{"id":44593,"date":"2023-08-19T16:44:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-19T08:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=44593"},"modified":"2023-08-19T16:44:00","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T08:44:00","slug":"%e4%ba%a4%e5%8f%89%e5%89%8d%e6%b2%bf%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%ba%e7%b1%bb%e7%a7%bb%e5%8a%a8%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e6%9d%a5%e6%96%b9%e5%90%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=44593","title":{"rendered":"\u4ea4\u53c9\u524d\u6cbf\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff08human mobility\uff09\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u968f\u7740\u8be6\u7ec6\u548c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u800c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ece\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u5171\u901a\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u8868\u4e8eNature Computational Science<\/em> \u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u79d1\u5b66\uff08human mobility science\uff09\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u65b0\u578b\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b97\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n


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Luca Pappalardo, Ed Manley, Vedran Sekara & Laura Alessandretti<\/span> <\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5218\u5fd7\u822a<\/span> <\/span>| \u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u738b\u671d\u4f1a\u3001\u5218\u57f9\u6e90 <\/span>| <\/strong><\/span>\u7f16\u8f91<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aFuture directions in human mobility science<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43588-023-00469-4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4ece\u7edf\u8ba1\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u8f68\u8ff9\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u505c\u7559\u548c\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u82b1\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b64\u4eba\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfc\u822a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001[3,18,21,22]\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u5173\u4e8e\u505c\u7559\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f20\u5e74\u524d\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u505c\u7559\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u77ed\u6682\u5230\u8bbf\u5546\u5e97\u5230\u4f4f\u5b85\u642c\u8fc1[4,12,23,24,25,26]\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u505c\u7559\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u51fa\u884c\u76ee\u7684[27,28,29]\u4ee5\u53ca\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u5f81[30,31]\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u51fa\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6027\u522b\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u5c45\u4f4f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20[13,25,32,33,34]\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u591f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5171\u6709\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u51fa\u884c\u6982\u7387[12,35,36,37]\uff1b\u8bbf\u95ee[11,35,38]\u3001\u63a2\u7d22[10,39]\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u4f4d\u7f6e[40,41]\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff1b\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u65b9\u5206\u914d\u65f6\u95f4[42]\uff1b\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027[38,43,44,45,46]\uff1b\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u6027[6]\uff1b\u4e2a\u4f53\u79fb\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u7ed3\u6784[47,48]\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2a\u4f53\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u79fb\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb[11,48,49]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1d\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1a\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u5df2\u7ecf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e2a\u4f53\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5236\u4ea7\u751f\u7684[6,10,11,36,42]\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u90fd\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08\u6750\u65991\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4ece\u6df1\u5ea6\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u8054\u90a6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u79fb\u52a8\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u5230\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u7e41\u8363\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u770b\u5230\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u5fc3\u667a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8ba4\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5bfc\u822a\u4e2d\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8f6c\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u878d\u5408\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9700\u8981\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5f71\u54cd\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6750\u6599 1 \u4e0e\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

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\u7528\u4e8e\u4f30\u7b97\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u624b\u673a\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7b7e\u5230\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5361\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/span>\u5e76\u975e\u6700\u521d\u5c31\u4e3a\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u901a\u8bdd\u8be6\u5355<\/span>\uff08CDR\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span>\uff08XDR\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba1\u8d39\u76ee\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u6536\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u91cd\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[160,161,162]\u3002\u8981\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u6837\u672c\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u5fc5\u987b\u62e5\u6709\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u624b\u673a\u6240\u6709\u6743\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8f83\u5bcc\u6709\u3001\u7537\u6027\u3001\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u548c\u53d7\u8fc7\u66f4\u597d\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d [163,164,165]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u533a\u57df\u30022020\u5e74\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1b\u5728\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6bcf100\u4eba\u62e5\u6709122\u4e2a\u624b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53ea\u670959 [166]\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8981\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u901a\u8bdd\u8be6\u5355\u6216\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u63a5\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9884\u4ed8\u624b\u673a\u8ba2\u9605\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u901a\u8bdd\u3001\u77ed\u4fe1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bbd\u677e\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6309\u91cf\u8ba1\u8d39\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u8f83\u8d2b\u7a77\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u4f1a\u9650\u5236\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u77ed\u4fe1\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c06\u662f\u6709\u504f\u7684[161,167]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u624b\u673a\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u5747\u7b49\u8986\u76d6[168]\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u3002\u5728\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u662f\u7a00\u758f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u7247\u5730\u533a<\/span>\uff08100\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u6216\u66f4\u5927\uff09<\/span>\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u5929\u7ebf\u57fa\u7ad9\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5929\u7ebf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8<\/span>\uff08\u4f4e\u81f3100\u5e73\u65b9\u7c73\u7ea7\u522b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u7ec6\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u53e3\u88ab\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5904\u7406\u504f\u5dee\u548c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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2. \u5fc3\u667a\u2014\u2014\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u9009\u62e9<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u8868\u5f81<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


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\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u5173\u8054<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2d\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6cbf\u9014\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u201c\u7279\u5f81\u201d\u7ec4\u6210<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8868\u5f81\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u7279\u5f81\u201d\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8868\u5f81\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5730\u56fe\u201d[50]\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u5171\u5b58\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f88\u96be\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e00\u5f20\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u56fe2\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002a-e\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5bfc\u822a\u53d7\u5230\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\uff08a\uff09\uff1b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\uff08b\uff09\uff1b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\uff08c\uff09\uff1b\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u573a\u666f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u573a\u666f\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff08\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u573a\u666f\u201d\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff08\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8005\/\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u201d\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u671d\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff08d\uff09\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u67b6\u6784\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08E\uff09\u548c\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8005\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08A\uff09\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8868\u793a\uff08e\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u8def\u5f84\u79ef\u5206\uff08E\/A\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4ece\u8d77\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u884c\u8fdb\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u52a0\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b\u89d2\u5ea6\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\uff08E\/A\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u504f\u5dee\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1b\u5206\u5c42\u533a\u57df\u7ec6\u5316\uff08A\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u57fa\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u5bfc\u822a\u89c4\u5219\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5730\u6807\u7684\uff08A\uff09\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u5e76\u53c2\u8003\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u201c\u7279\u5f81\u201d\u5728\u5851\u9020\u8bb0\u5fc6\u65f6\u8d77\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5730\u6807\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6587\u5316\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u89c6\u89c9\u4e0a\u663e\u773c\u7684\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u8def\u53e3[51]\u3001\u8def\u7ebf[52]\u4ee5\u53ca\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c[53]\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5927\u8111\u7684\u6d77\u9a6c\u533a\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u7ec6\u80de\u7f16\u7801\u4e86\u5e38\u89c1\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u5f0f\u8868\u5f81\uff1a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7ec6\u80de\u7f16\u7801\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u793a\u533a\u57df\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u7f51\u683c\u7ec6\u80de\u6355\u6349\u7a7a\u95f4\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb<\/span>\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u6587\u732e[54]\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5934\u90e8\u65b9\u5411\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u65b9\u5411\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u8def\u5f84\u6574\u5408<\/span>\uff08path integration\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2e\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7[55]\uff0c\u5728\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u7269\u4f53<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u3001\u8857\u9053\u548c\u5730\u6807\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u89c4\u5212\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u6784\u5efa\u7684[56]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba4\u77e5\u8868\u5f81\u662f\u79fb\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u8868\u793a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u6797\u5947<\/span>\uff08Kevin Lynch\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u5370\u8c61\u300b<\/span>\uff08The Image of the City\uff09<\/span>[57]\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u6784\u4e3a\u4e94\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5730\u6807\u3001\u533a\u57df\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u5370\u8c61\u300b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u9886\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55[58]\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u53e5\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08space syntax\uff09<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5173\u6ce8\u57ce\u5e02\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6355\u6349\u9053\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u663e\u8457\u6027\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5219\u5173\u6ce8\u663e\u8457\u5730\u6807\u7684\u8bc6\u522b[59]\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8bd5\u56fe\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4e0a\u590d\u5236\u4eba\u7c7b\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b[60,61]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50[62]\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5168\u9762\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u6355\u6349\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u56de\u5fc6\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u77e5\u8bc6\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08<\/span>cognitive geographic information system\uff09\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u4e92\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5bfc\u822a\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u9009\u62e9<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


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\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u8d77\u7740\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9009\u62e9\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5bfc\u822a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5bfc\u822a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u51fa\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u957f\u671f\u5047\u8bbe\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5f53\u9009\u62e9\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u8def\u7ebf\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u6548\u7528\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u7ebf\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u5728\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\u903b\u8f91\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u8bbf\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u51c6[63]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53d7\u5230\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u5c0f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7f3a\u5931\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u6700\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u6700\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u884c\u4eba\u548c\u8f66\u8f86\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u5730\u6807\u3001\u533a\u57df\u53ca\u5176\u5c42\u6b21\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[8,64,65,66,67]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u8857\u9053\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u8d77\u7740\u4f5c\u7528[31]\uff0c\u7eff\u5316[68]\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u91cf[30]\u548c\u566a\u58f0[69]\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u548c\u62d3\u5c55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u51b3\u7b56\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u79bb\u6563\u9009\u62e9\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u5efa\u6a21[70,71]\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8003\u8651\u7528\u4e8e\u5851\u9020\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6709\u9650\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u57fa\u7840[8]\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6846\u67b6[72]\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5[73]\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd[74,75]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4\u5bfc\u822a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6b63\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u66f4\u5177\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u201d\u7684\u51fa\u884c\u9009\u62e9<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u51fa\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u51fa\u53d1\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u59cb\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u751f\u7406\u6570\u636e[76]\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u6570\u636e[77]\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u611f\u77e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u79fb\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u878d\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u884c\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/h2>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


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\u9664\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u7279\u5f81\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u548c\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e[78]\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u6210\u957f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u8d77\u7740\u4f5c\u7528[31]\u3002\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u4fbf\u6216\u6709\u89c6\u529b\u969c\u788d\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u989d\u5916\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u79fb\u52a8\u8005\u6240\u5904\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e5f\u56e0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02[79]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u670b\u53cb\u6216\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3a\u5bfc\u822a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u793e\u4ea4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f[80]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u62e5\u5835\u4e5f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u9014\u4e2d\u8ba1\u5212\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316[81]\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u652f\u6301\u8bbe\u5907<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u536b\u661f\u5bfc\u822a\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u5730\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b66\u4e60[82,83]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2c\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u867d\u7136\u8ba4\u77e5\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u548c\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u3001\u4ea4\u53c9\u6027\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6536\u96c6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0e\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08\u6750\u6599 1\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u88ab\u52a8\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u51fa\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bfc\u822a\u548c\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4e4b\u6d41\u4e2d\u67b6\u8d77\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5f97\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u6a21\u578b\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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3. \u793e\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5168\u7403\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u6b63\u52aa\u529b\u4ece\u4ee5\u6c7d\u8f66\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7efc\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u6b65\u884c\u3001\u9a91\u884c\u548c\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a[84]\u2014\u2014\u6765\u652f\u6301\u8de8\u8d8a\u5404\u79cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u65e5\u5e38\u51fa\u884c<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f85\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u53d8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b0\u653f\u7b56\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u57ce\u5e02\u51fa\u884c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7814\u7a76\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u51fa\u884c\u7684\u9996\u8981\u6311\u6218\u662f\u6355\u83b7\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u51fa\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u9650\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u667a\u80fd\u4ea4\u901a\u5361\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u51fa\u884c\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u5230\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u753b\u9762[85,86,87]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u5357\u534a\u7403\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u4e14\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6[88]\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u96be\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6750\u6599 1\u6240\u793a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5404\u79cd\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4f53\u51fa\u884c\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u9014\u5f84\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u57fa\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u7684\u7968\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5021\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4e58\u5ba2\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u548c\u5fae\u79fb\u52a8\u8fd0\u8f93\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765[89,90,91,92]\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6536\u96c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08GPS\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u624b\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u52a8\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u3001\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e3a\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6536\u96c6\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5e2e\u52a9\u91cf\u5316\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u901a\u65f6\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u5185\u90e8\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u9694[25,93]\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u75be\u75c5\u4f20\u64ad[28]\u3002\u81ea2019\u51a0\u72b6\u75c5\u6bd2\u75be\u75c5<\/span>\uff08COVID-19\uff09<\/span>\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684GPS\u8f68\u8ff9\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u91cf\u5316\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u8fbe\u5230\u7a7a\u524d\u7684 22%[94]\u3002\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u8be5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u4ece\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u63a8\u65ad\u63a5\u89e6\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6570\u636e\u6355\u6349\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u4e2d\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u62bd\u6837\u504f\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u6750\u6599 1\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7814\u7a76\u57ce\u5e02\u51fa\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5168\u9762\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u768420\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u4ea4\u901a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u53d8\u5f97\u53f8\u7a7a\u89c1\u60ef\u3002\u5fae\u79fb\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u5171\u4eab\u5355\u8f66\u81ea\u548c\u6ed1\u677f\u8f66\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u4e58\u8f66<\/span>\uff08Uber\u548cLyft\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u6c7d\u8f66[95]\u6b63\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u4ece\u79c1\u4eba\u4ea4\u901a\u5411\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u65c5\u884c\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21[96]\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u65c5\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u8def\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u867d\u7136\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u6a21\u578b[97]\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5305\u62ec\u8def\u7ebf\u548c\u62e5\u5835\u6548\u5e94\u5728\u5185\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u4fbf\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u8f66\u5bf9\u8f66<\/span>\uff08V2V\uff09<\/span>\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u8f66\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/span>\uff08V2I\uff09<\/span>\u901a\u4fe1\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u63a8\u52a8\u57ce\u5e02\u51fa\u884c\u53d1\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316[98]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8f66\u5bf9\u8f66\u548c\u8f66\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u96c6\u5173\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6d1e\u5bdf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u548c\u6539\u5584\u9053\u8def\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6765\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6311\u6218\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u79c1\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u76d1\u7ba1\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u8f66\u8f86\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u8f66\u8f86\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u914d\u5230\u8def\u5f84[99]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u9274\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u5206\u914d\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u57ce\u5e02\u62e5\u5835\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u4f18<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5168\u5c40\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff09<\/span>\u53c8\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u7528\u6237\u6700\u4f18<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981[100]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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4. \u7b97\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u7528\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u548cAI<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\u53d7\u5230\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u533b\u7597\u8bca\u65ad\u548c\u96f6\u548c\u535a\u5f08[101,102,103,104,105,106]\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u822c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u57fa\u672c\u79fb\u52a8\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u8f68\u8ff9\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u751f\u6210[18]\u3002\u79fb\u52a8\u9884\u6d4b\u5668\u548c\u751f\u6210\u5668\u5e94\u540c\u65f6\u6355\u6349\u4eba\u7c7b\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e2d\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u548c\u5730\u7406\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0cAI\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u867d\u7136\u5728AI\u7206\u53d1\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79fb\u52a8\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848[15,16,107]\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6982\u7387\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u6355\u6349\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5e8f\u5217\u6a21\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u56f0\u96be\u3002AI\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf8\u5982\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08RNN\uff09<\/span>[108]\u548c\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08CNNs\uff09<\/span>[105]\u7b49\u673a\u5236\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cAI\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6355\u6349\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5982\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u516c\u5171\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc[102]\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0eCNN\u6216RNN\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6587\u732e\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u518d\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u6a21\u5f0f[3,4,7,10,14,19,40,42,48,49,84,109,110,111,112]\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5668\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u7684\u51b3\u7b56<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56de\u5230\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u6216\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9[40,42]\uff09<\/span>\u6216\u670d\u4ece\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u6cd5\u5219<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f15\u529b\u6cd5\u5219\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u6cd5\u5219\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6269\u5c55[4,20,49,111]\uff09<\/span>\u3002AI\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08GAN\uff09<\/span>[113]\u548c\u53d8\u5206\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668<\/span>\uff08VAE\uff09<\/span>[114]\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u6765\u81ea\u76f8\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u6d41[18,115,116,117,118,119]\u3002GAN\u548cVAE\u662f\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6355\u6349\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u9762<\/span>\uff08\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528Transformer\u7f51\u7edc[120]\u751f\u6210\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e2a\u4eba\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fGPT-3<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3Transformer\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u548cBERT<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6b63\u5982ChatGPT\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u4e8eRNN\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5efa\u6a21\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u8bc1\u652f\u6301[18,27,121,122]\uff0c\u4f46\u6316\u6398\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6f5c\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1a\u5f85\u63a2\u7d22\u4e14\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ea\u95ea\u53d1\u5149\u7684\u5e76\u975e\u90fd\u662f\u91d1\u5b50\u3002AI\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684[123]\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u4ece\u4e2d\u91cd\u6784\u9884\u6d4b\u6216\u751f\u6210\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u79fb\u52a8AI\u6a21\u578b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5929\u6c14\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5174\u8da3\u70b9\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u516c\u5f00\u6027\u548c\u900f\u660e\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u4efb\u53d7\u5230\u4fb5\u8680\u6216\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5ef6\u7eed\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u504f\u89c1<\/span>\uff08\u6750\u6599 1\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76[20,124]\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u7528\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u79fb\u52a8\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684AI\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u7279\u6027\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u8bef\u5bfc\u4fe1\u606f[125,126]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u53d1\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e86\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u548c\u53cd\u4f8b\u6765\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f68\u8ff9\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u6d41[18,127]\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u900f\u660e\u7684AI\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u79fb\u52a8AI\u6280\u672f\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7528\u6237<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u8005\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u7528\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5173\u952e<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4a\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u5c06AI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0e\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08mechanistic models\uff09\uff08\u5982\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u4f18\u9009\u8fd4\u56de\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u6539\u8fdb[19,42,109]\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u65e8\u5728\u590d\u5236\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5730\u7406\u53ef\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027[18]\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cAI\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u8bb8\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5730\u7406\u53ef\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u52a8\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u5927\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6765\u7814\u7a76AI\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u65b0\u7684\u516c\u5171\u79fb\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/span>\u5171\u4eab\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u3001\u53eb\u8f66\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u914d\u9001\uff09<\/span>\u548cGPS\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c37\u6b4c\u5730\u56fe\u548cTomTom\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u798f\u5229\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c61\u67d3\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u9694\u79bb[128,129,130]\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65b0\u7684\u516c\u5171\u79fb\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u627f\u8bfa\u589e\u52a0\u5546\u54c1\u548c\u533a\u57df\u7684\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f7f\u7528AI\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u516c\u5171\u79fb\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9700\u6c42[131,132,133]\u3002\u50cfUber\u3001Lyft\u548cAmazon\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u3001\u6309\u9700\u7684\u548c\u8d1f\u53ef\u62c5\u5f97\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5927\u578b\u96f6\u552e\u5546\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e6\u8fbe\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Amazon\u5f53\u5929\u9001\u8d27\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d70\u66f4\u8fdc\u7684\u8def\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u94b1\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u79c1\u5bb6\u8f66\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5982Uber\u548cLyft\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53eb\u8f66\u670d\u52a1\u5230\u8fbe\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u4e0d\u80fd\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u53eb\u8f66\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u57ce\u5e02\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u9053\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u51cf\u5c11\u4e58\u5750\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6c61\u67d3[134]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u793e\u4f1a\u533a\u9694\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6b67\u89c6\u6027\u7684\u9884\u6d4b[131,132,133]\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u70c8\u504f\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u6750\u6599 1\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8d2b\u56f0\u793e\u533a\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u91cf\u4f4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u5e38\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u4f4e\u7684\u8868\u73b0[135]\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u96f6\u6563\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u96be\u4ee5\u5ba1\u6838\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6216\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u9610\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u50cfTomTom\u3001\u8c37\u6b4c\u5730\u56fe\u548cWaze\u8fd9\u6837\u7684GPS\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u5f84\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cAI\u6765\u5efa\u8bae\u5230\u8fbe\u7528\u6237\u671f\u671b\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u65f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4c\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u6001\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df7\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u7eff\u8272\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11CO2<\/sub><\/span>\u6392\u653e[136]\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u66b4\u9732[137]\uff0c\u800c\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u8def\u7ebf\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u71c3\u6cb9\u6d88\u8017\u7684[138]\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76[139]\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u9075\u5faa\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684CO2<\/sub><\/span>\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u867d\u7136\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76AI\u63a8\u8350\u5bf9\u8def\u7ebf\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u798f\u5229\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u80fd\u591f\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4f18\u5316\u71c3\u6cb9\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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5. \u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

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\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7b97\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u5f97\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u671f\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u5e76\u884c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63ed\u793a\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u4e00\u4e9b\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8054\u90a6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u878d\u5408\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u548cAI\u9ed1\u7bb1\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63ed\u793a\u79fb\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d1e\u89c1\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5e74\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5851\u9020\u793e\u4f1a\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u793e\u4f1a\u4eca\u5929\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u7d27\u8feb\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u5371\u673a\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5e94\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u5371\u673a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u5f71\u54cd\u7a7a\u95f4\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5173\u952e\u89d2\u8272\u4e0a\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002COVID-19\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u975e\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884<\/span>\uff08NPIs\uff09<\/span>\u5982\u5c01\u63a7\u3001\u5c45\u5bb6\u4ee4\u548c\u65c5\u884c\u9650\u5236\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad[29,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u50cf\u65e0\u5dee\u522b\u5173\u95ed\u516c\u5171\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u975e\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u975e\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u6837\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u6536\u5165\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u5f81\uff09<\/span>\u7684AI\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u66f4\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u975e\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u67d0\u5730\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u70b9\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u4e00\u4e2aAI\u6a21\u578b\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u5982\u679c\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u8be5\u70b9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u6f5c\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/h2>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7f13\u89e3\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


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\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u591a\u9762\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7ea611.9%\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u6765\u81ea\u9053\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d60%\u7684\u6392\u653e\u7531\u4e58\u5ba2\u65c5\u884c\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u547c\u5401\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u51cf\u5c11\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5173\u6ce8\u7a7a\u6c14\u8d28\u91cf[149,150]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u51cf\u6392\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u91cd\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u7684\u8f66\u8f86\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u8f66\u8f86\u663e\u8457\u5730\u591a[151,152]\u3002\u9f13\u52b1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u52a8\u8f66\u6216\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u968f\u673a\u5730\u9488\u5bf9\u8f66\u8f86\u6765\u51cf\u5c11CO2<\/sub><\/span>\u6392\u653e\u66f4\u6709\u6548[151]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u6392\u653e\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ea\u88ab\u7c97\u6d45\u63a2\u7d22\u8fc7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9886\u57df\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8003\u8651\u8def\u7ebf\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u5bfc\u822a\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u79fb\u52a8\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u4f7f\u5f97\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u6392\u653e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u590d\u6742\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5411\u7528\u6237\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c[136,139,153]\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u964d\u4f4e\u6574\u4f53\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8def\u7531\u7b97\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u9075\u5faa\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u5e76\u975e\u6700\u4f18\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u6027\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caAI\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u51dd\u805a\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u4e2a\u4f53\u90fd\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00[154]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u6536\u5165\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u9694\u79bb[155]\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u8f66\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c45\u6c11\u9694\u79bb[156]\u3002\u5bf9\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u7684\u8f83\u5dee\u7684\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5bb6\u5ead\u642c\u8fc1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e86\u9694\u79bb[157]\u3002\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ea4\u901a\u627f\u8bfa\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u8fbe\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6c7d\u8f66\u62b5\u8fbe\u5730\u70b9[158]\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9f13\u52b1\u793e\u4f1a\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ea4\u901a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bf9\u51cf\u5c11\u793e\u4f1a\u878d\u5408\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u662f\u586b\u8865\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u79fb\u52a8\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u52a8\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u89c4\u5212\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u548c\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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    \n
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    Ravenstein, E. G. The Birthplaces of the People and the Laws of Migration<\/em> (Tr\u00fcbner, 1876).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Barbosa, H. et al. Human mobility: models and applications. Phys. Rep.<\/em>734, 1\u201374 (2018).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Wang, J., Kong, X., Xia, F. & Sun, L. Urban human mobility: data-driven modeling and prediction. SIGKDD Explor. Newsl.<\/em>21, 1\u201319 (2019).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    O\u2019Dea, S. Smartphone users worldwide 2021 statista. Statista<\/em>www.statista.com\/statistics\/330695\/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide\/ (2022).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    Alessandretti, L., Aslak, U. & Lehmann, S. The scales of human mobility. Nature<\/em>587, 402\u2013407 (2020).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Barbosa, H., de Lima-Neto, F. B., Evsukoff, A. & Menezes, R. The effect of recency to human mobility. EPJ Data Sci.<\/em>4, 1\u201314 (2015).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Bongiorno, C. et al. Vector-based pedestrian navigation in cities. Nat. Comput. Sci.<\/em>1, 678\u2013685 (2021).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Cornacchia, G. & Pappalardo, L. A mechanistic data-driven approach to synthesize human mobility considering the spatial, temporal, and social dimensions together. ISPRS Int. J. GeoInf.<\/em>10, 599 (2021).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Pappalardo, L. et al. Returners and explorers dichotomy in human mobility. Nat. Commun.<\/em>6, 8166 (2015).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Schl\u00e4pfer, M. et al. The universal visitation law of human mobility. Nature<\/em>593, 522\u2013527 (2021).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Alessandretti, L., Sapiezynski, P., Lehmann, S. & Baronchelli, A. Multi-scale spatio-temporal analysis of human mobility. PLoS ONE<\/em>12, 0171686 (2017).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Kraemer, M. U. et al. Mapping global variation in human mobility. Nat. Hum. Behav.<\/em>4, 800\u2013810 (2020).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Noulas, A., Scellato, S., Lambiotte, R., Pontil, M. & Mascolo, C. A tale of many cities: universal patterns in human urban mobility. PLoS ONE<\/em>7, 37027 (2012).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Burbey, I. & Martin, T. L. A survey on predicting personal mobility. Int. J. Pervasive Comput. Commun.<\/em>8, 5\u201322 (2012).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Calabrese, F., Di Lorenzo, G. & Ratti, C. Human mobility prediction based on individual and collective geographical preferences. In 13th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems<\/em> 312\u2013317 (IEEE, 2010).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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