{"id":34669,"date":"2022-05-25T19:17:40","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T11:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=34669"},"modified":"2022-05-25T19:17:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-25T11:17:40","slug":"%e5%9c%b0%e7%90%83%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%a2%84%e6%b5%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e6%9d%a5%ef%bc%9a%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b-%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e8%9e%8d%e5%90%88%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=34669","title":{"rendered":"\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff1a\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Andrew Gettelman\uff0cAlan J. Geer\uff0cRichard M. Forbes\u7b49<\/span> <\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5218\u5fd7\u822a<\/span> <\/span>| \u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9093\u4e00\u96ea<\/span> | \u7f16\u8f91<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/span>The future of Earth system prediction: Advances in model-data fusion<\/span><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.abn3488<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u201c\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316<\/span>\uff08Data Assimilation\uff0cDA\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u5929\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u4ee5\u767e\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ecd\u7136\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e2a\u522b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8be6\u7ec6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u51fa\u73b0\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u9488\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63a8\u8fdb\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u9884\u62a5\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u9884\u671f\u6b63\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f\u4f53\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3[1]\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\u3002\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\uff1f\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u8db3\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6df1\u5c42\u5bf9\u6d41\u4e91\uff09<\/span>\uff1f\u89c2\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u63a8\u79fb\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55<\/span>\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u878d\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/span>\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u8282\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u56de\u987e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u878d\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5373\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u201c\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u672a\u6765\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4e8c\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5efa\u6a21\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u6d4b\u91cf\u53d7\u5230\u6280\u672f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7ea6\u675f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u3001\u6c34\u5a92\u548c\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6ce2\u957f\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9065\u611f\u8f90\u5c04\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u672c\u548c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u90fd\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5c55\u73b0\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5f53\u524d\u548c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\u878d\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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  1. \n

    \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/section>\n
    \u4ece\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u9996\u6b21\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u8fd1100\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4[2]\u3002\u81ea\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5929\u6c14[3]\u548c\u6c14\u5019[4]\u6a21\u578b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u201c\u6469\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\u201d\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u6bcf18\u4e2a\u6708\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f[5]\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55[6]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u95f4\u8ddd\u4e3a1-4\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u572848\u5c0f\u65f6\u6216\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u98ce\u66b4\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u66f4\u5bbd\u7684<\/span>\uff08100\u516c\u91cc\uff09<\/span>\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f51\u683c\u4e0a\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6a21\u578b\u5219\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u7ecf\u5e38\u6539\u7f16\u6216\u884d\u751f\u81ea\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5927\u6da1\u6a21\u62df\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e3a10\u81f3100\u7c73\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u98ce\u901f\u3001\u96e8\u91cf\u548c\u5f84\u6d41\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6c34\u6587\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\uff09<\/span>[7]\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u6b21\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u5230\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\u8fdb\u884c\u5341\u5e74\u548c\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \u56fe1. \u5927\u6c14\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u5fae\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u548c\u4e91\u6ef4\/\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u5230\u201c\u4e2d\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u4e91\u3001\u9f99\u5377\u98ce\u548c\u96f7\u66b4\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u201c\u5929\u6c14\u5c3a\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u70ed\u5e26\u6c14\u65cb\uff08\u98d3\u98ce\uff09\u548c\u6e29\u5e26\u6c14\u65cb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5927\u6c14\u73af\u6d41\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

     <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u5929\u6c14\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u578b\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5929\u6c14\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u52301\u516c\u91cc[8]\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5c06\u8fbe\u52305\u81f310\u516c\u91cc[9]\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5168\u90e8\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9646\u5730\u548c\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u51b0\u51bb\u5708\u3002\u4ece\u5929\u6c14\u5230\u6c14\u5019\u7efc\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u9884\u6d4b[10]\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u6c14\u8c61\u5c40\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b[11]\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5730\u7403\u201d\u8ba1\u5212[1]\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u53d8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u7f51\u683c\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u653e\u5927\u5230\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5730\u533a[12]\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u4ee3\u5177\u6709\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u6c34\u6587\u6216\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf[13]\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u5c06\u6709\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u548c\u591a\u6837\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u65e0\u7f1d\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u8fd8\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3001\u66f4\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u65e0\u7f1d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u5c06\u66f4\u96be\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u9700\u8981\u6574\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u533a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5206\u5272\u6210\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u7f13\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u73b0\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9488\u5bf9\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
     <\/span><\/section>\n
      \n
    1. \n

      \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c2\u6d4b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
       <\/span><\/section>\n
      \u5929\u6c14\u89c2\u6d4b\u5148\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u89c2\u6d4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301659\u5e74[14,15]\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u592a\u7a7a\u7684\u5730\u7403\u89c2\u6d4b\u59cb\u4e8e1960\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u9897\u7535\u89c6\u7ea2\u5916\u89c2\u6d4b\u536b\u661f<\/span>\uff08TIROS-1\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u56fe\u50cf[16]\u3002\u5168\u7403\u89c2\u6d4b\u8303\u56f4\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u548c\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u63a2\u7a7a\u4eea\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7535\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span> (GTS) <\/span>\u7f51\u7edc\u5230\u4f17\u591a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u536b\u661f\u548c\u201c\u661f\u5ea7\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768450\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u88ab\u52a8\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u536b\u661f\u89c2\u6d4b\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e91\u3001\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5c5e\u6027[17]\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9646\u5730\u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u51b0\u51bb\u5708\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u98de\u673a\u6d4b\u91cf\u98ce\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u548c\u5fae\u91cf\u6c14\u4f53[18]\u3002\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5730\u4e0b\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u6d4b\u91cf\u6d77\u6d0b\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u76d0\u5ea6\u548c\u6d77\u6d41[19]\u3002\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u70b9\u548c\u5854\u53f0\u6d4b\u91cf\u5730\u8868\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e7f\u5ea6\u548c\u79ef\u96ea\u3002\u9065\u611f\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u8986\u76d6\u6d77\u6d0b\u5230\u5916\u5c42\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u8f90\u5c04<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u3001\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u548c\u5fae\u6ce2\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5168\u7403\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u5929\u6c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u9a71\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u98ce\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
       <\/span><\/section>\n
      \u6709\u51e0\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u7ecf\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765[20]\u3002\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\/\u5e73\u53f0\u5bf9\u66f4\u591a\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u7d27\u5bc6\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u536b\u661f\u7fa4\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387[21]\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf<\/span>\uff08\u7784\u51c6\uff09<\/span>\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5f3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5730\u8868\u9065\u611f\u6280\u672f\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u3002\u88ab\u52a8\u6d4b\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6765\u81ea\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u548c\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u6d4b\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5fae\u6ce2\u96f7\u8fbe\u548c\u6fc0\u5149\u96f7\u8fbe\uff09<\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u91c7\u6837\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u504f\u8fdc\uff09<\/span>\u5730\u533a\u5c06\u7279\u522b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u5982\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u536b\u661f[21]\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u90e8\u7f72\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u89c2\u6d4b\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u6280\u672f[22\uff0c23]\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u98de\u673a\u98ce\u901f\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff09<\/span>\u5bf9\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528[24\uff0c25]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u5f02\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u5929\u6c14\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f9b\u6696\u548c\u5236\u51b7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u548c\u6c7d\u8f66[26]\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d41\u52a8\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u6784\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6821\u51c6\u65b9\u9762\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u4e92\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
       <\/span><\/section>\n

      \n

      <\/span><\/section>\n<\/h1>\n

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      <\/section>\n

      <\/section>\n
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      <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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      \u4e09\u3001\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n

      <\/section>\n

      <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


      <\/p>\n

      \u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7528\u4ece\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u6d4b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9152\u7cbe\u6216\u6c34\u94f6\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u5c06\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u70ed\u7535\u5076<\/span>\uff08\u7535\u5b50\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7535\u538b\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6e29\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u536b\u661f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6d4b\u91cf\u7535\u8377\u8026\u5408\u5668\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08CCD\uff09<\/span>\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u538b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u538b\u4e0e\u4ece\u5730\u7403\u5230\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6ce2\u957f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u5f3a<\/span>\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u8f90\u5c04\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f90\u5c04\u662f\u7531\u4ece\u5730\u7403\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u7c92\u5b50\u6216\u4ece\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u53d1\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e<\/span>\uff08\u9664\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\uff09<\/span>\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u5230\u8fbe\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u6c14\u9897\u7c92\u548c\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u6563\u5c04\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u5c42\u5185\u7684\u6563\u5c04<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u96ea\u5806\u4e2d\uff09<\/span>\u591a\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ece\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u53d1\u5c04\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e2d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7535\u538b\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5173\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6216\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9884\u671f\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f53\u79ef\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6e29\u5ea6\u5916\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e91\u5c42\u3001\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u7167\u7387\u6216\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
       <\/span><\/section>\n
        \n
      1. \n

        \u6a21\u578b-\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
         <\/span><\/section>\n
        \u56fe2\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08assimilation system\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff08h\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08wi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u5c06\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\uff08xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6d4b\u91cf\uff08yi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5728\u9065\u611f\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u662f\u8f90\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u6d88\u51cf<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u8f90\u5c04\u88ab\u4e91\u5c42\u906e\u6321\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5149\u5b50\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6db2\u4f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u8ba1\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u6f14\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u9884\u62a5\u6a21\u578b\uff08f\uff09\u7684\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff08xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u89c2\u6d4b\u503c\uff08y\uff09\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\uff08x\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570<\/span>\uff08wi<\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u5171\u4eab\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u4e00\u7ec4\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u7a0b\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff08xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u201d\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\u5927\u6c14\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982\u98ce\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dx={u\uff0cv\uff0cT} \u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cu\u548cv\u4ee3\u8868\u6c34\u5e73\u98ce\u5206\u91cf\uff0cT\u4ee3\u8868\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u9884\u62a5\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f7f\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u89c2\u5bdf\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u957f\u671f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b63\u8282\u6216\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff08w<\/span>i<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u662f\u5173\u952e[27]\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7f13\u6162\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u90e8\u5206\u9646\u5730<\/span>\uff08\u690d\u88ab\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u51b0\u51bb\u5708<\/span>\uff08\u51b0\u5ddd\u548c\u51b0\u76d6\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b<\/span>\uff08\u6e29\u8dc3\u5c42\u548c\u6df1\u6d77\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u5e74\u9645\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u201c\u77ed\u671f\u201d\u9884\u6d4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b63\u8282\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\u751a\u81f3\u5341\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
         <\/span><\/section>\n
        <\/section>\n

        \u56fe2. \u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e0e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u56db\u7ef4\u53d8\u5206\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u8026\u5408\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8026\u5408\u66f4\u677e\u6563\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6539\u8fdb\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08wi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

         <\/span><\/section>\n
          \n
        1. \n

          \u53cd\u6f14<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          <\/section>\n
          \u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53cd\u6f14\u662f\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u6d4b\u503cy\u63a8\u65ad\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001x\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u53cd\u6f14<\/span>\uff08retrieval\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d[28]\u3002\u53cd\u6f14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u51e0\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u6444\u53d6\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u6216\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/span>\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u6f14\u7ed3\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u89c2\u6d4b\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u6f14\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7248\u672c\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53cd\u6f14\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\uff08xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e8c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5148\u9a8c\u201d\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08x\u7684\u672a\u89c2\u6d4b\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u53cd\u6f14\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u73b0\u573a\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9065\u611f\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff08y\uff09\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u56fe2\u4e2d\u7684w\u8868\u793a\uff09<\/span>\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u578b\uff08h\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff08x\uff09\u3002\u53cd\u6f14\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u4e91\u5c42\u7684\u5927\u6c14\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6216\u592a\u9633\u8f90\u5c04\u5149\u8c31\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u89c2\u6d4b\u201d\uff08yi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u672a\u6765\u7684xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
           <\/span><\/section>\n
          \u7531\u4e8e\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5f88\u5c11<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09<\/span>\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u70b9\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u5174\u8da3\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u9006\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8f85\u52a9\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5148\u9a8c\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u6570\u636e\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u6f14\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u56e0\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u6df7\u6dc6\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\u53cd\u6f14\u4e2d\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5148\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5bf9\u53cd\u6f14\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u8003\u8651[29\uff0c30]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u592a\u590d\u6742\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\uff09<\/span>\u8bef\u5dee\u8868\u793a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u662f\u9020\u6210\u201c\u53cd\u6f14\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\u6216\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u6700\u5927\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5728\u57fa\u4e8e\u964d\u6c34\u96f7\u8fbe\u7684\u53cd\u6f14\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5c0f\u96e8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u654f\u611f\u6027[31]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
           <\/span><\/section>\n
          \u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u53cd\u6f14\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u4ee5\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u201c\u5148\u9a8c\u201d\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u4f30\u8ba1w\uff0c\u5982\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u91cf\uff08y\uff09\u4e0e\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff08x\uff09\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u6f14\u95ee\u9898[32]\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u201c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u201d\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6765\u81ea\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5408\u6210\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u524d\u5411\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u90a3\u6837<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u6587\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5355\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
           <\/span><\/section>\n
          \u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f02\u6784\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53cd\u6f14\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u5f02\u6784\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u536b\u661f\u548c\u5e38\u89c4\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08\u98de\u673a\u3001\u5730\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u63a2\u7a7a\u4eea\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u573a\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u7528\u9014\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u5c0f\u578b\u536b\u661f\u7fa4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u6027\u8f83\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u5355\u4e00\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u548c\/\u6216\u7cbe\u5ea6\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u9891\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u51f8\u663e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4ea4\u53c9\u6821\u51c6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u7684\u65b0\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u4f30\u8ba1\u6280\u672f<\/span>\uff08\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u53cd\u548c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u76f8\u540c\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5404\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4f30\u8ba1[33]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
           <\/span><\/section>\n
            \n
          1. \n

            \u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            <\/section>\n
            \u56fe2\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd5\u56fe\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53cd\u6f14\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff08f\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u524d\u5411\u548c<\/span>\uff08\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u5411\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5730\u4ee3\u8868\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u5b8c\u5168\u5185\u90e8\u81ea\u6d3d\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u90fd\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\/\u6216\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u504f\u79bb\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u504f\u79bb\u89c2\u6d4b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u201c\u6f02\u79fb\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2a\u522b\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u6f02\u79fb\u201d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8bc6\u522b\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6539\u8fdb\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b[34]\u3002\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u6b63\u8f68\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\uff08x\uff09\u66f4\u771f\u5b9e\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff08w\uff09\u3002\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u201c\u4fe1\u4efb\u201d\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u5411\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u662f\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u660e\u663e\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ece\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u80fd\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u518d\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf91980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf[35]\u3002\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891[36]\u5305\u62ec20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u91c7\u7528\u4e09\u7ef4\u548c\u56db\u7ef4\u53d8\u5206\u540c\u5316\u7684\u5927\u6c14\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u53d8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u5206-\u96c6\u5408\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u548c\u518d\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6539\u5584\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u536b\u661f\u8f90\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53cd\u6f14\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e91\u548c\u964d\u6c34\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u9646\u5730\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u6700\u4f18\u63d2\u503c\u6cd5\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5361\u5c14\u66fc\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u548c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6216\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u6027\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u793e\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8d8b\u540c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u76ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6b21\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u5230\u5b63\u8282\u6027\uff1b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5341\u5e74\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d8\u5316\u8f83\u6162\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\uff08\u9646\u5730\u3001\u51b0\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5[37]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u6d4b\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a[3]\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5929\u6c14-\u6c14\u5019\u6570\u503c\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08Numerical Environmental and Weather Prediction\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u6700\u597d\u5730\u540c\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5355\u72ec\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8026\u5408\u540c\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4ece\u975e\u5e38\u5f31\u7684\u8026\u5408\u540c\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u540c\u5316\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8026\u5408\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u80cc\u666f\uff09<\/span>\u5230\u5f3a\u8026\u5408\u540c\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>[38]\u3002\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e73\u8861\u8026\u5408\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5bf9\u8868\u9762\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6d77\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6d77\u51b0\u3001\u96ea\u6216\u571f\u58e4\u6c34\u5206\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u6c14\u72b6\u6001\u654f\u611f\u7684\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8026\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53cd\u6f14\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6d77\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u5316\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u540c\u5316\u6280\u672f\u4ece\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u9884\u6d4b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08x\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u201c\u53c2\u6570\u201d\uff08w\uff09[39\uff0c40]\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6216\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u968f\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u503c\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u503c\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6f14\u53d8[41]\u3002\u6b63\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784[42\uff0c43]\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u9884\u6d4b\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5339\u914d\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u6765\u7ea6\u675f\u706b\u707e\u3001\u6c99\u5c18\u548c\u4eba\u4e3a\u7684\u6392\u653e[44]\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u77ed\u671f\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b[45\uff0c46]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u662f\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0e\u5927\u6c14\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u573a\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6c34\u6c7d\u3001\u98ce\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u81ed\u6c27\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u540c\u5316\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u4f46\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u9886\u57df\u6709\u5173\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5982\u4e91\u6216\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6[47\uff0c49]\u3002\u4e91\u5bf9\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u90fd\u5f88\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e91\u7684\u540c\u5316\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e0e\u4e91\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u540c\u5316\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ede\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff08i\uff09\u8bb8\u591a\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u96be\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u573a\uff0c\uff08ii\uff09\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e91\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u4e91\u7279\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08 iii\uff09\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u4e91\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8bef\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u63a8\u8fdb\uff08i\uff09\u548c \uff08ii\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e91\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8868\u793a\uff08iii\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8bef\u5dee\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bef\u5dee\u662f\u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

            <\/section>\n

            <\/section>\n

            \n
            \n
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            \n
            \n

            <\/section>\n

            <\/section>\n
            \n
            <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
            \n

            \u56db\u3001\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u878d\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

            \n

            <\/section>\n

            <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


            <\/p>\n

            \u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u573a\u89c2\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdc\u7a0b\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u536b\u661f\u6216\u5730\u9762\u8f90\u5c04\u91cf\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5927\u6c14\u5c42\u3001\u9646\u5730\u3001\u6d77\u6d0b\u548c\u51b0\u51bb\u5708\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6216\u201c\u521d\u59cb\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5c0f\u4e8e\u201c\u53bb\u5173\u8054\u65f6\u95f4\u201d<\/span>\uff08decorrelation time\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5931\u53bb\u5bf9\u5176\u5148\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6d41\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f1\u5929\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5929\u6c14\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\u662f10\u5929\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u571f\u58e4\u6e7f\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\u662f1\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cf\u5384\u5c14\u5c3c\u8bfa\u6216\u6d77\u51b0\u53d8\u5316\u6765\u8bf4\u662f1\u52302\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5bf9\u8bef\u5dee\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u5927[50\uff0c51]\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u4e91\u548c\u964d\u6c34\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c24\u5176\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/span>
            <\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u56fe 2 \u6240\u793a\u7684\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u7ea6\u675f\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d7\u5230\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6a21\u578b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u7f51\u683c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\u552f\u4e00\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08\u201c\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u7ea6\u675f\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5730\u8868\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u6216\u98de\u673a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684\u56de\u5f52[52]\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u957f\u6ce2\u8f90\u5c04\u6a21\u578b[53]\u3002\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f83\u7c97\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u8f83\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6a21\u578b[54]\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8f83\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u504f\u5dee\u6216\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u8de8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span>\uff08\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u7ea6\u675f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6253\u65ad\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u8865\u507f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7684\u533a\u57df\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u96f7\u66b4\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u53d8\u89c2\u6d4b\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u96be\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96be\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u5f00\u59cb<\/span>\uff08\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56fe3\u5c06\u56fe2\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u9884\u62a5\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4e3a\u9884\u62a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u63a8\u6d4b\uff09<\/span>\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fdb\u5165\u5168\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f83\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5012\u7f6e\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u95ee\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u95ee\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff1f\u201d \u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u70ed\u5e26\u6c14\u65cb\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u4e0b\u6295\u5f0f\u63a2\u7a7a\u4eea\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u767b\u9646\u98ce\u66b4\u7684\u9884\u62a5\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u89c1\u201c\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u4fee\u6539\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u4e00\u8282\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

            <\/span><\/section>\n
            <\/section>\n

            \u56fe3. \u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u878d\u5408\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5730\u7403\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5149\u8c31\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u7531\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u9ed1\u767d\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u6307\u51fa\uff09\u3002\u536b\u661f\u8f90\u5c04\u503c\uff08\u6765\u81ea\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u53cd\u6f14\u6216\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u201d\uff08data cube\uff09\u6216\u6570\u5b57\u201c\u5b6a\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u89c2\u6d4b\u6ca1\u6709\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5149\u8c31\u533a\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5408\u6210\u8f90\u5c04\u5ea6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u89c4\u5212\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

             <\/span><\/section>\n
            \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u613f\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u81ea\u6d3d\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u591a\u7ef4<\/span>\uff08\u4e09\u7ef4+\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/span>\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u63d2\u503c\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u7a00\u758f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8f90\u5c04\u5ea6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u89c2\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u9ed1\u767d\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bb8\u591a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6ce2\u957f<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u56fe3\u4e2d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u6240\u793a\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e0e\u8be5\u56fe\u7247\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
             <\/span><\/section>\n
              \n
            1. \n

              \u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5f00\u53d1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              <\/section>\n
              \u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u53c2\u6570 wi<\/sub><\/span> [55]\u7684\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u8bc4\u4f30\u6216\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4eff\u771f\u5668[56\uff0c57]\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc[58-60]\u6216\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u4f18\u5316[61]\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u5c06\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901f\u7387\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u62df\u5408\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u4e86\u98de\u8dc3\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u9ad8\u9636\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53d7\uff08i\uff09\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\uff08ii\uff09\u8be6\u7ec6\u3001\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u73b0\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u548c\u5916\u63a8\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6a21\u578b\u95ee\u9898[60]\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6b63\u8bd5\u56fe\u5efa\u7acb\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5f8b\u548c\u7ea6\u675f[62]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
               <\/span><\/section>\n
              \u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u7efc\u5408\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6545\u969c\u3002\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u201c\u5206\u6790\u589e\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5411\u89c2\u6d4b\u503c\u9760\u62e2\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u70b9\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5de5\u5177[63, 64]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
               <\/span><\/section>\n
              \u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u3002\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u548c\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u660e\u786e\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u540c\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u5316\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u53cd\u6f14\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u62a5\u5c06\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u96c6\u5408\u9884\u62a5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u6982\u7387\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6982\u7387\u9884\u62a5\u5e94\u8be5\u53cd\u6620\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u5929\u6c14\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
               <\/span><\/section>\n
                \n
              1. \n

                \u6570\u636e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                <\/section>\n
                \u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08\u9884\u6d4b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u201c\u5206\u6790\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4ee5\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a2\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6570\u636e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u201d<\/span>\uff08data cube\uff09<\/span>[65]\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4ece\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f\u201d<\/span>\uff08digital twin\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u63a2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u201c\u98de\u884c\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5e94\u529b\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u7269\u4e4b\u524d\u6539\u53d8\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u79d1\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b[1]\u3002\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u4f7f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u6807\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u6539\u8fdb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u540e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                 <\/span><\/section>\n
                  \n
                1. \n

                  \u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u5668<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  <\/section>\n
                  \u6570\u636e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u6216\u6570\u5b57\u5b6a\u751f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u76f4\u63a5\u6a21\u62df\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u786e\u5b9a\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5411\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2\u4e2d\u7684xi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6210\u89c2\u6d4b\uff08yi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u53cd\u6f14\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u662f\u51b0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff1f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5305\u62ec\u504f\u632f\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u96f7\u8fbe\u6a21\u62df\u5668[66-68]\u4ee5\u53ca\u5305\u62ec\u7ea2\u5916\u548c\u65e0\u6e90\u5fae\u6ce2\u7684\u536b\u661f\u6a21\u62df\u5668[69\uff0c71]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u652f\u6301\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5fae\u89c2\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u201d[72]\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5c5e\u6027[73\uff0c55]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                   <\/span><\/section>\n
                    \n
                  1. \n

                    \u5229\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u4fee\u6539\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    <\/section>\n
                    \u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5229\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f18\u5316\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7279\u5b9a\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08OSSE\uff09<\/span>[74,75]\u548c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u968f\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316<\/span>\uff08EDA\uff09<\/span>\u6846\u67b6[76]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u5fc5\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4eba\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5728\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u98d3\u98ce\u730e\u624b\u201d\u98de\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u5bf9\u70ed\u5e26\u6c14\u65cb\u7684\u9884\u62a5\uff0c\u6216\u9488\u5bf9\u70ed\u5e26\u6c14\u65cb\u5b9a\u5411\u4e0b\u6295\u63a2\u7a7a\u4eea[77]\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684[78]\uff0c\u4f46\u786e\u5b9a\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8fd9\u4e00\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u53cd\u5411\u201d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730<\/span>\uff08\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u63a2\u7d22\u62df\u8bae\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6216\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u9884\u6d4b\u53ca\u5176\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c2\u6d4b\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8131\u94a9\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982OSSE\u548cEDA\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u56fe3\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                     <\/span><\/section>\n
                      \n
                    1. \n

                      \u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      <\/section>\n
                      \u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8981\u7d20\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u523026\u6b21\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u6f14\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c2\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u548c\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8bef\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u60c5\u51b5\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u53cd\u6f14\u5177\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u5148\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u8f90\u5c04\u4f20\u8f93\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u540c\u5316\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u8fdb\u884c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u89c2\u6d4b\u8c03\u6574\u591a\u5c11<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4f55\u5904\u548c\u4f55\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n
                      \u96c6\u5408\u9884\u62a5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u6355\u6349\u5b83\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u91cf\u5316\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u3002\u76ee\u524d<\/span>\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6270\u52a8\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u5c06\u968f\u673a\u6270\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf[79]\u6216\u968f\u673a\u4fee\u6539\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570[41]\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u96c6\u5408\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6[80]\u3001\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f[81]\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\u96c6\u5408[56]\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/span>\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n

                      <\/h1>\n

                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n
                      \n

                      <\/section>\n

                      <\/section>\n
                      \n
                      <\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
                      \n

                      \u4e94\u3001\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u672a\u6765<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

                      \n

                      <\/section>\n

                      <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


                      <\/p>\n

                      \u4e3a\u4e86\u89c4\u5212\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff1f\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\/\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89c2\u6d4b\uff1f\u5728\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u5927\u591a\u6570\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u65f6\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u9650\u5236\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u77ed\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5929\u6c14\uff09<\/span>\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d77\u6d0b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u5730\u4e0b\u89c2\u6d4b\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u6c14\u6e4d\u6d41\u548c\u4e91\u5c42<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u7f51\u683c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u89c1\u56fe1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u7f51\u683c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u5916<\/span>\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5229\u7528\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u5316\u6216\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6700\u8fd1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u4e91\u5c42\u89c2\u6d4b\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u540c\u5316\u89c2\u6d4b\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u540c\u5316\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u6cd5\uff1a\u5728\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5143\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6539\u8fdb\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u964d\u6c34\u9884\u6d4b\uff09<\/span>\u9700\u8981\u5728\u63a8\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5c06\u56e0\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u89c4\u6a21<\/span>\uff08\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/span>\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n
                      \u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e91\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6311\u6218\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u8fde\u7eed\u573a<\/span>\uff08\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u98ce\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u573a<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u51dd\u7ed3\u6c34\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u540c\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8868\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5206\u6563\u6027\uff0c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u8868\u793a\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u662f\u540c\u5316\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fde\u7eed\u7ad9\u6216\u5730\u7403\u540c\u6b65\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63a8\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span>\uff08\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u5149\u8c31<\/span>\uff08\u5730\u7403\u540c\u6b65\uff09<\/span>\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6709\u9650\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u5316\u7387\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u540c\u5316\u53d8\u5316\u7387\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7d27\u5bc6\u95f4\u9694\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u540c\u4f4d\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n
                      \u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u6539\u8fdb\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5171\u540c\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5982\u56fe3\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6a21\u578b-\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u878d\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                       <\/span><\/section>\n
                        \n
                      1. \n

                        \u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        <\/section>\n
                        \u4ea7\u751f\u8de8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6709\u7528\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u201d\u6216\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5929\u6c14\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u6216\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u672a\u67656\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u672a\u67656\u5929\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u6c14\u5019\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u4ef7\u503c<\/span>\uff08\u6781\u7aef\u5929\u6c14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u672a\u676560\u5e74\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u540c\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e91\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u6c14\u5019\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e91\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea6\u675f\u4e91\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684[82]\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u6c14\u5019\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5982\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u683c\u548c\u5bf9\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u6052\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e9a\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u5230\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ec4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u4e9a\u5b63\u81f3\u5b63\u8282\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u66f4\u597d\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e9a\u5b63\u81f3\u5b63\u8282\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u7cbe\u786e\u5b88\u6052\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                         <\/span><\/section>\n
                        \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u677e\u6563\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u6216\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d39\u7528\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                         <\/span><\/section>\n
                        \u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u586b\u8865\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65b0\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u5f62\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143<\/span>\uff08GPU\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5229\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u8f85\u52a9\u6a21\u578b\u542f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5316\u6280\u672f[83]\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u53cd\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                         <\/span><\/section>\n
                        \u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u5168\u9762\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u9700\u8981\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u662f\u5426\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u671d\u7740\u66f4\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1f\u9274\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u9884\u6d4b\uff09<\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7528\u9014[84]\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b9e\u9645\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8003\u8651\u5efa\u7acb\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u4ee5\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                         <\/span><\/section>\n
                        \u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u4ece\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u4e00\u5957\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ec\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u540c\u5316\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u533a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u5316\u7684\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08OOPS\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u901a\u7528\u793e\u533a\u7269\u7406\u5305<\/span>\uff08CCPP\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00\u4e1a\u52a1\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b<\/span>\uff08NUOPC\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u8026\u5408\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u6846\u67b6<\/span>\uff08ESMF\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                         <\/span><\/section>\n
                          \n
                        1. \n

                          \u5c06\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          <\/section>\n
                          \u9700\u8981\u628a\u89c2\u6d4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u8003\u8651\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5916\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u7efc\u5408\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5929\u6c14\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8fdb\u5165\u6c14\u5019\u5c3a\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u6700\u597d\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f7f\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u62a5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u89c2\u6d4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u672f<\/span>\uff08EDA \u548c OSSE\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u7528\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                           <\/span><\/section>\n
                          \u4ece\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u548c\u524d\u5411\u64cd\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u53cd\u6f14\u5f00\u53d1\u540c\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u6790\u800c\u4e8b\u540e\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ecEarthCare\u536b\u661f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u51c6\u5907[48,49,85]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                           <\/span><\/section>\n
                          \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u540c\u5316\u66f4\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4e91\u548c\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u540c\u5316\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u534a\u8fde\u7eed\u72b6\u6001\u573a\u7684\u540c\u5316\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5982\u98ce\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u6c34\u6c7d\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5728\u540c\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u4e91\u548c\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u573a\u65b9\u9762\u5e94\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7c92\u5b50\u6570\u6d53\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e91\u548c\u8f90\u5c04\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e91\u9897\u7c92\u5927\u5c0f\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u9ad8\u9636\u65f6\u523b<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u96f7\u8fbe\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u4e0e\u7403\u5f62\u9897\u7c92\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u516d\u9636\u77e9\u6709\u5173\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e91\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ea6\u675f\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                           <\/span><\/section>\n
                          \u5206\u4eab\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u5f00\u53d1\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5171\u540c\u89c2\u6d4b\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u6765\u6df1\u5316\u534f\u8c03\u3002\u793e\u533a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u671d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u52a0\u5f3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u89c2\u6d4b\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u53cd\u6f14\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u96f7\u8fbe\u548c\u6fc0\u5149\u96f7\u8fbe\u7b49\u6709\u6e90\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                           <\/span><\/section>\n
                            \n
                          1. \n

                            \u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            <\/section>\n
                            \u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8868\u5f81\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u3002\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u8fdb\u884c\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u63a8\u8fdb\u89c2\u6d4b\u6216\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u5bf9\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u96c6\u6210\u6a21\u578b-\u89c2\u6d4b\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                             <\/span><\/section>\n
                            \u536b\u661f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u6821\u51c6\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u536b\u661f\u6570\u636e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6548\u7528\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8bef\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                             <\/span><\/section>\n
                            \u8fd8\u5e94\u52aa\u529b\u8868\u5f81\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5f02\u6784\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/span>\uff08\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u536b\u661f\u3001\u5c0f\u578b\u536b\u661f\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u5907\uff09<\/span>\u53cd\u6f14\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u6784\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u951a\u5b9a\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u4f46\u4e0d\u592a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\/\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u53d8\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u4fe1\u606f\u6e90\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                             <\/span><\/section>\n
                            \u4ece\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u536b\u661f\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u89c2\u6d4b\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u6765\u6539\u5584\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff08wi<\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                             <\/span><\/section>\n
                            \u672a\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6982\u7387\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5e94\u8be5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5728\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u6982\u7387\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u5e26\u6709\u6982\u7387\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5384\u5c14\u5c3c\u8bfa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6982\u7387\u6216\u964d\u6c34\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f20\u8fbe\u7ed9\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                             <\/span><\/section>\n
                              \n
                            1. \n

                              \u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              <\/section>\n
                              \u9664\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u8fdb\u6b65\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u529f\u7387\u548c\u6210\u672c\u964d\u4f4e<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6216\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u536b\u661f\u6216\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u89c2\u6d4b\u8fdb\u884c\u8d28\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a8\u8fdb\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u9519\u8bef\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u201c\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u7b97\u5b50\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7528\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53d6\u4ee3\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                               <\/span><\/section>\n
                                \n
                              1. \n

                                \u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                <\/section>\n
                                \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u6a21\u578b\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u878d\u5408\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u878d\u5408\u201d\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u5316\u4e0e\u6570\u503c\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5[3]\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9884\u62a5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u201c\u5b6a\u751f\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u56de\u987e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u56f4\u7ed5\u6539\u8fdb\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u964d\u6c34\u548c\u6781\u7aef\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5e94\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6781\u9650\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc<\/span>\uff08\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                                 <\/span><\/section>\n
                                \u968f\u7740\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u534f\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u878d\u5408\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5bf9\u6539\u5584\u9884\u6d4b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u653e\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5171\u4eab\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u793e\u533a\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u89c2\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u89c2\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\uff0c\u5373\u53cd\u6f14\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u534f\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b-\u6a21\u578b\u63a5\u53e3\u6709\u5173<\/span>\uff08\u6b63\u5411\u8fd0\u7b97\u5668\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u5668\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u6f14\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u901a\u7528\u89c2\u6d4b\u7b97\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6574\u5408\u5230\u89c2\u6d4b\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u5e94\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5305\u62ec\u6c14\u5019\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf\u5728\u5185\u7684\u66f4\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6a21\u578b-\u6570\u636e\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
                                 <\/span><\/section>\n
                                \u8fd9\u79cd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u878d\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u5c06\u63d0\u9ad8\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6539\u8fdb\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6539\u8fdb\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba2\u89c2\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89c2\u6d4b\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e-\u6a21\u578b\u878d\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u5c06\u63d0\u9ad8\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5173\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5728\u51e0\u5c0f\u65f6\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u76f8\u5173\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\u800c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5f88\u4f4e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

                                <\/section>\n
                                <\/span><\/section>\n
                                 <\/span><\/section>\n
                                \n
                                \n
                                \n

                                \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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                                <\/span><\/p>\n

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                                  \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u5c06\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u81ea2021\u5e7412\u670814\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u665a\u4e0a19:00-21:00\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba1 7-8 \u5468\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5171\u8bfb\u524d\u6cbf\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u79d1\u7814\u7075\u611f\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u4ece\u4e8b\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


                                  <\/p>\n

                                  <\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


                                  <\/p>\n

                                  \u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

                                  \u5730\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4ea4\u53c9\u524d\u6cbf<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


                                  <\/p>\n


                                  <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

                                  \n

                                  \u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n