{"id":36316,"date":"2022-08-07T17:04:24","date_gmt":"2022-08-07T09:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=36316"},"modified":"2022-08-07T17:04:24","modified_gmt":"2022-08-07T09:04:24","slug":"%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e7%9a%84%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%ef%bc%9a%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e4%bb%8e%e6%b3%a8%e6%84%8f%e5%9b%be%e5%bc%8f%e4%ba%a7%e7%94%9f%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=36316","title":{"rendered":"\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4ece\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u91ca\u610f\u8bc6\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388 Michael S. A. Graziano \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\uff08Attention Schema Theory, AST\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u4eca\u5e74 5 \u6708 17 \u65e5\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u520a\uff08PNAS<\/em>\uff09\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u9898\u4e3a \u201cA conceptual framework for consciousness\u201d \u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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A conceptual framework for consciousness<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08the hard problem of consciousness\uff09<\/span>[1] \u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5236\u2014\u2014\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u3001\u7a81\u89e6\u548c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u9644\u7740\u5728\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0a\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u975e\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u4e3b\u89c2\u5730\u81ea\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u53ef\u5f52\u4e8e\u201c\u795e\u79d8<\/span>\uff08\u4e3b\u4e49\u552f\u5fc3\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08mystical problem\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u5c11\u63a8\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u7c7b[2]\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08conscious experience\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5e94\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u4f34\u968f\u73b0\u8c61\u8fd8\u5c1a\u672a\u9610\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4ece\u539f\u5219 1 \u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u8111\u5fc5\u987b\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u2014\u2014\u5373\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6839\u636e\u539f\u5219 2\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5bfb\u627e\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u539f\u5219 1 \u548c 2 \u4e00\u8d77\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u603b\u4f53\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8111\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5ba2\u89c2\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8fc7\u7a0b A\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u8111\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u8868\u5f81\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b A\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4fe1\u606f\u9897\u7c92\u5ea6\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u601d\u8003\u5e76\u58f0\u79f0\u6709\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\uff08incoherent\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5373\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u3002\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bfb\u627e\u5bfc\u81f4\u610f\u8bc6\u611f\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u70bc\u91d1\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6982\u62ec\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u8fc7\u7a0b A \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5373\u54ea\u4e9b\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8111\u5185\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u8ba4\u4e3a\u548c\u58f0\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1f\u8111\u5185\u54ea\u4e9b\u89e3\u5256\u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b A\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u521b\u5efa A \u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6a21\u578b\uff1f\u52a8\u7269\u6709 A \u548c\u6709 A \u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u6216\u751f\u5b58\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u79cd\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span>                  <\/span>                                     <\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
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<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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2. \u4f53\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/section>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u4ee5\u7279\u522b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f53\u73b0\u539f\u5219 1 \u548c 2 \u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/span>\uff08body schema\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5 [5]\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\u6307\u8111\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6216\u6a21\u62df\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u5f81\u8eab\u5f62\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u505a\u51fa\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u4e8e\u76ae\u5c42\u533a\u57df\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u9876\u53f6\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ae\u5c42\u548c\u524d\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ae\u5c42\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe 1A \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u540e\u679c\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684[6-8]\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ed6\u4eba\u5e76\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u8eab\u5f62[9, 10]\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5e7b\u80a2[11]\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe 1. \u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\u662f\u8868\u5f81\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u662f\u8868\u5f81\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6709\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5927\u8111\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f [12-15]\u3002\u5b83\u539f\u672c\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u7075\u5de7\u7684\u5185\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5bf9\u7269\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236[6-8]\u3002\u7c7b\u6bd4\u8eab\u4f53\u56fe\u5f0f\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u4e5f\u80fd\u5411\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5171\u540c\u76f4\u89c9\u3001\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u7269\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u628a\u63e1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/span>\uff08\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u7279\u6307\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5373\u589e\u5f3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u76ae\u5c42\u4fe1\u53f7\u800c\u6291\u5236\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b[16-18]\u3002\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5bf9\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u90a3\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5176\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6807\u8bc6\u6b63\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u63cf\u7ed8\u6ce8\u610f\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u6289\u62e9\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u90fd\u5728\u53d8\u5316\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u4ece\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bed\u8a00\u8f93\u51fa\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4f53\u73b0\u539f\u5219 1 \u548c 2 \u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u539f\u5219 1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6765\u81ea\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6e90\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u539f\u5219 2\uff0c\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u8868\u5f81\u4e3a\u5e7d\u7075\u822c\u7684\u3001\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u672c\u8d28\u6216\u751f\u52a8\u611f\u53d7\uff1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5916\u58f3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u662f\u8868\u89c2\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7b80\u7ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3. \u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

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\uff081\uff09\u9996\u5148\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u53ef\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u88ab\u6ce8\u610f\u5230 [19]\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u652f\u6301[20-22]\u3002\u4eba\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff1b\u6ca1\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u6ca1\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6ce8\u610f\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u57df\u503c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5fae\u5f31\u523a\u6fc0\u5438\u5f15\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230[23-31]\u3002\u53ef\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u8111\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u62a5\u544a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1B\u53f3\u652f\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6839\u636e\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5185\u6e90\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u4f1a\u53d7\u635f<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1B\u5de6\u4fa7\u5206\u652f\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5305\u542b\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f[32, 33]\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4eba\u8111\u5584\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e4b\u4e00\u6d89\u53ca\u56fe 1B \u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u5206\u652f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f\u6240\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u8be5\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u63a7\u5236\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ef4\u6301\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1\u76f8\u5173\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u6ce8\u610f[31]\uff0c\u6216\u6291\u5236\u5bf9\u5e72\u6270\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u6ce8\u610f[29, 31]\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb\u6ce8\u610f[34, 35]\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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 <\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\uff082\uff09\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6a21\u62df<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u4eba\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u56fe 1B \u4e2d\u95f4\u5206\u652f\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u89c6\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u6ce8\u610f[36-40]\uff1b\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u9762\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u548c\u6ce8\u89c6\u7b49\u7ebf\u7d22[41]\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6a21\u578b[42-44]\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5bfc\u5411\u7684[42, 44]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u4eba\u5efa\u6a21\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u6700\u5947\u5f02\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u9519\u89c9\u89c6\u7ebf<\/span>\uff08illusory eye beams\uff09<\/span>\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u770b\u7740\u4e00\u5f20\u76ef\u7740\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u8138\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9608\u4e0b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u9519\u89c9\u5730\u6307\u793a\u4ece\u8138\u5230\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8[45-48]\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9762\u90e8\u6b63\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u7269\u4f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u5e94\u624d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9608\u4e0b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u8db3\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u540e\u6548[46]\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u7684 MT \u76ae\u5c42\u533a\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u6fc0\u6d3b[48]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6548\u5e94\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u9690\u7684\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u89c9\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u9519\u89c9\u89c6\u7ebf\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8c01\u5728\u5173\u6ce8\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd0\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u4e86\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u77e5\u800c\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u9519\u89c9\u89c6\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u529f\u80fd\u5373\u589e\u5f3a\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u9519\u89c9\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u9519\u89c9\u89c6\u7ebf\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u539f\u5219 2 \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u8111\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5927\u8111\u81ea\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u89c6\u7ebf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u63d0\u793a\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5316\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u539f\u539f\u672c\u672c\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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 <\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\uff083\uff09\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u8111\u533a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u4eba\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u8111\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u76f8\u5173\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8111\u6210\u50cf\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u91cd\u5efa\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u589e\u5f3a\u6700\u591a\u7684\u662f\u989e\u9876\u63a5\u5408<\/span>\uff08temporoparietal Junction, TPJ\uff09<\/span>[44, 49]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u589e\u5f3a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u53cc\u4fa7\u5927\u8111\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u4f46\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8303\u5f0f\u800c\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u504f\u5411\u5de6\u4fa7\u6216\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u989e\u4e0a\u6c9f<\/span>\uff08superior temporal sulcus\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u6954\u524d\u53f6<\/span>\uff08the precuneus\uff09<\/span>\u53ca\u5185\u4fa7\u548c\u80cc\u5916\u4fa7\u7684\u524d\u989d\u53f6\u76ae\u5c42<\/span>\uff08the medial and dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u4e0e\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08theory of mind\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8111\u7f51\u7edc[50-54]\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u81f3\u5c11\u5728 TPJ \u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b50\u533a\u57df\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u76f8\u5173[55-57]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cTPJ \u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u5173[49, 58, 59]\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\u4e00\u81f4[59]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
TPJ \u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5176\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u610f\u8bc6\u7f3a\u9677\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u534a\u4fa7\u7a7a\u95f4\u5ffd\u89c6\u75c7<\/span>\uff08hemispatial neglect\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5bf9\u4fa7\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4f1a\u4e25\u91cd\u53d7\u635f\u3002\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u4e00\u4fa7\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5524\u8d77\u611f\u89c9\u8111\u533a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5916\u6e90\u6027\u6ce8\u610f\u88ab\u5f15\u5411\u8fd9\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0[60-62]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5185\u5728\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u53d7\u635f\u6216\u7f3a\u5931\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
 <\/span><\/section>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ee5 TPJ \u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u76ae\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e0e\u6784\u5efa\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5efa\u6a21\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u8ddf\u6784\u5efa\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u5b83\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7834\u574f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6d89\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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4. \u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u5316<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u4e3a\u6293\u624b\uff0c\u6765\u63a2\u8ba8\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7956\u5148\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5f62\u6210\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u76f8\u4e92\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u8111\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u672a\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5316\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u64cd\u7eb5\u4ed6\u4eba\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u5728\u667a\u4eba\u8bde\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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5. \u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\uff081\uff09\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u6211\u4eec\u4f55\u4ee5\u7075\u5de7\u5730\u5f15\u5bfc\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u821e\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6d41\u7545\u5730\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u821e\u8e48\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6839\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u624d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u601d\u8003\u548c\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u968f\u65f6\u523b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9009\u5b9a\u7269\u4f53\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u5206\u652f\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u548c\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u80fd\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u601d\u8003\u548c\u58f0\u79f0\u62e5\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\uff082\uff09\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5fc3\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u60c5\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u56de\u987e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u601d\u8003\u5e76\u58f0\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u9644\u5c5e\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u5373\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u521b\u9020\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6307\u7684\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ece\u4e8b\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u76f8\u4fe1\u3001\u8ba4\u4e3a\u548c\u58f0\u79f0\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u9644\u5c5e\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8111\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8868\u5f81\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u7b80\u7565\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u7ed8\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1b\u89e3\u91ca\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u76ca\u5904\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8111\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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1. Chalmers, D.J., Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of consciousness studies, 1995. 2(3): p. 200-219.<\/span><\/section>\n
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