{"id":49873,"date":"2024-04-12T21:45:19","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T13:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49873"},"modified":"2024-04-12T21:45:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T13:45:19","slug":"%e5%af%b9%e7%a7%b0%e6%80%a7%e7%a0%b4%e7%bc%ba%e4%b8%8e%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%af%b9%e7%a7%b0%e6%80%a7%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b8%ae%e5%8a%a9%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e5%92%8c%e6%99%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=49873","title":{"rendered":"\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u4e0e\u6d8c\u73b0\uff1a\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u548c\u667a\u80fd\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff08Symmetry\uff09\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u90fd\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u8bf8\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u5171\u6709\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u662f\u725b\u987f\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3001\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1b\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1b\u5728\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u53d1\u80b2\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6f14\u5316\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u67d0\u79cd\u53d8\u6362\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65cb\u8f6c\u3001\u5e73\u79fb\u6216\u53cd\u5c04\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u6362\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u540c\u6837\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n


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The Royal Society \u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7279\u520a\u300c\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u5fc3\u667a\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u300d\u5728\u5bfc\u8a00\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c<\/strong>\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u76f8\u53d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6db2\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\u6210\u56fa\u4f53\u65f6\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u94c1\u78c1\u4f53\u7684\u78c1\u5316\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u65cb\u8f6c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u7834\u7f3a\u3002\u4ece\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6df1\u5165\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6d8c\u73b0\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u751f\u547d\u3001\u5fc3\u667a\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7b49\u201c\u6d3b\u7684\u201d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u81ea\u7279\u520a\u5bfc\u8a00\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u6b64\u524d\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u7279\u520a\u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6df1\u5165\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u8be6\u60c5\u89c1\u6587\u672b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
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Adam Safron\uff0cDalton A. R. Sakthivadivel\uff0cZahra Sheikhbahaee\uff0cMagnus Bein\uff0cAdeel Razi\uff0cMichael Levin<\/span><\/span> <\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6c6a\u663e\u610f<\/span> <\/span>| \u8bd1\u8005<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6731\u6b23\u6021\u3001\u5218\u57f9\u6e90<\/span> <\/span>| \u5ba1\u6821<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Making and breaking symmetries in mind and life<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rsfs.2023.0015<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u591a\u6837\u7684\u7279\u520a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a<\/span>\uff08\u4ece\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5230\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d1\u80b2\u548c\u7269\u79cd\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09<\/span>\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5728\u590d\u6742\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08complex adaptive systems\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u8bc1\u660e\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u9610\u660e\u751f\u547d\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u770b\u4f3c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba<\/span><\/strong>\uff08gauge theory\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u4e00[8]\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5197\u4f59\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5c40\u90e8\u6539\u53d8\u8be5\u91cf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u91cf\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027<\/span>\uff08abstract symmetry\uff09<\/span>[9-11]\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u7684\u5f62\u53d8\u53ef\u770b\u4f5c\u201c\u865a\u62df\u7684\u201d\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u865a\u62df\u529b\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6765\u6062\u590d\u5197\u4f59\u91cf\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5197\u4f59\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5305\u62ec\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u4e2d\u5c06\u5f15\u529b\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u65f6\u7a7a\u66f2\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u65a5\u529b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u865a\u62df\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u201c\u865a\u62df\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u529b\u5b58\u5728[12]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u65e9\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5c06\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u5bfc\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08goal-seeking systems\uff09<\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5927\u8111\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08hierarchical information processing\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u6700\u5c0f\u5316<\/span>\uff08prediction-error minimization\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406<\/strong><\/span>\uff08FEP-AIF\uff0cthe free energy principle and active inference\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a[9,13-15]\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08attracting states\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u5404\u79cd\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u5426\u6301\u7eed\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u5fc3\u667a\u56e0\u679c\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08mental causality\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8d85\u8d8a\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u865a\u62df\u529b\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\uff09<\/span>[16]\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u60c5\u611f\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08symmetry theory of valence\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u5fc3\u667a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u9002\u5f53\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u5bf9\u79f0\u6216\u66f4\u5c11\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u72b6\u6001[17-19]\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7279\u520a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u91cd\u8981\uff1f<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u9759\u606f\u6001\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8c03\u548c\u51fd\u6570\uff09<\/span>\u201d[20]\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u80fd\u5426\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u97f3\u4e50[21]\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u523a\u6fc0[22]\u6216\u4e0e\u81f4\u5e7b\u5242\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ff7\u5e7b\u72b6\u6001[23,24]\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\uff1f\u201d\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u667a\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u201c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad[25,26]\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u8ba4\u77e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u201c\u52aa\u529b\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5fc3\u6d41\u201d[27-29]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u4ece\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861<\/span>\uff08detailed balance\uff09<\/span>\u539f\u5219\u65f6[27,30]\u548c\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\u7834\u574f\u65f6\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba[31]\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u7834\u574f<\/span>\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u975e\u96f6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d[32]\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u611f\u77e5\u4e0d\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\u504f\u7f6e\u7684\u7528\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4[33\uff0c34]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d7\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u542f\u53d1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u80fd\u5426\u63ed\u793a\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u51e1\u667a\u80fd\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u539f\u7406\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u4eba\u7c7b\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65<\/span><\/strong>\uff1f\u81ea\u7136\u5b88\u6052\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u548c\u66f4\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5[35\uff0c36]\uff1f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u5230\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5177\u5907 \u201c\u7cfb\u7edf2\u201d\u8ba4\u77e5<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u77e5\u7406\u89e3[37\uff0c38]\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u751a\u6216\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u4ea7\u751f\u7a33\u5b9a\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6700\u597d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1f\u6362\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u5177\u5907\u600e\u6837\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u201c\u4f18\u52bf\u201d\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9884\u6d4b\u6216\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6216\u6709\u6548\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u6070\u6070\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u751f\u7269\u60c5\u611f\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u57fa\u7840[39-41]\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u504f\u597d\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5173\u7cfb[42]\uff0c<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f62\u6001\u53d1\u751f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08morphogenesis\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u548c\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/span><\/strong>\uff08self-organization\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u4e0e\u751f\u547d\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6709\u5173\u7684\u524d\u7406\u8bba\u76f4\u89c9<\/span>\uff08pre-theoretic intuitions\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u6d3b\u529b<\/span>\uff08elan vital\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u548c\u201c\u751f\u547d\u529b<\/span>\uff08life force\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u90e8\u5206\u6e90\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49[43\uff0c44]\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u521b\u9020<\/span>\uff08\u548c\u518d\u751f\uff09<\/span>\u5df2\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u5f62\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u573a<\/span>\uff08morphogenetic fields\uff09<\/span>\u201d[45]\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5176\u8868\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u51e0\u4f55\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u529b\u573a\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u578b\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u79cd\u5438\u5f15\u72b6\u6001[13]\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u573a\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u652f\u914d\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d1\u80b2\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u80b2\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u53d1\u80b2\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u65f6[46-50]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u520a\u7684\u7075\u611f\u4e5f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f85\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u504f\u4fa7\u6027\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u751f\u7684[51\u201354]\uff1f\u5206\u5b50\u624b\u6027\u6216\u65b9\u5411\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7ec6\u80de\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u653e\u5927\u4e3a\u5168\u8eab\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u540e\u751f\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u5668\u5b98\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7ebf\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff1f\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u610f\u4e49\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48[55-65]\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f[66\uff0c67]\uff1f<\/span>\uff08\u53c2\u770b\uff1a\u300a\u624b\u6027\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u6700\u521d\u4e3a\u4f55\u504f\u597d\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6027\uff1f<\/a>\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u672c\u7279\u520a\u4e2d\uff0cDavid Krakauer [68]\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u201cSymmetry-simplicity, broken symmetry-complexity\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5bf9\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5f53\u7269\u7406\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u88ab\u6253\u7834\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u6001\u4e0b\u505a\u529f\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5728\u7eaa\u5ff5\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee<\/span>\uff08Philip Anderson\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\u201cMore is different\u201d\u53d1\u886850\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0cKrakauer\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span>\uff08emergence\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u963b\u632b\u968f\u673a\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\uff08frustrated random functions\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027<\/span>\uff08autonomy\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5e7f\u4e49\u521a\u6027<\/span>\uff08generalized rigidity\uff09<\/span>\u56db\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u5f81\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u3002<\/span>\uff08\u53c2\u770b\uff1a\u300a\u5b89\u5fb7\u68ee\u56db\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u4ece\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u5230\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6d8c\u73b0<\/a>\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u81ea The Royal Society \u7279\u520a\u300c\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u5fc3\u667a\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7834\u7f3a\u300d<\/span>\uff08Making and breaking symmetries in mind and life\uff09<\/span>\u5bfc\u8a00\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u8fd8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7279\u520a\u4e2d\u540c\u7cfb\u5217\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6df1\u5165\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

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