{"id":35508,"date":"2022-06-29T19:22:34","date_gmt":"2022-06-29T11:22:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=35508"},"modified":"2022-06-29T19:22:34","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T11:22:34","slug":"%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e9%83%a8%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bd%b1%e5%93%8d%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=35508","title":{"rendered":"\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u606f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Information thermodynamics of encoding and encoders<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u534f\u540c\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4ee5\u7f16\u7801\u6587\u5b57\u4fe1\u606f [1,2]\uff0c\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u6539\u53d8\u7740\u4f60\u5927\u8111\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6d3b\u52a8\u6d88\u8017\u4e86\u80fd\u91cf\uff09<\/span>[3]\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb[4-6]\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf [6-8]\u548c\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf [9-11]\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u673a\u80fd\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4fe1\u606f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08Information thermodynamics\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6790\u5404\u7c7b\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5206\u652f\u3002\u4e0d\u4e25\u8c28\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u589e\u76ca\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u64e6\u9664\u6240\u9700\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u5982Szilard [12]\u548cLandauer [13,14]\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6bcf1\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5f8b\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5b58\u5728<\/span>\uff08Information is physical\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u53e4\u8001\u800c\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u5bf9\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5996<\/span>\uff08the Maxwell demon\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u601d\u8003 [15]\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5219\u6210\u719f\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u5f15\u64ce<\/span>\uff08Information engines\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u71c3\u6599\u201d\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u673a\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7814\u7a76[16-20]\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5176\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6307\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u5173\u6ce8 [21]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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