{"id":38952,"date":"2022-12-08T22:53:02","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T14:53:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=38952"},"modified":"2022-12-08T22:53:02","modified_gmt":"2022-12-08T14:53:02","slug":"%e8%8b%97%e4%b8%9c%e5%8d%87%ef%bc%9a%e9%92%b1%e5%ad%a6%e6%a3%ae%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e6%80%a7%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%bf%b0%e8%af%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=38952","title":{"rendered":"\u82d7\u4e1c\u5347\uff1a\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u8ff0\u8bc4"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;\" data-mpa-powered-by=\"yiban.io\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);visibility: visible;\">\n<section 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style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u6070\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u8fdb\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u79d1\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u56fd\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u30021939\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u706b\u7bad\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u529b\u5b66<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\uff09<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5bb6\u7684\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9ad8\u624b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u540d\u5782\u529b\u5b66\u53f2\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff1b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u706b\u7bad\u6280\u672f<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 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0px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;caret-color: rgb(89, 89, 89);visibility: visible;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;visibility: visible;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;visibility: visible;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;visibility: visible;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;background-color: rgb(33, 166, 210);line-height: 0;visibility: visible;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;visibility: visible;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, &quot;system-ui&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u4ece\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u56de\u5230\u7956\u56fd\u768420\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u8270\u96be\u63a2\u7d22\u800c\u5168\u9762\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5c01\u9501\u4f7f\u4ed6\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u4f46\u957f\u671f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u5bfc\u5f39\u3001\u706b\u7bad\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u603b\u6307\u6325\uff0c\u53c8\u7ed9\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u7814\u5236\u5bfc\u5f39\u706b\u7bad\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u5c16\u7aef\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6781\u7aef\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u7167\u642c\u7f8e\u3001\u82cf\u90a3\u4e00\u5957\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u641e\u51fa\u6210\u679c\u6765\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u77db\u76fe\u65cb\u6da1\u4e2d\u7684\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5207\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u8f6c\u5411\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6781\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 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style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">20\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u4ece\u9886\u5bfc\u5c97\u4f4d\u9000\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u7406\u8bba\u63a2\u7d22\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u3002<strong>\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u51e0\u4e4e\u89e6\u53ca\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5bf9\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u8fdb\u884c\u68b3\u7406\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/strong>\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9886\u5bfc\u4e2d\u56fd\u822a\u5929\u4e8b\u4e1a20\u5e74\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5b66\u79d1\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u5f52\u5c5e\u3001\u6307\u5bfc\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u63d0\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u7b49\uff0c\u6f84\u6e05\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5177\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8003\u5bdf\u56fd\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6001\u52bf<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 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style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">2.\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u7b80\u5355\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u867d\u7136\u89c4\u6a21\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ec4\u5206\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u82b1\u8272\u54c1\u79cd\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u5355\u7eaf\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3002\u201c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u79cd\u7c7b\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u82b1\u6837\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 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style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 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style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">\u5728\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u5230\u5f00\u653e\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u768420\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u70bc\u8005\u662f\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u652f\u961f\u4f0d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u5927\u8005\u6307\u6574\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u5c0f\u8005\u6307\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u5199\u4f5c\u73ed\u5b50\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u73ed\u5b50\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8e1986\u81f31990\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u6709\u6731\u7167\u5ba3\u3001\u4e8e\u666f\u5143\u3001\u90d1\u5e94\u5e73\u3001\u5468\u653f\u3001\u59dc\u7490\u3001\u8463\u9547\u559c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f00\u653e\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u73ed\u5b50\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e8e1990\u81f31997\uff0c\u6210\u5458\u6709\u738b\u5bff\u4e91\u3001\u4e8e\u666f\u5143\u3001\u6234\u6c5d\u4e3a\u3001\u6c6a\u6210\u4e3a\u3001\u94b1\u5b66\u654f\u3001\u6d82\u5143\u5b63\uff0c\u53f7\u79f0\u201c\u516d\u5927\u5c06\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u4ee5\u540e\u624d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u9610\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u51e0\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u524d\u540e11\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e8e\u666f\u5143\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5199\u4f5c\u73ed\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5b55\u80b2\u548c\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6700\u591a\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5e94\u5f53\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u9a6c\u5bbe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u590d\u6742\u5de8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u662f\u6700\u5148\u7531\u9a6c\u5bbe\u540c\u5fd7\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u201d\u30021997\u5e74\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5728\u7ed9\u6234\u6c5d\u4e3a\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u9a6c\u5bbe\u8001\u548c\u4e8e\u666f\u5143\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u2018\u4ece\u5b9a\u6027\u5230\u5b9a\u91cf\u7efc\u5408\u96c6\u6210\u6cd5\u2019\u3002\u201d1998\u5e74\u81f4\u4fe1\u6234\u6c5d\u4e3a\u65f6\u53c8\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<strong>\u201c\u4ece\u5b9a\u6027\u5230\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u96c6\u6210\u6cd5\u6e90\u4e8e\u9a6c\u5bbe\u540c\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u4e0d\u53ef\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff01\u201d<\/strong>\u53cd\u590d\u63d0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5341\u5206\u770b\u91cd\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u672f\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u8d28\uff1a\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">\uff08\u611f\u8c22\u94b1\u5b66\u654f\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u521d\u7a3f\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u6307\u6b63\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\"><br  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 6px;padding-left: 6px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;border-left: 5px solid rgb(33, 166, 210);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.4;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: normal;\"><br  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">[1<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">W<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">eaver<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\"> W<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">\uff0cScience and Complexity[J].Scientist\uff0c1948\uff0c4\uff0836\uff09\uff1a<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 13px;\">536-544.<\/span><br  \/><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[2] \u5a01\u5ec9H\u00b7\u76ae\u514b\u6797\uff0c\u55b7\u6c14\u63a8\u8fdb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b[A].\u5c0f\u62c9\u5c14\u592b\u00b7\u5f17\u00b7\u8fc8\u5c14\u65af\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u601d\u60f3[C].\u6768\u5fd7\u4fe1\u3001\u845b\u660e\u6d69\u8bd1.\u6210\u90fd\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986.223.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[3] \u8bb8\u56fd\u5fd7\u7b49\u7b54\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee\u2014\u2014\u9762\u541121\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b[N].\u6587\u6c47\u62a5\uff0c2001-03-21\uff0811\uff09.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[4] \u5bcc\u5170\u514bE\u00b7\u9a6c\u52c3\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662[A].\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u8d21\u732e\u66a8\u5b66\u672f\u601d\u60f3\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\u8bba\u6587\u96c6[C].\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001.20-26.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[5] \u82d7\u4e1c\u5347\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66[A].\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f[C].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001.134\u3001141.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[6] \u82d7\u4e1c\u5347\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u7a0b\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c2002\uff0c\uff083\uff09\uff1a16-20.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[7] \u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66[M].\u592a\u539f\uff1a\u5c71\u897f\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001.61\u3001395\u3001456\u3001192\u3001193\u3001223\u3001542\u3001302\u3001198\u3001394\u300130\u3001387\u3001196\u3001541\u3001545.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[8] \u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u4eba\u4f53\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7eb5\u6a2a\u89c2[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996.229\u3001468.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[9] \u5e2d\u5f64\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba[N].\u5149\u660e\u65e5\u62a5\uff0c1988-03-24\uff083\uff09.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[10] \u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u970d\u6839\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3M].\u5b59\u96cd\u541b\u7b49\u8bd1.\u547c\u548c\u6d69\u7279:\u8fdc\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997.329.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[11] \u5434\u5f64\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u8fa8\u6790[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2004\uff085\uff09\uff1a2-9.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[12] \u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9009\u96c6\uff08\u56db\u5377\u5408\u8ba2\u672c\uff09[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1964,125.<\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 8px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);\">[13] \u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u7b49\uff0c\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\uff08\u589e\u8ba2\u672c\uff09[M].\u957f\u6c99\uff1a\u6e56\u5357\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988.<\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\"><br  \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;justify-content: center;\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-bottom: 9px solid rgb(169, 215, 227);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: -15px;outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(12, 130, 169);font-size: 16px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 3px;\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<p style=\"outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 2em;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;\">\u96c6\u667a\u6591\u56fe\u9876\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u901f\u9012\u680f\u76ee\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u5f55\u6765\u81ea<span style=\"outline: 0px;font-style: italic;\">Nature\u3001Science<\/span>\u7b49\u9876\u520a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a8\u51fa\u8ba2\u9605\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u53f7\u300c\u6211\u7684\u96c6\u667a\u300d\u63a8\u9001\u8bba\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u626b\u63cf\u4e0b\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u4e00\u952e\u8ba2\u9605\uff1a<\/span><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0em;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"174\" data-backw=\"562\" data-fileid=\"100098022\" data-ratio=\"0.3088962108731466\" data-s=\"300,640\"  data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1214\" style=\"outline: 0px;display: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;width: 661px !important;visibility: visible !important;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wxsync-2022-12-6d537ca5d0c35d3062bffcc6a7a23dcd.png\"  \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\">\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;text-align: center;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(33, 166, 210);font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;\">\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-1\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;width: 577.422px;\">\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247585871&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=663fc50b270d2b2ce8edf656d2ece83c&amp;chksm=e896cac2dfe143d451ea03b224ae3d82fb13fda076d2126fbfef25cdc5191686156a7253e836&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u72c4\u589e\u5982\uff1a\u53d1\u5c55\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u6b63\u5f53\u5176\u65f6\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u72c4\u589e\u5982\uff1a\u53d1\u5c55\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u6b63\u5f53\u5176\u65f6<\/a><br  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247492138&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=bd6df1a5512e0ec487ab8b720cd69fc8&amp;chksm=e897b8a7dfe031b13f0a05aaad94f4216564ece108061aee8e377f0c602914233980507b38a9&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1f\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1f<\/span><\/a><span style=\"outline: 0px;text-decoration: underline;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247585523&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=2e1c31abe5fef3bbe92d1f375a3d379a&amp;chksm=e896d47edfe15d68c2fae7f796602ee97dbae0d1a388e1411c3ec15464ad815d950e4caafa0f&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u4ece2021\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u770b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4ece2021\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u770b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49<\/a><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247576923&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=57f0d320812c01ff6f5ea97c09fc9623&amp;chksm=e896f7d6dfe17ec038e8d238dae313119fca8c62aabd4730896bc99398db981dd5d9d3e0b927&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u300a\u5f20\u6c5f\u00b7\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf27\u8bb2\u300b\u5b8c\u6574\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff01\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"outline: 0px;text-decoration: underline;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300a\u5f20\u6c5f\u00b7\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf27\u8bb2\u300b\u5b8c\u6574\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff01<\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247617062&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=e963acb6885ea3b26d32e91c12eae076&amp;chksm=e89650abdfe1d9bddf82c71e612a15bc4393d0a61cde39d325b01b3099247145c98b492c37b8&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u6210\u4e3a\u96c6\u667aVIP\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u200d\u5168\u7ad9\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0f\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"outline: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-decoration: underline;\">\u6210\u4e3a\u96c6\u667aVIP\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u5168\u7ad9\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0f\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"outline: 0px;\">\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247615893&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=96bad22819460c3b17f165fef8817c89&amp;chksm=e8965f18dfe1d60e531b3a749cfdfade06962791e3f1b100872d24e032b6b3130a6ead599060&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u200d\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"2\" hasload=\"1\" style=\"outline: 0px;text-decoration: underline;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);cursor: pointer;\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\">\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\"><\/strong><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\"><\/strong><strong style=\"outline: 0px;\"><\/strong><\/a><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<section style=\"outline: 0px;\"><br style=\"outline: 0px;\"  \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;outline: currentcolor none 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"outline: 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