{"id":49159,"date":"2024-03-24T16:43:53","date_gmt":"2024-03-24T08:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49159"},"modified":"2024-03-24T16:43:53","modified_gmt":"2024-03-24T08:43:53","slug":"%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%b9%b6%e9%9d%9e%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e8%ae%ba%e6%9c%80%e5%88%9d%e7%9a%84%e6%84%bf%e6%99%af-%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e8%ae%ba%e6%a0%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49159","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6700\u521d\u7684\u613f\u666f\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f15\u5165"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n

\u5bfc\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\u4ee5\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6765\u79f0\u8c13\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e2\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u53c8\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u6765\u81ea\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u638c\u8235\u4eba\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014Norbert Wiener, Cybernetics, 1948, P11<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u662f\u5173\u952e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u8054\u5408\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u6570\u5b66\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u591a\u4f4d\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5b66\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u505a\u6df1\u5ea6\u79d1\u666e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u4e60\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u4e86\u89e3\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6b64\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5171\u8ba110\u8282\uff0c\u4ece2024\u5e744\u67082\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u665a19:00-21:00\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\u5927\u76ee\u5996<\/span> <\/span>| \u6765\u6e90<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/span>\uff08cybernetics\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4ece\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08dynamics\uff09<\/span>\u89c6\u89d2\u901a\u8fc7\u300c\u8fde\u7eed\u8f93\u5165-\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\u300d\u8003\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8087\u7aef\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7531\u8bfa\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7ef4\u7eb3<\/span>\uff08Norbert Wiener\uff09<\/span>\u57281948\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u8131\u80ce\u4e8e\u7ef4\u7eb3\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u65b9\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u706b\u70ae\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c \u800c\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u578b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u53ea\u8003\u8651\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9762\u76f8<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u72ed\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5df2\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u300c\u786c\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u2014\u6216\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u63a8\u53ca\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7ef4\u7eb3\u57281948\u5e74\u8ba4\u4e3a\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u50cf\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7531\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8054\u7ed3\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u53cd\u9988\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8d77\u7740\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u300d<\/span>\uff08Norbert Wiener, 1948\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ed6\u5374\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u300c\u6cbb\u6108\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u75c5\u4e0d\u62b1\u592a\u591a\u5e0c\u671b\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6885\u897f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a<\/span>\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u63071946\uff5e1953\u95f4\u7684\u5341\u6b21\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u5173\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e7f\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7b49\u300c\u8f6f\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u57281949\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e4f\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5176\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u7559\u7740\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u300c\u786c\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u300c\u72ed\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u3002
<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

1. \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u7f8e\u82cf<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c1946\u5e74\uff5e1953\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u6bd4\u514b\u66fc\u9152\u5e97\u7684\u6885\u897f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u5341\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u7ef4\u7eb3\u5728\u7535\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u5730\u5e26\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7565\u663e\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6c83\u4f26\u00b7S\u00b7\u9ea6\u5361\u6d1b\u514b<\/span>\uff08Warren S. McCulloch\uff09<\/span>\u7cbe\u5fc3\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u8bae\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4ea4\u950b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6df7\u5408\u6210\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c1948\u5e74\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u540e\u76845\u6b21\u6885\u897f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u9898\u4e5f\u7531\u300c\u751f\u7269\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u56e0\u679c\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u300d\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u752b\u4e00\u6210\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5728\u8fd9\u51e0\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u9ad8\u9891\u601d\u60f3\u4ea4\u950b\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u591a\u5143\u800c\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u90fd\u96be\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4f1a\u8bae\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5173\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5374\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u79d1\u3002
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u200d\u200d\u200d\u200d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u9636\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u6d77\u56e0\u8328\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u540e\u6765\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u4e00\u7ec4\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u8d77\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u300d<\/span>\uff08Heinz von Foerster\uff0c1951\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u5176\u6700\u521d\u8bde\u751f\u7684\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u300c\u63d0\u51fa\u2014\u2014\u786e\u7acb\u2014\u2014\u6269\u5c55\u2014\u2014\u8017\u6563\u300d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u90fd\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u4f46\u5374\u4e0d\u518d\u7ee7\u627f\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1947\u5e74\u6885\u897f\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u4f1a\u8bae\u5408\u5f71\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\u62c9\u5c14\u592b\u00b7W\u00b7\u6770\u62c9\u5fb7\u3001\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\uff0c\u6d77\u8335\u8328\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\u3001\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u00b7K\u00b7\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u3001\u8bfa\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7ef4\u7eb3\u3001\u6d77\u56e0\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u514b\u5415\u5f17\u3001\u83ab\u5229\u00b7\u54c8\u7f57\u5c14<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u53ef\u8c13\u4e00\u6ce2\u4e09\u6298\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5708\u5b50\u5185\u6d41\u4f20\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u53cd\u9988\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5374\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76f8\u6096\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u53cd\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5377\u5165\u4e86\u837c\u6bd2\u82cf\u8054\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u754c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u66f4\u662f\u88ab\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u65a5\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4f2a\u79d1\u5b66\u3002
<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5c31\u57281953\u5e74\u540e\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u7684\u300c\u89e3\u51bb\u300d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u53d1\u751f\u4e86180\u5ea6\u7684\u8f6c\u5f2f\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5148\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u65b9\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u663e\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u76f4\u63a5\u4fc3\u6210\u4e861960\u5e74\u7ef4\u7eb3\u8bbf\u82cf\u3002\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u572860\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u548c\u516c\u5171\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u72c2\u70ed\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u300c\u5e7f\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6548\u7528\u4e5f\u88ab\u65e0\u9650\u5938\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6295\u673a\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53cd\u800c\u4f7f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5148\u524d\u88ab\u6279\u5224\u7684\u300c\u4f2a\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u3002\u800c\u82cf\u8054\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5148\u9a71\u5b89\u7eb3\u6258\u5229\u00b7\u57fa\u6258\u592b<\/span>\uff08Anatoly Kitov\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u683c\u9c81\u4ec0\u79d1\u592b<\/span>\uff08Victor Glushkov\uff09<\/span>\u5148\u540e\u63d0\u51fa\u7684EASU<\/span>\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\u548cOGAS<\/span>\uff08\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5728\u8206\u8bba\u8bef\u89e3\u548c\u5b98\u50da\u7cfb\u7edf\u60f0\u6027\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\u4e4b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u53cd\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u5176\u8bde\u751f\u5730\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002\u51b7\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e2\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u963f\u5e15\u7f51\u7b49\u519b\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u8fd9\u95e8\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u65b9\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u6487\u6e05\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u6f29\u6da1\u548c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4f59\u6ce2\u4e2d\u88ab\u6253\u4e0a\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u70d9\u5370\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u4e86\u9c9c\u6709\u95ee\u6d25\u7684\u51b7\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1960\u5e74\u7ef4\u7eb3\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u4e0e\u5229\u4e9a\u666e\u8bfa\u592b\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u7f8e\u82cf\u7684\u906d\u9047\u867d\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5411\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u6563\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u56de\u770b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6210\u578b\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u5e26\u6709\u7684\u300c\u666e\u904d\u7406\u8bba\u300d\u57fa\u56e0\u51e0\u4e4e\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09<\/span>\u5411\u5916\u8017\u6563\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc5\u7136\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u300c\u5f53\u524d\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u539f\u7406\uff1b\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u300d<\/span>\uff08Claus Pias\uff0c2016\uff09<\/span>\u3002
<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

2. \u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5927\u7ea6\u53d1\u751f\u572870\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u30021983\u5e74\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5728\u4e0e\u5b8b\u5065\u5408\u8457\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u4ed6\u57281955\u5e74\u539f\u7248\u4e2d\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55\u8bc1\u660e\u7ef4\u7eb31948\u5e74\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u3002\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u5206\u7684\u4e50\u89c2\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b79\u5b66\u5df2\u7528\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5e76\u975e\u59cb\u4e8e\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u59cb\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u90c1\u8363<\/span>\uff08\u7ef4\u7eb3\u662f\u4ed6\u5728MIT\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff09<\/span>\uff0c1936\u5e74\u4ed6\u9080\u8bf7\u7ef4\u7eb3\u6765\u5230\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u7cfb\u548c\u7535\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7ed3\u675f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u884c\u8fd4\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u66fe\u63a8\u52a8\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u8bbf\u95ee\u6e05\u534e\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u53ea\u5f97\u4f5c\u7f62\u3002\u674e\u90c1\u8363\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u56e0\u6218\u4e89\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1936\u5e74\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7535\u673a\u7cfb\u6559\u5e08\u5408\u5f71\uff0c\u674e\u90c1\u8363\uff08\u524d\u6392\u5de6\u4e8c\uff09\u7ef4\u7eb3\uff08\u524d\u6392\u5de6\u56db\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u800c1955\u5e74\u624d\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5c06\u300c\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300d\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u200d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff0c\u300c\u5bfc\u5f39\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5236\u5bfc\u7684\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u6709\u5173\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u4fef\u4ef0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4f3a\u670d\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u53cd\u9988\u56de\u8def\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u300d<\/span>\uff08Dylan Levi King\uff0c2004\uff09<\/span>1950\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u88ab\u5377\u5165\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u98ce\u6ce2\uff0c\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u63a5\u89e6\u519b\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u5f53\u5c40\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e86\u4e94\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u64b0\u5199\u4e86Engineering Cybernetics\u4e00\u4e66\u30021955\u5e74\u5f52\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u8be5\u4e66\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4ee5\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Ludwig Prandtl\u3001\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u3001\u5308\u7259\u5229\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Theodore von K\u00e1rm\u00e1n\uff0c1945\u5e745\u6708<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1960\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u6b63\u5f0f\u505c\u6b62\u5bf9\u534e\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u5f52\u56fd\u540e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6070\u597d\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u56fd\u9632\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u6838\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u5f39\u9053\u5bfc\u5f39\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74\u5185\u5c31\u6210\u529f\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u4e86\u6c22\u5f39\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u548c\u536b\u661f\u7684\u8fd0\u8f7d\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u91cd\u8fd4\u516c\u4f17\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u300c\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u300d\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c1978\u5e74\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u300c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u300d\u6574\u5408\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u548c\u8fd0\u7b79\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u30021984\u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u56fd\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684\u5b8b\u5065\u8ba4\u4e3a\u300c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u300d\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u80cc\u540e\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c01\u5efa\u793e\u4f1a\u8d85\u7a33\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u300b<\/span>\uff08\u91d1\u89c2\u6d9b\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6682\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bba\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u548c\u8fd0\u7b79\u5b66\u7684\u5305\u542b\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c31\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bdd\u8bed\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u7edf\u5408\u5728\u300c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u300d\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e3a1983\u5e74\u4fee\u8ba2\u7248\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u65b0\u4f5c\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u5916\u505a\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8017\u6563\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6d41\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08control theory\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7b49\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u4e0e\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/span>\uff08cybernetics\uff09<\/span>\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

3. \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u6cbb\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u300c\u5de5\u7a0b\u300d\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u53cd\u800c\u8ba9\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u4eba\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u300c\u9884\u6d4b\u300d\u548c\u300c\u6cbb\u7406\u300d\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6548\u7528\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b49\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1978\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e03\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u81ea\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u8054\u5408\u4f1a<\/span>\uff08IFAC\uff09<\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u4f1a\u5728\u8d6b\u5c14\u8f9b\u57fa\u4e3e\u529e\uff0c\u5b8b\u5065\u4e0e\u9648\u7ff0\u99a5\u3001\u6768\u5609\u5880\u7b49\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ec4\u56e2\u524d\u5f80\u3002\u8377\u5170\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u60e0\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5938\u514b\u7eb3\u514b<\/span>\uff08Huibert Kwakernaak\uff09<\/span>\u5173\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5b8b\u5065\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5f52\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u5b8b\u5065\u7740\u624b\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u4eba\u53e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u300d\uff0c\u4f9d\u6258\u56fd\u5bb6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5efa\u7acb\u7efc\u5408\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u751f\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u57282000\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u52301.7\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u6574\u4f53\u51fa\u751f\u7387<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u80b21.7\u540d\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u5b8b\u5065\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u53c2\u6570\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u5c06\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u57282100\u5e74\u8fbe\u52307\u4ebf\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u6570\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5b8b\u5065\uff0c1989\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e861980\u5e74\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u63a8\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5938\u514b\u7eb3\u514b\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u53e3\u6700\u4f18\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u65e0\u7591\u90fd\u662f\u89c4\u6a21\u6781\u5927\u7684\u300c\u6781\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u300d<\/span>\uff08exceedingly complex system\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u6781\u591a\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u6781\u590d\u6742\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6027\u6781\u9ad8\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5177\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0<\/span>\uff08Stafford Beer\uff0c1959\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u4e3a\u6b64\u7c7b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u9884\u6d4b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6770\u4f0a\u00b7\u5f17\u96f7\u65af\u7279<\/span>\uff08Jay Forrester\uff09<\/span>1971\u5e74\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u300b<\/span>\uff08World Dynamics<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u5019\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u4e16\u754c\u5e74\u9274<\/span>\uff08\u7eb8\u8d28\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5982\u4eca\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u8981\u6bd4\u4ed6\u9884\u60f3\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u5bf9\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u9ad8\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1<\/span>\uff08\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff0csensor\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u8c03\u63a7\u624b\u6bb5<\/span>\uff08\u6548\u5e94\u5668\uff0ceffectors\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u65f6\u6548\u6027\u6781\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u4ece\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u6c47\u603b\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u5931\u771f\u7684\u300c\u672a\u6765\u300d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u3001\u5206\u6563\u7684\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u79cd\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u5168\u9762\u4e14\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u5931\u7075\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6548\u5e94\u5668\u65e0\u6548\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u56de\u5230\u7ef4\u7eb3\u5173\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u793e\u4f1a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u300c\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u957f\u671f\u6d4b\u91cf\u2026\u2026\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5c11\u5408\u7406\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u91cf\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002\u300d\uff08Norbert Wiener, 1948\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b97\u529b\u7a81\u98de\u731b\u8fdb\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u4e3a\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u70ed\u5ff1\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u71c3\u8d77\u3002\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u9884\u6d4b\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u672a\u6765\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5982\u4eca\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u8d77\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u300d\uff08control\uff09\u5e76\u975e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff08cyberbetics\uff09\u6700\u521d\u7684\u613f\u666f\u3002\u514b\u52b3\u65af\u00b7\u76ae\u4e9a\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u300c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u672a\u6765\u300d\u7684\u300c\u5e7b\u60f3\u822c\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4fe1\u5ff5\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u9057\u4ea7\u300d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n
\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u662f\u5173\u952e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u8054\u5408\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u6570\u5b66\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u591a\u4f4d\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5b66\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u505a\u6df1\u5ea6\u79d1\u666e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u4e60\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5c06\u4e86\u89e3\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6b64\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5171\u8ba110\u8282\uff0c\u4ece2024\u5e744\u67082\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u665a19:00-21:00\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e0a\u8bfe\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\uff01<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n
\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a
<\/span><\/section>\n
2024\u5f00\u5e74\u91cd\u78c5\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a><\/span>
<\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong>\u65b0\u5e74\u968f\u7b14\uff1a\u4ece\u300a\u4f60\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u8bba<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
2.<\/strong> \u90ed\u96f7\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65<\/a><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u6ce2\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u73b0\u4ee3\u63a7\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u5148\u9a71\u4e28\u9648\u5173\u8363<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/strong>5.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u4ee5\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529b\u5b66\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u6765\u79f0\u8c13\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e2\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4e2d\u53c8\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u6765\u81ea\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u638c\u8235\u4eba\u300d\u3002 \u2014\u2014Norbert Wiener, Cybernetics, 1948,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":49151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49159"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=49159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/49151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=49159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=49159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=49159"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=49159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}