{"id":31190,"date":"2021-12-20T20:57:08","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T12:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31190"},"modified":"2021-12-20T20:57:08","modified_gmt":"2021-12-20T12:57:08","slug":"%e5%a4%a7%e8%84%91%e6%b4%bb%e5%8a%a8%e4%b8%8e%e8%ae%a4%e7%9f%a5-%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8e%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e8%ae%ba%e7%9a%84%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31190","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5: \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u8054\u7cfb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0c\u8d1f\u71b5\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Guillem Collell\u3001Jordi Fauquet<\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f20\u6fb3<\/span> | <\/strong><\/span>\u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5218\u57f9\u6e90<\/span> | <\/strong><\/span>\u5ba1\u6821<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9093\u4e00\u96ea<\/span> | \u7f16\u8f91<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u8111\u4e0e\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6096\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u76ee\u524d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7269\u7406\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/strong>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5927\u8111\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ee5\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\u672f\u8bed<\/span> (La Cerra, 2003; Varpula et al., 2013) <\/span>\u5efa\u6a21\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u672f\u8bed<\/span> (Anderson, 1996; Friston, 2010)<\/span> \u5efa\u6a21\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u5c06\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e24\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9<\/span> (Colell and Fauquet, 2014)<\/span> \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\u662f\u5170\u9053\u5c14\u6781\u9650 <\/span>(Landauer, 1961) <\/span>\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c<\/span> (Bennett, 1982) <\/span>\u3001\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u548c\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u71b5\u4e0e\u8d1f\u71b5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5 <\/span>(Schrodinger, 1944; Brillouin,1953)<\/span>\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u71b5\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u91cf\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cf\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u79f0\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u800c\u5df2<\/span> (Rothstein, 1951; Brillouin, 1953)<\/span>\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8054\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5957\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b<\/span> (Colell and Fauquet, 2014)<\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u81f4\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5ea6\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee5\u80fd\u91cf\u5ea6\u91cf\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u67d0\u65b9\u5411\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e1867\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5373\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u6096\u8bba\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6096\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u601d\u7ef4\u8ba1\u7b97\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0ca \u548c b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u88c5\u5165\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u5b88\u536b\u7740 a \u548c b \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u95e8\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u5feb\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u671d a \u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u8fc7\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u6253\u5f00\u6d3b\u52a8\u95e8\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u95e8\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u5141\u8bb8\u6bd4\u5e73\u5747\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8fdb\u5165 b\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0ca \u4e2d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u9ad8\u4e8e b \u4e2d\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5<\/span> (\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684)<\/span> \u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u660e\u663e\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373\u71b5\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6e29\u5dee\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u505a\u529f <\/span>(Feynman et al.,1998)<\/span>\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u63d0\u51fa\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u6096\u8bba\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u51b3\u5b83\u3002\u540e\u6587\u5c06\u7ed9\u51fa\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ca\u7b80\u8981\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ee5\u524d\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u71b5\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u51b7\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u70ed\u5206\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u800c\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7535\u8111\u6d88\u8017\u80fd\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f16\u7801\u6216\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4ece\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u89c2\u70b9 <\/span>(Kirkaldy,1965; La Cerra,2003; Varpula et al., 2013)<\/span> \u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6846\u67b6<\/span> (Anderson,1996; Friston and Stephan,2007) <\/span>\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316<\/span> (Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz, 2011; Colell and Fauquet, 2014)<\/span> \u3002\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u8ff0\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587<\/span> (Collell and Fauquet, 2014) <\/span>\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u95f4\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb<\/span> (\u89c1\u56fe1) <\/span>\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe1. \u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8(\u5de6)\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b(\u53f3)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb(\u4e2d)<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86Friston\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u5148\u524d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u95f4\u642d\u5efa\u6865\u6881\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u53d1\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff09<\/span>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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2. \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5f00\u653e\u8017\u6563\u7cfb\u7edf\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7efc\u8ff0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u71b5\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49 <\/span>(Feynman et al.,1965) <\/span>\u7b49\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\u8017\u6563\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u529f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52a8\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u529f\u3002\u7269\u7406\u71b5<\/span>(\u5373 S )<\/span>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u57281856\u5e74\u7531\u514b\u52b3\u4fee\u65af<\/span>\uff08Classius\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u72b6\u6001 a1<\/sub>\u548c a2<\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u5316 \u0394S \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d \u03b4Q \u4ee3\u8868\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u70ed\u91cf\uff0cT \u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u7126\u8033\/\u5f00\u5c14\u6587(J\/K) <\/span>(Feynman et al., 1965)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6839\u636e\u5176\u6982\u7387\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u5c0f\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6da8\u843d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u53ea\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u66f4\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a dS\/dt \u22650 <\/span>(Prigogine,1978) <\/span>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u6362\u7269\u8d28\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u6574\u523b\u753b\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u65e0\u9700\u5916\u754c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5373\u53ef\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5b87\u5b99\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u624d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u71b5\u4e0d\u50cf\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u80fd\u91cf\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7834\u574f<\/span>\uff08\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u71b5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7834\u574f<\/span>\uff08\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5927\u8111\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5316\u5230\u71b5\u503c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1f<\/strong>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u662f\u4e3a\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d3b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5219\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u503c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\u589e\u52a0\u71b5\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5b87\u5b99\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 DNA \u5408\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662fATP<\/span>\uff08\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u817a\u82f7\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f9b\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7834\u574f<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u589e\u52a0\u65e0\u5e8f\u6027\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u71b5\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\u4ecd\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u71b5\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5c06\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1<\/span> (Schrodinger,1944)<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u4efb\u4f55\u663e\u8457\u7684\u71b5\u589e\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u8fb9\u754c\u88ab\u8fc5\u901f\u6d88\u9664\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ea7\u751f ATP \u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e9f\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e9f\u7269\u5fc5\u987b\u968f\u540e\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u6392\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u71b5\u6216\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u71b5\u7684\u201c\u5bf9\u7acb\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u968f\u5373\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14<\/span> (1944) <\/span>\u5f15\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u521d\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8d1f\u71b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ea7\u751f\u529f\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u71b5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u51fa\u73b0\u5c16\u5cf0<\/span>\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f ATP\uff09<\/span>\u524d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u65f6<\/span>\uff08\u50cf\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u6837\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7269\u7406\u8d1f\u71b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0<\/span> (Prigogine,1978)\uff1a<\/span>\u200d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u5f0f1\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d U \u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u5185\u80fd\uff0cT \u662f\u5176\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u8111\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81: (1)\u5927\u8111\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u8fb9\u754c\u6d88\u9664\u71b5\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span>\uff08\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u4ee5 ATP \u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\uff1b(2)\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u7406<\/span> (Kirkaldy,1965; La Cerra,2003; Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz,2011; Varpula et al.,2013)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8003\u8651\u5230\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u547d\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u71b5\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u666e\u5229\u9ad8\u6d25<\/span> (1978) <\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u71b5\u7684\u603b\u53d8\u5316 dS \u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u71b5\u7684\u589e\u52a0 di<\/sub>S \u548c\u7a7f\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5927\u8111\u533a\u57df\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u89c1\u56fe2\uff09<\/span>\u8fb9\u754c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u71b5 de<\/sub>S\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u56fe2.\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5185\u5916\u7684\u71b5\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u6539\u7f16\u81ea\u666e\u5229\u9ad8\u6d25 (1978).<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u7acb\u5373\u5f97\u51fa di<\/sub>S > 0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u71b5\u589e\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u88ab\u6d88\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u793a<\/span> (Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz, 2011) <\/span>\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u71b5\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u8d85\u8fc7\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u8017\u6563\u7684\u6781\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6d8c\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08Prigogine,1978; Stephen et al.,2009)<\/span>\uff0c\u5982\u8ba4\u77e5\u91cd\u7ec4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6062\u590d\u4ea7\u751f\u529f<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u523a\u6fc0\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span> (ATP) <\/span>\u6d41\u5165\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6216\u5927\u8111\u533a\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6c27\u6c14\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6c27\u6c14\u548c\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u7684\u8f93\u9001\u5219\u7531\u8840\u6db2\u5b8c\u6210<\/span> (Howarth et al.,2010)<\/span>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7b49\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5f00\u653e\u8017\u6563\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u8111\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u71b5\u4ea4\u6362\u7387<\/span> (Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz,2011)\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span>\uff08\u5f0f2\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u5c06 di<\/sub>S\/dt \u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49\u529b\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span>\uff08\u5f0f3\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d J\u03c1<\/span><\/sub> \u662f\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b \u03c1<\/span> (\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u70ed\u6d41\u3001\u6269\u6563\u7b49) <\/span>\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c X\u03c1<\/span><\/sub><\/span> (\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u52bf\u68af\u5ea6\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u4e3a\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e7f\u4e49\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63cf\u8ff0\u5bf9\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u9002\u7528\u3002\u8be5\u5047\u8bf4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u5931\u53bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c6\u4e3a\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9f50\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9f50\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u80de\u5ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80de\u5ba4\u8db3\u591f\u5927\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u5fae\u89c2\u6da8\u843d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u53c8\u8db3\u591f\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e73\u8861\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u80de\u5ba4\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u80de\u5ba4\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u5e73\u8861 <\/span>(Lebon et al.,2008)<\/span>\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861\u5047\u8bf4\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5fae\u89c2\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5927\u5927\u77ed\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7c92\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u598210-12<\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u79d2\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6301\u7eed\u7ea61\u79d2\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5c40\u90e8\u5e73\u8861\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5f53\u5fae\u89c2\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u7f13\u6162\u5f1b\u8c6b\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6eb6\u6db2\u6216\u8d85\u5bfc\u4f53; \u6216\u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u5728\u7a00\u91ca\u6c14\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u6216\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u5feb\u5f1b\u8c6b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u6216\u71b5\uff09(Vilar and Rub\u00ed,2001)<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u5176\u5b83\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7ef4\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5f1b\u8c6b\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cVilar \u548c Rub\u00ed<\/span> (2001) <\/span>\u63d0\u8bae\u5c06\u901f\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51c6\u786e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4efb\u4f55\u6d89\u53ca\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6162\u5f1b\u8c6b\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u9ad8\u9891\u7387\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5c06\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u62d3\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Varpula \u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (2013\u5e74) <\/span>\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5047\u8bbe\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7535\u6d41\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6d88\u8017\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u8111\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u7406\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bfb\u627e\u5728\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u901a\u8def<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6cb3\u6d41\u4fb5\u8680\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u666f\u89c2\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u5237\u65b0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u6a21\u5f0f\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u52a0\u5f3a\u65f6\u800c\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4ec5\u5229\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u8bb8\u591a\u5927\u8111\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u8054\u60f3\u6216\u8bb0\u5fc6\u68c0\u7d22\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51e0\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf<\/span>\uff08fMRI\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0e\u8840\u6c27\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u5173\u7684<\/span>\uff08blood oxygen level dependent\uff0cBOLD\uff09<\/span>\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8c22\u53d8\u5316\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8111\u7535\u56fe<\/span>\uff08EEG\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u5934\u76ae\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7535\u538b\u5dee\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u80fd\u91cf\u6d3b\u52a8\u6700\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5fae\u7535\u6781\u63d2\u5165\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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3. \u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecdFriston\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u9999\u519c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u57281948\u5e74\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u9053\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u7ec4\u6210(Shannon,1948)\u3002\u7b26\u53f7 xi \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d p(x<\/span>i<\/sub>)\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u7b26\u53f7 xi<\/sub> \u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5f53\u5bf9\u6570\u7684\u5e95\u6570\u4e3a2\u65f6\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u6bd4\u7279\uff08\u4f4d\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cI(xi<\/sub>)\u7b49\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u4ec5\u7531\u7b26\u53f7 x<\/span>i<\/sub> \u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u3002x<\/span>i<\/sub> \u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06I(x<\/span>i<\/sub>)\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf xi \u7684\u201c\u60ca\u5947<\/span>\uff08surprise\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u7528 H \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d88\u606f\u4e3a n \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7b26\u53f7 x={xi<\/sub>} \uff0ci \u2208{1\uff0c… \uff0cn}\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4e3a p(xi<\/sub>)\u3002\u5373<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff08\u5f0f4\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e0\u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u9999\u519c\u4fe1\u6e90\u7f16\u7801\u5b9a\u7406<\/span>\uff08Shannon’s source coding theorem\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u5b9a\u7406\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u71b5\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4ee5\u5185\u800c\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Friston\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8 Friston \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08Friston and Stephan,2007; Friston, 2010\uff09<\/span>\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u77e5\u89c9\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u63a8\u7406\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u77e5\u89c9\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span> (Moran et al.,2013)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Friston\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u53eb\u505a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span>\uff08free energy\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd F \u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u60ca\u5947\u201d\u7684\u4e0a\u754c\u6216[ log-evidence-ln p (<\/sub>| m)]\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165<\/span><\/sub>\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578bm\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u60ca\u5947\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u9879\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3a Kullback-Liebler \u6563\u5ea6\u6216\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff08\u5f0f5\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d \u03d1 \u662f\u5f15\u8d77\u611f\u5b98\u72b6\u6001<\/sub>\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u91cf\uff0c\u03bc \u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u8111\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c06\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8868\u5f81\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001 \u03bc\u3002\u5219D (q (\u03d1 | \u03bc) | p (\u03d1 |<\/sub>))\u9879\u662f\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8ba4\u77e5\u5bc6\u5ea6 q (\u03d1 | \u03bc)\u4e0e\u5bfc\u81f4 \u03d1 \u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5206\u5e03 p (\u03d1 |<\/sub>)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u8ba4\u77e5\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08recognition density\uff09<\/span>\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165<\/sub>\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8868\u5f81\u3002\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span> (\u516c\u5f0f5)<\/span> \u770b\u4f5c: F = \u60ca\u5947 + \u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u3002<\/span>\uff08F=Surprise+Cross Entropy\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Friston\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b58\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4e3b\u4f53\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9c7c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u907f\u514d\u79bb\u5f00\u6c34\u6765\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span> (Friston,2010)<\/span>\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u8868\u5f81\u6765\u4f7f\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u9879\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u8bc6\u522b\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u903c\u8fd1\u771f\u5b9e\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u4f18\u5316\u611f\u77e5\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e3b\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u63a8\u65ad\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4f7f\u968f\u540e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u9519\u8bef\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9690\u542b\u5730\u7f16\u7801\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u6539\u53d8\u671f\u671b\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u884c\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u6539\u53d8\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u907f\u514d\u60ca\u5947\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5176\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65b9\u7a0b(5)\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u5f0f6\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d-< lnp (<\/sub>, \u03d1|m) > q \u9879\u662f[\u5728\u5bc6\u5ea6 q(\u03d1|\u03bc)\u4e0b]\u4e3b\u4f53\u5bfb\u627e\u7531\u67d0\u4e2a \u03d1 \u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165<\/sub>\u7684\u9884\u671f\u60ca\u5947\u3002Friston\u548cStephan<\/span> (2007) <\/span>\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u9879\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a\u671f\u671b\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u80fd\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf \u03d1 \u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u71b5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u5f0f\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u7cfb: F = \u671f\u671b\u80fd\u91cf-\u71b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179\u548c\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u516c\u5f0f\u6709\u7740\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Friston\u6a21\u578b\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u5fae\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u6216\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5<\/span> (Friston,2010)<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6e05\u6670\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6781\u5927\u539f\u7406\u53ea\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u539f\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u8111\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cFriston \u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u8bb0\u5f55\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u539f\u7406\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u66b4\u9732\u540e\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u53cd\u5e94\u6291\u5236<\/span> (Moran et al.,2013) <\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5173\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8457\u540d\u7684 ACT-R  <\/span>(Anderson,1996)<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cFriston\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6865\u6881\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u523a\u6fc0\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5927\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u9002\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u53ef\u5f97\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u89c6\u77e5\u89c9\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u50cf\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd51<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u6d4b\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u523a\u6fc0\u7279\u5f81\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u611f\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u523a\u6fc0\u7279\u5f81\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u53d6\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cLaughlin \u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (1998) <\/span>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u82cd\u8747\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u5b98\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u6bd4\u7279\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u5149\u5f3a\u6ce2\u52a8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u82cd\u8747\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u7684\u611f\u5149\u5668\u3002\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Borst \u548c Theunissen<\/span> (1999) <\/span>\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd52<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e2d\u4f30\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u4e2d\u95f4\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u9999\u519c\u71b5 H =-<\/span>\u2211p<\/span>i<\/sub>log2<\/sub>(pi<\/sub>)\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6 ABBA \u5e8f\u5217[ I = log<\/span>2<\/sub>(24<\/span><\/sup><\/span>) = 4\u4f4d]\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6ABBBAABAABABAB\u5e8f\u5217[ I = log<\/span>2<\/sub>(214<\/span><\/sup><\/span>) = 14\u4f4d]\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7528\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\u4f30\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u71b5<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u7ec4\u5408<\/span> (\u5fae\u89c2\u6001) <\/span>\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94<\/span>\uff08\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u71b5\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u8d1f\u8377\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u6848\u4f8b\u89c1\u56fe3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u56fe3. \u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56fe3\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u989c\u8272\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f30\u8ba1\u5c06\u662f log<\/span>2<\/sub>(22<\/span><\/sup><\/span>) = 2\u4f4d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56de\u7b54\u4e24\u4e2a\u662f\/\u5426\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bd5\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u4efb\u4f55\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u989c\u8272\u6216\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u63cf\u8ff0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cStephen \u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (2009) <\/span>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u9f7f\u8f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9884\u6d4b\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9f7f\u8f6e\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u89c6\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd53<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u795e\u7ecf\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u548c\u8111\u7535\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u5927\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u7f16\u7801\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u201d\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u8bb0\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08Borst and Theunissen, 1999\uff09<\/span> \uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u975e\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u529f\u80fd\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u6216\u8111\u7535\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/span>\uff08Assecondi et al.,2015)<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u4f30\u8ba1\u71b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u5305\u62ec\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8111\u7535\u6ce2\u6210\u5206\u7684\u632f\u5e45\u6216\u65f6\u5ef6\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5143<\/span>\uff08voxel\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u4e0e\u8840\u6c27\u6c34\u5e73\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7b49<\/span>\uff08Assecondi et al.,2015\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd54<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08ANN\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e14\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u6613\u5f97\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u5c55\u793a\u591a\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6b64\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5426\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\uff08\u968f\u673a\uff09<\/span>\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u6cd5\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u6a21\u62df\u4efb\u4f55\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u52a1\u96be\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5927\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u611f\u77e5\u5668\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u7248\u672c<\/span>\uff08Rosenblatt, 1958\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08Hecht-Nielsen,1989\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u8005 Neocognitron<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09 \uff08Fukushima,1980\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4f30\u8ba1\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u611f\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u4fe1\u606f\u6210\u672c\u7684\u5408\u9002\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0cBrunel \u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (2004) <\/span>\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u611f\u77e5\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u5c0f\u8111\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08Purkinje cell\uff09<\/span>\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a81\u89e6\u529f\u6548\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u662f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d66\u80af\u91ce\u7ec6\u80de\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u8fbe5 kb \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f EDLUT\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u673a\u68b0\u81c2\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/span>\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u4e0a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08Ros et al.,2006\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528 Friston \u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5408\u9002\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u786e\u62df\u5408\u795e\u7ecf\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08Moran et al.,2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u672f\u8bed\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u524d\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u76f8\u5173\u7279\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u6216\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u5728\u71b5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u7684\u7ea7\u6570<\/span>\uff08Borst and Theunissen,1999\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u201d\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u76ee\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c06\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8003\u8651\u592a\u591a\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1<\/span>\uff08Assecondi et al.,2015\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
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<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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4. \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u9996\u5148\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\u8bb8\u591a\u4f5c\u8005\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb<\/span> (Feynman et al.,1998)<\/span>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u548c\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc<\/span> (1877) <\/span>\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u71b5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u6ce2\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u5047\u8bbe\u5b58\u5728 W \u4e2a\u7b49\u6982\u7387\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\uff0c\u4e14\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5 S \u4e3a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u5f0f7\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d k \u662f\u6ce2\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u4e3a1.38 \u00d7 10-23<\/span><\/sup><\/span>J\/K\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u6307\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u591f\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u91cf\u72b6\u6001\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5347\u9ad8\u800c\u589e\u52a0<\/span> (Feynman et al.,1965)<\/span>\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u80fd\u91cf(E)\u3001\u4f53\u79ef(E)\u3001\u538b\u529b(P)\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6(T)\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5fae\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u71b5<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u514b\u52b3\u4fee\u65af\u516c\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08\u70ed\u4ea4\u6362\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373\u71b5\u57280 K \u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u6070\u597d\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u66f4\u4e00\u822c\u5730\uff0c\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5982\u4e0b<\/span> (Feynman et al.,1998) <\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u5f0f8\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d pi<\/sub> \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4ece\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7efc\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 i \u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\u4e0e\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6ce2\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570 k \u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u53d8\u5316; \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u90fd\u662f\u7b49\u6982\u7387\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5047\u8bbe\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c06\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u770b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u800c\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u662f\/\u5426\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b: \u6211\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u603b\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e22\u5931<\/span> (Rothstein,1951)<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u71b5\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u71b5 (\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u8d1f\u71b5)<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7528\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179<\/span>\uff08Helmholtz\uff09<\/span>\u516c\u5f0f(\u65b9\u7a0b1)\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a<\/span>\uff08Brillouin\uff09(1953) <\/span>\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u201c\u8d1f\u71b5\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u548c\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u7edf\u4e00\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a (1953) \u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u63a8\u7406\u6765\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709P0<\/sub>\u4e2a\u7b49\u6982\u7387\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f I\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u50cf\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u5bf9\u6c14\u4f53\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u5229\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5230 P1<\/sub>\u3002\u628a\u4e24\u6570\u91cf\u6bd4\u503c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86<\/sub>\uff0c<\/span>\u5176\u4e2d<\/sub>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9<\/sub>= log2<\/sub>(e) \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6bd4\u7279\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f I = log2<\/sub>(P0<\/sub>\/P1<\/sub>)\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9<\/sub> = k<\/span> (\u5373\u6ce2\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570) <\/span>\uff0c\u5e94\u7528 Boltzmann \u516c\u5f0f[ s = kln (p)]\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\u9879\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f:<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u5f0f9\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d I \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8d1f\u71b5\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u53ef\u4e92\u6362\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5df2\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7 <\/span>(Prigogine,1978; Plenio and Vitelli,2001; Maruyama et al. ,2009)<\/span>\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b64\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u9879(S0<\/sub>-I)\u22650\u6765\u63a8\u5e7f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span> (Brilouin,1953)<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u9999\u519c\u4fe1\u6e90\u7f16\u7801\u5b9a\u7406\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5185\u5728\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fdd\u53cd\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5219\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Szilard<\/span> (1929) <\/span>\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4ea7\u751f\u71b5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u6bd4\u7279\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u80fd\u91cf\u662f kTln (2) J <\/span>\uff08\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684 kln (2)J\/K \u71b5\u589e\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0cLandauer<\/span> (1961) <\/span>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u64e6\u9664\u4e00\u6bd4\u7279\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\uff09<\/span>\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u540c\u6837\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u70ed\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u70ed\u91cf\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u662f\u9650\u5236\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u5170\u9053\u5c14\u6781\u9650\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6bd4\u7279\u6240\u9700\u7684 kTln (2) J \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u201c\u64cd\u7eb5\u201d\u6216\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u6d4b\u91cf\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u663e\u793a\u3001\u662f\/\u5426\u51b3\u5b9a\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u539f\u7406\u4e3a\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u6096\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5373\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u96f6\u6210\u672c\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6d4b\u91cf<\/span> (Szilard,1929)<\/span>\u3001\u64e6\u9664 <\/span>(Landauer,1961) <\/span>\u6216\u7f16\u7801<\/span> (Bennett,1982) <\/span>\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ed8\u51fa\u6210\u672c\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u8d1f\u71b5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136<\/span> (Brillouin,1953)<\/span>\u3002\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u6096\u8bba\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u795e\u7ecf\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u6bd4\u7279\u6216\u8005\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u51b3\u7b56<\/span>\uff08\u51b7\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u70ed\u5206\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e3a kTln (2) J\u3002\u5170\u9053\u5c14\u6781\u9650\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u5c06\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u71b5\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u670d\u4ece\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDe Castro<\/span> (2013) <\/span>\u89e3\u6790\u6027\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5170\u9053\u5c14\u6781\u9650\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0b\u9650\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fdb\u5316\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u201d\u4e86\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u7269\u7406\u4e0b\u9650\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u8003\u8651\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u662f\u539f\u5b50\/\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5927\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u76f8\u8ddd\u751a\u8fdc; \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u6548\u7387 <\/span>(Narayanan et al.,2005)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Laughlin et al. <\/span>(1998) <\/span>\u9996\u6b21\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u660e\u786e\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u82cd\u8747\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u5b98\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u6bd4\u7279\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u5927\u7ea6\u662f5\u00d710-14<\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u7126\u8033\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e104<\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u4e2a ATP \u5206\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5170\u9053\u5c14\u7684\u6781\u9650 kTln(2)J\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u602a\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u6bd4\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9ad8\u6548\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u82cd\u8747\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u5b98\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u56e0\u5927\u8111\u533a\u57df\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02<\/span> (Howarth et al.,2010)<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u5197\u4f59\u4e0e\u5730\u5f62\u548c\u79cd\u7fa4\u5927\u5c0f\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u80fd\u91cf\u6210\u672c\u968f\u7740\u795e\u7ecf\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u800c\u589e\u52a0<\/span> (Narayanan et al.,2005\u5e74)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u5185\u90e8\u8868\u5f81\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5bf9\u611f\u5b98\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f<\/span> (Colell and Fauquet,2014)<\/span>\u3002\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u80fd\u6e90-\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u7279\u522b\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u95f4\u63a5\u63a8\u65ad\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9996\u5148\u91c7\u53d6\u80fd\u91cf\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5ea6\u91cf\u63a8\u65ad\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\u542b\u91cf\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u80fd\u91cf\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u5173\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u8111\u533a\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u566a\u97f3\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6 <\/span>(Collell and Fauquet,2014)<\/span>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e0e\u72ec\u7acb\u4ece\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u6a21\u62df\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9010\u6e10\u5c06\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u4f30\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8bc1\u5ea6\u91cf\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u9ad8\u9636\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u77e5\u89c9\u66f4\u5c11\u53d7\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5fc3\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u3002Anderson \u548c Fincham <\/span>(2014\u5e74) <\/span>\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u591a\u4f53\u5143\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5<\/span>\uff08\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8651\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u548c\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u632f\u8361\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29<\/span>\uff08neural avalanches\uff09(Beggs and Plenz,2003) <\/span>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29\u4e0e\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u2014\u2014\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7531\u5c40\u90e8\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5355\u5143\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u5730\u9707\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u706b\u707e\u3001\u6c99\u5806\u3001\u6838\u8fde\u9501\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e34\u754c\u503c <\/span>(\u9608\u503c) <\/span>\u7684\u5355\u5143\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u5355\u5143\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ea7\u8054\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5355\u5143\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5206\u5e03\u7531\u5e42\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6807\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53d8\u6027\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bc1\u636e\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u6d3b\u52a8\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5206\u5e03\u9075\u5faa\u5e42\u5f8b<\/span>\uff08Beggs and Plenz,2003; Haimovici et al. ,2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u51e0\u4e4e\u5904\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5206\u652f<\/span>\uff08branching\uff09<\/span>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7956\u5148\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u533a\u5904\u4e8e\u6fc0\u6d3b\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u533a\u8be5\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u5206\u652f\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u4e8e1\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u503c\u5904\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e9a\u4e34\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea7\u751f\u8870\u51cf\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea7\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u766b\u75eb\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b<\/span>\uff08Beggs and Plenz,2003; Haimovici et al. ,2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29\u548c\u5927\u8111\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u88ab\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u5bfb\u6c42\u5728\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6d88\u8017\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span>\uff08Varpula et al.,2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u5fc5\u987b\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u8ba4\u77e5\u89d2\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u672f\u8bed\u5bf9\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u4efb\u4f55\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u6765\u81ea\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u9999\u519c\u71b5\u3002Stephen\u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (2009) <\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u6b65\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u9075\u5faa\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u71b5\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f88\u5feb\u6d1e\u5bdf\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f85\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u4e34\u754c\u503c\uff1a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08Varpula et al.,2013) <\/span>\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5206\u652f<\/span> (Beggs and Plenz,2003) <\/span>\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba <\/span>(Stephen et al.,2009) <\/span>\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u6027\u5728\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4f20\u9012\u5177\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u5728\u5f15\u8d77\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bc1\u660e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fde\u63a5\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5047\u8bbe: (i)\u5927\u8111\u5fc5\u987b\u907f\u514d\u76f8\u53d8<\/span> (\u5373\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u53d8\u5316) <\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u30fc\u30fc\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u8fc5\u901f\u6d88\u9664\uff1b(ii)\u5927\u8111\u603b\u662f\u5728\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4f7f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span> (\u7269\u7406\u6216\u4fe1\u606f) <\/span>\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\uff1b(iii)\u5927\u8111\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801<\/span>(Kirkaldy,1965; La Cerra,2003; Friston,2010; Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz,2011; Varpula et al.,2013; Colell and Fauquet,2014)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8003\u8651\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u5904\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u6fc0\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0eFriston\u4fe1\u606f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3b\u4f53\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u6027\uff0cFriston \u7684\u60ca\u5947\u9879 ln p (<\/sub>| m)\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7531\u4e8e\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u80fd<\/span>\uff08ATP\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5728\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u80fd\u591f\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u591a\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u901a\u8def\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8fc5\u901f\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 \u0394FH<\/span><\/sub><\/math-formula>< 0\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u6216\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u907f\u514d\u60ca\u5947\u72b6\u6001\uff0cFriston\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u503c \u0394F < 0 \u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u8fbe\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e24\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd8\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728Friston\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u51c6\u786e\u66f4\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6210\u56e0\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u901a\u8def\u5c06\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u68c0\u7d22\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u51cf\u5c11\u5176\u7269\u7406\u71b5\u548cFriston\u71b5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u516c\u5171\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u71b5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u9608\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e9b\u5371\u9669\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u800c\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u4f1a\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176Friston\u71b5\u4f1a\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5904\u4e8e\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u800cFriston\u71b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u7684Friston\u71b5\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Friston\u81ea\u7531\u80fd F \u548c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd I \u6709\u533a\u522b\u548c\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u90fd\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8d1f\u5bf9\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0cFriston\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0a\u7684\u60ca\u5947\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u2212lnp(<\/sub>|m)<\/span> (\u8fd8\u9700\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u9879) <\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u63a5\u6536\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027 <\/span>(\u5373\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf) <\/span>\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u9891\u7e41\u53d1\u751f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u4ec5\u9700\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u672a\u6765\u9047\u5230\u7684\u60ca\u5947\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6781\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6bd4\u7279\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u71b5\u9879 I \u4e5f\u6307\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u83b7\u5f97\/\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u6216\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u516c\u5f0f S1 <\/span><\/sub><\/span>= S0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>-I \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf<\/span> (\u4e0b\u9650) <\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5904\u7406 I \u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f<\/span> (\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u5e76\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 I \u4f4d\u6bd4\u7279) <\/span>\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5185\u7684\u7269\u7406\u71b5S<\/span>1 <\/span><\/sub><\/span>– S<\/span>0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u548cFriston\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0cFriston\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7684\u201c\u6d53\u7f29\u201d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u8111\uff09<\/span>\u5e76\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001 \u03bc \u7b49\u7279\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u540c\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u7684\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5df2\u77e5\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5355\u4f4d<\/span> (\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJ \u6216 J\/K) <\/span>\u80fd\u591f\u660e\u786e\u89e3\u91caFriston\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0e\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179\u65b9\u7a0b <\/span>(\u516c\u5f0f1) <\/span>\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76Friston\u4fe1\u606f\u6d4b\u5ea6(\u5982\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u548c\u71b5)\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u7b49\u6548\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u795e\u7ecf\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u5728\u5148\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898 <\/span>(Collell and Fauquet,2014)<\/span>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5df2\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u501f\u52a9\u5916\u754c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u5230\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u96ea\u5d29\u5bfb\u627e\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3002\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a<\/span> (1953) <\/span>\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u672f\u8bed\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7269\u7406\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u516c\u5f0f \u0394G = \u0394H-T\u0394S\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d H \u662f\u7113<\/span> (\u5373\u5185\u80fd\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u9879)<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u5409\u5e03\u65af\u81ea\u7531\u80fd \u0394G \u22640\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u624d\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\uff0cVarpula \u7b49\u4eba<\/span> (2013) <\/span>\u6700\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u8ba4\u77e5\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u5ea6\u91cf\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u786e\u5b9e\u6d41\u5165\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0cBeggs \u548c Plenz  <\/span>(2003) <\/span>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u53d1\u795e\u7ecf\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u5206\u652f\u53c2\u6570\u5904\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u503c<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u516c\u5f0f1\uff09<\/span>\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8be5\u63cf\u8ff0\u5927\u91cf\u91c7\u7528\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5f62\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u672f\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0cFriston\u6a21\u578b\u9690\u542b\u5730\u5c06\u81ea\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fe1\u606f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd F \u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u7a0b(5)\u6216(6)\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u539f\u56e0\uff09<\/span>\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5ea6\u91cf\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u516c\u5f0f<\/span> (\u516c\u5f0f9) <\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u628a\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u503c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u5206\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c06\u5e03\u91cc\u6e0a\u516c\u5f0f\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u5904\u7406\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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5. \u8ba8\u8bba<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55 <\/span>(Prigogine,1978; La Cerra,2003; Varpula et al.,2013) <\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 Friston \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548cFriston\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6765\u81eaFriston\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u3001\u60ca\u5947\u548c\u71b5\u4e0e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7b49\u4ef7\u6982\u5ff5\u95f4\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/span>(Brilouin,1953; Prigogine,1978; Feynman et al.,1998; Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz,2011)<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316 <\/span>(Del Castillo and Vera-Cruz,2011; Colell and Fauquet,2014) <\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8054\u7cfb\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u5173\u8054\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3001\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u4fc3\u8fdb\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3001\u5927\u8111\u548c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6216\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u5927\u8111\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9002\u5f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6fc0\u52b1\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4ece\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u8bc1\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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