{"id":49150,"date":"2024-03-23T19:56:04","date_gmt":"2024-03-23T11:56:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49150"},"modified":"2024-03-23T19:56:04","modified_gmt":"2024-03-23T11:56:04","slug":"%e5%a4%a7%e8%84%91%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%ba%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%ef%bc%9f%e4%bb%8e%e6%97%a0%e7%9b%91%e7%9d%a3%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%88%b0%e9%a2%84%e6%b5%8b%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%ef%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49150","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5efa\u6a21\uff1f\u4ece\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\uff5c\u300a\u9884\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Andy Clark<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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2. \u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u89c6\u89d2<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u8c08\u5230\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u884c\u52a8\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u53c8\u662f\u4ece\u54ea\u513f\u6765\u7684\uff1f\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08\u770b\u6765\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\uff09<\/span>\uff1f\u6bd5\u7adf\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u89c9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u5c06\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ecf\u7531\u611f\u89c9\u901a\u9053\u7684\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u77e5\u89c9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u552f\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5408\u7406\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u751f\u52a8\u77e5\u89c9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5426\u57fa\u4e8e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u8fd0\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9884\u671f\uff1f\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u52a8\u4eba\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u8bb8\u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u8bd5\u56fe\u9884\u6d4b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u8f93\u5165\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005<\/span>\uff08Rieke et al., 1997;Eliasmith, 2005\uff09<\/span>\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5c06\u52a8\u7269\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u90e8\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5f00\u7aef\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u5f53\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u820c\u5934\u6240\u53ca\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6709\u4e00\u53ea\u53ef\u53e3\u7684\u730e\u7269<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u53ea\u82cd\u8747\uff09<\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u9752\u86d9\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6fc0\u53d1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u730e\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u201c\u8868\u5f81\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5374\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8499\u853d\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u2014\u2014\u9752\u86d9<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\u5230\u5e95\u901a\u8fc7\u4f55\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u91c7\u7528\u201d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230\uff09<\/span>\u9752\u86d9\u672c\u8eab\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5916\u90e8\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5373\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u9752\u86d9\u6240\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u6709\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5728\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u900f\u8fc7\u9752\u86d9\u7684\u53cc\u773c\u770b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u8003\u8651\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f1a\u88ab\u9752\u86d9\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u82cd\u8747\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u9752\u86d9\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u611f\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u6270\u52a8\uff0c\u8be5\u6270\u52a8\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8bf8\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u5916\u90e8\u80fd\u91cf\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u5982Eliasmith<\/span>\uff082005, p. 102\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u5904\u4e8e\u672a\u77e5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u7ebf\u7d22\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002\u6211\u8981\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u540e\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\uff1a\u201c\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u8111\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u83b7\u53d6\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u800c\u52a0\u5de5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5916\u754c\u73af\u5883<\/span>\uff08\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u5b83\u6709\u591a\u997f\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba9\u52a8\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u6b64\u4ec5\u6307\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u201d<\/span>\uff08Eliasmith, 2005; Fair, 1979\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u667a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u5165\u65e0\u76ca\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8c08\u8bba\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8c08\u8bba\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4e24\u7801\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5927\u8111\u8981\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u51b3\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6307\u6d89\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c06\u80fd\u91cf\u523a\u6fc0\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6b63\u662f\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u5883\u5316\u7684\u5927\u8111\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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Eliasmith\u6307\u51fa\uff0cFitzhugh<\/span>\uff081958\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u7269\u89c6\u89d2\u201d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ec5\u4ece\u52a8\u7269\u795e\u7ecf\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u63a8\u65ad\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8bf1\u56e0\u3002Fitzhugh\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u523b\u610f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u4e8e\u53cd\u5e94\u8bf1\u56e0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u6b63\u5982\u5927\u8111\uff08\u6216\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u4ece\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u53f7\u63a8\u65ad\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u6837\uff0cFitzhugh\u60f3\u8981\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u786e\u5b9a\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u4ed6\u523b\u610f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4efb\u4f55\u6e90\u81ea\u201c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u786e\u5b9a\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u3002\uff08Eliasmith, 2005, p. 100\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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Fitzhugh\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5f88\u662f\u8270\u5de8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u5927\u8111\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5927\u8111\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u5176\u6e90\u5934\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u53d1\u73b0\u523a\u6fc0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u8bf1\u56e0\u3002\u5b83\u6240\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u6709\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u795e\u7ecf\u8109\u51b2\u5e8f\u5217\uff09<\/span>\u6d41\u52a8\u4e0e\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5982\u5bfc\u81f4\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4f53\u7531\u6b64\u5bf9\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u80fd\u91cf\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u8d77\u4f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7a0d\u540e\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u5404\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u523a\u6fc0\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u79cd\u523a\u6fc0\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u5177\u8eab\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u5883\u5316\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8017\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f85\u52a9\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u53cd\u5e94\uff1f\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u672c\u7ae0\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u5173\u5fc3\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5916\u754c\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u201c\u6620\u5c04\u201d<\/span>\uff08mapping\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u4f20\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u672c\u8eab\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90<\/span>\uff08\u4e16\u754c\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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3. \u81ea\u4e3e\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u770b\u4f3c\u65e0\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u671b\u67f3\u6697\u82b1\u660e\u3002\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u4e60\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u4e3a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u8001\u5e08\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5176\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u544a\u8bc9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u8be5\u518d\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4e3a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u8d56\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u8bef\u5dee\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u201d<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u5982Rumelhart, Hinton, & Williams, 1986a,b; Clark, 1989, 1993\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u201c\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/span>\uff08\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u8303\u7574\u5316\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/span>\uff08\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d34\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u9884\u5148\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u201c\u7ec3\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u9645\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08\u5373know-how\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u672a\u6765\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span>\uff08\u4eba\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u5b66\u4e60\uff09<\/span>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6743\u91cd\u6700\u521d\u662f\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u501f\u52a9\u8bad\u7ec3<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5207\u987a\u5229\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u671b\u9010\u6e10\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8981\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08PP\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u4e3b\u5f20\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u66f4\u5bbd\u6cdb\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u591a\u5c42\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e9e\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\u8c31\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6f14\u5316\u800c\u6765\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u8ba8\u8bba\u89c1McClelland, 2013\u53caZorzi et al., 2013\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5426\u8ba4\u4ec5\u51ed\u5bf9\u611f\u77e5\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u6311\u62e3\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u6709\u6548\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u56de\u8def\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u9010\u6e10\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u89c2\u70b9\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8868\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u8bb8\u591a<\/span>\uff08\u89c1Clark, 1993\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8054\u7ed3\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u78b0\u4e86\u9489\u5b50\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u3001\u5df2\u9884\u5148\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u96be\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8bef\u5dee\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u5c42\u7ea7\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u6070\u597d\u540c\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8003\u5bdf\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e72\u51c0\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u751f\u6001\u4e0a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u6eda\u52a8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u201d\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u8111<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8f6c\u5316\u73af\u5883\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u591f\u4fa6\u6d4b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u767b\u8bb0\u5668\u662f\u600e\u6837\u6301\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9884\u6d4b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u611f\u89c9\u767b\u8bb0\u5668\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u591a\u52a8\u7269\u4e5f\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6545\u4e8b\u5176\u5b9e\u6bd4\u5b83\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u6837\u5b50\u8981\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5c06\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u5f7c\u6b64\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b65\u9aa4\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e3b\u5f20\u5927\u8111\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6eda\u52a8\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u77e5\u89c9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u6c38\u8fdc\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u8fc7\u5f80<\/span>\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u63d0\u524d\u505a\u51fa\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u5f53\u4e0b\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u4e34\u8fd1\u672a\u6765\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u754c\u9650\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5206\u660e\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u767b\u8bb0\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u5c06\u53d7\u4f20\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u9a71\u52a8\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u76d1\u7763\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u5c24\u4e3a\u5f15\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6e90\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u9884\u89c1\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u65f6\u4e0d\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff09\u5a74\u513f\u662f\u600e\u6837\u795e\u5947\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8c8c\u4f3c\u5341\u5206\u8fdf\u949d\uff08Elman, Bates, Johnson, Karmiloff-Smith, Parisi, & Plunkett, 1996\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5a74\u513f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u9884\u89c1\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7531\u6b64\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u5efa\u6784\u8d77\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6a21\u578b\u3002\uff08O\u2019Reilly et al. \u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4p. 3\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u4ee5\u6b64\u89c2\u4e4b\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u4e0a\u9650\u81ea\u4e3e\u201d<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u9884\u6d4b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u597d\u5904\u7684\u3002\u800c\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6709\u6548\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u9884\u5224\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u672c\u8eab\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u6216\u5f62\u72b6\u4f1a\u7d27\u968f\u7740\u9884\u6d4b\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5730\u5f15\u5bfc\u81ea\u5df1\u5efa\u6784\u8d77\u5173\u4e8e\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u53c8\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u5f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u4e3e<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u89c1Robbins, 1956\uff09<\/span>\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u5c06\u53d8\u52a8\u4e0d\u5c45\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u53f7\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u53ef\u5f97\u7684\u3001\u201c\u81ea\u4e3e\u53cb\u597d\u201d\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u52a0\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u6177\u6168\u800c\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7740\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u4e0b\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u4f20\u5165\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u751f\u6001\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u5f71\u50cf\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u6355\u98df\u8005\u6216\u730e\u7269\uff09<\/span>\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5148\u8fdb\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u201c\u770b\u89c1\u201d\u684c\u4e0a\u7684\u5496\u5561\uff0c\u6216\u9884\u89c1\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08learning algorithms\uff09<\/span>\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4f20\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u539f\u56e0<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u201c\u6f5c\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u9a71\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6240\u5728\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u89c4\u5f8b\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u5404\u7c7b\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u8fdc\u56e0\u3002\u611f\u77e5\u9884\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u800c\u8a00\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u7684\u7a81\u7834<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6700\u521d\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8eHelmholz<\/span>\uff081860\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u77e5\u89c9\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6982\u7387\u6027\u7684\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Helmholz\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u6548\u5e94\u63a8\u65ad\u5176\u73b0\u5b9e\u8bf1\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u611f\u77e5\u4e3b\u4f53\u8981\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u8bf1\u56e0\u62bc\u6ce8\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\u624d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u611f\u53d7\u5668\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u68d8\u624b\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u65f6\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u597d\u51e0\u5957\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8bf1\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u56e0\u7684\u5f7c\u6b64\u5dee\u5f02\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5176<\/span>\uff08\u60c5\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u53d7Helmholz\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u542f\u8fea\uff0cMacKay<\/span>\uff081956\uff09<\/span>\u3001Neisser<\/span>\uff081967\uff09<\/span>\u548cGregory<\/span>\uff081980\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\u201d<\/span>\uff08analysis-by-synthesis\uff0c\u89c1Yuille&Kersten, 2006\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d1e\u89c1\u5f15\u9886\u4e86\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e0e<\/span>\uff08\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u201cHelmholz\u673a\u5668\u201d<\/span>\uff08Dayan et al., 1995; Dayan & Hinton, 1996; Hinton&Zemel, 1994\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u201cHelmholz\u673a\u5668\u201d<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5148\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b83\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4e0b\u884c\u6216\u6a2a\u5411\u5185\u90e8\u8fde\u63a5\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201d\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u201c\u4e60\u5f97\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u4f20\u5165\u523a\u6fc0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u770b\u4f3c\u4e00\u9879\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u624d\u80fd\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u4f20\u5165\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u5f53\u4e0b\u6b63\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8bf8\u97f3\u8282\u5f7c\u6b64\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51ed\u7a7a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u8bed\u97f3\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u80fd\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u58f0\u97f3\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u8f93\u51fa\u5176\u8bed\u97f3\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u578b\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u8be5\u4ece\u4f55\u5904\u7740\u624b\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u201c\u9010\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u4ece\u4e24\u5904\u540c\u65f6\u7740\u624b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84\u4ee5\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u5b9e\u65bd\u201c\u65e0\u4e0a\u9650\u81ea\u4e3e\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u9898\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4eba\u4eec\u4e3a\u6b64\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u7761\u7720-\u89c9\u9192\u6cd5<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08wake-sleep algorithm\uff0c\u89c1Hinton et al., 1995\uff09<\/span>\u6700\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba9\u8bc6\u522b<\/span>\uff08recognition\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u751f\u6210<\/span>\uff08generation\uff09<\/span>\u4efb\u52a1\u5f7c\u6b64\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u8bc4\u4f30<\/span>\uff08iterative estimation\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u8f6e\u66ff\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e24\u7ec4\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e60\u5f97\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u201c\u7761\u7720-\u89c9\u9192\u6cd5\u201d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e0b\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u9690\u85cf\u5355\u5143\u7684\u7406\u60f3<\/span>\uff08\u76ee\u6807\uff09<\/span>\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5bf9\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u501f\u52a9\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u81ea\u884c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6216\u2014\u2014\u5982\u6709\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u201c\u51ed\u7a7a\u751f\u6210\u201d\u7279\u5b9a\u611f\u89c9\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u53ea\u542b\u6709\u968f\u673a\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4f4e\u503c\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb<\/span>\uff08\u89c1Hinton, 2007a\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u63a8\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf1\u56e0\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u6355\u6349\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f20\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ed3\u6784\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u89c6\u77e5\u89c9\u7684\u6982\u7387\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u63a8\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u56e0\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u6355\u6349\u8f83\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u523a\u6fc0\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u7f51\u819c\u523a\u6fc0\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u7f51\u819c\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u9ad8\u5c42\u8868\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u5ba2\u4f53\u3001\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u7ea7<\/span>\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u8d28\u5730\u548c\u8fb9\u7f18\u7ec4\u5408\u53ca\u53d8\u5316\uff09<\/span>\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9690\u85cf\u8bf1\u56e0\u7684\u7ec4\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff09<\/span>\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u50a8\u5907\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u611f\u77e5\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u501f\u6b64\u77e5\u89c9\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u53d6\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u89c6\u89d2\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5176\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u9884\u7ed3\u6784\u5316<\/span>\uff08pre-structuring\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u8bba\u5b83\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4f55\u79cd\u9762\u8c8c\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u611f\u53d7\u5668\u6240\u767b\u8bb0\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u5229\u7528\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u6301\u7eed\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u611f\u77e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e3a\u52a8\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u884c\u548c\u6a2a\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u91cd\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u8bf1\u56e0\u7f16\u7801\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8bc6\u522b\u5ba2\u4f53\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u8fdc\u56e0\uff09<\/span>\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ea4\u4e92\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210<\/span>\uff08\u4ea6\u5373\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\uff09<\/span>\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0<\/span>\uff08\u89c1Dayan, 1997; Dayan et al., 1995; Hinton et al., 1995; Hinton & Ghahramani, 1997; Hinton & Zemel, 1994;  Kawato et al., 1993; Mumford, 1994; Olshausen & Field, 1996\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u77e5\u89c9\u201c\u591a\u5c42\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08hierarchical predictive coding\uff09<\/span>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/span>\uff08Friston, 2005; Lee & Mumford, 2003; Rao & Ballard, 1999\uff09<\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u51ed\u501f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u8054<\/span>\uff08deep multilevel cascade\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08world knowledge\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u501f\u52a9\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u81ea\u884c\u751f\u6210\u611f\u77e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/span>\u591a\u5c42\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u6216\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08Clark, 2013\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u6982\u7387\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6848<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6848<\/span>\uff08\u5b83\u4eec\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u201c\u7ebf\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u6216\u6a2a\u5411\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u59cb\u7ec8<\/span>\uff08\u800c\u975e\u4ec5\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff09<\/span>\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u5f53\u4e0b\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u6d77\u91cf\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u611f\u77e5\u5f39\u5e55\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u524d\u9988\u5730\u4f20\u64ad\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u89c1Brown et al., 2011; Friston, 2005, 2010; Hohwy, 2013; Huang & Rao, 2011; Jehee& Ballard, 2009; Lee & Mumford, 2003; Rao & Ballard, 1999\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5982\u679c<\/span>\uff08\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f88\u5feb\u8bba\u53ca\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u673a\u5236\u8f6c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5219\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4efb\u4f55\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08Feldman & Friston, 2010\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span>\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u662f\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u95f4\u7684\u5931\u5339\u914d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08mismatch\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u201c\u60ca\u5f02\u201d<\/span><\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u6216\u4e3a\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u3001\u5bcc\u542b\u4e3b\u89c2\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u610f\u5916<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08surprisal\uff0c\u89c1Tribus, 1961\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f15\u5165\u8be5\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6cbf\u7528\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u4e4b\u5904\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u7a0d\u540e\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8be5\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u591a\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6982\u7387\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u6837\u3001\u5bf9\u60c5\u5883\u6781\u4e3a\u654f\u611f<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u5c06\u770b\u5230\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5728\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u8054\u4e2d\u6574\u5408\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u548c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801<\/span><\/strong>\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\uff08\u76f8\u5173\u5386\u53f2\u89c1Shi&Sun, 1999\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e00\u7c7b\u57fa\u672c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u4f20\u8f93\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u5176\u90bb\u8fd1\u50cf\u7d20\u70b9\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u9664\u5374\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u56fe\u50cf\u67d0\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5982\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec5\u5bf9\u610f\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53d8\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u504f\u79bb\u4e4b\u5904\uff09<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5145\u5206\u77e5\u60c5\u201d\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u88c5\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u539f\u5219\u662f\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u50cf\u7d20\u70b9\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7070\u5ea6\u503c\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08\u8fdb\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\u7684\u504f\u79bb\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u91cf\u5316\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u7b56\u7565\u5927\u5927\u8282\u7ea6\u4e86\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u800c\u8282\u7ea6\u5e26\u5bbd\u6b63\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3James Flanagan\u548c\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u52aa\u529b\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u201d\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u7ec3\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u91cd\u73b0\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u58f0\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u8bf8\u5982\u5f71\u50cf\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u7801\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u5728\u6784\u6210\u5f71\u50cf\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u5f53\u524d\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f71\u50cf\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u67d0\u7269\u4f53\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u80cc\u666f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u524d\u4e00\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u9664\u5374\u88ab\u906e\u6321\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u955c\u5934\u5e73\u79fb\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7269\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u8c13\u8fd0\u52a8\u8865\u507f\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u5f53\u524d\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\u91cc\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6761\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8baf\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5927\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u201c\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e24\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u3001\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6b8b\u4f59\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u8bef\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u524d\u88ab\u906e\u6321\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u7a81\u7136\u610f\u5916\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8bc0\u7a8d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u964d\u4f4e\u5f53\u524d\u7f16\u7801\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u63a5\u6536\u88c5\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201d\u9884\u6d4b\u6216\u671f\u671b\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u88c5\u7f6e\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u5176\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u91cd\u5efa\u4f20\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5c31\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u5907\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4ee5\u8282\u7ea6\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5e26\u5bbd<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u7a97\u5e18\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f7b\u8f7b\u6447\u6643\uff0c\u4f60\u7acb\u523b\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u662f\u5fc3\u7231\u7684\u5c0f\u732b\u5c0f\u72d7\u5728\u540e\u5934\u6363\u4e71<\/span>\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u9635\u98ce\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u5728\u5229\u7528\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u5b8c\u6210\u611f\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u8282\u7ea6\u4e86\u4f60\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f16\u7801\u53ca\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5c42\u53cc\u5411\u7ea7\u8054\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u77e5\u89c9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff09<\/span>\u5bf9\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u731c\u6d4b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u731c\u6d4b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u7f16\u7801\u76ee\u6807\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u540e\u8005\u592a\u5360\u7528\u5e26\u5bbd\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6240\u6709\u524d\u9988\u8bef\u5dee\u4fe1\u53f7\u90fd\u88ab\u6d88\u9664\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u867d\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e0b\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u4f20\u5165\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u800c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u624d\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5339\u914d<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u7a0d\u540e\u5c06\u770b\u5230\uff09<\/span>\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u52a8\u7269\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u7684\u524d\u9988\u626b\u63cf\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4f4e\u7a7a\u95f4\u9891\u7387\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u7ebf\u7d22\u9ad8\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u573a\u666f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u8d28\u6216\u201c\u4e3b\u65e8\u201d<\/span>\uff08gist\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e00\u6ce2\u6ce2\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6301\u7eed\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u6b8b\u4f59\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u4fe1\u53f7\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u4e5f\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u89c2\u4e4b\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5927\u8111\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb\u3001\u9010\u6b65\u7ec6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u7531\u5f53\u524d\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u53cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u671f\u671b\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08\u4e0d\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u89c1\u3001\u6240\u95fb\u548c\u6240\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u300a\u9884\u6d4b\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5177\u8eab\u667a\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u300b<\/span><\/section>\n
\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff082020\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
Clark, Andy, Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied Mind<\/em> <\/span><\/section>\n


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\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u68a6\u5883\u3001\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5f53\u771f\u53ea\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u4f60\u6211\u9885\u8154\u4e2d\u90a3\u56e2\u201c\u91cd\u7ea63\u78c5\u7684\u8089\u8d28\u5668\u5b98\u201d\u5417\uff1f\u591c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u7684\u8759\u8760\u3001\u6c99\u53d1\u4e0a\u7684\u732b\u3001\u8239\u8237\u8fb9\u7684\u6d77\u8c5a\u662f\u5426\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u53c8\u4f1a\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u5927\u8111\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u73af\u5883\u5982\u4f55\u5f7c\u6b64\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u4ee5\u601d\u7d22\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u795e\u79d8\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u795e\u79d8\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u6f14\u5316\u8bba\u540e\u53c8\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u671b\u56ca\u62ec\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002<\/span>\u5bf9\u7ec8\u6781\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5b66\u7b49\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u6c47\u5904\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5b89\u8fea\u30fb\u514b\u62c9\u514b<\/span><\/strong>\uff08Andy Clark\uff09\uff1a\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u7231\u4e01\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3002\ufeff\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u542b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u5177\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5b66\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u5fc3\u667a\u3002<\/span>
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\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u7406\u8bba\u540e\u6700\u5305\u7f57\u4e07\u8c61\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u3001\u751f\u7269\u548c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\u51fa\u53d1\u89e3\u91ca\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u66f4\u65b0\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08AGI\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u542f\u53d1\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u8054\u5408\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u725f\u7267\u4e91\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5927\u5b66\u526f\u6559\u6388\u4f55\u771f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9aa5\u667a\u667a\u80fd\u79d1\u6280\u7b97\u6cd5\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u3001\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 CreateAMind \u4e3b\u7f16\u5f20\u5fb7\u7965\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\u300d\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8111\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\u7406\u8bba\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u4ea4\u53c9\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u80cc\u540e\u8574\u542b\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u539f\u7406\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ece3\u670810\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u65e5\u4e0a\u534810:00-12:00\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba18-10\u5468\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u539f\u7406<\/a><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong>\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\uff1a\u4e07\u7269\u89e3\u91ca\u8005<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u957f\u6587\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u3001\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
3.<\/strong>  \u795e\u7ecf\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7ecf\u5178\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u590d\u6742\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/strong>\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u5927\u8111\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7406\u8bba<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
5. <\/strong><\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
6.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
7. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a <\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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