{"id":31856,"date":"2022-01-21T17:59:58","date_gmt":"2022-01-21T09:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31856"},"modified":"2022-01-21T17:59:58","modified_gmt":"2022-01-21T09:59:58","slug":"%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%e6%8f%90%e5%87%ba%e8%80%85erik-hoel%e5%81%9a%e5%ae%a2%e9%9b%86%e6%99%ba%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e4%bc%9a%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%a8%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=31856","title":{"rendered":"\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u51fa\u8005Erik Hoel\u505a\u5ba2\u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u56e0\u679c | \u76f4\u64ad\u9884\u544a"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u57282013\u5e74\uff0c\u5854\u592b\u8328\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388Erik Hoel\u4e0e\u5176\u5bfc\u5e08Giulio Tononi\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\uff08Causal Emergence Theory\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u91cf\u5316\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6218\u80dc\u5fae\u89c2<\/a>\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\uff08effective information\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5176\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u673a\u5236\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5e95\u5c42\u5fae\u89c2\u673a\u5236\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Erik Hoel<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u9ea6\u8fea\u900a\u5206\u6821\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5854\u592b\u8328\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8fd0\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u5206\u6790\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5dee\u5f02\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4f55\u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6307\u6807\u5982\u4f55\u6355\u6349\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u9875 https:\/\/facultyprofiles.tufts.edu\/erik-hoel\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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    Hoel E P, Albantakis L, Tononi G. Quantifying causal emergence shows that macro can beat micro[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(49): 19790-19795.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hoel E P, Albantakis L, Marshall W, et al. Can the macro beat the micro? Integrated information across spatiotemporal scales[J]. Neuroscience of Consciousness, 2016, 2016(1).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Hoel E P. When the map is better than the territory[J]. Entropy, 2017, 19(5): 188.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Klein B, Hoel E. The emergence of informative higher scales in complex networks[J]. Complexity, 2020, 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n


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    \u62df\u9080\u8bf7\u5609\u5bbe<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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    \u5f20\u6c5f<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5efa\u6a21\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u591a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/section>\n
    Sara Walker<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fdb\u5316\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution\uff09\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a2\u7d22\u5b66\u9662\uff08School of Earth and Space Exploration\uff09\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388 \uff0cASU-SFI\u751f\u7269\u793e\u4f1a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08ASU-SFI Center for Biosocial Complex Systems\uff09\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u666e\u904d\u63cf\u8ff0\u5730\u7403\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u661f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6cd5\u5219\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/section>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u5c24\u4ea6\u5e84<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u91cf\u5b50\u591a\u4f53\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u4e34\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/section>\n
    \u5cb3\u7389\u6d9b<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u96c6\u8403\u6df1\u5ea6\u611f\u77e5\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u6240\u957f\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u5305\u62ec\u8ba1\u7b97\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u96f7\u8fbe\u89c6\u89c9\u878d\u5408\u3001\u7535\u78c1\u573a\u3001AGI\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\uff1a\u6768\u4e8c\u8336<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u8bfb\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u521b\u65b0\u521b\u4e1a\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u65ad\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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    \u4e3b\u9898\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e5\u62a5\u6d77\u62a5<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

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    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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    \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/p>\n<\/h3>\n

    \u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u8de8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u8d77\u6e90\u8fd9\u4e24\u5ea7\u4ef0\u4e4b\u5f25\u9ad8\u7684\u5927\u5c71\u662f\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u800c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u6280\u672f\u3001\u81ea\u6307\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7b49\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u7834\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u7b49\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c06\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u672c\u8bdd\u9898\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u79d1\u7814\u7075\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7ebf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u89c2\u770b\u5f80\u671f\u56de\u653e\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u62a5\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/section>\n

    \u626b\u7801\u62a5\u540d<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u626b\u7801\u586b\u5199\u62a5\u540d\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u586b\u5199\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4ed8\u6b3e\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91d1299\u5143\u3002\uff08\u7b26\u5408\u9000\u8d39\u6761\u4ef6\u540e\u53ef\u9000\u8d39\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u5fae\u4fe1\uff0c\u62c9\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7fa4<\/span><\/p>\n

    \uff08\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5f55\u5236\uff0c\u526a\u8f91\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u56de\u770b\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n


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    \u8bba\u6587\u9605\u8bfb\u6e05\u5355<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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    I. \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n