{"id":40524,"date":"2023-02-09T21:12:22","date_gmt":"2023-02-09T13:12:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=40524"},"modified":"2023-02-09T21:12:22","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T13:12:22","slug":"%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e7%bb%86%e8%83%9e%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%87%e5%8e%bb%e3%80%81%e7%8e%b0%e5%9c%a8%e3%80%81%e6%9c%aa%e6%9d%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=40524","title":{"rendered":"\u524d\u6cbf\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u3001\u672a\u6765"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u5417\uff1fCan a cell be artificially synthesized ?\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f2021\u5e74\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u671f\u520a\u65b0\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u7684125\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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Wentao Jiang, Ziyu Wu, Zheng Gao, Mimi Wan, Min Zhou\u7b49<\/span> <\/span>| <\/strong><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f59\u51e1\u5c18<\/span> <\/span>| <\/strong><\/span>\u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Artificial Cells: Past, Present and Future<\/span><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.2c06104?ref=PDF<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u590d\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u751f\u547d\u5355\u5143\u3002[1]\u81ea\u4ece1839\u5e74\u65bd\u83b1\u767b<\/span>\uff08Schleiden\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u65bd\u65fa<\/span>\uff08Schwann\uff09<\/span>\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u7ec6\u80de\u5b66\u8bf4\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u8bf8\u591a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u751f\u7269\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u8f7d\u836f\u6280\u672f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u7b49\u3002[2]\u7ec6\u80de\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5728\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4f53\u5916\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5931\u6d3b\u6216\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c[3]\u6240\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u590d\u6742\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4eff\u751f\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[4,5]\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u4eff\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u4ee3\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1957\u5e74\uff0cChang\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08artificial cell\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u529f\u5730\u7528\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u6210\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u8102\u8d28\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[6]\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u95ed\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u9176\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u5bb9\u5668\u5448\u73b0\u4eff\u751f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u8d28<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1\uff09<\/span>\u3002[7]\u81ea\u4eceChang\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5408\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u201d<\/span>\uff08synthetic cell\uff09<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5e38\u88ab\u6df7\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002Tian\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u533a\u5ba4\u5316\u7684\u5fae\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u751f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4eff\u751f\u6a21\u578b\u3002[8]Jeong\u7b49\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u201d\u76f8\u6bd4\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u8102\u8d28\u4f53<\/span>\uff08\u539f\u59cb\u7ec6\u80de\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8102\u8d28\u4f53<\/span>\uff08\u5408\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u4e14\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8be5\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4eff\u751f\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7c7b\u7ec6\u80de\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4e0e\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u78f7\u8102\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u86cb\u767d\u548c\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u7ec4\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\uff082\uff09\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u751f\u6210\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\uff083\uff09\u5e76\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u4ee3\u8c22\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002[9]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe1. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u73b0\u6709\u7279\u6027\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u662f\u5728 Figdraw [ www.figdraw.com]\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u6307\u7531\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u5929\u7136\u6750\u6599\u6216\u5408\u6210\u6750\u6599\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5236\u5907\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u8baf\u548c\u751f\u7269\u50ac\u5316\u964d\u89e3\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u5de5\u7a0b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6539\u9020\u73b0\u6709\u7ec6\u80de\u6216\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u80de\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u589e\u5f3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6309\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7279\u6027\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u7ecf\u5178<\/span>\uff08typical\uff09<\/span>\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u975e\u7ecf\u5178<\/span>\uff08nontypical\uff09<\/span>\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5982\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u751f\u957f\u3001\u7e41\u6b96\u751a\u81f3\u8fdb\u5316\u3002[4,5,10]\u975e\u7ecf\u5178\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6216\u591a\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8868\u9762\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5f62\u6001\uff1b\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u9650\u5236\u3002[3]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe2. \u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u548c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [3]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2016 Elsevier\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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1957\u5e74\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u6210\u529f\u5730\u7528\u6784\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u8102\u8d28<\/strong>\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[16]\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u8102\u8d28\u56ca\u6ce1\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6210\u5206\u3002\u591a\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1 <\/span>\uff08MLVs\uff09<\/span>\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7279\u5b9a\u80bd\u94fe\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002[17]\u4e5f\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1\u5206\u4e3a\u5de8\u578b\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span>\uff08GUVs\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84>1 \u03bcm\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5927\u578b\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span>\uff08LUVs\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84100 nm-1 \u03bcm\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5c0f\u578b\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span>\uff08SUVs\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84<100 nm\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56ca\u6ce1\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u4eff\u751f\u4ece\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u6216\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cGUVs\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u4f5c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3A\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u8102\u8d28\u3001\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u5728\u53c9\u6307\u7535\u6781\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u76841,2-\u4e8c\u6cb9\u9170\u57fa-sn-\u7518\u6cb9-3-\u78f7\u9178\u80c6\uff08DOPC\uff09GUV\u7684\u8367\u5149\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u653e\u5927\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\uff0c100 \u03bcm\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [55]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2012 \u7687\u5bb6\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002\uff08B\uff09 \u7531\u5929\u7136HeLa\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8367\u5149\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u5176\u819c\u7531\u8367\u5149\u7d20\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u5355\u94feDNA\u6240\u5305\u56f4\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a 10 \u03bcm\u3002\u6839\u636e\u77e5\u8bc6\u5171\u4eab\u7f72\u540d\u8bb8\u53ef [CC BY 4.0] ref [31]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2019 \u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f1a\u3002\uff08C\uff09 \u7531\u805a\u5408\u7269 [\u5c3c\u9f99] \u6750\u6599\u819c\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u663e\u5fae\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u6709\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u88c2\u89e3\u7269\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [44]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 1964 \u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u78f7\u8102\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4f5c\u7ec4\u88c5GUVs\u7684\u4eff\u751f\u6750\u6599\u3002[18]\u78f7\u8102\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6a2a\u5411\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u4f4e\u751f\u7269\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002[19]\u7531\u78f7\u8102GUVs\u884d\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9176\u7684\u5305\u8f7d\u91cf\u3002Picon\u7b49\u4eba\u7528\u8102\u8d28\u56ca\u6ce1\u5305\u57cbcyprosin\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u4ee5\u5236\u5907\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u8102\u8d28\u56ca\u6ce1\u751f\u4ea7\u5976\u916a\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5976\u916a\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u5e76\u5927\u5927\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86\u6210\u719f\u65f6\u95f4\u3002[20]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8102\u8d28\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u9886\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8102\u8d28\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f4e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u82db\u523b\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4fee\u9970\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002[38,39]\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4eb2\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8102\u8d28\u66ff\u4ee3\u7269\u6765\u7ec4\u88c5\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[40]\u4e24\u4eb2\u5171\u805a\u7269\u548c\u78f7\u8102\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u758f\u6c34\u7aef\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4eb2\u6c34\u7aef\u3002[41]\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5de8\u578b\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[42]\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u63a7\u603b\u5206\u5b50\u91cf <\/span>\uff08MW\uff09<\/span>\u3001MWs\u7684\u5206\u6563\u6027\u3001\u5d4c\u6bb5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u6784\u9020\u3001\u6eb6\u5242\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u5d4c\u6bb5\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u7531\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u8c03\u63a7\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002[39]\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u5927\u4e8e\u8102\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u6bd4\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u539a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u548c\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u7c98\u5ea6\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u8f83\u539a\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u6709\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6e17\u6f0f\u548c\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u3001\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6a2a\u5411\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3001\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u3002[43]<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
1964\u5e74\uff0cChang\u7528\u5c3c\u9f99\u534a\u900f\u819c<\/strong>\u5305\u88f9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u8425\u517b\u7269\u3001\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u548c\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u6297\u4f53\u7b49\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u8d28\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[44]Chang\u968f\u540e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u534a\u900f\u819c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u88f9\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u3001\u9176\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u3001\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3001\u5438\u9644\u5242\u3001\u78c1\u6027\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u3002[45\u221254]\u819c\u53ef\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u73af\u5883\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u8fdb\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9176\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u3001\u6fc0\u7d20\u3001\u77ed\u80bd\u548c\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u819c\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u819c\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5305\u62ec\u5929\u7136\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u58f3\u805a\u7cd6\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7269\u3001\u8461\u7518\u9732\u805a\u7cd6\u548c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0-\u805a\u8d56\u6c28\u9178-\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0<\/span>\uff08sodium alginate\u2013polylysine\u2013sodium alginate\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u65e0\u673a\u70f7\u57fa\u5316\u524d\u4f53\u3002\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\uff0cLim\u548cSun\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0-\u805a\u8d56\u6c28\u9178-\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u4e9a\u80fa\u819c\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u5305\u88f9\u80f0\u5c9b\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u690d\u5165\u60a3\u6709\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9f20\u4f53\u5185\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9f20\u7ef4\u6301\u6b63\u5e38\u8840\u7cd63\u5468\uff0c\u4f46\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u4e9a\u80fa\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u708e\u75c7\u3002[56]1986 \u5e74\uff0cO’Shea\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0\u4ee3\u66ff\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u4e9a\u80fa\u5236\u5907\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0-\u805a\u8d56\u6c28\u9178-\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u94a0\u819c\u3002[57]\u8be5\u819c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u5728\u5171\u805a\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u3001\u9176\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u7ec6\u80de\u591a\u79cd\u5929\u7136\u529f\u80fd\u3002[58\u221260]\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u751a\u81f3\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53cc\u5c42\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c GUV\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u97e7\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f53\u79ef\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\u3002[61]<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u8102\u8d28\u6750\u6599\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6750\u6599\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u8102\u8d28\/\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u56ca\u6ce1<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u878d\u5408\u4e24\u79cd\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u6709\u5229\u7279\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u8102\u8d28\u7684\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4f4e\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u8fd9\u79cd\u56ca\u6ce1\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u7ed3\u6784\u3002[62]2012\u5e74\uff0cChemin\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u4f4e\u7194\u5316\u8f6c\u53d8\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u8102\u8d28\u548c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u7194\u5316\u8f6c\u53d8\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u805a<\/span>\uff08\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u7845\u6c27\u70f7\uff09<\/span>-\u63a5\u679d-\u805a<\/span>\uff08\u73af\u6c27\u4e59\u70f7\uff09<\/span>\uff08PBMS-g-PEO\uff09<\/span>\u5171\u805a\u7269\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210GUV\u7ed3\u6784\u3002[63]\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u8102\u8d28\/\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6765\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u7814\u7a76\u819c\u878d\u5408\u548c\u819c\u5206\u79bb\u7b49\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002[64]<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u86cb\u767d\u8d28-\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u5171\u8f6d\u819c<\/span><\/strong>\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d4b\u4e88\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u3001\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u751f\u7269\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u751f\u7269\u964d\u89e3\u6027\u3002[3]1964\u5e74\uff0cChang\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u63ba\u6709\u4ea4\u8054\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5c3c\u9f99\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\uff1b\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u9170\u6c2f\u4e1d\u7f51\u4e0e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5355\u72ec\u53cd\u5e94\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u30022013\u5e74\uff0cMann\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u86cb\u767d\u8d28-\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u88c5\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002[65]\u76f4\u5230\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u7528\u8102\u8d28\u548c\/\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u65b9\u9762\u5df2\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55<\/span>\uff08\u88681\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u88681. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891<\/span><\/section>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u5e74\u4efd<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1957<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\uff1b\u6210\u529f\u7531\u6784\u6210\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u8102\u8d28\u521b\u5236\u51fa\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[16]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1964<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u542b\u6709\u9176\u548c\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[44]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u4ea4\u8054\u86cb\u767d-\u5c3c\u9f99\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[44]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1965<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u591a\u8154\u5ba4\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[66]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1966<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u542b\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u5fae\u7403\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[67]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u542b\u6709\u78c1\u6027\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[68]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1966\u20131969<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8584\u534a\u900f\u819c\u548c\u8840\u6db2\u704c\u6ce8\u5438\u9644\u5242\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[51,67,69]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1971<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u690d\u5165\u7684\u542b\u9176\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee5\u6291\u5236\u6dcb\u5df4\u8089\u7624\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[53]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1972<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
A. M. Rosental et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u8f6c\u8fd0\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u86cb\u767d-\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[70,71]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1973<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
J. M. Gebicki et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[36]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1976<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
T. M. S. Chang<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u542b\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u548c\u6fc0\u7d20\u7684\u53ef\u751f\u7269\u964d\u89e3\u7684\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[68]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1977<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
K. Altendorf et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e86\u03b1-d-\u534a\u4e73\u7cd6\u82f7\u9176\u548c\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[30]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1980<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
F. Lim et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u5c01\u88c5\u80f0\u5c9b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u85fb\u9178\u76d0-\u805a\u8d56\u6c28\u9178-\u85fb\u9178\u76d0\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u690d\u5165\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u5927\u9f20\u4f53\u5185\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[56]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1984<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
C. C. Chen et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e86\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u4e73\u7cd6\u8f7d\u4f53\u548c\u8102\u8d28\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[26]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1986<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
G. M. O\u2032Shea et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u76d0-\u805a\u8d56\u6c28\u9178-\u6d77\u85fb\u9178\u76d0\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[57]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
1994<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
W. P. Yu et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u53ef\u751f\u7269\u964d\u89e3\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[72\u221274]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2001<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
N. Berclaz et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u4e0e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u548c\u94c1\u86cb\u767d\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u957f\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[37]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2010<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
D. G. Gibson et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[75]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2011<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
M. Li et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[76]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
S. Koga et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u65e0\u819c\u51dd\u805a\u5c42\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[77]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2016<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
C. G. Palivan et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u53cc\u5c42\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[61]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2018<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
K. Y. Lee et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5149\u5408\u6210ATP\u53caATP\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5f62\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[27]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
Z. Chen et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4eff\u751f\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u03b2\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u54cd\u5e94\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u91ca\u653e\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[78]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2019<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
J. Liu et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u7531\u542b\u9176MOF\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[79]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2020<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Q. Yang et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7fa4\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[80]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
S. Liu et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0e\u5929\u7136\u4eba\u7ec6\u80de\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u540c\u6e90\u5316\u5b66\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[81]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2021<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
J. F. Pelletier et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u751f\u957f\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[82]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
Z. Xu et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fd0\u8f93\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[83]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
2022<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
J. Liu et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u9ad8\u8840\u7cd6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u5408\u6210\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[84]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

<\/td>\n		\n
B. Lim et al.<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u91cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u9776\u5411\u706d\u6740\u764c\u75c7\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n
\n
[85]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u867d\u7136\u7531\u8102\u8d28\u548c\u6709\u673a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u673a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7269\u7406\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6216\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u819c\u901a\u900f\u6027\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u819c\u6750\u6599\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[86]<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u56fe 4. \u57fa\u4e8e\u80f6\u4f53\u3001MOF\u548c\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\uff08A\uff09 \u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6cb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\uff0c200 \u03bcm\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [86]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2014 \u7231\u601d\u552f\u5c14\u3002\uff08B\uff09 \u7531\u542b\u9176MOF\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16 [79]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2019 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08C\uff09 \u5728\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u80bd\u548cATP\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5236\u5907\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\uff1b\u6db2\u6ef4\u7531\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4e9a\u7532\u57fa\u84dd\u67d3\u8272\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [77]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2011 \u81ea\u7136\u51fa\u7248\u96c6\u56e2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span><\/strong>\uff08Colloidosomes\uff09<\/span>\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u80f6\u4f53\u9897\u7c92\u5728\u6c34\/\u6cb9\u4e24\u76f8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002[76,87\u221294]\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u819c\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u7d27\u5bc6\u5806\u79ef\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u9897\u7c92\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u5c31\u4f1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6c34\u76f8\u4e2d\u3002[95]\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7cbe\u786e\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e0\u673a\u819c\u6613\u4e8e\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u9970\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
2011\u5e74\uff0cMann\u7b49\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u673a\u539f\u59cb\u7ec6\u80de\u6a21\u578b\u3002[76]\u8be5\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u819c\u7531\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80f6\u4f53\u542b\u6709\u758f\u6c34\/\u4eb2\u6c34\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u9635\u5217\uff0c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a 20-30 nm\u3002\u5728\u754c\u9762\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u5b50<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3001\u6838\u9178\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u80fd\u5d4c\u5165\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u957f\u3001\u7e41\u6b96\u548c\u541e\u566c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002[96\u221298]\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4eff\u751f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u524d\u666f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
2019\u5e74\uff0cLiang\u7b49\u4eba\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\uff0c\u7531\u9176\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6<\/span>\uff08MOFs\uff09<\/span>\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u6a21\u62df\u591a\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8c03\u63a7\u5206\u5b50\u8f6c\u8fd0\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u548c\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4B\uff09<\/span>[79]\u4e0b\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002MOF\u662f\u7531\u6709\u673a\u914d\u4f53\u548c\u542b\u91d1\u5c5e\u7c07\u6216\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u5b54\u5f84\u3002[99\u2212101]\u4f7f\u7528MOF\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002Zhang\u7b49\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6c27\u5316\u9176<\/span>\uff08GOx\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u6c2f\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u9176<\/span>\uff08CPO\uff09<\/span>\u5d4c\u5165\u6cb8\u77f3\u54aa\u5511\u916f\u6846\u67b6\u6750\u6599<\/span>\uff08ZIF-8\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5177\u6709\u51fa\u8272\u708e\u75c7\u9776\u5411\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u9176\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ea7\u751f\u6b21\u6c2f\u9178\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4eff\u751f\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[102]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u65e0\u819c\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9897\u7c92\uff08microbial particles\uff09\u3001\u5361\u54c8\u5c14\u4f53\u548c\u6838\u4ec1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u6210\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u9ad8\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6db2-\u6db2\u5206\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002[103,104]\u8fd9\u79cd\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e26\u76f8\u53cd\u7535\u8377\u7684\u805a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28<\/span>\uff08\u591a\u80bd\u3001\u591a\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u3001\u591a\u7cd6\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u591a\u4ef7\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50<\/span>\uff08\u5982ATP\u548c\u4e9a\u7cbe\u80fa\uff09<\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9759\u7535\u5438\u5f15\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u3002[77,105,106]\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7535\u8377\u7684\u805a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9633\u79bb\u5b50-\u03c0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f62\u6210\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u3002[107]2011\u5e74\uff0cMann\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6df7\u5408\u5355\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u548c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u80bd\u5f62\u6210\u65e0\u819c\u539f\u59cb\u7ec6\u80de\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[77]\u8fd9\u79cd\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u52a8\u6001\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u6db2\u6ce1\u6210\u6838\u3001\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u751f\u957f\u548c\u878d\u5408\uff0c[108]\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u6216\u7b80\u5316\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u201c\u6700\u7b80\u7ec6\u80de\u201d\u3002<\/strong>[109]\u6700\u7b80\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u5177\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u6570\u91cf\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5bf9\u6700\u7b80\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e86\u89e3\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u30021995\u5e74\uff0c\u6587\u7279\u5c14<\/span>\uff08Venter\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u968f\u673a\u6d4b\u5e8f\u548c\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u6b96\u652f\u539f\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217<\/span>\uff08580070 bp\uff09<\/span> \u3002\u8be5\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u81ea\u7531\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ecDNA\u590d\u5236\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001DNA\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u7ec6\u80de\u8f6c\u8fd0\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u57fa\u56e0\u3002[110]\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u6572\u4f4e\u6216\u6572\u9664\u5fc5\u9700\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u6f5c\u85cf\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u80cc\u540e\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u7ef4\u6301\u7ec6\u80de\u5b58\u6d3b\u53ea\u9700\u8981256-350\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u3002[12,111\u2212117]2004 \u5e74\uff0cGil\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9009\u51fa\u4e86206\u4e2a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7f16\u7801\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7ec6\u83cc\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u73af\u5883\u538b\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u751f\u5b58\u7e41\u6b96\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u3002[115]\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\uff0cLuisi\u7b49\u4eba\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6b8b\u7559\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5c06\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u5927\u7ea6150\u4e2a\u3002[118]\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ec5\u8fd9150\u4e2a\u5b58\u6d3b\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7ec6\u80de\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u5176\u73af\u5883<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u751f\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8425\u517b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u6761\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u786e\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6572\u9664\u57fa\u56e0\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u54ea\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u6548\u4f46\u7e41\u7410\u3002[3]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe5. \u57fa\u4e8eJCVI\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [82]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2021 \u7231\u601d\u552f\u5c14\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6784\u5efa<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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1.1. \u8102\u8d28\/\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u4ece\u8102\u8d28\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6750\u6599\u6784\u5efaGUVs\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u4eb2\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3002[121]\u7ec4\u88c5\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u56db\u79cd\uff1a\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u3001\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u3001\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u548c\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u56fe6\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u540e\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u3002[122,123]\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u5177\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7531\u591a\u5c42\u8102\u8d28\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 MLVs \u548c\u5185\u90e8\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u591a\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span> (MVVs)<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0eGUVs \u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97\u3002[124,125]MVVs\u7531SUV\/LUV\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u5c01\u88c5\u5230 GUVs \u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u533a\u5ba4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n

\u56fe6. GUV\u6784\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\uff08gentle hydration method\uff09\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u6c34\u5316\u7684\u4e24\u4eb2\u6027\u8584\u819c\u65bd\u52a0\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u3002\u6cb9\u6ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u6c34\u88ab\u5355\u5c42\u5305\u8986\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6cb9-\u6c34\u754c\u9762\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6c34\u76f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u5c42\u819c\u5bc6\u95ed\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\uff08D\uff09\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5fae\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6c34\/\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u7684\u4e73\u6db2\uff0c\u8403\u53d6\u4e2d\u95f4\u6cb9\u76f8\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16 [39]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2022 \u7687\u5bb6\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1.1.1. \u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u819c\u81a8\u80c0\u539f\u7406\u83b7\u5f97GUVs\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5907\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u3002[126]\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u78f7\u8102\u6216\u4e24\u4eb2\u5171\u805a\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6c2f\u4eff\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u3002\u628a\u8be5\u6eb6\u5242\u7f6e\u4e8e\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u6c2e\u6c14\u4e2d\u84b8\u53d1\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6837\u54c1\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u73bb\u7483\u57fa\u5e95\uff09<\/span>\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u78f7\u8102\u6216\u5171\u805a\u7269\u819c\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f7f\u4e24\u4eb2\u6027\u819c\u6c34\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210GUVs\u3002\u82e5\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u8868\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u8584\u8584\u7684\u6c34\u51dd\u80f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002[127,128]\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5df2\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8102\u8d28\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6784\u5efa\u7684GUVs\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u662f\u4e0d\u5747\u4e00\u7684\uff1b\u5176\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\u96be\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1\u548cMLVs\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\u9176\u3001DNA\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5236\u5907\u6548\u7387\u548c\u88c5\u8f7d\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u5f88\u96be\u83b7\u5f97\u7531\u8102\u8d28\/\u5171\u805a\u7269\u6df7\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[39]<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.1.2. \u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u76f8\u540c\u3002[129,130]\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5408\u6cd5\u5c06\u4e24\u4eb2\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u6c89\u79ef\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762\uff1b\u5728\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u94df\u9521<\/span>\uff08ITO\uff09<\/span>\u6d82\u5c42\u73bb\u7483\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u6c34\u5408\u4e24\u4eb2\u8584\u819c\u65bd\u52a0\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u573a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8GUV\u819c\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u6548\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u7684GUV\u7684\u5178\u578b\u76f4\u5f84\u7ea6\u4e3a5-200\u6beb\u7c73\u3002[131]\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u56ca\u6ce1\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002\u4e0e\u6e29\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u53ef\u4f7fGUVs\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u66f4\u5747\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5236\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u5982MLVs\u548cMVVs\u3002\u7535\u5316\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1b\u5e26\u7535\u78f7\u8102\u5f88\u96be\u5f62\u6210GUVs\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u65bd\u52a0\u5728\u7535\u6781\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4f4e\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u8282\u5916\u52a0\u7535\u573a\u7684\u9891\u7387\u548c\u632f\u5e45\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002[132\u2212134]<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.1.3. \u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e73\u6db2\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efaGUVs\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5907GUV\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6563\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u662f\u5fae\u7c73\u7ea7\u7684\u6db2\u6ef4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4eb2\u5c42\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u9694\u5f00\u3002\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff0c\u5236\u5907\u5305\u8986\u6709\u8102\u8d28\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u7684\u6cb9\u6ef4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6cb9\u6ef4\u901a\u8fc7\u6cb9-\u6c34\u754c\u9762\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6c34\u76f8\uff0c\u4f7f\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u5305\u88f9\u6cb9\u6ef4\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5177\u6709\u5c01\u95ed\u53cc\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u79bb\u5fc3\u548c\u663e\u5fae\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6548\u7387\u3002[135]\u4e0e\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u548c\u7535\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684GUV\u819c\u7531\u4e24\u5c42\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u56ca\u6ce1\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u5f62\u72b6\u89c4\u6574\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5355\u5c42\u6c34\/\u6cb9\u6ef4\u4e2d\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u6574\u88c5\u8f7d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e26\u7535\u7ec4\u5206\u6216\u4f53\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7ec4\u5206<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\uff09<\/span>\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u96be\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u5927\u5c0f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210MVV\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u533a\u5ba4\u5316\u3002[136]<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.1.4. \u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u6cd5<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de8\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u8f6c\u79fb\u6cd5\u7684\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u6cd5\u3002\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5fae\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6c34\/\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u4e73\u6db2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8\u53d1\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u4e2d\u95f4\u6cb9\u76f8\u6eb6\u5242<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u7532\u82ef\u548c\u6c2f\u4eff\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8102\u8d28\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5728\u5fae\u6d41\u4f53\u901a\u9053\u4e2d\u88ab\u6d53\u7f29\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u4e2a\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[137]\u968f\u7740\u5fae\u52a0\u5de5\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u88c5\u7f6e\u88ab\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u5236\u5907\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[138]Huck\u7b49\u4eba\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u8f85\u52a9\u7684\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u901a\u8def\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6c34\/\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u4e73\u6db2\u4f53\u7cfb\u754c\u9762\u80fd\uff0c\u5236\u5f97\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u4eff\u751f\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002[139]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u55b7\u548c\u4e73\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5177\u6709\u8102\u8d28\u6216\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[140]Lee\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u4e73\u5316\u6db2\u6ef4\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e73\u5316\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u5757\u4eff\u751f\u4e86\u591a\u6bb5\u533a\u5ba4\u5316\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5236\u5f97\u4e86\u591a\u58c1\u542b\u6c34\u7684\u6d0b\u8471\u72b6\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002[141]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8102\u8d28LUVs\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e59\u919a\u6ce8\u5165\u6cd5\u3001\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6cd5\u548c\u62df\u76f8\u84b8\u53d1\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u4e59\u919a\u6ce8\u5165\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u6eb6\u89e3\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u919a\u6eb6\u6db2\u6ce8\u5165\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u51cf\u538b\u3001\u84b8\u53d1\u4e59\u919a\uff0c\u4ea7\u751fLUVs\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u919a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e59\u919a\u3001\u7532\u919a<\/span>\uff08\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u4f4e\u6cb8\u70b9\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u4e8c\u6c2f\u6c1f\u7532\u70f7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u8c03\u63a7LUVs\u4e2d\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u548c\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6eb6\u5242\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148MLVs\u6216SUVs\u4e0e\u80c6\u9178\u94a0\u6216\u8131\u6c27\u80c6\u9178\u94a0\u7b49\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u900f\u6790\u9664\u53bb\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\uff0c\u4fbf\u5f97\u5230LUVs\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u7684LUVs\u53d7\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u3001\u7ec4\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u900f\u6790\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u9006\u76f8\u84b8\u53d1\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u5728\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u919a\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u52a0\u6c34\uff0c\u7ecf\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u6cb9\u6c34\u4e73\u6db2\uff1b\u518d\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u4e59\u919a\u84b8\u53d1\u6389\uff0c\u5728\u5145\u5206\u632f\u8361\u4e73\u6db2\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u6c34\/\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u7684\u53cd\u76f8\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u538b\u548c\u53bb\u9664\u4e59\u919a\u53ef\u5236\u5f97LUVs\u3002[32]<\/span><\/section>\n

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SUVs\u5177\u6709\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u7a84\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5747\u4e00\u3001\u76f4\u5f84\u5c0f<\/span>\uff08\u51e0\u5341\u7eb3\u7c73\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u6784\u5efa\u8102\u8d28SUVs\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6324\u51fa\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9MLVs\u60ac\u6db2\u8fdb\u884c\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u6c2e\u6c14\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u51b7\u5374\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u900f\u660e\u7684SUVs\u3002\u6324\u51fa\u6cd5\u662f\u5236\u5907SUVs\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c[124,142,143]\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5907\u542b\u9176\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u8102\u8d28\u8584\u819c\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c34\u5316\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u51fa\u5206\u6563\u6db2\uff0c\u7ecf5\u6b21\u51bb\u878d\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u518d\u53cd\u590d\u63a8\u6324\u7a7f\u8fc7\u805a\u78b3\u9178\u916f\u6ee4\u819c\u81f3\u5c1113\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5355\u5206\u6563\u7684SUVs\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.2. \u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u80f6\u4f53\u9897\u7c92\u5728\u6c34\/\u6cb9\u4e24\u76f8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u80f6\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u5728\u542b\u6709\u80f6\u4f53\u9897\u7c92<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4e0d\u6df7\u6eb6\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e73\u5316\u5f85\u5c01\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u7684\u60ac\u6db2\uff0c\u4f7f\u80f6\u4f53\u9897\u7c92\u5438\u9644\u5728\u4e73\u5316\u6db2\u6ef4\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u4e92\u9501\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u58f3\u5c42\uff0c\u8be5\u58f3\u5c42\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u5f39\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u7834\u88c2\u5e94\u529b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u79bb\u5fc3\u5c06\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u76f8\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u76f8\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u3002\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e0a\u7531\u9897\u7c92\u95f4\u9699\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5b54\u9699\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6e17\u900f\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u56fe7A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[87]\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDinsmore\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u542b\u6709\u805a\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u9897\u7c92\u7684\u7532\u82ef-\u8f9b\u9187\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e73\u5316\u4e86\u805a-L-\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\u7684\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u805a-L-\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\u5728\u754c\u9762\u5904\u5438\u9644\u5230\u9897\u7c92\u4e0a\u3002\u4ee5\u805a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u805a-L-\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\u4e92\u9501\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u800c\u6210\u7684\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u66f4\u6613\u53d8\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u7834\u88c2\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u53d7\u5927\u7ea650%\u7684\u5e94\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u7684\u521a\u6027\u5916\u58f3\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[87]\u65e0\u673a\u80f6\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u751f\u4ea7\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u4e9a\u5fae\u7c73\u5230\u51e0\u6beb\u7c73\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002[144,145]\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u6db2\u4f53\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u6301\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5c01\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.3. MOF\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
MOF\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u4f4d\u77ff\u5316\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u5c01\u88c5\u8fdbZIF\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efaMOF\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u50ac\u5316\u9176\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e2-\u7532\u57fa\u54aa\u5511<\/span>\uff08MEIM\uff09<\/span>\u548cZn2+<\/sup>\u6eb6\u6db2\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u7ed3\u6676\u5f62\u6210MOF\u9897\u7c92\u3002[146]\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u915a\u919b\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08MPN\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u6750\u6599\u5e76\u7531\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u4e73\u6db2\u5305\u5c01\u3002\u4e09\u4ef7\u94c1\u548c\u5355\u5b81\u9178\u53ef\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u6a21\u677f\u8868\u9762\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u6d82\u5c42\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5e73\u9762\u6216\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5728\u53bb\u9664\u6a21\u677f\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u80f6\u56ca\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u590d\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08\u56fe7C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[79]\u7531\u4e8eMPN\u7279\u6709\u7684\u819c\u901a\u900f\u6027\uff0c\u7531MPN\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5438\u6536\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u6392\u51fa\u5e9f\u7269\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0cMPN\u5305\u88f9\u7684MOF\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7684\u7406\u5316\u6027\u8d28\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ecf\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u548c\u70ed\u5904\u7406\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u3002[84]<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.4. \u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u4e0eGUVs\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u6d89\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u5e26\u76f8\u53cd\u7535\u8377\u7684\u805a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u6216\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c[147]\u4f8b\u5982\u9634\u79bb\u5b50DNA\u548c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4e8c\u4e59\u6c28\u57fa\u4e59\u57fa\u8461\u805a\u7cd6<\/span>\uff08DEAE\u8461\u805a\u7cd6\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u6db2\u6db2\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u6db2\u6ef4\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u52a0\u5165\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u4e59\u9187\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u5728\u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u78f7\u8102\u5206\u5b50\u4f1a\u5c06\u51dd\u805a\u6db2\u6ef4\u5305\u88f9\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u78f7\u8102\u5305\u88ab\u7684\u5de8\u578b\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u56ca\u6ce1<\/span>\uff08\u56fe7C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[148]\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6750\u6599\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u6df7\u5408\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u7eb5\u7ec4\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u6fc0\u9176\/\u78f7\u9178\u9176\u5bf9\u6765\u63a7\u5236RNA\/\u80bd\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u3002[149]Deng\u7b49\u4eba\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u4e2d\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173DNA\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002[150]<\/span><\/section>\n

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2. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\uff08\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\uff09\u7279\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u5408\u6210\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7ec4\u88c5\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u6d3b\u6027\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u751f\u957f\u3001\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7279\u6027\u662f\u7531\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7126\u70b9\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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2.1. \u80fd\u91cf\u751f\u4ea7<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4f1a\u4ece\u5176\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5438\u6536\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u957f\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u6216\u7e41\u6b96\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u80fd\u5c06\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\u6216\u5149\u80fd\u4ee5\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5ATP\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u51fa\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3\u3002\u5728\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0cATP\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u65b9\u5f0f\u57fa\u4e8e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4f20\u9012\u94fe\uff0c\u628a\u6765\u81ea\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u6216\u5149\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8de8\u8d8a\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u5149\u9a71\u52a8\u8d28\u5b50<\/span>\uff08\u6cf5\u7ec6\u83cc\u89c6\u7d2b\u7ea2\u8d28\uff09<\/span>\u548cATP\u5408\u6210\u9176\u5df2\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e3a\u5c0f\u578b\u5355\u5c42\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u5e76\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u4e86ATP\u3002[151,152]Otrin\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u63a5\u679d\u5171\u805a\u7269\u819c\uff0c\u7ec4\u88c5\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5316\u5b66\u9a71\u52a8\u751f\u6210ATP\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u63a5\u679d\u5171\u805a\u7269\/\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u3001\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684ATP\u5408\u6210\u9176\u548c\u672b\u7aef\u6c27\u5316\u9176\u6df7\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u56fe8\uff09<\/span>\u3002[153]Wendell\u7b49\u4eba\u6a21\u62df\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6db2\u6ef4\u4e2d\u5305\u5c01\u53ef\u4ea7\u751fATP\u7684\u524d\u4f53\uff0c\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\u3002[154]Fukuzumi\u7b49\u4eba\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u70df\u9170\u80fa\u817a\u560c\u5464\u4e8c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u78f7\u9178\u76d0<\/span>\uff08NADPH\uff09<\/span>\u548cH2O2\u3002[155]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe8. \u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u7531\u63a5\u679d\u5171\u805a\u7269\u819c\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u63a5\u679d\u5171\u805a\u7269\/\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684ATP\u5408\u6210\u9176\u548c\u672b\u7aef\u6c27\u5316\u9176\uff0c\u6545\u6709\u5229\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\u9a71\u52a8ATP\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [153]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2017 \u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3aATP\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u518d\u751f\u3002[9]\u5728\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u89e3\u4ee3\u8c22\u88ab\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u5bcc\u542b\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982ATP\u3002\u82e5\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u7684\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\uff0c\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u6216\u5e9f\u7269\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u800c\u8fc5\u901f\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e95\u7269<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\uff09<\/span>\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u70df\u9170\u80fa\u8f85\u56e0\u5b50\u5faa\u73af\u5076\u8054\u518d\u751fATP\u7684\u5408\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u5408\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4ece\u751f\u7269\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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2.2. \u751f\u957f\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u5206\u88c2<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u957f\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u4eff\u751f\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u5bb9\u7269\u7684\u589e\u957f\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u751f\u957f\u3002[156]\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u5bb9\u7269\u7684\u6269\u589e\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u800c\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u751f\u957f\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u8102\u8d28\/\u5171\u805a\u7269\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u88c5\u5230\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e0a\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6269\u5145\u819c\u3002\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u819c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u819c\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u819c\u6210\u5206\u4f1a\u81ea\u53d1\u63ba\u5165\u5230\u819c\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u538b\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002[25]Luisi\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u7531\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u5728\u8102\u80aa\u9150\u7684\u6c34\u89e3\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7e41\u6b96<\/span>\uff08\u56fe9A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[157,158] Libchaber\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5fae\u6d41\u4f53\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e2d\u6355\u83b7\u5355\u4e2aGUV\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u78f7\u8102\u56ca\u6ce1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002[159]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe9. \u56ca\u6ce1\u751f\u957f\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09 \u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u80f6\u675f\u5f15\u5165\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6765\u8bf1\u5bfc\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u56ca\u6ce1\u751f\u957f\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16 [164]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2021 \u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002\uff08B\uff09 \u901a\u8fc7\u88c5\u8f7d\u68d5\u6988\u9170CoA\uff08P-CoA\uff09\u3001\u7518\u6cb9-3-\u78f7\u9178\u9170\u57fa\u8f6c\u79fb\u9176\uff08G3P-AT\uff09\u548c\u7518\u6cb9-3-\u78f7\u9178\uff081P-G3P\uff09\uff0c \u5728\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5c0f\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d [160]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 1996 \u7231\u601d\u552f\u5c14\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u751f\u957f\u4e2d\u7684\u819c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16 [171]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2012 \u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u3002\uff08D\uff09 FtsZ\u548cFtsA\u5b8c\u5168\u6536\u7f29\u5f62\u6210Z\u73af\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u7ecf\u53c2\u8003\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16 [164]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2021 \u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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2.3. \u8de8\u819c\u8fd0\u8f93<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

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2.4. \u73af\u5883\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u8d8b\u5316\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
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\u56fe11. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u53ef\u9006\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u86cb\u767d\u8d28-\u914d\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u3002\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u89e6\u53d1\u5668ADH\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u9006\u5730\u6539\u53d8GUVs\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8pH\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282Ni-NTA\u914d\u4f53\u548c\u7ec4\u6c28\u9178\u6807\u8bb0\u86cb\u767d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684pH\u654f\u611f\u578b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u9178\u6027pH\u503c\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u65ad\uff1b\u82e5pH\u503c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5219\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u7ecf[189]\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2015 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u7531\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u4e8c\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u5236\u6210\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff1b\u5728\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u6bb5\u7684\u948c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53d8\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u4e3b\u632f\u8361\u3002\u7ecf[60]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2014 Wiley-VCH\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u9170\u57fa\u94fe\u548c\u6781\u6027\u5934\u57fa\u7684\u9176\u6539\u9020\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5bfc\u6216\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7d0a\u4e71\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u5408\u6210\u819c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\uff1b\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e8c\u9170\u57fa\u78f7\u8102\u4e0d\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u4ea4\u6362\u3002Devaraj\u7b49\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8102\u8d28\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u7684GUVs\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u524d\u4f53\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5c3e\u94fe\u548c\u5934\u57fa\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u91cd\u5851\u4e86GUVs\u7684\u819c\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u8bf1\u5bfc\u4e86\u8102\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u57df\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff1b\u8fd9\u542f\u53d1\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u8102\u8d28\u5934\u57fa\u7684\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u62db\u52df\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5408\u6210\u819c\u4e2d\u78f7\u8102\u7684\u975e\u81ea\u53d1\u91cd\u5851\u3002[191]<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94\u73af\u5883\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u8282\u5176\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5916\u90e8\u6216\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u56e0\u7d20\u800c\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u5f62\u72b6\u3002Tamate\u7b49\u4eba\u8868\u660e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5171\u805a\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u632f\u8361\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u632f\u8361\u5f62\u53d8\u3002[60,96]\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7531\u5408\u6210\u7684\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u4e8c\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u5236\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u6bb5\u7684\u948c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u53d1\u751f\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53d8\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u632f\u8361\uff08\u56fe11B\uff09\u3002\u5171\u805a\u7269\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7531\u81ea\u632f\u8361\u5fae\u51dd\u80f6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u81a8\u80c0\/\u6536\u7f29\u632f\u8361\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u632f\u8361\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u4e0a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u5c48\u66f2\u70b9\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u6216\u5185\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\u5bf9\u819c\u901a\u900f\u6027\u7684\u8c03\u8282\u4e5f\u5df2\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002Mann\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528pH\u54cd\u5e94\u578b\u5171\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u628a\u6c34\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5171\u805a\u7269\u4ea4\u8054\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u4ef7\u63a5\u679d\u5230\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u4e0a*\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u91ca\u653e\u548c\u5438\u6536\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u7535\u95e8\u63a7\u7684\u81ea\u6fc0\u6d3b\u548c\u8c03\u8282\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7684\u901a\u900f\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e6\u53d1\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u9176\u4fc3\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u3002[192]<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n
\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u5904\u7591\u539f\u6587\u6709\u8bef\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u539f\u6587\u4e3a covalently grafting pH-responsive copolymers onto water dispersion copolymers from silica nanoparticles\uff1b\u8bd1\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\u540e\u534a\u53e5\u5e94\u4e3a\uff1afrom water dispersion copolymers onto silica nanoparticles\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u8bb8\u591a\u81ea\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5982\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9075\u5faa\u5316\u5b66\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8d8b\u5316\u6027\u3002\u7528\u4f5c\u836f\u7269\u8f93\u9001\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e5f\u5e94\u80fd\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u7531\u78c1\u529b\u3001\u7535\u573a\u3001\u5149\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u71c3\u6599\u9a71\u52a8\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5408\u6210\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5f88\u5c11\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5b9a\u5411\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4ece\u5fae\/\u7eb3\u7c73\u7535\u673a\u7684\u6784\u9020\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u7075\u611f\u3002\u5fae\/\u7eb3\u7c73\u7535\u673a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u673a\u5236\u5305\u62ec\u5916\u573a<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u78c1\u573a\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u68af\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u78c1\u573a\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a71\u52a8\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d85\u987a\u78c1\u6027Fe3O4\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u7684\u5fae\u578b\u673a\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u79fb\u52a8\u3002[193]GOx\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u80fd\u591f\u611f\u77e5\u80bf\u7624\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u7eb3\u7c73\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5728\u80bf\u7624\u4e2d\u805a\u96c6\u3002[194]\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728H2O2\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c14\u6ce1\uff0c\u80fd\u63a8\u8fdb\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u5fae\/\u7eb3\u7c73\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u3002[195]Hest\u7b49\u4eba\u57fa\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u53d7\u63a7\u53d8\u5f62\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u540d\u4e3a\u53e3\u5f62\u7ec6\u80de<\/span>\uff08stomatocytes\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7897\u5f62\u805a\u5408\u7269\u56ca\u6ce1\u3002\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5176\u7a7a\u8154\u4e2d\u7684\u9176\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u50ac\u5316\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u548c\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u7b49\u71c3\u6599\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u53e3\u7ec6\u80de\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53e3\u5f62\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u71c3\u6599\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5411\u65b9\u5f0f\u79fb\u52a8\u3002[196,197]\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5728\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u53e3\u5f62\u7ec6\u80de\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u8be5\u8d8b\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53e3\u5f62\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u6cbf\u7740\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u79fb\u52a8\u81f3\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u5904\u3002[198]\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u62df\u767d\u7ec6\u80de\u5bf9\u708e\u75c7\u90e8\u4f4d\u7684\u8d8b\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

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3. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h3>\n
\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7279\u5c06\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u7531\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u5305\u88f9\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee5\u5438\u6536\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6d88\u9664\u5916\u6e90\u7269\u3002\u8fdb\u800c\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4f5c\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94\u578b\u751f\u7269\u6750\u6599\u3001\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u836f\u7269\u7684\u9776\u5411\u9012\u9001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u53d7\u635f\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7269\u7b49\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

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3.1. \u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5bb9\u5668<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/h4>\n
\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u533a\u5ba4\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u53cd\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5229\u7684\u573a\u6240\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u8baf<\/strong>\u3002[22,25,199\u2212201]Li\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u7531DPPC\u7ec4\u6210\u7684MLVs\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u6dc0\u7c89\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u82f7\u9176<\/span>\uff08AMG\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u7684AMG\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6e38\u79bbAMG\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u56fe12A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[202]\u5c01\u88c5\u9176\u80fd\u4e0e\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u8102\u8d28\u8868\u9762\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bb8\u591a\u9176\u5728GUVs\u4e2d\u6bd4\u5728\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002[203,204]Peng\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7531\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u884d\u751f\u7684\u819c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8eDNA\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002[190]\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e0a\u88c5\u6709\u7531ATP\u9a71\u52a8\u7684DNA\u7eb3\u7c73\u95e8\u536b\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u5c01\u88c5\u7740\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5728ATP\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u95e8\u536b\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0b\u6e38\u53cd\u5e94<\/span>\uff08\u56fe12B\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n

\u56fe12. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09 DPPC\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2dAMC\u6c34\u89e3\u6dc0\u7c89\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u8003\u77e5\u8bc6\u5171\u4eab CC BY \u8bb8\u53ef\u590d\u5236 [202]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2007 Springer Nature\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u57fa\u4e8eDNA\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u914d\u5907\u4e86ATP\u9a71\u52a8\u578bDNA\u7eb3\u7c73\u95e8\u536b\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\uff0c\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u8003\u77e5\u8bc6\u5171\u4eab CC BY \u8bb8\u53ef\u590d\u5236 [190]. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2020 Springer Nature\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u591a\u533a\u5ba4\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7ecf[125]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2017 \u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5316\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u533a\u5ba4\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u901a\u8baf\u548c\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5de8\u578b\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u533a\u5ba4\u5c06\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u5305\u88f9\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u8fde\u7eed\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u590d\u6742\u7684\u751f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u533a\u5ba4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4ea4\u6d41\u5bf9\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002Dittrich\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u6d41\u63a7\u65b9\u6cd5\u64cd\u63a7\u9176\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7ec4\u88c5\u4e86\u591a\u56ca\u6ce1\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u56fe12C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[125]\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u6f5c\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u7a7a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u9176\u7ea7\u8054\u751f\u7269\u50ac\u5316\u3002Belluati\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u4ee5\u56ca\u6ce1\u6216\u7eb3\u7c73\u7c92\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u88c5\u8f7d\u5230\u7531\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ec4\u6210\u7684GUVs\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u3002[205]\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u56ca\u6ce1\u5185\u4e24\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u523a\u6fc0\u89e6\u53d1\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9176\u4fc3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u9176\u4fc3\u5e95\u7269\u4ece\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4f7f\u7528GUVs\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u969c\u788d\u662f\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u7684\u534a\u900f\u6027\uff1b\u975e\u6781\u6027\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8de8\u819c\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u6781\u6027\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8de8\u819c\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4fee\u9970\u8102\u8d28\u6765\u963b\u788d\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u81ea\u7531\u7a7f\u8fc7\u819c\u3002[206]\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u56ca\u6ce1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u9176\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u751f\u7269\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u590d\u6742\u7ea7\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u57fa\u56e0\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u8868\u8fbe<\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53d1\u6325\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8102\u8d28\u56ca\u6ce1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u6574\u4e2a\u8f6c\u5f55\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u751f\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u901a\u900f\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u56ca\u6ce1\u5185\u5916\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u6362\u3002Libchaber\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5355\u4e2aGUV\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d<\/span>\uff08eGFP\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8be5GUV\u5305\u542b\u4ece\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u65e0\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u8fbe\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u56fe13A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[21]\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728GUV\u4e2d\u7ef4\u6301\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\u03b1-\u6eb6\u8840\u7d20\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u91cd\u7ec4\u5230\u5230\u8102\u8d28\u53cc\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u56ca\u6ce1\u819c\u7684\u901a\u900f\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u56ca\u6ce1\u5916\u6e17\u900f\u5230 GUVs\u4e2d\u3002Danelon\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u542b\u670914\u4e2a\u78b3\u9170\u57fa\u94fe\u7684\u77ed\u4e8c\u805a\u78f7\u8102\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u534a\u900f\u6027GUV\u819c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728GUV\u4e2d\u4e00\u8d77\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86DNA\u548cRNA\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u548c\u566c\u83cc\u4f53T7 RNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7b49\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002[207]\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5438\u6536\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u548c\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u7b49\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7279\u5b9a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u8868\u8fbe<\/span>\uff08\u56fe13B\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe13. \u80fd\u5408\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3001DNA\u548cRNA\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\uff08A\uff09 \u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u56ca\u6ce1\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u3001\u5355\u4e2a\u56ca\u6ce1\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u548c\u4e8c\u8054\u4f53\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u03b1-\u6eb6\u8840\u7d20\u4e0eeGFP\u878d\u5408\u3002\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u548c pIVEX2.3 d-\u03b1-\u6eb6\u8840\u7d20-eGFP\u8d28\u7c92\uff080.5 nm\uff09\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5904\u4e8e\u8425\u517b\u7269\u6eb6\u6db2\u73af\u5883\u7684\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a20 \u5fae\u7c73\u3002\u7ecf[21]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2004 \u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u3002\uff08B\uff09 \u8367\u5149\u56fe\u50cf\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u548c\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff08\u53f3\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u8fbeGFP\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u9176\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728GUV\u4e2d\u3002\u7ecf[207]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2012 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08C\uff09 \u5728GUV\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884cT7 RNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u50ac\u5316\u7684RNA\u5408\u6210\u3002\uff08a\uff09 DIC\uff1b\uff08b\u2013f\uff09\u8367\u5149\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a 50 \u5fae\u7c73\u3002\u7ecf[208]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2002 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08D\uff09 GUVs\u4e2d\u7684DNA\u6269\u589e\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6c34\u5316\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u542b\u6709PCR\u8bd5\u5242\u7684GUVs\u6c34\u5206\u6563\u6db2\uff0c\u7f13\u51b2\u6eb6\u6db2\u542b\u6709DNA\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u5f15\u7269\u3001\u8367\u5149\u6807\u8bb0SYBR Green I\u3001\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u3001DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u548cMg2+\u3002\u7ecf[166]\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2011 \u81ea\u7136\u51fa\u7248\u96c6\u56e2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5355\u4e2aGUV\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9176\u4fc3DNA\u548cRNA\u5408\u6210\u3002Fischer\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06DNA\u6a21\u677f\u548cT7 RNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u5355\u4e2aGUV\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e95\u7269\u548c\u5c11\u91cf\u4e59\u9187\uff1b\u5e95\u7269\u6269\u6563\u5230GUV\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7279\u5b9amRNA\u7684\u5408\u6210<\/span>\uff08\u56fe 13 C\uff09<\/span>\u3002[208]\u6b64\u5916\uff0cKurihara\u7b49\u4eba\u5728GUV\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u5408\u9176\u94fe\u53cd\u5e94<\/span>\uff08PCR\uff09<\/span>\u6269\u589eDNA<\/span>\uff08\u56fe 13 D\uff09<\/span>\u3002[166]\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5408\u6210\u3002Van Nies\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u03a629\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u7ebf\u6027DNA\u6a21\u677f\u7684DNA\u590d\u5236\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u8fdbGUVs\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884cDNA\u590d\u5236\u3002[209]<\/span><\/section>\n

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3.2. \u7269\u8d28\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

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3.3. \u533b\u7597\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

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3.3.1. \u7ed9\u836f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe16. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4f5c\u4e3a\u836f\u7269\u9012\u9001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09 \u9776\u5411\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u78c1\u6027\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u7ecf[226]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2013 Walter de Gruyter and Company\u3002\uff08B\uff09 \u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u8f7d\u836f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u56fe\u3002\uff08a\uff09 \u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u7531\u542b\u6709\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u548c\u542b\u6709GOx\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\uff08b\uff09 \u5728\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u548c\u7f9f\u57fa\u8132\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u65ad\u4ea7\u751fNO\u5e76\u8bf1\u5bfc\u8840\u7ba1\u8212\u5f20\u3002\u7ecf[81]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2020 Springer Nature\u3002\uff08C\uff09 \u80bf\u7624\u9776\u5411\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4e0ePTT\/PDT\u8054\u5408\u6cbb\u7597\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u8be5\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u7531\u5305\u88f9\u539f\u535f\u5549IX\u7684\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u788e\u7247\u5408\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u539f\u535f\u5549IX\u8fd8\u5305\u88f9\u7740\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u5355\u5b81\u9178\u3002\u5728\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u3001\u5149\u58f0\u6210\u50cf\u548c\u5149\u70ed\u6210\u50cf\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u80bf\u7624\u4e2d\u9776\u5411\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u7ecf[228]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2020 \u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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3.3.2. \u66ff\u4ee3\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe17. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7269\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09 PolyHb-SODCAT-CA\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1b\u5176\u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u9176\u7684\u516d\u500d\u3002\u6839\u636e[275]\u7684 Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0] \u5206\u53d1. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2019 Informa UK Limited\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a Taylor & Francis Group \u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u4eba\u5de5\u03b2\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u9ad8\u8840\u7cd6\u73af\u5883\u7684\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u5408\u6210\u548c\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6444\u53d6\u7684\u8bf1\u5bfc\u3002\u7ecf[84]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2022 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08C\uff09 \u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5176\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u751f\u7269\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u62df\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7ecf[102]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2019 Wiley-VCH\u3002\uff08D\uff09 \u4eba\u5de5M2\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\uff0cChS\u5728\u708e\u75c7\u533a\u57df\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u7ecf[243]\u8bb8\u53ef\u8f6c\u8f7d. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2021 \u7231\u601d\u552f\u5c14\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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3.3.3. \u9176\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7597<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u9176\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u6e17\u900f\u5165\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5e95\u7269\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d \u4e86\u91cd\u590d\u6ce8\u5c04\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8fc7\u654f\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u6297\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u3002[44,45,52,53]\u81ea1964\u5e74\u8d77\uff0cChang\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u884c\u9176\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u732b\u4f53\u5185\u690d\u5165\u542b\u6709\u5c3f\u7d20\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u8eab\u7684\u5c3f\u7d20\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6c28\u3002[70]\u5c06\u542b\u6709\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u690d\u5165\u60a3\u6709\u65e0\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u9176\u8840\u75c7\u7684\u5c0f\u9f20\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u5c0f\u9f20\u4f53\u5185\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u9176\uff0c\u4e5f\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6ce8\u5c04\u6e38\u79bb\u8fc7\u6c27\u5316\u6c22\u9176\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7597\u8fd9\u79cd\u5148\u5929\u6027\u7f3a\u9677\u3002[52,244]\u82e5\u5c06\u542b\u6709\u5929\u51ac\u9170\u80fa\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u690d\u5165\u60a3\u6709\u6dcb\u5df4\u8089\u7624\u7684\u5c0f\u9f20\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u5ef6\u7f13\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u4f5c\u548c\u80bf\u7624\u751f\u957f\u3002[53]Wetzler\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528PEG-\u5929\u51ac\u9170\u80fa\u9176\u6cbb\u7597\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u9176\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002[245]Kaminsky\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06\u7cbe\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u5305\u88f9\u5728\u4ece\u5c0f\u9f20\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff1b\u4e0e\u672a\u6cbb\u7597\u7ec4\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6210\u529f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cbe\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u7f3a\u4e4f\u75c7\u5c0f\u9f20\u8840\u6db2\u7684\u9ad8\u7cbe\u6c28\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u4f53\u5185\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u3002[246]\u542b\u6709PolyHb\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u7684\u53ef\u751f\u7269\u964d\u89e3\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6291\u5236\u76ae\u80a4\u764c\u7684\u751f\u957f<\/span>\uff08\u56fe18A\uff09<\/span>\u3002[247]Machover\u7b49\u4eba\u5c06L-\u7532\u786b\u6c28\u9178\u88c2\u89e3\u9176\u03b3\u5305\u88f9\u5728\u4eba\u7ea2\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[248]\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ec6\u80de\u5916\u6db2\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7c7b\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u7cfb\u4ea7\u751f\u7ec6\u80de\u6bd2\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec6\u80de\u4fdd\u6301\u65e0\u6bd2\u3002\u4f53\u5916\u548c\u4f53\u5185\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u6291\u5236\u80bf\u7624\u751f\u957f\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u957f\u671f\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u9176\u7597\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe18. \u7528\u4e8e\u9176\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08A\uff09 \u542b\u6709PolyHb\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u662f\u7531\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u548c\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u9176\u4e0e\u620a\u4e8c\u919b\u4ea4\u8054\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u805a\u4e73\u9178\u5305\u88f9\u800c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5de6\u65cb\u591a\u5df4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c40\u90e8\u964d\u4f4e\u916a\u6c28\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u80bf\u7624\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6839\u636e[247]\u7684 Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0] \u5206\u53d1. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2016 \u5e0c\u62c9\u91cc\u65af\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u5916\u6ccc\u4f53-\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u6742\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86CRISPR-Cas9\u8d28\u7c92\u3002\u7ecf[260]\u8bb8\u53ef\u6539\u7f16. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2021 \u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5316\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u9176\u7597\u6cd5\u5df2\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f00\u5c55\u3002\u542b\u6709\u5929\u51ac\u9170\u80fa\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728III\u671f\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u53ef\u559c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u8fd8\u53ef\u4e0e\u5316\u5b66\u7597\u6cd5\u8054\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u764c\u75c7\u3002\u542b\u6709\u80f8\u82f7\u78f7\u9178\u5316\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u795e\u7ecf\u80c3\u80a0\u578b\u8111\u808c\u75c5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884cII\u671f\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u9152\u7cbe\u6c27\u5316\u9176\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u9152\u7cbe\u89e3\u6bd2\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u3002[254\u2212256]<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5c01\u88c5DNA\u5927\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8f93\u9001\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7597\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6f5c\u5728\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7531\u5916\u6ccc\u4f53\u819c\u548c\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u878d\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u9012\u9001\u5927DNA\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u62ecCRISPR-Cas9\u8868\u8fbe\u8d28\u7c92<\/span>\uff08\u56fe18B\uff09<\/span>\u3002[257] Gee\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u5c01\u88c5CRISPR-Cas9\u8d28\u7c92\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u9012\u9001\u8fdb\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8102\u8d28\u4f53\u5355\u72ec\u8f6c\u67d3\u7684\u4eba\u9aa8\u9ad3\u95f4\u5145\u8d28\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[258] \u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cZhao\u7b49\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u819c\u5305\u88f9\u7ec4\u86cb\u767d\u548cDNA\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u57fa\u56e0\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u8f6c\u67d3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002[259] \u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0e\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u9003\u9038\u548c\u540c\u6e90\u9776\u5411\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5728\u4f53\u5916\u548c\u4f53\u5185\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u9ad8\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u8f6c\u67d3\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7597\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3.3.4. \u5c01\u88c5\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe 19. \u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u5305\u88f9\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u6839\u636e[275]\u7684 Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0] \u5206\u53d1. \u7248\u6743\u6240\u6709 2019 Informa UK Limited\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a Taylor & Francis Group \u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u521b\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u5177\u6709\u533a\u5ba4\u5316\u3001\u751f\u957f\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u5929\u7136\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f7f\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ec6\u80de\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u590d\u5236\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002[3]<\/span><\/section>\n

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