{"id":43642,"date":"2023-07-09T20:25:34","date_gmt":"2023-07-09T12:25:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=43642"},"modified":"2023-07-09T20:25:34","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T12:25:34","slug":"%e4%bb%96%e8%87%aa%e5%b7%b1%e7%9a%84%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%b8%b8%e6%88%8f%e7%bb%93%e6%9d%9f%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%8c%e7%95%99%e7%bb%99%e5%90%8e%e4%ba%ba%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6%e6%b8%b8%e6%88%8f%e9%95%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=43642","title":{"rendered":"\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u7559\u7ed9\u540e\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u957f\u5b58\u4e28\u9648\u5173\u8363"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u653e\u5165\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u9ed1\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u600e\u6837\u653e\u7f6e\u5b83\u4eec\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u786e\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6837\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u9ed1\u5b50\u7ec4\u5408\u6591\u56fe\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fe1(d) \u5c31\u751f\u6210\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u6591\u56fe\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9759\u7269\u201d<\/span>\uff08still life\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56fe2(a) \u5219\u751f\u6210\u5468\u671f-2\u7684\u201c\u632f\u8361\u201d<\/span>\uff08oscillator\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u56fe2(b) \u5374\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u4f1a\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u5468\u671f\u201c\u5b87\u822a\u8239\u201d<\/span>\uff08spaceship\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u7279\u522b\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u76845\u4e2a\u9ed1\u5b50\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u6539\u53d8\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u50cf\u4e00\u8258\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5f62\u7684\u5b87\u822a\u8239\u4e00\u76f4\u5f80\u53f3\u65b9\u548c\u4e0b\u65b9\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53d8\u56de\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6574\u4e2a\u6591\u56fe\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5411\u53f3\u65b9\u548c\u4e0b\u65b9\u5404\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u683c\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u524d\u8d70\uff0c\u6591\u56fe\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u8258\u4f1a\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u5468\u671f-4\u632f\u8361\u5b87\u822a\u8239\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u201d<\/span>\uff08glider\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u5411\u53f3\u4e0b\u65b9\u6ed1\u7fd4\u524d\u8fdb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u4f60\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u5730\u751f\u5b58\u5e76\u79fb\u52a8\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u751f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6b7b\u201d\u7684\u9ed1\u5b50\u548c\u767d\u5b50\u4ea4\u66ff\u51fa\u6ca1\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u65cf\u7fa4\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u50cf\u6709\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u5427\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u9ed1\u5b50\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u201c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u5468\u671f\u632f\u8361\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6c38\u8fdc\u53d8\u52a8\u751f\u5b58\u201d\u7b49\u6591\u56fe\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e00\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u547d\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u628a\u5b83\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u201d<\/span>\uff08Game of Life\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5eb7\u5a01<\/span>\uff08John Horton Conway\uff0c1937\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5-2020\u5e744\u67088\u65e5\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u6570\u5b66\u8bb2\u5e08\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7433\u5c81\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u6700\u521d\u4e8e1970\u5e7410\u6708\u7531\u79d1\u666e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u52a0\u5fb7\u7eb3<\/span>\uff08Martin Gardner\uff0c1914-2010\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u4e13\u680f\u4f5c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u70ed\u60c5\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u98ce\u9761\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u67091\/4\u7684\u7535\u8111\u90fd\u5728\u73a9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5728\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u8bf4\u8bf4\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u201d \u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6784\u601d\u51fa\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u8fdc\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4e24\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff1a\u6ce2\u5170\u88d4\u7684\u65af\u5854\u5c3c\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u00b7\u70cf\u62c9\u59c6<\/span>\uff08Stanislaw Ulam\uff0c1909-1984\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u88d4\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc<\/span>\uff08John von Neumann\uff0c1903-1957\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa40\u201350\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u201d<\/span>\uff08Cellular Automata\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u96cf\u5f62\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u578b\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6784\u60f3\u5e76\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u30021970\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u52a0\u5fb7\u7eb3\u5728\u79d1\u666e\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u624d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe3  Stephen Wolfram\uff081959- \uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u5353\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6<\/span>\uff08Stephen Wolfram\uff0c1959- \uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6\u57281983\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u5e76\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u5bf9\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ef4\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7684256\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u71b5<\/span>\uff08entropy\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u6f14\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c110\u53f7\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u5177\u6709\u56fe\u7075\u5b8c\u5907\u6027<\/span>\uff08Turing completeness\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u56fe\u7075\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u5b58\u50a8\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u56fe\u7075\u6570\u5b66\u903b\u8f91\u673a\u3002\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53bb\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6\u6839\u636e\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u4e3a\u5e73\u7a33\u578b\u3001\u5468\u671f\u578b\u3001\u6df7\u6c8c\u578b\u548c\u590d\u6742\u578b\u3002\u4ece\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e73\u7a33\u578b\u5c06\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u9759\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5468\u671f\u578b\u5c06\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u632f\u8361\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6df7\u6c8c\u578b\u5c06\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6df7\u6c8c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u578b\u5c06\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7e41\u590d\u72b6\u6001\u4e14\u5176\u5c40\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u751a\u81f3\u6c38\u8fdc\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u6f14\u5316\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684<\/span>\uff08undecidable\uff09<\/span>\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e86\u521d\u59cb\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6216\u8005\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u540e\u7eed\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u4f55\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6\u4ece\u5206\u7c7b\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u65af\u6885\u5c14<\/span>\uff08Stephen Smale\uff0c1930- \uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8270\u6df1\u6df7\u6c8c\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u683c\u70b9\u7684\u9ed1\u5b50\u548c\u767d\u5b50\u90bb\u5c45\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5171\u67092\u200d<\/span><\/span>9<\/sup><\/span>=512\u79cd\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u79cd\u7ec4\u5408\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u76840\u20131\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u603b\u5171\u6709<\/span>2\u200d<\/span><\/span>512<\/sup><\/span><\/span>\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u9759\u6b62\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u548c\u53cd\u5c04\u5bf9\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u6587\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ef4\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u65e0\u6cd5\u64cd\u63a7\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u5b57\u6765\u6982\u62ec\uff1a\u8d85\u4e4e\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u52d2\u59c6\u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed61959\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\uff0c12\u5c81\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u8349\u7a3f\uff0c13-14\u5c81\u95f4\u5199\u4e86\u4e09\u672c\u5173\u4e8e\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c15\u5c81\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4ed617\u5c81\u8fdb\u5165\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\uff0c20\u5c81\u53d6\u5f97\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u7b54\u8fa9\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d39\u66fc<\/span>\uff08Richard P. Feynman\uff0c1918-1988\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed622\u5c81\u83b7\u5f97MacArthur\u5956\uff0c23\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u52a8\u5e76\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c27\u5c81\u65f6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86Mathematica\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e76\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Stephen Wolfram\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u5b66\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u7535\u8111\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u83b7\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed643\u5c81\u65f6\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u540d\u8457\u300a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66\u300b<\/span>\uff08A New Kind of Science\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u4e0e\u5723\u5854\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span>\uff08Santa Fe Institute\uff09<\/span>\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8def\u7ebf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u56fe4  John H. Conway\uff081937\u20132020\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

1937\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5229\u7269\u6d66<\/span>\uff08Liverpool\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7236\u4eb2Cyril Horton Conway<\/span>\uff081903-1963\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u95f4\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u52a9\u7406\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u540d\u53eb Agnes Boyce<\/span>\uff081904-1972\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4ed6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u59d0\u59d0\uff0cSylvia\u548cJoan\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u5c0f\u65f6\u5019\u6027\u683c\u5185\u5411\uff0c\u4f46\u559c\u6b22\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u7269\u8d44\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u957f\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u513f\u65f6\u5c81\u6708\u76f8\u5f53\u8270\u8f9b\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u8868\u73b0\u751a\u4e3a\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5404\u95e8\u529f\u8bfe\u90fd\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\u3002\u4ed6\u5341\u4e00\u5c81\u5347\u8bfb\u4e2d\u5b66\u9762\u8bd5\u65f6\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca\u957f\u5927\u540e\u60f3\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\u60f3\u5728\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u5f53\u4e00\u540d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u679c\u4e0d\u5176\u7136\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u9ad8\u4e2d\u751f\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u201c\u53d1\u73b0\u201d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3<\/span>\uff08knot\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6700\u591a\u5177\u670911\u4e2a\u4ea4\u53c9\u70b9\u7684\u7ed3\u7684\u8868\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u57281900\u5e74\u8d77\u5c31\u88ab\u6570\u5b66\u4e66\u4e00\u76f4\u6cbf\u7528\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u8868\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u590d\u548c\u9057\u6f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e2d\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5728Gonville and Caius College\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1959\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u00b7\u8fbe\u6587\u6ce2\u7279<\/span>\uff08Harold Davenport\uff0c1907-1969\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fbe\u6587\u6ce2\u7279\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u674e\u7279\u5c14\u4f0d\u5fb7<\/span>\uff08John E. Littlewood\uff0c1885-1977\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5728\u4e22\u756a\u56fe\u8fd1\u4f3c\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u51e0\u4f55\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63a2\u8ba8\u9ece\u66fc\u731c\u60f3\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\uff0c1957-1959\u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u4f26\u6566\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4efb\u804c\u5251\u6865Rouse Ball\u6570\u5b66\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u81f3\u79bb\u4e16\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5bfc\u5e08\u8fbe\u6587\u6ce2\u7279\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u8bba\u516c\u5f00\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u6700\u591a37\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u76845\u6b21\u65b9\u7684\u548c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u4e8c\u767e\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8457\u540d\u201c\u534e\u6797\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u7684\u7279\u522b\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u534e\u6797<\/span>\uff08Edward Waring\uff0c1736-1798\uff09<\/span>\u57281770\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u4ee3\u6570\u6c89\u601d\u5f55\u300b<\/span>\uff08Meditationes Algebraicae<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u9664\u4e861\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570k \uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570g(k)\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u90fd\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6700\u591ag(k)\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u7684k\u6b21\u5e42\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u534e\u6797\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1ag(2)=4\uff0cg(3)=9\uff0cg(4)=19\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279<\/span>\uff08David Hilbert\uff0c1862-1943\uff09<\/span>\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86g(k) \u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u5219\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1ag(5)=37\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u77e5\u9053\uff0c \u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u662f\uff1a4, 9, 19, 37, 73, 143, 279, 548, 1079, 2132, 4223, 8384, 16673, 33203, 66190, 132055, \u2026\u2026\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u8bc1\u660e\u534e\u6797\u731c\u60f3\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e2d\u610f\u5916\u548c\u9648\u666f\u6da6<\/span>\uff081933-1996\uff09<\/span>\u649e\u4e86\u8f66\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ed6\u61ca\u4e27\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4ece\u6b64\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u65e0\u9650\u5e8f\u5217\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u7279\u522b\u662f\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u52a8\u8111\u7b4b\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u5bf9\u5e74\u8f7b\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u6781\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u59cb\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5728\u5251\u6865\u8bfb\u4e66\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u72c2\u70ed\u7684\u897f\u6d0b\u53cc\u9646\u68cb<\/span>\uff08backgammon\uff09<\/span>\u73a9\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u516c\u5171\u4f11\u606f\u5ba4\u91cc\u6ce1\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u73a9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u5e15\u7279\u68ee<\/span>\uff08Michael S. Paterson\uff0c1942- \uff09<\/span>\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e8c\u4eba\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620fSprouts\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e8e1964\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u6570\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u7559\u6821\u4efb\u804c\u8bb2\u5e08\u5e76\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a Sidney Sussex College \u7684 Fellow\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u5251\u6865\u9664\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u4ed6\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd8\u628a\u4ed6\u201c\u53d8\u5f97\u5916\u5411\u201d\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u521a\u51fa\u9053\u65f6\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5f00\u5c55\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u56de\u5fc6\u9053\uff1a\u201c[\u90a3\u65f6]\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u6cae\u4e27\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u505a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u82e6\u607c\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5e38\u8a00\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u91d1\u5b50\u603b\u4f1a\u53d1\u5149\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u4eba\u751f\u8f6c\u6298\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6765\u4e86\u30021965\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u6570\u8bba\u548c\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u91cc\u5947<\/span>\uff08John Leech\uff0c1926-1992\uff09<\/span>\u53d1\u73b0\u4e8624\u7ef4\u7403\u4f53\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5806\u79ef\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u91cc\u5947\u6676\u683c\u201d<\/span>\uff08Leech lattice\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u91cc\u5947\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u8bc1\u660e\u4e00\u822c\u731c\u60f3\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7fa4\u8bba\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5230\u5904\u6f14\u8bb2\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u6253\u8da3\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u662f\u5eb7\u5a01\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u541e\u4e0b\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u8bf1\u9975\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u91cc\u5947\u6676\u683c\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7fa4\u88ab\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8c\u9636\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5b50\u7fa4\u5206\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u30018315553613086720000 \u9636\u7684\u6709\u9650\u5355\u7fa4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5462\uff1f\u6253\u4e2a\u6bd4\u65b9\u5427\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u94f6\u6cb3\u7cfb\u6709\u5927\u7ea6\u56db\u5343\u4ebf\u9897\u6052\u661f\uff0c\u800c\u91cc\u5947\u6676\u683c\u7684\u9636\u6570\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e8c\u5343\u4e07\u4e2a\u94f6\u6cb3\u7cfb\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u6052\u661f\u7684\u603b\u6570\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u7fa4\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u6027\u8d28\u30021969\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u901a\u62a5\u300b<\/span>\uff08Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u5f00\u5c71\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4ece\u6b64\u201c\u5f00\u59cb\u505a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u6709\u9650\u5355\u7fa4\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u96f6\u6563\u5355\u7fa4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5eb7\u5a01\u7fa4\u201d<\/span>\uff08Conway group\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a24\u7ef4\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u7fa4\u3002\u8981\u662f\u572824\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5806\u79ef\u7403\u4f53\u7684\u8bdd, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7403\u90fd\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83196560\u4e2a\u7403\u76f8\u5207\u89e6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1969\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u6784\u9020\u4e86\u51e0\u4f55\u62d3\u6251\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebd\u7ed3<\/span>\uff08tangle\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u201c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u2013\u5eb7\u5a01\u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u201d<\/span>\uff08Alexander-Conway polynomials\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6784\u4f5c\u5e7b\u65b9\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5f15\u8fdb\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u51e0\u4f55\u8868\u793a\u7684\u201c\u5eb7\u5a01\u591a\u9762\u4f53\u7b26\u53f7\u201d<\/span>\uff08Conway polyhedron notation\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1970\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9700\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u6216\u65e5\u5386\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u662f\u661f\u671f\u51e0\u7684Doomsday\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u5eb7\u5a01\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u662f\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u58f0\u540d\u5927\u566a\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4f26\u6566\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u76841971\u5e74\u5ea6Berwick Prize\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe5  \u5eb7\u5a01\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\uff081970\u5e74\uff0cKelvin Brodie\u6444\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u79cd\u535a\u5f08\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u4f46\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e5f\u70ed\u8877\u535a\u5f08\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281972\u5e74\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e8c\u4eba\u535a\u5f08\u6e38\u620f Hackenbush\uff0c1974\u5e74\u53c8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e8c\u4eba\u535a\u5f08\u6e38\u620fAngel and Devil\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c31\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u8fd8\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u535a\u5f08\u8bba\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u5251\u6865\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e00\u76f4\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u4e8c\u4eba\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u56f4\u68cb\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u7ea7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u68cb\u624b\u3002\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5728\u56f4\u68cb\u5bf9\u6297\u63a5\u8fd1\u5c3e\u58f0\u65f6\uff0c\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u5206\u5e03\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7b56\u7565\u5c0f\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u6e38\u620f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u514b\u52aa\u7279<\/span>\uff08Donald E. Knuth\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u9ad8\u5fb7\u7eb3\uff0c1938- \uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6781\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u9ad8\u5fb7\u7eb3\u56e0\u4ed6\u7684\u56db\u5377\u672c\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u827a\u672f\u300b\u95fb\u540d\u5929\u4e0b\u30021974\u5e74\uff0c\u9ad8\u5fb7\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4e86\u5411\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4ee5\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u8d85\u5b9e\u6570\u300b<\/span>\uff08Surreal Numbers\uff09<\/span>\u8bb2\u4e49\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u8d85\u5b9e\u6570\u201d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aDomineering \u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d\u5728\u4ed61976\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u540d\u8457\u300a\u6570\u5b57\u4e0e\u6e38\u620f\u300b<\/span>\uff08On Numbers and Games\uff09<\/span>\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u5eb7\u5a01\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d85\u5b9e\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u535a\u5f08\u6e38\u620f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1973\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u5251\u6865\u664b\u5347\u4e3a Reader<\/span>\uff08\u51c6\u6559\u6388\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1975\u5e74\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u79d1\u666e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u52a0\u5fb7\u7eb3\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u201c\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u4e13\u680f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u5e73\u9762\u51e0\u4f55\u56fe\u5f62\u9576\u5d4c\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5eb7\u5a01\u6807\u51c6\u201d<\/span>\uff08Conway criterion\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528108\u7247\u4e03\u8fde\u5757\u74f7\u7816\u65e0\u7f1d\u94fa\u6ee1\u5730\u9762\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1979\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u897f\u8499\u00b7\u8bfa\u987f<\/span>\uff08Simon P. Norton\uff0c1952-2019\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u4f26\u6566\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u901a\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u9b54\u7fa4\u6708\u5149\u201d<\/span>\uff08Monstrous moonshine\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u731c\u60f3\uff1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u9b54\u7fa4\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u7ef4\u4ee3\u6570\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9b54\u7fa4\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u6070\u597d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u83f2\u5229\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u56e0<\/span>\uff08C. Felix Klein\uff0c1849-1925\uff09<\/span>\u7684J\u51fd\u6570\u5085\u7acb\u53f6\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u9b54\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u6570\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7fa4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u9b54\u7fa4<\/span>\uff08monster group\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u76ee\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>10\u200d<\/span><\/span>53<\/sup><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u7fa4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6bd4\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u603b\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u5343\u500d\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u201c\u9b54\u7fa4\u6708\u5149\u731c\u60f3\u201d\u7684\u79f0\u8c13\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u610f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e2a\u731c\u60f3\u5185\u5bb9\u6781\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u6d6a\u6f2b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8868\u793a\u5176\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u671b\u800c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c1992\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u5e74\u8f7b\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u535a\u8d6b\u5179<\/span>\uff08Richard Borcherds\uff0c1959-\uff09<\/span>\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u4e861998\u5e74\u5ea6\u83f2\u5c14\u5179\u5956\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u7406\u8ba9\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u9b54\u7fa4\u3001\u6a21\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5f26\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5343\u4e1d\u4e07\u7f15\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u7ec8\u6781\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1981\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u63d0\u540d\u8868\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4f4d\u591a\u624d\u591a\u827a\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u4e0e\u7cbe\u6e5b\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u6280\u5de7\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u2018\u53e6\u7c7b\u2019\u4ee3\u6570\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6709\u9650\u7fa4\u8bba\u3001\u7ed3\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91<\/span>\uff08\u96c6\u5408\u8bba\u548c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u535a\u5f08\u8bba<\/span>\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u8df5\uff09<\/span>\u90fd\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1982\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u548c\u57c3\u5c14\u6e29\u00b7\u4f2f\u5229\u574e\u666e<\/span>\uff08Elwyn R. Berlekamp\uff0c1940-2019\uff09<\/span>\u53ca\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u76d6\u4f0a<\/span>\uff08Richard K. Guy 1916-2020\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u8d77\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u5236\u80dc\u4e4b\u9053\u300b<\/span>\uff08Winning Ways for Your Mathematical Plays\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ed6\u4eba\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5982\u7d22\u739b\u7acb\u65b9\u5757<\/span>\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u7acb\u4f53\u4e03\u5de7\u677f\uff0cSoma cube\uff09<\/span>\uff0cPeg solitaire\uff0cPhutball\uff0cConway’s soldiers\uff0cTwo wizards puzzle\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1983\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u5728\u5251\u6865\u664b\u5347\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1986\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u79bb\u5f00\u5251\u6865\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6570\u5b66\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5de5\u4f5c\u81f3\u79bb\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6676\u683c\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1986\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u8005\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u6709\u9650\u7fa4\u56fe\u96c6\u300b<\/span>\uff08ATLAS of Finite Groups\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u5de8\u8457\u5386\u65f615\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5355\u7fa4\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1987\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u8363\u83b7\u4f26\u6566\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9881\u53d1\u7684P\u00f3lya Prize\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1988\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u548c AT&T \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u65af\u9686<\/span>\uff08Neil J. A. Sloane\uff0c1939- \uff09<\/span>\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u7ea6700\u9875\u7684\u5927\u4e66\u300a\u7403\u5806\u79ef\u3001\u683c\u5b50\u548c\u7fa4\u300b<\/span>\uff08Sphere Packing\uff0cLattices and Groups\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7403\u4f53\u53bb\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5305\u88c5\u3002\u4ed6\u4fe9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f46\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7acb\u4f53\u51e0\u4f55\u9576\u5d4c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u7ea0\u9519\u7801\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4e24\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e4b\u7533\u8bf7\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd4507648\u53f7\u4e13\u5229\uff1a\u201c\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u7ef4\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u6280\u672f\u201d\u3002\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u62a5\u544a\u8fd8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86IEEE\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u8bba\u6587\u5956\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1992\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1993\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u5728\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u65bd\u5c3c\u4f2f\u683c<\/span>\uff08William A. Schneeberger\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c15\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5b9a\u4e8c\u6b21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6574\u6570\u5bf9\u79f0\u77e9\u9635\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709 15\u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u6b63\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u751f\u66fe\u57281987\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u5965\u6797\u5339\u514b\u6570\u5b66\u7ade\u8d5b\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u94f6\u724c\u30022000\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u88d4\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u66fc\u6731\u5c14\u00b7\u5df4\u4f3d\u74e6<\/span>\uff08Manjul Bhargava\uff0c1974- \uff09<\/span>\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u4e4b\u83b7\u5f972005\u5e74\u5ea6\u62c9\u9a6c\u52aa\u91d1\u5956<\/span>\uff08SASTRA Ramanujan Prize\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c1999\u5e74\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u6570\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u53cbJonathan P. Hanke\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u657015 \u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86290\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u201c290\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u3002\u5df4\u4f3d\u74e6\u540e\u6765\u83b7\u5f972014\u5e74\u5ea6\u83f2\u5c14\u5179\u5956\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e8e1997\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66Nemmers Prize\uff0c2000\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u4f1aNemmers Prize\u548cSteele Prize\uff0c2001\u5e74\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fdDickinson College\u6388\u4e88Joseph Priestley Award\uff0c\u8fd8\u83b7\u82f1\u56fdUniversity of Liverpool\u9881\u53d1\u8363\u8a89\u79d1\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2006\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u548c\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u897f\u8499\u00b7\u79d1\u94a6<\/span>\uff08Simon B. Kochen\uff0c1934- \uff09<\/span>\u82b1\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u5b9a\u7406\u201d<\/span>\uff08Free Will Theorem\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u300b<\/span>\uff08Foundations of Physics\uff09<\/span>\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u5176\u52a0\u5f3a\u7248\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u4f1a\u901a\u544a\u300b<\/span>\uff08Notices of the American Mathematical Society<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u53d9\u8ff0\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u800c\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9884\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u83b7\u7f57\u9a6c\u5229\u4e9aAlexandru Ioan Cuza University\u9881\u53d1\u8363\u8a89\u79d1\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c2017\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u8054\u76df<\/span>\uff08British Mathematical Association\uff09<\/span>\u7ec8\u751f\u8363\u8a89\u4f1a\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe6  \u300a\u5929\u624d\u5728\u73a9\uff1a\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u597d\u5947\u601d\u60f3\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5973\u79d1\u5b66\u8bb0\u8005\u548c\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u5bb6\u897f\u6c83\u6069\u00b7\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328<\/span>\uff08Siobhan Roberts\uff09<\/span>\u4e8e2015\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u300a\u5929\u624d\u5728\u73a9\uff1a\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u597d\u5947\u601d\u60f3\u300b<\/span>\uff08Genius at Play: The Curious Mind of John Horton Conway<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8d5e\u626c\u4ed6\u201c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5947\u5f02\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u53ef\u7231\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u5927\u8111\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7[\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u5f0f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6]\u3001\u7c73\u514b\u00b7\u8d3e\u683c\u5c14[\u82f1\u56fd\u6447\u6eda\u4e50\u624b]\u3001\u8428\u5c14\u74e6\u591a\u00b7\u8fbe\u5229[\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u753b\u5bb6]\u548c\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u8d39\u66fc[\u7f8e\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b]\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709\u6447\u6eda\u660e\u661f\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3001\u72e1\u9ee0\u7684\u5e7d\u9ed8\u611f\u3001\u535a\u5b66\u591a\u624d\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f01\u56fe\u5411\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u89e3\u91ca\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u6c38\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5929\u624d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5eb7\u5a01\u7231\u73a9\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4fee\u8fb9\u5e45\u3002\u4ed6\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e25\u51ac\u90fd\u7ecf\u5e38\u7a7f\u7740\u51c9\u978b\u3002\u4ed6\u7559\u7740\u4e71\u84ec\u84ec\u7684\u5934\u53d1, \u5076\u5c14\u81ea\u5df1\u4fee\u526a\u4e00\u4e0b\u53d1\u68a2\u3002\u4ed6\u529e\u516c\u684c\u4e0a\u5806\u653e\u7740\u597d\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u4ece\u672a\u62c6\u5c01\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9881\u53d1\u9662\u58eb\u8bc1\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7f\u7740\u4e00\u4ef6\u7eff\u8272\u8fd0\u52a8T\u6064\u4e0a\u53f0\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6781\u5176\u7b80\u6734\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u89c6\u673a\u3002\u4ed6\u9664\u4e86\u73a9\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7231\u597d\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u4e66\u3002\u4f46\u662f, \u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u597d\u5947\u4e0d\u5df2\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u8c61\u68cb\u89c4\u5219\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u73a9\u5f97\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\uff1f2222\u5e742\u67082\u65e5\u662f\u661f\u671f\u51e0\uff1f\u636e\u8bf4\u4ed6\u8fd8\u80fd\u80cc\u51fa\u5706\u5468\u7387\u03c0\u503c\u7684\u524d1111\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f20\u95fb\u5eb7\u5a01\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u201cFloccinaucinihilipilification\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u610f\u662f\uff1a\u603b\u628a\u8eab\u5916\u4e8b\u7269\u770b\u5f97\u6beb\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e2a\u670b\u53cb\u5f00\u73a9\u7b11\u753b\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u63cf\u7ed8\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u6f2b\u753b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7684\u5934\u4e0a\u957f\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u89d2\u7403\u201d<\/span>\uff08horned sphere\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u7528\u4f5c\u75c5\u6001\u793a\u4f8b<\/span>\uff08pathological example\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u8fdd\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u7cdf\u7cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5e45\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u6f2b\u753b\u4eca\u5929\u6210\u4e86\u5eb7\u5a01\u4f17\u591a\u8001\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u73cd\u85cf\u7eaa\u5ff5\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u56fe7  \u5934\u4e0a\u957f\u7740\u201c\u89d2\u7403\u201d\u7684\u5eb7\u5a01\uff08Simon J. Fraser \u7ed8\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u57281986\u5e74\u5230\u4e86\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u73a9\u5bb6\u4ed6\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u9b54\u672f\u5e08\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4ed6\u5e38\u5e38\u201c\u5229\u7528\u5361\u7247\u3001\u7ef3\u7d22\u3001\u9ab0\u5b50\u3001\u8863\u67b6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5947\u602a\u7684slinky\u5f39\u7c27\u73a9\u5177\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9053\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u4ed6\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7b7e\u540d\u4f20\u64ad\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u75f4\u8ff7\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u6c89\u8ff7\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u745e\u5df4<\/span>\uff08Alex Ryba\uff09<\/span>\u5199\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5e7b\u65b9<\/span>\uff08magic squares\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u8ff7\u9b42\u516d\u89d2\u5f62<\/span>\uff08hexagrammum mysticum\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u5b9a\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u7ea7\u6570\u548c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u53a6\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08The extra Fibonacci series and the empire state building\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u6709\u8da3\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u8bba\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u66fe\u7ecf\u620f\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u73a9, \u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4: \u201c\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u5e74\u53ea\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u53ea\u5f53\u6211\u5728\u5356\u5f04\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d45\u663e\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u4e0a\u505a\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u5496\u5561\u5e97\u5185\u601d\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u4f53\u9a8c\u771f\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u5356\u5f04\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u793a\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u53c8\u4e00\u7bc7\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8bf4\u5230\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8c8c\u4f3c\u6781\u4e3a\u4e50\u89c2\u5f00\u6717\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u4eba\u751f\u9887\u4e3a\u8dcc\u5b95\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2006\u5e74\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u523070\u5c81\u7684\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e2d\u98ce\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u667a\u529b\uff0c\u5374\u8ba9\u4ed6\u53f3\u817f\u762b\u62d0\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u62c4\u7740\u624b\u6756\u8d70\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5eb7\u5a01\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u59bb\u5b50Larissa\u517b\u80b2\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u4eba\u540e\u6765\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u8270\u96be\u7684\u79bb\u5a5a\u3002\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u60a3\u4e0a\u4e86\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u5e76\u9762\u4e34\u8d22\u52a1\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53c8\u5fc3\u810f\u75c5\u53d1\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e0e Larissa\u53ca\u5176\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e3a\u79bb\u5a5a\u8c08\u5224\u800c\u5171\u8fdb\u5348\u9910\u65f6\uff0c\u50cf\u5403\u914d\u83dc\u4e00\u6837\u541e\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u628a\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u3002\u81ea\u6740\u672a\u9042\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5929\u5929\u7a7f\u7740\u5370\u6709\u201cSUICIDE rock\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u81ea\u6740\u6447\u6eda\u8005\uff09<\/span>\u5b57\u6837\u7684T\u6064\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u7a7f\u53bb\u5b66\u6821\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2020\u5e744\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u5eb7\u5a01\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u70e7\u4e09\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5ddeNew Brunswick\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7483\u5c81\u3002\u5eb7\u5a01\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7559\u7ed9\u540e\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\u5219\u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u6d41\u4f20\u3002  <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe8  \u665a\u5e74\u5eb7\u5a01<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e18\u6210\u6850<\/span>\uff08Shing-tung Yau\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u77ed\u6587\u4e2d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u662f\u6570\u5b66\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u5947\u624d\uff0c\u60f3\u6cd5\u6770\u51fa\u800c\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5355\u5355\u662f\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u73a9\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bcc\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u9676\u54f2\u8f69<\/span>\uff08Terence Tao\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u60bc\u5ff5\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5eb7\u5a01\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u6784\u6210\u7684\u51f8\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u70b9\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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* \u6ce8\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u7247\u5747\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/section>\n

\u200b<\/section>\n


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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u6d8c\u73b0\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bf8\u591a\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\u6700\u795e\u79d8\u83ab\u6d4b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u4ece\u9e1f\u7fa4\u805a\u96c6\u3001\u8424\u706b\u866b\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u871c\u8702\u821e\u8e48\uff0c\u5230\u5b87\u5b99\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u751f\u547d\u6f14\u5316\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f52\u7ea6\u5230\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6216\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u671b\u4e3a\u91cf\u5316\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u300d\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\uff0c\u5c06\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u672c\u8bdd\u9898\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u68b3\u7406\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u8109\u7edc\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6398\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u8111\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6d8c\u73b0\u63a2\u6d4b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u81ea7\u670811\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u665a19:00-21:00\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f410\u5468\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u7528<\/a><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5eb7\u5a01\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f | \u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u7236\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5eb7\u5a01\u56e0\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e\u53bb\u4e16<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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3. <\/strong><\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e3a\u4f55\u8ff7\u4eba\uff1f\u4ece\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u770b\u7535\u5b50\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u672a\u6765<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
4. \u300a\u5f20\u6c5f\u00b7\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf27\u8bb2\u300b\u5b8c\u6574\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff01<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
5. \u6210\u4e3a\u96c6\u667aVIP\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u5168\u7ad9\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0f\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
6. <\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u591a\u624d\u591a\u827a\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b66\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u4e0e\u4ee3\u6570\u6280\u5de7\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u5904\u7406\u201c\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u201d\u4ee3\u6570\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7fa4\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u6570\u7406\u903b\u8f91 (\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u5408\u8bba\u548c\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u7406\u8bba) \u548c\u535a\u5f08\u8bba (\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u535a\u5f08\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5) \u65b9\u9762\u505a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":43629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43642"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43642"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43642\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/43629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43642"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=43642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}