{"id":50572,"date":"2024-05-27T22:11:59","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T14:11:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=50572"},"modified":"2024-05-27T22:11:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-27T14:11:59","slug":"%e5%bf%83%e6%99%ba%e7%9a%84%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%ef%bc%9a%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%a4%a7%e8%84%91%e5%b1%82%e7%ba%a7%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6-%e8%bf%bd%e9%97%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=50572","title":{"rendered":"\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65b0\u6846\u67b6 | \u8ffd\u95ee\u89c2\u5bdf"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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 Morten Kringelbach Yonatan Sanz Perl Gustavo Deco<\/span><\/span> | \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\u90ed\u745e\u4e1c<\/span> <\/span>| \u7f16\u8bd1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
Vicky<\/span> <\/span>| \u5ba1\u6821<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\u5b58\u6e90<\/span> <\/span>| \u7f16\u8f91<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\u8ffd\u95eenextquestion<\/span> <\/span>| \u6765\u6e90<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u8868\u5728Trend in Cognitive Science<\/em>\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0\u6027\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u63a2\u8ba8\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u5728\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5927\u8111\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u71b5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u6307\u6807\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u8111\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8c03\u63a7\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u63d0\u53d6\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u89c9\u9192\u3001\u7761\u7720\u53ca\u795e\u7ecf\u75c5\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u4e0b\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Kringelbach, Morten L., Yonatan Sanz Perl, and Gustavo Deco. “The Thermodynamics of Mind.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2024).<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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3. \u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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7. \u770b\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4f11\u606f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
8. \u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6162\u901f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u901f\u5904\u7406?<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
9. \u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8def\u5f84<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u7761\u7720\u548c\u9ebb\u9189[11,13,14]\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9a71\u52a8\u6216\u8c03\u914d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5b66\u754c\u5c1a\u672a\u5c31\u6b64\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6[15]\u3002\u5927\u8111\u5404\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u5168\u8111\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u534a\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u77ed\u6682\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u81ea\u4e3b\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u91ca\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u6a21\u578b[16]\u3001\u6838\u5fc3-\u8fb9\u7f18\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7[17, 18, 19, 20]\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5927\u8111\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u5219[21,22]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5c1a\u672a\u5c31\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\u5927\u8111\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u5168\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u5e76\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u5927\u8111\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d85\u8d8a\u73b0\u6709\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7406\u8bba\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u5219\u662f\u8fc8\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5177\u6709\u6241\u5e73\u3001\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5448\u73b0\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9876\u90e8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9\u8bb8\u591a\u66f4\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61[23]\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/span>\uff08nonequilibrium thermodynamics\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u652f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4f30\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc61\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u89c2\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u88ab\u5b50\u5f39\u51fb\u788e\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u4ece\u6709\u5e8f\u53d8\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e8f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee5\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u89c2\u770b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u7247\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u5373\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u65e0\u5e8f\u53d8\u4e3a\u6709\u5e8f\u3002\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u539f\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u9884\u4f30\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u6240\u6709\u8111\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u7535\u5f71\u7247\u6bb5\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u50cf\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53d6\u81ea\u53f0\u7403\u78b0\u649e\u7684\u5f71\u7247<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1A\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u5411\u8fd8\u662f\u53cd\u5411\u89c2\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6cd5\u533a\u5206\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u71b5<\/span>\uff08entropy\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u88ab\u6253\u788e\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u7247\u6bb5<\/span>\uff08\u56fe1B\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u53d8\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u71b5\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u53cd\u5411\u89c2\u770b\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5f71\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u770b\u5230\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u5177\u8c61\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u73bb\u7483\u676f\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u65e0\u5e8f\u5230\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u540e\u5c55\u5f00\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e0e\u71b5\u7684\u4ea7\u751f[71]\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5982\u56feIC\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709AB\u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4e0e\u5411\u524d<\/span>\uff08A \u2192 B\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7bad\u5934\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5411\u540e<\/span>\uff08B \u2192 A\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u7bad\u5934\uff09<\/span>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u5173\u8054\u8f68\u8ff9[72]\u3002\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u540e\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u5b50\u56fe\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u7247\u6bb5\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u8f6c<\/span>\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u6b63\u5411\u64ad\u653e\u7684\u5411\u540e\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5411\u524d\u548c\u5411\u540e\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u8f6c\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u56fe1D\u7528\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b[23,36]\u3002\u5982\u679c\u71b5\u7684\u4ea7\u751fHp\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u71b5\uff0c\u5373Hp = 0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe1\uff1a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u914d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u673a\u5236\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u5373\u5c55\u793a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5bf9\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u673a\u5236\u3002\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u8c03\u914d\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u4e86\u8be5\u56e0\u679c\u6846\u67b6\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec(i)\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u8c03\u914d\uff1b(ii)\u89c2\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca(iii)\u5c3d\u7ba1\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u673a\u4f53\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u6f5c\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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3. \u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e8f\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08order theory\uff09<\/span>\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u504f\u5e8f\u96c6<\/span>\uff08poset\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5c06\u96c6\u5408\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5b9a\u5e8f\u548c\u6392\u5e03\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u4e86[24]\u3002\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u539f\u5219[25]\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u663e\u793a\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5f00\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8017\u6563\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u96c6\u5408-\u5b50\u96c6\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8de8\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Hilgetag\u548cGoulas\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6837[26]\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\u5c1a\u672a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5c1a\u672a\u5bf9\u201c\u5c42\u7ea7\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a(i)\u62d3\u6251\u6295\u5f71\u5e8f\u5217\uff1b(ii)\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6709\u5e8f\u53d8\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u68af\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\uff1b(iii)\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca(iv)\u5c42\u72b6\u6295\u5f71\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u662f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5168\u8111\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7a00\u758f\u6027\uff0c\u4e0e\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece\u5c40\u90e8\u5230\u5168\u8111\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u9012\u8fdb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6574\u5408\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u6355\u6349\u5927\u8111\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u3001\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u6355\u6349\u5927\u8111\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7f29\u653e\u7684\u6709\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u548c\u6811\u7a81\u68d8\u5230\u5c40\u90e8\u76ae\u5c42\u67f1\u56de\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7f51\u7edc\uff1b\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u548c\u8282\u594f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c01\u88c5[27]\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u5ea6\u91cf\u662f\u6d4b\u91cf\u9694\u79bb\u4e0e\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u71b5\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5c40\u90e8\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u63a7\u5236[11,12]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u7406\u8bba\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u6355\u6349\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5ffd\u89c6\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u8c03\u914d\u7684\u201c\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span>\uff08global workspace\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u901a\u7528\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5927\u8111\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u88ab\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u5927\u8111\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df[28,29]\u3002\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u914d\u7684\u539f\u578b\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6307\u6325\u5bb6\u6307\u6325\u6574\u4e2a\u7ba1\u5f26\u4e50\u961f\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u7f3a\u4e86\u6307\u6325\u5bb6\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u6f14\u51fa\u5f88\u96be\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Roberto Fellini\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u7ba1\u5f26\u4e50\u961f\u7684\u5f69\u6392\u300b<\/span>\uff08Prova d’orchestra\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u7a33\u5065\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b[30, 31, 32]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f30\u8ba1\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u71b5<\/span>\uff08transfer entropy\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e49\u7248\u7684\u683c\u5170\u6770\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002\u8f6c\u79fb\u71b5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u542b1000\u591a\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u6784\u6210\u5927\u8111\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u5b9a\u5927\u8111\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8111\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u8c03\u914d\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7[33]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u79fb\u71b5\u6846\u67b6\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\uff09<\/span>\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u957f\u671f\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf<\/span>\uff08fMRI\uff09<\/span>\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5f80\u5f80\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6765\u81ea\u795e\u7ecf\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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4. \u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\n

\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cf\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u6253\u7834\u7ec6\u8282\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u201d<\/span>\uff08breaking the detailed structure\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c1\u89e3\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u6709\u5e8f\u53d8\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e8f[34,35]\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u71b5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u71b5\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u957f\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u71b5\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc62\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u71b5<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u71b5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6db5\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e14\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cf\u5316\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u65e0\u5e8f\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u975e\u53ef\u9006\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\uff09<\/span>\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u6df1\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u71b5\u6700\u521d\u662f\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7531Rudolf Clausius\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\u6027\u6216\u968f\u673a\u6027\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf[34]\u3002\u5728Sadi Carnot\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a[35]\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u505a\u529f\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u71b5\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u71b5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dLudwig Boltzmann\u5c06\u71b5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e0e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5fae\u89c2\u6784\u578b\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u91cf\u5ea6\uff1a\ud835\udc46=\ud835\udc58\ud835\udc35<\/sub>ln\u03a9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d kB\u8868\u793a\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u03a9\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u5e73\u8861\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cBoltzmann\u80fd\u591f\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7c92\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6570\u91cf\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u968f\u7740\u53ef\u80fd\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u71b5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u6216\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u6b63\u5982Claude Shannon\u57281948\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5<\/span>\uff08information entropy\uff09<\/span>\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u7684[73]\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\ud835\udc3b=\u2212\ud835\udc3e\u2211\ud835\udc58<\/sup>\ud835\udc56<\/sub>=1\ud835\udc5d(\ud835\udc56)ln\ud835\udc5d(\ud835\udc56)<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\ud835\udc3e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\uff0cp(i) \u8868\u660e\u4fe1\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b26\u53f7\u8d8a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6216\u968f\u673a\uff0c\u6d88\u606f\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u71b5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc4b;\ud835\udc4c)=\ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc4b)+\ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc4c)\u2212\ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc4b,\ud835\udc4c)<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cfX\u548cY\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ece\u53d8\u91cf X\u5230Y \u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u71b5\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\ud835\udc47\ud835\udc4b\u2192\ud835\udc4c<\/sub>=\ud835\udc3c(\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56+1<\/sub>;\ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56<\/sup>\u2223\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56<\/sup>)<\/span><\/section>\n
=\ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56+1<\/sub>\u2223\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56<\/sup>)\u2212\ud835\udc3b(\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56+1<\/sub>\u2223\ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56<\/sup>,\ud835\udc4c\ud835\udc56<\/sup>)<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d Y\ud835\udc56+1<\/sub>\u662f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9 \ud835\udc56+1\u65f6Y \u7684\u503c\uff0c X\ud835\udc56<\/sup>\u8868\u793aX \u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u957f\u5ea6L \uff08\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\ud835\udc56\uff09\u7684\u503c \uff0c\u5373 \ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56<\/sup>=[\ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56<\/sub>\ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56\u22121<\/sub>\u2026\ud835\udc4b\ud835\udc56\u2212(\ud835\udc3f\u22121)<\/sub>]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/section>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u71b5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u71b5\u589e\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\ud835\udc3b\ud835\udc43<\/sub>=\u2211\ud835\udc56,\ud835\udc57<\/sub>\ud835\udc43\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc57<\/sub>log(\ud835\udc43\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc57<\/sub>\/\ud835\udc43\ud835\udc57\ud835\udc56<\/sub>)<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d P\ud835\udc56\ud835\udc57<\/sub>\u662f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4 P\u4ece\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc56 \u5230\u72b6\u6001 \ud835\udc57 \u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/section>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u91cf\u5316\u71b5\u589e\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u71b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u5c42\u7ea7\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u71b5\u589e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u91cf\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u91cf\u5316\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u71b5\u589e\u5728\u50cf\u5927\u8111\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5df2\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u5c55[23,36]\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u201d[37]\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u201d\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7531\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6c34\u5e73\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5904\u4e8e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u5177\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u53ef\u9006\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6241\u5e73\u548c\u975e\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a8\u8fdb\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u4f7f\u5f97\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u673a\u5236\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u7761\u7720\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u836f\u7269<\/span>\uff08\u9ebb\u9189\u548c\u8ff7\u5e7b\u5242\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u75be\u75c5<\/span>\uff08\u660f\u8ff7\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>
<\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
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<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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5. \u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u91cf\u5316\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u91cd\u8981\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u672a\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\u90fd\u53ef\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u65f6\u7a7a\u5168\u8111\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c\u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u7ea7\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56fe2A\u2013E\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6c34\u5e73\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02[38, 39, 40]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe2\uff1a\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u56fe2\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u91cf\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56fe2A\u4e2d\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6253\u7834\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\uff08breaking of the detailed balance\uff09\u201d\u3002\u56fe2B\u5c55\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u201d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u524d\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u4e3a\u53cd\u8f6c\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3002\u56fe2C\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e9b\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u56fe2D\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9006\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u79f0\uff08\u9876\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\u88ab\u6253\u7834\uff08\u5e95\u90e8\uff09\u3002\u56fe2E\u5c31\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u60c5\u51b5\u5206\u522b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u5747\u5300\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5766\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u9876\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u9876\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a59\u8272\u533a\u57df\uff08\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5706\u5708\u9876\u90e8\uff09\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u9876\u90e8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u7bad\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u56fe2F\u5c55\u793a\u5168\u8111\u5efa\u6a21\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e\u89e3\u5256\u7ed3\u6784\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4f30\u8ba1\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u56fe2G\uff0c\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cStuart-Landau\u632f\u8361\u5668\uff0c\u6765\u62df\u5408\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u56fe2H\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u4f73\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8fde\u63a5\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u56fe2I\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u4ea7\u751f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8425\u517b\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08tropic coherence\uff09\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6e17\u6d41\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2F\u2013I\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u5408\u89e3\u5256\u7ed3\u6784\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u8111\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u6709\u6548\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\u201d<\/span>\uff08generative effective connectivity\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u53ef\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u94fe\u6216\u4ea7\u751f\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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6. \u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u8c03\u914d<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5f71\u50cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7f3a\u5c11\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u8ba4\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u8111\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u914d\u7684\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7ea7\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u91cf\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u9887\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/span>\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cTENET\uff09<\/span>\u91cf\u5316\u4e86fMRI\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u660e\u663e\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u4e03\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2A\u2013C\uff09<\/span>[38]\u3002\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u671f\u95f4\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e3a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4e0e\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u671f\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u3002TENET\u8fd8\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7f3a\u9677\u591a\u52a8\u969c\u788d<\/span>\uff08ADHD\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u53cc\u76f8\u60c5\u611f\u969c\u788d\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7b49\u795e\u7ecf\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21fMRI\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u4f11\u606f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e[38]\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u60a3\u8005\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8c03\u914d\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u8282\u70b9\u53d8\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9610\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe3\uff1a\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\u56fe3\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u7bad\u5934\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8111\u533a\u5212\u5206\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u4e3a\u53cd\u8f6c\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u968f\u540e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u8861\u91cf[38]<\/span>\uff08\u4e0a\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u795e\u7ecf\u6210\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d85\u8fc71000\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4f4e\u4e8e\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6267\u884c\u4e03\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0cINSIDEOUT\u6846\u67b6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u7bad\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79fb\u4f4d\u6210\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027[39,40]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5bf9\u5ea6\u91cf\u968f\u540e\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5c06INSIDEOUT\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u578b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u4e03\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1TENET\u4ece\u5e95\u5c42\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u9ad8 [42]\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86INSIDEOUT\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u4f30\u8ba1\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7bad\u5934<\/span>\uff08\u56fe2D\uff09<\/span>[39]\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u201c\u7531\u5185\u800c\u5916\u201d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8f83\u597d\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cINSIDEOUT\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u79fb\u4f4d\u76f8\u5173\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8861\u91cf\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684fMRI\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u65f6<\/span>\uff08\u56fe3E\uff09<\/span>\uff0cINSIDEOUT\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0eTENET\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c[39]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0eTENET\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cINSIDEOUT\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5355\u4e2a\u975e\u4eba\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u6570\u636e[43,44]\u3002\u5f53\u6bd4\u8f83\u975e\u4eba\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u7761\u7720\u548c\u9ebb\u9189\u4e09\u79cd\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0cINSIDEOUT\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6bcf\u79cd\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u663e\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u542b\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u968f\u7740\u610f\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u6241\u5e73[39]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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7. \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4f11\u606f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u95f4<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5927\u8111\u6574\u4f53\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u65e2\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u4ea7\u751f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u56e0\u679c\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u56e0\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684[15]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u201c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u80fd\u591f\u9610\u660e\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u4f11\u606f\u65f6\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6e38\u79bb\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u56f0\u96be\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u6109\u5feb\u5f97\u591a[41]\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u6bd4\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7535\u5f71*\u5df2\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5e74\u8f7b\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u66f4\u597d\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u89c2\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u91cd\u6d4b\u4fe1\u5ea6[45]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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*\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7535\u5f71\uff08naturalistic films\uff09\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u89d2\u8272\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u89d2\u8272\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8bf8\u5982\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u5546\u4e1a\u7c7b\u578b\u7247\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u56fe4B\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u89c2\u770b\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6267\u884c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cfMRI\u6d4b\u91cf\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6c34\u5e73\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e[41]\u3002\u7535\u5f71\u89c2\u770b\u671f\u95f4\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u6241\u5e73\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u7535\u5f71\u89c2\u770b\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u653e\u677e\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7535\u5f71\u4f3c\u4e4e\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u4ece\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7247\u523b\u7684\u5598\u606f\u3002\u7535\u5f71\u89c2\u770b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7684\u97f3\u9891-\u89c6\u89c9\u53d9\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u4f11\u606f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f11\u606f\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u653e\u677e\uff0c\u50cfKillingsworth\u548cGilbert\u6240\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\uff0c\u5185\u7701\u548c\u8d70\u795e\u72b6\u6001\u5f88\u5c11\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u5fc3\u5883[46]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56fe4 \uff1a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u5728\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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8. \u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6162\u901f\u4f20\u9012\u7684<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong>\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u901f\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u9664\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u8fd8\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u6162\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b[47]\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u5728\u4e8e\u6e4d\u6d41<\/span>\uff08turblence\uff09\uff08\u56fe5\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u3002\u6700\u521d\u7531\u8fbe\u82ac\u5947\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201cturbolenza\u201d[48]\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6e4d\u6d41\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6709\u6548\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u72b6\u6001[49]\u3002Andrey Kolmogorov\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7a7a\u95f4\u505a\u529f\u7b26\u5408\u5e42\u5ea6\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u6548\u7387[50,51]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4A\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8026\u5408\u632f\u8361\u5668[52]\u548c\u5927\u8111[53,54]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4B,C\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5c06\u5927\u8111\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3a\u8026\u5408\u632f\u8361\u5668\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u660f\u8ff7\u3001\u7761\u7720[55]<\/span>\uff08\u56fe4D\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u670d\u7528\u7cbe\u795e\u6d3b\u6027\u7269\u8d28[56]\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e5f\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u5e42\u5f8b\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u5b58\u5728[53]\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\u8fd8\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5c55\u793a\u6e4d\u6d41\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u9636\u7ed3\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bc1\u636e[57]\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u662f\u65f6\u7a7a\u6df7\u6c8c\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u201c\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5927\u8111\u4fe1\u53f7\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde[58]\u201d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u6e4d\u6d41\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u56fe5A\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8fbe\u82ac\u5947\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f53\u7684\u770b\u4f3c\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u672f\u8bed\u201cturbolenza\u201d\u3002\u4ea7\u751f\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u7269\u7406\u539f\u7406\u662f\u9ad8\u7ef4\u65f6\u7a7a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8026\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf[48]\u3002\u6e4d\u6d41\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u6df7\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5c06\u5927\u6f29\u6da1\u7ecf\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u7ea7\u8054\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6f29\u6da1\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b8c\u6210\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5e42\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6240\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u7ea7\u8054\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u56fe5B\u5c55\u793a\u6700\u8fd1\u57281000\u540d\u5065\u5eb7\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u6e4d\u6d41[53]\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u53d8\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u6e4d\u6d41\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9075\u5b88\u5e42\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7ea7\u8054[53]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cHopf\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u70b9\u62df\u5408\u6e4d\u6d41\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u795e\u7ecf\u5f71\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u56e0\u679c\u7406\u89e3[54]\u3002\u56fe5c\u5c55\u793a\u6e4d\u6d41\u5728\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4e0d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c4\u5f8b\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5408\u6210\u6570\u636e<\/span>\uff08\u9ed1\u8272\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5404\u8111\u533a\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u4f4d\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5feb\u7167\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u5e95\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u572826\u4e2a\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u56fe\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u56fe5D\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6e4d\u6d41\u53ef\u7a33\u5065\u5730\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8111\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982\u6df1\u5ea6\u7761\u7720\u548c\u660f\u8ff7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6e4d\u6d41\u6c34\u5e73\u663e\u8457\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9759\u606f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u51cf\u5c11[55]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u5c40\u90e8\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5168\u8111\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528fMRI\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6162\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c40\u90e8\u6d77\u9a6c\u4f53\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u56de\u8def\u4e2d[59]\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5168\u8111\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6e4d\u6d41\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u751f\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u7840[47]\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eKolmogorov\u7684\u89c2\u70b9[50,51]\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u6f29\u6da1\u7ea7\u8054<\/span>\uff08cascading whirls\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e42\u5f8b\u662f\u6e4d\u6d41\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6f29\u6da1\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u8fbe\u82ac\u5947\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\uff0c\u5373\u6da1\u65cb\u7684\u6536\u7f29\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6c34\u6d41\u7684\u51cf\u5f31\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6da1\u65cb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6c34\u6d41\u6bd4\u5468\u56f4\u66f4\u5feb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41\u662f\u5927\u8111\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u751f\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed9\u51fa\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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9. \u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8c03\u914d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u60a0\u4e45\u800c\u8f89\u714c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u548c\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u548c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u662f\u4eb2\u5bc6\u65e0\u95f4\u7684\u597d\u53cb\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0a\u5404\u6267\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec1935\u5e74\u5173\u4e8e\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u732b\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6096\u8bba\u4e2d\u732b\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u6d3b\u4e0e\u6b7b\u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u4f55\u5c42\u7ea7\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u6709\u673a\u4f53\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u673a\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u5de8\u84571905\u5e74\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u5947\u8ff9\u5e74\u300b<\/span>\uff08annus mirabilis\uff09<\/span>\u4fbf\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u3002\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u665a\u5e74\u6d41\u4ea1\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u671f\u95f4\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300b<\/span>\uff08What Is Life?<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u7bad\u5934\u6216\u975e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u751f\u547d\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u8870\u53d8\uff1f\u2026\u2026\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u98df\u3001\u996e\u6c34\u3001\u547c\u5438\u548c\u2026\u2026\u5438\u6536\u3002\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u662f\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u3002\u201d [61]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u6216\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8fc7\u5c06\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5927\u8111\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u5947\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u5927\u8111\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u542f\u53d1\u4e86\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u548c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5e73\u884c\u3002\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u89c1\u89e3\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d7\u5230\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u6a21\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u9762\u6270\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u5b66[62]\u3002\u6e4d\u6d41\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u632f\u8361\u5668\u8fd8\u662f\u6d41\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5efa\u6a21\u5fc5\u8981\u548c\u5145\u5206\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50[63]\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u524d\u666f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8def\u5f84\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u5e73\u8861\u6469\u64e6\u548c\u70ed\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u5373\u5e73\u8861\u8017\u6563\u548c\u81ea\u53d1\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5173\u4e8e\u5e03\u6717\u8fd0\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3[64]\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6da8\u843d-\u8017\u6563\u5b9a\u7406<\/span>\uff08fluctuation\u2013dissipation theorem\uff0cFDT\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f[65]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u5b9a\u7406\u53ef\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aFDT\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u5408\u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6270\u52a8\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u5927\u8111\u7684\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u63cf\u8ff0\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u52a0\u654f\u611f\u3002\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u6027\u6270\u52a8\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u80fd\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7761\u7720\uff09<\/span>\u4e0b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u795e\u7ecf\u5f71\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8fdd\u53cd FDT \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6270\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u8d85\u8d8a\u5bf9\u672a\u6270\u52a8\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Onsager\u2019s \u56de\u5f52\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9FDT\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u63a8\u5bfc[66\uff0c67\uff0c68]\u3002\u8be5\u63a8\u5bfc\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u6270\u52a8\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cFDT\u6846\u67b6\u5c06\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9FDT\u7684\u8fdd\u53cd\u6765\u8868\u5f81\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6c34\u5e73[69]\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u9014\u5f84\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u975e\u4eba\u52a8\u7269\u5728\u9ebb\u9189\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u9884\u6d4b\u5982\u4f55\u5e72\u9884\u5524\u9192\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u66f4\u5bbd\u6cdb\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e5f\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5927\u8111\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u4f30\u7b97\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u4f4e\u7ef4\u6d41\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u8111\u6c34\u5e73\u5c42\u9762\u7cbe\u786e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u53d8\uff1b\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4e30\u5bcc\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aLily Padula<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e3a\u63ed\u793a\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u539f\u7406\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u5065\u5eb7\u4eba\u7fa4\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u914d\u548c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u671d\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u65e7\u5177\u5907\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u529b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5f53\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u836f\u7269\u7597\u6cd5\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u91cd\u7ec4\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece\u6cbb\u7597\u4e2d\u597d\u8f6c\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u91cd\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u4e9b\u836f\u7269\u7597\u6cd5\u6709\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u836f\u7269\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u8ff7\u5e7b\u5242\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8840\u6e05\u518d\u5438\u6536\u6291\u5236\u5242<\/span>\uff08SSRIs\uff09<\/span>\u6cbb\u7597\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u533a\u5206\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u63ed\u793a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5927\u8111\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6df1\u5c42\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u56de\u7b54\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u90a3\u4e2a\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u751f\u547d\uff1f[61]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff1fFDT\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8017\u6563\u548c\u81ea\u53d1\u6ce2\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5c06 FDT \u4e0e\u751f\u6210\u6027\u3001\u6270\u52a8\u6027\u5168\u8111\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u5728\u6e05\u9192\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u7761\u7720\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5bf9 FDT \u7684\u8fdd\u53cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u6570\u4ee5\u4ebf\u8ba1\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f\u8111\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u542f\u53d1\u5e2e\u52a9\u63a2\u7d22\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u5965\u79d8\uff1f\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u8111\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5b75\u5316\u51fa\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/a>\u300d\u3001\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/a>\u300d\u3001\u300cAI by Complexity<\/a>\u300d\u300c\u8ba1\u7b97\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66<\/a>\u300d\u3001\u300c\u795e\u7ecf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/a>\u300d\u3001\u300c\u8111\u673a\u63a5\u53e3<\/a>\u300d\u3001\u300cNeuroAI<\/a>\u300d\u7b49\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u805a\u96c6\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u4f4d\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7d22\uff01<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong>\u5927\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5: \u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
2. \u5927\u8111\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u201c\u6e4d\u6d41\u201d\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e73\u8861\u6001<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u201c\u5bfc\u822a\u201d\uff1fNature\u5b50\u520a\u63ed\u793a\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u8868\u5f81<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/strong>5.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5c01\u9762\uff1aSara Wong \u5bfc\u8bed \u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u91cf\u5316\u5927\u8111\u5c42\u7ea7\u5316\u8c03\u914d\u53ca\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u6e4d\u6d41  Morten Kringelbach Yonatan Sanz Perl Gustavo Deco | \u4f5c\u8005 \u90ed\u745e\u4e1c | \u7f16\u8bd1 Vicky | \u5ba1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":50555,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50572"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=50572"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50572\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/50555"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=50572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=50572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=50572"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=50572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}