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1\u3001\u5df4\u62c9\u5df4\u897f\u6210\u529f\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u827e\u4f2f\u7279 – \u62c9\u65af\u6d1b \u2022 \u5df4\u62c9\u5df4\u897f<\/span><\/section>\n
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2\u3001\u89c4\u6a21<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u97e6\u65af\u7279 (Geoffrey West)<\/span><\/section>\n
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3\u3001\u89c4\u6a21\u6cd5\u5219<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u201c\u89c4\u6a21\u6cd5\u5219\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u5404\u7c7b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u793e\u533a\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u89c4\u6a21\u6cd5\u5219\u7406\u8bba\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u5e42\u5f8b\u516c\u5f0f\u523b\u753b\u5404\u79cd\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u968f\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u6a21\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e07\u4e8b\u4e07\u7269\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u642d\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8b\u7269\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u666e\u9002\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u6709\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u66f4\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u9002\u5408\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u3001\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u9ad8\u7ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u8bfb\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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4\u3001\u53cd\u5e38\u8bc6<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
[\u6fb3] \u9093\u80af\u00b7J.\u74e6\u8328<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u7236\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9093\u80af\u00b7\u74e6\u8328\u7684\u98a0\u8986\u5f0f\u65b0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6839\u636e\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7fd4\u5b9e\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u63ed\u6653\u5e38\u8bc6\u5e26\u6765\u76844\u5927\u8bef\u533a\u548c\u53cd\u5e38\u8bc6\u5e26\u6765\u76843\u5927\u7ea2\u5229\uff0c\u5e76\u6559\u6388\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4f1a\u7528\u53cd\u5e38\u8bc6\u601d\u7ef4\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5e76\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5e38\u8bc6\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u3002
\u9093\u80af\u00b7\u74e6\u8328\u4ee5\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u201c\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u201d\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u754c\u5b9a\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5e38\u8bc6\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9002\u5408\u7528\u53cd\u5e38\u8bc6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u53cd\u5e38\u8bc6\u601d\u7ef4\u76843\u5927\u5b9a\u5f8b\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u751f\u8d62\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u6982\u7387\u8d62\u5bb6\u3001\u201c\u641c\u7d22\u8005\u201d\u80dc\u8fc7\u201c\u89c4\u5212\u8005\u201d\u3001\u6d41\u884c=\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u666e\u901a\u5f71\u54cd\u8005+\u5076\u7136\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u5f71\u54cd\u8005\uff0c\u52a9\u4f60\u5148\u4eba\u4e00\u6b65\u4eab\u53d7\u672a\u6765\u7ea2\u5229\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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5\u3001\u8d85\u7ea7\u5408\u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
[\u7f8e]\u9a6c\u4e01\u2022\u8bfa\u74e6\u514b (Martin A. Nowak) \/ [\u7f8e]\u7f57\u6770\u2022\u6d77\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7 (Roger Highfield)<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u4ece\u535a\u5f08\u8bba\u4e4b\u56da\u5f92\u56f0\u5883\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u751f\u52a8\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u521b\u7acb\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u4e5f\u6700\u6fc0\u52a8\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u201c\u5408\u4f5c\u201d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u83b7\u66f4\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u51dd\u805a\u529b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u6210\u66f4\u5927\u5316\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u89e3\u51b3\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u6d88\u9664\u9965\u8352\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5171\u5b58\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba9\u57fa\u56e0\u5f97\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u601d\u7ef4<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u7f57\u5bb6\u5fb7\u3001\u4e07\u6021<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u88c1\u5458\u98ce\u6f6e\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u7834\u5c40\uff1f<\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u6548\u201c\u5185\u5377\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8eba\u5e73\u201d\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u804c\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4ea4\u6050\u60e7\u75c7\u201d\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u7834\u89e3\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u7684\u201c\u6210\u529f\u5b66\u201d\u8bef\u5bfc\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u987a\u5229\u8fbe\u6210\u505a\u597d\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u89c4\u5212\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u201c\u9ed1\u5929\u9e45\u201d\u4e71\u98de\uff0c\u201c\u7070\u7280\u725b\u201d\u4e71\u8dd1\uff0c\u804c\u573a\u4eba\u58eb\u540c\u6837\u56e0\u590d\u6742\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u5883\u9677\u5165\u8ff7\u832b\u4e0e\u7126\u8651\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u4eba\u4eec\u9488\u5bf9\u65e7\u73af\u5883\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u89c4\u5f8b\u3001\u804c\u573a\u5b88\u5219\u65e9\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u5339\u914d\u4eca\u65e5\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u6742\u601d\u7ef4\u8fd9\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u7ef4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5b66\u672f\u89c2\u70b9\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u65f6\u4e8b\u70ed\u70b9\uff0c\u5c42\u5c42\u5206\u6790\u804c\u573a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5256\u6790\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u901a\u8fc78\u5927\u539f\u5219\u7ed9\u51fa\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u804c\u573a\u4eba\u58eb\u6253\u9020\u591a\u7ef4\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u5f85\u4e07\u4e8b\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5728\u804c\u573a\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u62e5\u62b1\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4eba\u8109\u3001\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u81ea\u8eab\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7528\u597d\u624b\u4e2d\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u6210\u529f\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/h3>\n

7\u3001The Emergence of Organizations and Markets<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
John F. Padgett and Walter W. Powell<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
The social sciences have sophisticated models of choice and equilibrium but little understanding of the emergence of novelty. Where do new alternatives, new organizational forms, and new types of people come from? Combining biochemical insights about the origin of life with innovative and historically oriented social network analyses, John Padgett and Walter Powell develop a theory about the emergence of organizational, market, and biographical novelty from the coevolution of multiple social networks. They demonstrate that novelty arises from spillovers across intertwined networks in different domains. In the short run actors make relations, but in the long run relations make actors.<\/span><\/section>\n

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8\u3001\u9576\u5d4c<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u9009\u53d6\u4e94\u7bc7\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5411\u56fd\u5185\u8bfb\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u52a8\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u7cfb\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4f17\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u6709\u76ee\u5171\u7779\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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9\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u9ec4\u6b23\u8363<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u6709\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c21\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u8bd5\u56fe\u6253\u7834\u81ea\u725b\u987f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u7edf\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u8d8a\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u73b0\u5df2\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6 \u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5e76\u6b63\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u9ec4\u6b23\u8363\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7814\u7a76(\u7b2c2\u7248)\u300b\u5728\u5168\u9762\u68b3\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u4e49\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u878d\u8d2f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6570\u503c\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u865a\u62df\u3001\u96c6\u6210\u516d\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u8865\u5145\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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10\u3001\u9690\u79e9\u5e8f\uff1a\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u9020\u5c31\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7H\u00b7\u970d\u5170<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u50cf\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u6467\u6bc1\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f\u50cf\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3001\u4e1c\u4eac\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u95ee\u65ad\u5730\u4fdd\u969c\u98df\u54c1\u3001\u533b\u7597\u3001\u670d\u9970\u548c\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u79cd\u5c45\u6c11\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u7684\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff1f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c1c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u970d\u5170\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u5723\u83f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u548c\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd1\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7236\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u970d\u5170\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5904\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08CAS\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u5174\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002
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\u8fd9\u90e8\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u8457\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5d2d\u65b0\u9886\u57df\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u534f\u8c03\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u970d\u5170\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6d1e\u89c1\u3002\u300a\u9690\u79e9\u5e8f:\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u9020\u5c31\u590d\u6742\u6027\u300b\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bfb\u627e\u652f\u914dCAS\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u6269\u5c55\u4f17\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u90e8CAS\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u970d\u5170\u901a\u8fc7\u63cf\u8ff0\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9CAS\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4ed8\u8017\u5c3d\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u7f6e\u6211\u4eec\u4e16\u754c\u4e8e\u5371\u9669\u5883\u5730\u7684\u68d8\u624b\u7684CAS\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

11\u3001\u673a\u9047\u4e0e\u6df7\u6c8c<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5415\u57c3\u52d2<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u673a\u9047\uff1f\u673a\u9047\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\uff1f\u672a\u6765\u5982\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\uff1f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4ece\u673a\u9047\u6709\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u62bd\u5f69\u548c\u661f\u8c61\u7b49\u8bf4\u8d77\uff0c\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3001\u71b5\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u4e43\u81f3\u6027\u7684\u771f\u610f\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u2026\u2026\u672c\u4e66\u6df1\u5165\u6d45\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u666e\u901a\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u6df7\u6c8c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u5165\u95e8\u8bfb\u7269\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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12\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u827e\u4f2f\u7279-\u62c9\u65af\u6d1b\u00b7\u5df4\u62c9\u5df4\u897f<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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\u4e00\u4f4d\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u8282\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u9996\u6b21\u5e26\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u9886\u7565\u7f51\u7edc\u9769\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5e55\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u751f\u52a8\u5730\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u4ece\u745e\u58eb\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u83b1\u5965\u54c8\u5c14\u5fb7\u00b7\u6b27\u62c918\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u5bf9\u56fe\u8bba\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u81f3\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u800c\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u764c\u75c7\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u53d9\u4e8b\u751f\u52a8\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u201c\u5236\u56fe\u5e08\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7ed8\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u5728\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u7b49\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5176\u5b9e\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u5468\u56f4\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

13\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u6982\u89c2<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u96f7\u820d\u5c14<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u4e86\u5b83\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5185\u7ba1\u7406\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u901f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6e10\u589e\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u96be\u9898\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

14\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e0e\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u897f\u5229\u4e9a\u65af<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
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\u4e8c<\/strong><\/section>\n
\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

1\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6cbb\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7f57\u5bb6\u5fb7<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

2\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7f57\u5bb6\u5fb7<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u501f\u9274\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u7406\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u7ba1\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u90fd\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u548c\u804c\u573a\u4eba\u58eb\u5b8c\u5584\u6cbb\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u5546\u4e1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u8c03\u914d\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u542f\u793a\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
[\u7f8e] \u9a6c\u514b\u00b7\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u9762\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279\u6709\u5173\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u7ec7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u9694\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5b83\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5d4c\u5165\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u4e00\u6837\u906d\u53d7\u7740\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u7ecf\u53d7\u7740\u8bf8\u5982\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u4eec\u671d\u7740\u826f\u597d\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u7406\u6027\u5730\u884c\u4e8b\u201d\uff1b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u96be\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b80\u5355\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u6709\u65f6\u56e0\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7684\u6267\u7740\u4fe1\u5ff5\u800c\u9075\u5faa\u4e4b\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5219\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u5c31\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7406\u7531\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u4efb\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u9488\u5bf9\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ee9\u6548\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u529b\u6709\u7740\u975e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6027\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4eba\u4eec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4fe1\u4efb\u53ca\u6743\u529b\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u800c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u591a\u91cd\u539f\u5219\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u71c3\u7709\u4e4b\u6025\u3002\u4ed6\u904d\u89c8\u7fa4\u4e66\uff0c\u878d\u4f1a\u8d2f\u901a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u957f\u671f\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u5e76\u7efc\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u683c\u5170\u8bfa\u7ef4\u7279\u6240\u6301\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u5e95\u8574\u662f\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u8bf8\u5982\u884c\u52a8\/\u7ed3\u6784\u8fd9\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fc8\u5411\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u800c\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b23\u8d4f\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7cbe\u5fae\u4e4b\u5904\u4e0e\u6d3b\u529b\u4e4b\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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4\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
(\u7f8e\u56fd)\u7f57\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7M\u00b7\u514b\u96f7\u9ed8\u7b49<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/h3>\n

5\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u6e38\u620f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7f57\u5bb6\u5fb7<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u505a\u751f\u610f\u5168\u666f\u6d41\u7a0b\u518d\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u6df1\u9083\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u65e0\u6d1e\u5bdf\u4e4b\u529b\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u505a\u751f\u610f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u624b\u201c\u4fe1\u4efb\u6e38\u620f\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u624b\u201c\u6743\u529b\u6e38\u620f\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u6709\u7ef5\u7ef5\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u535a\u5f08\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u8981\u987e\u5ff5\u4eba\u60c5\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4f59\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u5728\u201c\u5403\u996d\u559d\u9152\u640f\u611f\u60c5\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ea4\u6613\u53cc\u65b9\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7b97\u8ba1\uff0c\u7edd\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u8bb2\u4e49\u6c14\u201d\u201c \u56fe\u4e2a\u723d\u201d\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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6\u3001\u540e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7F. \u5fb7\u9c81\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u300a\u540e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u900f\u5f7b\u4e0e\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u3001\u571f\u5730\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u300a\u540e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u662f\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ca\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5982\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5f80\u540e\u4e00\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5947\u8ff9\u201d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8d2b\u7a77\u843d\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f3a\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u53d8\u52a8\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb40\u5e74\u8fd8\u5927\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u5df2\u5c55\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u826f\u597d\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u5fc3\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u6709\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f0\u6e7e\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u7f51\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

7\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
[\u82f1] \u66fc\u7ebd\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u300a\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u300b\u662f\u66fc\u7ebd\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279\u6240\u8457\u300a\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff1f\u7f51\u7edc\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f51\u7edc\u6210\u4e86\u5404\u5927\u4f01\u4e1a\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u7684\u70eb\u624b\u8bdd\u9898\uff1f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u7edc\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u9047\u548c\u6311\u6218\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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8\u3001<\/strong><\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\u5510\u00b7\u79d1\u6069<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c:\u9020\u5c31\u4f18\u79c0\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5143\u7d20\u300b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u63a2\u8ba8\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\u5728\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u6240\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u5177\u6709\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u5bb6\u5510\u00b7\u79d1\u6069\u548c\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u00b7\u666e\u9c81\u8428\u514b\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u51b3\u7b56\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u8005\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u5951\u673a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b3\u7b56\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u62db\u8058\u3001\u89e3\u8058\u5230\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e43\u81f3\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u8d44\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\u3001\u66f4\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u987e\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u66f4\u660e\u667a\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

9\u3001The Power of Identity<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Manuel Castells<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u300a\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u300b\u662f\u66fc\u7ebd\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u7279\u6240\u8457\u300a\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u3002\u5176\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u5168\u7403\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u6240\u6697\u542b\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u5404\u5f02\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u6b63\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8c01\u201d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u53cd\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u66fe\u7ecf\u7f16\u6392\u8fc7\u8d22\u5bcc\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7f51\u7edc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u67f1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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10\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7<\/span>\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u878d\u4f1a\u4e86\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u667a\u6167\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u9762\u3001\u72ec\u7279\u3001\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5256\u6790\uff0c\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7ed9\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ed9\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u9884\u8a00\u5f0f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4f5c\u753b\u8005\u5728\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u8bb0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u8d8b\u52bf\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u90fd\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u548c\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5f71\u54cd\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u66fe\u7ecf\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6316\u6398\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5b9d\u5e93\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5b83\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u591a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff0c\u5b83\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e00\u9cde\u534a\u722a\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u7684\u91d1\u94a5\u5319\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h2>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\u4e09<\/strong><\/section>\n
\u4f01\u4e1a\/\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

1\u3001\u57fa\u696d\u9577\u9752<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Jim Collins \/ Jerry I. Porras \u8457 . \u9f4a\u82e5\u862d \u8bd1<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5947\u5f02\u3001\u60e0\u666e\u3001\u7d22\u5c3c\u3001\u8fea\u65af\u5c3c\u7b49\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u6052\u4e45\u5353\u8d8a\u3001\u5c79\u7acb\u4e0d\u6447\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f01\u4e1a\u5374\u4eae\u4e3d\u4e8e\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u7eda\u70c2\u5f52\u4e8e\u5e73\u51e1\uff1f\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u3001\u8584\u4e50\u65af\u5f52\u7eb3\u51fa\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff1a\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u7684\u957f\u9752\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4fdd\u5b58\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u521b\u65b0\u6c42\u53d8\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5316\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u53d8\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53d8\u6709\u5982\u9634\u9633\u4e92\u6d4e\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u6253\u9020\u8d77\u5353\u8d8a\u7684A+\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u57fa\u4e1a\u957f\u9752\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ef4\u6301\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u957f\u9752\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5404\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u4e2a\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u5e26\u6765\u65e0\u9650\u542f\u53d1\uff01<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

2\u3001\u5f9eA\u5230A+<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u67ef\u6797\u65af\uff08Jim Collins\uff09\u8457. \u9f4a\u82e5\u862d \u8bd1<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4ece\u4f18\u79c0\u5230\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u8ddf\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6f6e\u6d41\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u4e8b\u4f20\u7edf\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u6700\u521d\u9ed8\u9ed8\u65e0\u95fb\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5353\u8d8a\u3002\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c<\/span>\u201c\u53ea\u8981\u91c7\u7eb3\u5e76\u8ba4\u771f\u8d2f\u5f7b\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u6539\u5584\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5353\u8d8a\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/h3>\n

3\u3001\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u7ecf\u8425\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a\u5168\u5458\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u521b\u9020\u6536\u76ca<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u7ecf\u8425\u662f\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b\u72ec\u521b\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b\u521b\u529e\u4eac\u74f7\u96c6\u56e2\u548cKDDI\u4e24\u5bb6\u4e16\u754c500\u5f3a\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6df1\u9677\u7ecf\u8425\u5371\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u529b\u633d\u72c2\u6f9c\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u65e5\u822a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6536\u76ca\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u963f\u7c73\u5df4\u7ecf\u8425\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\u3002
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4\u3001\u7845\u8c37\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

5\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u8fb9\u754c<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u9053\u683c\u2022\u67ef\u514b\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u514b(Doug Kirkpatrick)<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u5728\u300a\u7a81\u7834\u8fb9\u754c\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5177\u4f53\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u516c\u53f8\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u8fc8\u5411\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u589e\u957f\u52a8\u529b\u768421\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u5171\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u4e8610\u7ae0\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u9053\u683c\u6307\u51fa\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u79d1\u5c42\u5236\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u8fd9\u6e90\u4e8e\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u800c\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u6b63\u662f\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65b0\u521b\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u5212\u5411\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u9053\u683c\u5219\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b9e\u65bd\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u6d77\u5c14\u7535\u5668\u3001\u6668\u661f\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u585e\u6c0f\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u7f8e\u6377\u6b65\u3001FreshFill\u3001\u658b\u6d66\u5c14\u5730\u6bef\u7b49\u4f17\u591a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u540d\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u53ca\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u66f4\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u521b\u65b0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5176\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u9886\u4f1a\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3\uff0c\u5e76\u878d\u5165\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ca\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>
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6\u3001\u6df7\u5e8f\uff1a\u7ef4\u8428\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5f62\u6001<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\uff08\u7f8e\uff09\u970d\u514b\u5f20\u73cd<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u672c\u4e66\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6df7\u5e8f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8bf8\u5982\u7ef4\u8428\u3001\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u5929\u6c14\u76d1\u89c6\u7f51\u3001\u55dc\u9152\u8005\u4e92\u8beb\u4f1a\u7b49\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u300a\u6df7\u5e8f\u300b\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u4f20\u8bb0\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u6109\u60a6\u7684\u597d\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5c45\u4e8e\u201c\u6df7\u6c8c\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6709\u5e8f\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df7\u5e8f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u6309\u71b5\u589e\u539f\u7406\u9010\u6b65\u8870\u9000\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6b7b\u201d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6df7\u5e8f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u6240\u9610\u626c\u7684<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

7\u3001\u8d85\u8d8a\u6388\u6743<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
(\u7f8e)\u67ef\u514b\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u300a\u8d85\u8d8a\u6388\u6743:\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5230\u6765\u300b\u5171\u5206\u4e3a\u516b\u7ae0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6311\u6218\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3001\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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8\u3001\u91cd\u5851\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u2022\u83b1\u5362<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

9\u3001Complex Organizations<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Charles Perrow<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
This classic in organizational theory provides a succinct overview of the principal schools of thought as it presents a critical, sociopsychological, and historical orientation to the field of organizational analysis. Vividly written, with theories made concrete by specific, student-oriented examples, it takes a critical view toward organizations, analyzing their impact on individuals, groups, and society as a whole. New chapters on economic theories of organization and the conditional power theory are among the features of this revised edition.<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56db<\/strong><\/section>\n
\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

1\u3001\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u745e\u00b7\u8fbe\u5229\u6b27<\/span><\/section>\n
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2\u3001\u82cf\u4e16\u6c11\uff1a\u6211\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u6559\u8bad<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u82cf\u4e16\u6c11<\/span><\/section>\n
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3\u3001\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b\u54f2\u5b66\u7cbe\u8981<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7a3b\u76db\u548c\u592b<\/span><\/section>\n
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4\u3001\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u7cbe\u8981<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
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5\u3001\u71b5\u51cf\uff1a\u534e\u4e3a\u6d3b\u529b\u4e4b\u6e90<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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6\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u9886\u5bfc\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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7\u3001\u8054\u76df<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u91cc\u5fb7\u00b7\u970d\u592b\u66fc \/\u672c\u00b7\u5361\u65af\u8bfa\u67e5\/\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u00b7\u53f6<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u7b56\u7565\u5b9a\u4e49\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\uff1f\u672a\u6765\u804c\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u79d8\u8bc0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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8\u3001\u87ba\u65cb\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5510\u00b7\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u8d1d\u514b\uff08Don Edward Beck)\/\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5f17\u00b7\u79d1\u4e07(ChristopherC.Cowan)<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u62db\u8058\uff1a\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u9700\u8981\u6311\u9009\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6c42\u804c\u8005\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5c97\u4f4d
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\u9009\u62d4\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u65b0\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u65f6
\u2014\u2014\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8272\u9636\uff1f\u5f53\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u8272\u9636\u7684\u201d\u5e26\u5934\u4eba\u201d\uff1f
\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6781\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u522b\u4eba\u65f6\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/section>\n


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9\u3001\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u6e38\u620f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u897f\u8499\u00b7\u65af\u6d85\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6709\u9650\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65f6\u9650\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8d62\u3002\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u6e38\u620f\u4e00\u76f4\u73a9\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u65e0\u7ebf\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u5934\u53f7\u73a9\u5bb6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u603b\u662f\u5c06\u201c\u8d62\u201d\u6302\u5728\u5634\u8fb9\uff0c\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u201c\u8d62\u5f97\u7ade\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u6709\u9650\u601d\u7ef4\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u573a\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u505c\u6b62\u601d\u8003\u8d62\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8db3\u591f\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u8db3\u591f\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u7ecf\u4e45\u4e0d\u8870\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u6e38\u620f\u6dd8\u6c70\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7528\u65e0\u9650\u601d\u7ef4\u6765\u73a9\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd9\u573a\u65e0\u9650\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u671d\u7740\u6c38\u8fdc\u5b58\u7eed\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u524d\u8fdb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u6240\u8981\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8ffd\u6c42\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5f7c\u6b64\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u503c\u5f97\u8f83\u91cf\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u6538\u5173\u5b58\u4ea1\u7684\u53d8\u901a\u6027\u3001\u8868\u73b0\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u957f\u4e45\u4e14\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u7e41\u8363\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u5904\u5728\u65e0\u9650\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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10\u3001Complexity and Organizational Reality<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Stacey, Ralph D.<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
Approaches to leadership and management are still dominated by prescriptions – usually claimed as scientific – for top executives to choose the future direction of their organization. The global financial recession and the collapse of investment capitalism (surely not planned by anyone) make it quite clear that top executives are simply not able to choose future directions. Despite this, current management literature mostly continues to avoid the obvious – management’s inability to predict or control what will happen in the future. The key question now must be how we are to think about management if we take the uncertainty of organizational life seriously. Ralph Stacey has turned to the sciences of uncertainty and complexity to develop an understanding of leadership and management as the ordinary politics of daily organiza.<\/span><\/section>\n

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11\u3001Complexity and the Experience of Values, Conflict and Compromise in Organizations<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Stacey, Ralph (EDT)\/ Griffin, Douglas (EDT)<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
What role do values play in organizational life? How do they shape the efficiency and effectiveness of organizational change? This volume examines what we actually mean when we use the term values and what it means to act according to values in ordinary everyday life. The contributors to this volume provide an exposition of the circular relationship between values, conflict, and compromise. It can be said that current research lacks a thorough exploration of what we actually mean by human values and what it means to act according to values in ordinary, everyday life in organizations. This is what the chapters in this volume seek to address through the reflections of organizational practitioners on their ordinary work in organizations. Covering subject areas such as organizational theory and behaviour, and organizational analysis as well as the sociology of work and industry, this book will appeal to researchers and practitioners alike.<\/span><\/section>\n


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1\u3001\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u9707\u64bc\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u754c\uff0c\u53f7\u53ec\u5e76\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6295\u5165\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56e0\u53d1\u73b0\u201cDNA\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u2014\u2014\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u2022\u6c83\u68ee\u3001\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\u2022\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u548c\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\u2022\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u5b66\u79d1\u878d\u5408\u5e26\u6765\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u5f0f\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002
\u300a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b\u662f\u80fd\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u53d7\u76ca\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u542f\u8499\u7ecf\u5178\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8f7b\u677e\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u79d1\u80cc\u666f\u4e5f\u80fd\u8bfb\u61c2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

2\u3001\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u7075\u6027\u7684\u89c9\u9192<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u827e\u514b\u54c8\u7279\u00b7\u6258\u5c14<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u7c7b\u6574\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u201c\u5f00\u609f\u201d\u4e4b\u4e66\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u7075\u6027\u5927\u5e08\u827e\u514b\u54c8\u7279\u00b7\u6258\u5c14\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c2005\u5e74\u521d\u7248\u4ee5\u540e\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u4e3b\u6301\u5965\u666e\u62c9\u65e0\u610f\u8bfb\u5230\uff0c\u5979\u60ca\u4e3a\u5929\u4e66\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bfb\u540e\u8ba9\u5979\u6709\u201c\u5f00\u609f\u201d\u4e4b\u611f\u3002\u8457\u540d\u8eab\u5fc3\u7075\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5f20\u5fb7\u82ac\u9605\u8bfb\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u53d1\u5fc3\u5c06\u6b64\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6258\u5c14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bf9\u865a\u5e7b\u81ea\u6211\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u5728\u5f62\u76f8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5c0f\u6211\u201c\u603b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5371\u673a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7ecf\u7531\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u8eab\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e34\u5728\u4e4b\u5149\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u89c9\u9192\uff0c\u4ece\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u8eab\u4e2d\u7834\u8327\u800c\u51fa\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff1a\u90a3\u4efd\u5bf9\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u8eab\u7684\u77e5\u6653\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u63a5\u7eb3\u2014\u2014\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u8eab\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u800c\u968f\u7740\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u89c9\u9192\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u518d\u8ba4\u540c\u4e8e\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c0f\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5185\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

3\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5149\u8c31<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u80af\u5a01\u5c14\u4f2f<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u300a\u610f\u8bc6\u5149\u8c31\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u662f\u8d85\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5927\u5e08\u80af\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u4f2f\u95ed\u51733\u4e2a\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u53d1\u8f6b\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8d28\u6bd4\u55bb\u6210\u5f69\u8679\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u4ece\u9634\u5f71\u5230\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u518d\u4e0a\u5347\u81f3\u5fc3\u667a\u4e0e\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8bc1\u5165\u4e0d\u4e8c\u5883\u754c\u7684\u7075\u6027\u4e4b\u5706\u6ee1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u80af\u2022\u5a01\u5c14\u4f2f\u4ee5\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5f52\u7eb3\u7814\u7a76\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u5404\u5927\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u7075\u4fee\uff0c\u4e5f\u7edf\u5408\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u8d85\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u8bdd\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u5927\u7edf\u4e00\u573a\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u8d85\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u81ea1974\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u5386\u7ecf3\u5e74\u78e8\u783a\uff0c\u88ab33\u5bb6\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u62d2\u7edd\u53d1\u884c\u3002\u95ee\u4e16\u4e4b\u540e\u5374\u9707\u60ca\u4e16\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7ee7\u963f\u7f57\u9891\u591a\u300a\u795e\u5723\u4eba\u6027\u8bba\u300b\u3001\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u300a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u300b\u3001\u6000\u6d77\u5fb7\u300a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u5728\u300b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u672c\u54f2\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4ee3\u6574\u5408\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u7075\u4fee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

4\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u51ef\u5229<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u6280\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u51ef\u5229\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u89c2\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u7ebf\u8def\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6784\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u56e2\u4e71\u9ebb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eaf\u5230\u751f\u547d\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u5316\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u957f\u671f\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u201c\u79d1\u6280\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u6709\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u51ef\u5229\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u79d1\u6280\u768412\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u9020\u5927\u8111\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f97\u5bf8\u8fdb\u5c3a\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6536\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u5168\u7403\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u4ee3\u4ef7\u4fdd\u6301\u654f\u611f\u3002\u51ef\u5229\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u963f\u7c73\u4ec0\u201c\u65e9\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u201d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6279\u5224\u79d1\u6280\u81ea\u6211\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u51ef\u5229\u7684\u65b0\u79d1\u6280\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u503e\u542c\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u51fa\u8272\u5730\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u8fce\u63a5\u5fc5\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u79d1\u6280\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u878d\u5408\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a7e\u9a6d\u79d1\u6280\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u53d1\u6325\u6700\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u9075\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u957f\u671f\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5b83\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u9988\u8d60\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u51ef\u5229\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u60ca\u5730\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u6001\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u690d\u7269\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u3001\u771f\u83cc\u3001\u539f\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u771f\u7ec6\u83cc\u516d\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u548c\u8fd9\u516d\u79cd\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u60ca\u4eba\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6280\u672f\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u5dc5\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

5\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b80\u53f2\uff1a\u4ece\u52a8\u7269\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5c24\u74e6\u5c14\u00b7\u8d6b\u62c9\u5229<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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<\/h3>\n

6\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u5e73\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

7\u3001\u5168\u65b0\u601d\u7ef4<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u5e73\u514b<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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\u5e73\u514b\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u8d34\u5207\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u53f3\u8111\u201d\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u5de6\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u53f8\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u53f3\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u53f3\u8111\u601d\u7ef4\u7a81\u7136\u62a2\u8d70\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u76d8\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u6cb9\u95e8\u5411\u524d\u5954\u9a70\uff0c\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u53bb\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u600e\u6837\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u5728GPT\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u4f60\u591f\u5168\u65b0\u601d\u7ef4\u5417\uff1f\u4f60\u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8fc7\u5ba2\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e3b\u5bb0\u8005\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

8\u3001\u89e3\u60d1\uff1a\u5fc3\u667a\u6a21\u5f0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f60\u7684\u4e00\u751f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
E. F. \u8212\u9a6c\u8d6b<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

E\uff0eF\uff0e\u8212\u9a6c\u8d6b\u7528\u54f2\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u65c1\u5f81\u535a\u5f15\u5730\u9610\u660e\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u8ffd\u5bfb\u66f4\u5145\u5b9e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u5185\u5728\u624d\u667a\u548c\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u6536\u83b7\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u56db\u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5951\u5408\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u770b\u4ed6\u4eba\u3001\u770b\u4ed6\u4eba\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u770b\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u542f\u53d1\u5fc3\u667a\u6210\u957f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6307\u5f15\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u201c\u5185\u5fc3\u201d\u884c\u4e8b\u5e76\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5916\u754c\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u770b\u5f85\u4eba\u751f\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/h3>\n

9\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6096\u8bba\uff1a\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u89e3\u8bfb\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5df4\u91cc\u00b7\u65bd\u74e6\u8328<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
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\u6253\u7834\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u300a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6096\u8bba\u300b\u662f\u65bd\u74e6\u8328\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e7d\u9ed8\u98ce\u8da3\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5e78\u798f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u666e\u904d\u800c\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u6096\u8bba\u3002\u81ea2004\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4ee5\u6765\u597d\u8bc4\u5982\u6f6e\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8363\u767b\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u5546\u4e1a\u5468\u520a\u300b\u300a\u798f\u5e03\u65af\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5e74\u5ea6\u5341\u5927\u7545\u9500\u4e66\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4ee520\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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10\u3001\u521b\u9020\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff1a\u9886\u5148\u4f01\u4e1a\u6301\u7eed\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u91ce\u4e2d\u90c1\u6b21\u90ce(Ikujiro Nonaka) \/ \u7af9\u5185\u5f18\u9ad8(Hirotaka)<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u4f01\u4e1a\u6301\u7eed\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u521b\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u5219\u662f\u521b\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8ffd\u6c42\u57fa\u4e1a\u957f\u9752\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u91cd\u89c6\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u552f\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u2014\u2014\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8403\u53d6\u3001\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u518d\u9020\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u79ef\u7d2f\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u7684\u65e0\u5f62\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u7406 \u8bba\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u91ce\u4e2d\u90c1\u6b21\u90ce\u5173\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86SECI\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u505a\u4e86\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u65e5\u7f8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u501f\u52a9\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u79f0\u9738\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u4ea7\u54c1\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6b22\u8fce\u626b\u7801\u67e5\u770b\u6536\u85cf\u4e66\u5355\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7dPDF\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6536\u85cf\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6591\u56fe\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span>https:\/\/pattern.swarma.org\/article\/231?from=wechat<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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