wah-hotarea=\"click\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"outline: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u6210\u4e3a\u96c6\u667aVIP\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u5168\u7ad9\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0f\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a><\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247571346&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=bbaa3da959582bf7575e7c32089e155e&amp;chksm=e8968d1fdfe1040999b2716ea642129064c032a3b84227f51cdc055b82be97682be43d490dd8&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" wah-hotarea=\"click\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"outline: 0px;text-decoration: underline;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/a><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: PingFangSC-light;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;background-color: rgb(12, 130, 169);\">\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c<strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;color: rgb(255, 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