{"id":38898,"date":"2022-12-04T22:27:59","date_gmt":"2022-12-04T14:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=38898"},"modified":"2022-12-04T22:27:59","modified_gmt":"2022-12-04T14:27:59","slug":"%e4%b8%8d%e7%a1%ae%e5%ae%9a%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%ef%bc%9a%e5%bd%93%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e9%81%87%e5%88%b0%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=38898","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\uff1a\u5f53\u56e0\u679c\u9047\u5230\u91cf\u5b50"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2022\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u6388\u4e88\u201c\u7528\u7ea0\u7f20\u5149\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u8fdd\u53cd\u8d1d\u5c14\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u201d\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9b3c\u9b45\u822c\u7684\u8d85\u8ddd\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5e38\u5e38\u8d85\u51fa\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u4e16\u754c\u5916\u63a8\u5230\u91cf\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0e\u7ecf\u5178\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u4e8b\u4ef6A\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u4e16\u754c\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cA\u2192B\u548cB\u2192A\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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2022\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u5956\u8ba9\u201c\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u201d\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u4f17\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u66f4\u52a0\u7384\u5999\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u804a\u4e00\u804a\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Indefinite causality\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6240\u8c13\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f3c\u6709\u4f3c\u65e0\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e8b\u4ef6A\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u786e\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u795e\u5947\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0cA\u2192B\u548cB\u2192A\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u54ea\u4e2a\u4e3a\u56e0\u54ea\u4e2a\u4e3a\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u53ef\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u7a81\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5728A\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\u2014\u2014Quantum Switch\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e0a\u56fe\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684Quantum Switch\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684A\u548cB\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5e7a\u6b63\u53d8\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u975e\u5e7a\u6b63\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u91cf\u5b50\u4f4d|C\u3009\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u753b\u51fa\u3002\u5982\u679c|C\u3009<\/span>=|0\u3009<\/span>\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5c31\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6a59\u8272\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5230\u8fbe\u8f93\u51fa\uff1b\u5982\u679c|C\u3009<\/span>=|1\u3009<\/span>\uff0c\u5c31\u8d70\u84dd\u8272\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u800c\u5f53|C\u3009=<\/sub><\/span><\/span>(|0\u3009+|1\u3009)\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u4e86A\u4e0eB\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6Quantum Switch\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u756a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u4e4b\u732b\u7684\u518d\u7248\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u6001\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7adf\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u94fe\u8def\u4e5f\u53e0\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u518d\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7aef\u8be6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cQuantum Switch\u5176\u5b9e\u6bd4\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u732b\u8fd8\u8981\u66f4\u795e\u5947\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\u732b\u662f\u88ab\u5c01\u95ed\u5728\u7bb1\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u800cQuantum Switch\u4e2dA\u548cB\u4e24\u5904\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6574\u4e2aQuantum Switch\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1\u3002\u4e0e\u90a3\u53ea\u5c0f\u732b\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u534a\u6b7b\u534a\u6d3b\u53e0\u52a0\u6001\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cQuantum Switch\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u660e\u6643\u6643\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u73b0\u8c61<\/strong>\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u6311\u6218\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u81ea2013\u5e74QuantumSwitch\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u56e2\u961f\u5206\u522b\u57282015\u5e74\u548c2016\u5e74\u5b9e\u9645\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7b03\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9887\u4e3a\u7384\u5e7b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u94fe\u8def\u53e0\u52a0\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u786e\u662f\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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2013\u5e74\u63d0\u51faQuantum Switch\u7684\u8bba\u6587<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aQuantum computations without definite causal structure<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/journals.aps.org\/pra\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevA.88.022318<\/span><\/section>\n

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2016\u5e74\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff082017\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u8868\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aExperimental verification of an indefinite causal order<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.1602589<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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2016\u5e74\u7684\u90a3\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8fd8\u4e3a\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u901a\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a<\/span>\u56e0\u679c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97QuantumSwitch\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7ea0\u7f20\u5ea6\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5bf9\u91cf\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u03c1\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7ea0\u7f20\u5224\u5b9a<\/span>\uff08entanglement witness\uff09<\/span>\u7b97\u7b26S\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u90fd\u6ee1\u8db3<\/span><\/section>\n

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[1] Rubino et al., Sci. Adv. 2017;3:e1602589\u201cExperimental verification of an indefinite causal order\u201d. DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.1602589<\/span><\/p>\n


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