{"id":50803,"date":"2024-06-08T16:50:08","date_gmt":"2024-06-08T08:50:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=50803"},"modified":"2024-06-08T16:50:08","modified_gmt":"2024-06-08T08:50:08","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e5%88%b0%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%aa%e6%9d%a5%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e5%bd%a2%e6%80%81%e4%bc%9a%e6%98%af%e6%80%8e%e6%a0%b7%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=50803","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u751f\u547d\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\uff1a\u672a\u6765\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u6001\u4f1a\u662f\u600e\u6837\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5c01\u9762\uff1aLong Ken<\/span>
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\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\uff08Artificial Life, Alife\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6f5c\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002Alife\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bd5\u56fe\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u590d\u5236\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u9020\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cAlife\u548c\u751f\u7269\u542f\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5c06\u4e3aAI\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u7075\u611f\u548c\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u542f\u53d1AI\uff0c\u5177\u8eab\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u81ea\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u81ea\u521b\u751f<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u8ffd\u95eenextquestion<\/span> <\/span>| \u6765\u6e90<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u800c\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8d39\u66fc\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201cWhat I can’t create, I do not understand\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6050\u6015\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u751f\u547d\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u53e4\u72b9\u592a\u7684\u9b54\u5076<\/span>\uff08Golem\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u5854\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5468\u671d\u7684\u5043\u5e08\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u65af\u5766\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u521b\u9020\u751f\u547d\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6574\u4f53\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u800c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u521b\u9020\u751f\u547d\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\u4e0d\u5355\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u5176\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u8eab\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d<\/span>\uff08Artificial Life, Alife\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5b83\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6f5c\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/strong>Alife\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8bd5\u56fe\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u590d\u5236\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u9020\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f00\u53d1\u80fd\u6a21\u62df\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5728\u56de\u987eAlife\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4f20\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7531DNA\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u3001\u751f\u6b96\u53d1\u80b2\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u6f14\u5316\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6027\u72b6\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u76f4\u52301944\u5e74\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b<\/span>\uff08What Is Life?<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u624d\u6446\u8131\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u91cf-\u4fe1\u606f\u8026\u5408\u7684\u8d1f\u71b5\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u65e2\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fce\u5408\u4e86\u5f53\u4e0b\u3002\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u6709\u673a\u8bba\u62c9\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u8bba\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3aAlife\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u7b49\u751f\u547d\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u4ea7\u751f\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u3001\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u3001\u5f62\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u9057\u4f20\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f1948\u5e74\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5b66\u79d1\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c3c\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u5df4\u91cc\u5207\u5229\uff08Nils Barricelli\uff09\u57281953-1962\u5e74\u4e8e\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673aIAS\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7ef4\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u751a\u81f3\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u636e\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ade\u4e89\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u751f\u547d\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u5168\u8c8c\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d[1]\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4ece\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c42\u9762\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u795b\u9664\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8ff7\u601d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u62df\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\uff0c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3001\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b49\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1987\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5f17\u00b7\u5170\u987f\uff08Christopher Langton\uff09\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0cALife\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5bf9\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u751f\u547d\u201d\uff08life as it could be\uff09[2]\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5730\u7403\u5df2\u77e5\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5eb7\u5a01\uff08\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\uff09\u3001\u65af\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u6c83\u5f17\u62c9\u59c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5170\u987f\u672c\u4eba\u7b49\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6210\u4e3aAlife\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5170\u987f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u6d3b\u6027\u53c2\u6570\u03bb\uff0c\u5f53\u03bb\u9002\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u4f1a\u517c\u5177\u5c40\u57df\u5316\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u65e0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6df7\u6c8c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u6df7\u6c8c\u8fb9\u7f18\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u6216\u667a\u80fd\u5747\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u6df7\u6c8c\u8fb9\u7f18\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u91cf\u5f15\u5165\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u62df\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u63a8\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\n

\u524d\u4e24\u6b21Alife\u6240\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4ee5\u53ca\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6293\u4f4f\u751f\u547d\u666e\u904d\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5170\u987f\u6240\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u6070\u5f53\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u751f\u547d\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u529f\u80fd[3]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b21\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u7269\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\/\u865a\u62df\/\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d<\/span>\uff08Soft\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728Alife\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d28\u7591\u548c\u53cd\u601d\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f34\u968f\u5176\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u540c\u671f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7f57\u68ee<\/span>\uff08Robert Rosen\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u57281991\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u751f\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u300b<\/span>\uff08Life Itself<\/em>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u6548\u56e0\u679c\u95ed\u5408\u201d<\/span>\uff08closed to efficient causation\uff09<\/span>\u7684<\/span>\uff08M,R\uff09<\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf*[4]\uff1a\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9a71\u52a8\u53d8\u5316\u53d1\u751f\u7684”\u56e0”\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684”\u679c”\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9176\u5c31\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u56e0\u679c\u95ed\u5408\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u50ac\u5316\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u53c8\u4ea7\u751f\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u4f7f\u751f\u547d\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff08M,R\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5373\u4ee3\u8c22\uff08Metabolism\uff09\u548c\u4fee\u590d\uff08Repair\uff09\u3002\u4ee3\u8c22\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u673a\u5236\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3af\uff09\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u6750\u6599A\u5230\u4ea7\u7269B\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u5219\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u673a\u5236\uff08\u8bb0\u4e3a\u03a6\uff09\u4ece\u4ee3\u8c22\u4ea7\u7269B\u5408\u6210\u4ee3\u8c22\u673a\u5236f\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\u79d1\u00b7\u74e6\u96f7\u62c9<\/span>\uff08Francisco  Varela\uff09<\/span>\u4e5f\u53cd\u5bf9\u5170\u987f\u7684\u89c2\u70b9[5]\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u6027\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e0e\u5176\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5177\u8eab\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fdc\u6bd4\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5f0f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u8003\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u6d6a\u6f6e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Alife\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5149\u8c31\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u3001\u751f\u5316\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u5b9e\u5730\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e\u5d4c\u5165\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f6f\u3001\u786c\u3001\u6e7f\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u3002[6]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u7b2c\u4e09\u6ce2\uff0820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u81f3\u4eca\uff09\uff1a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u671f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u6ce8\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u751f\u547d\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u6027\u3001\u5177\u8eab\u6027\u3001\u4ea4\u4e92\u6027\u548c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6027\u30021972\u5e74\u548c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u74e6\u96f7\u62c9\u5206\u522b\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u521b\u751f\uff08Autopoiesis\uff09\u548c\u5177\u8eab\u5fc3\u667a\uff08Embodied Mind\uff09\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5177\u8eab\u4ea4\u4e92\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u5f15\u5165\u201c\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u201d\uff08\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u843d\u5165\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u6307\u6f14\u5316\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66[7]\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\uff08\u5982\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5176\u5728\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9012\u5f52\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u7a81\u7834\u548c\u4ea7\u751f\u521b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5411\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6f14\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5916\uff0c\u6e7f\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08Wet\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u786c\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08Hard\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6df7\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d<\/span>\uff08Hybrid\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u5b50-\u7ec6\u80de\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u5408\u6210\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u4ece\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7269\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u4e5f\u653e\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5177\u8eab\u5f62\u5f0f[8]\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u751f\u6001\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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EvoSphere\uff1a\u81ea\u4e3b\u6f14\u5316\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u6536\u96c6\u6838\u5e9f\u6599\u80fd\u529b\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u7ebf\u201c\u4ea4\u914d\u201d\u4f18\u5316\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc73D\u6253\u5370\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u540e\u4ee3\u3002[9]<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u603b\u5f97\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aAlife\u53d1\u5c55\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8f74\uff0c\u6a2a\u8f74\u662f\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u62df<\/span>\uff08\u8f6f\uff09<\/span>\u2192\u7269\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\uff08\u786c\uff09<\/span>\u2192\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span>\uff08\u6e7f\uff09<\/span>\u2192\u4eff\u751f\u6df7\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u6df7\u5408\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7eb5\u8f74\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u7269\u4f53 \u2192 \u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001 \u2192 \u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316 \u2192 \u5171\u751f<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6606\u866b\u4ee5\u79cd\u7fa4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5171\u751f\u3002\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u751f\u547d\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u73af\u5883\u53ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u6001\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u7fa4\u843d\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6001\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5206\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4e0e\u5355\u7eaf\u521b\u9020\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5206\u652f\u7684Alife\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u6001\u7fa4\u843d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728Alife\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5219\u7ecf\u5e38\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c6\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u3001\u8868\u73b0\u578b\u6216\u751f\u6001\u578b<\/span>\uff08genotypes\uff0cphenotypes\uff0cecotypes\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u5206\u6790\u7fa4\u843d\u52a8\u6001\u3002\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u83b1\u7eb3\u65af<\/span>\uff08William Reiners\uff09<\/span>[10]\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c<\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u4e09\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u80fd\u91cf\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79cd\u7fa4\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08connectedness\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6f14\u5316<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u6d41\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u6d41\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u80fd\u91cf-\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8425\u517b\u7ea7\u3001\u98df\u7269\u94fe\u548c\u7f51[11]\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u5faa\u73af<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u78b3\u5faa\u73af\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\uff1b\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e92\u52a8\u6216\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e4b\u5185\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a[12]\u3001\u7fa4\u843d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6355\u98df\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u5171\u751f\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u5982\u4f55\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5316\u7684[13]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5bf9ALife\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u53cd\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7b49\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5\u590d\u6742\u8fdb\u5316\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\n
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\u5e38\u7528Alife\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0\u3002[6]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u80fd\u91cf-\u7269\u8d28\u6d41\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Tierra\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u9700\u7684CPU\u5468\u671f<\/span>\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6d88\u8017CPU\u5468\u671f\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u5c40\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017<\/span>\uff08CPU\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u590d\u5236\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u65bd\u52a0\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5176\u671d\u5411\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u800c\u5728Avida\u5e73\u53f0\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u8c22\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>\uff08\u80fd\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

ALife \u751f\u6001\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u79bb\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5e38\u89c1\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u6570[15]\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u63a2\u7d22\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u751f\u547d\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5076\u7136\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cALife\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u201c\u91cd\u653e\u524d\u4e16\u7684\u78c1\u5e26\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u64ad\u653e\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u5df2\u5b58\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u78c1\u5e26<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u706b\u661f\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6f84\u6e05\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u751f\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u6784\u5efa\u4e5f\u5206\u4e3a\u8f6f\u3001\u786c\u3001\u6e7f\u53ca\u6df7\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u56db\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002Alife\u6570\u5b57\u5e73\u53f0\u80fd\u5929\u7136\u6a21\u62df\u8f6f\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u751f\u6001\u827a\u672f\u7b49\u3002\u786c\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u751f\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u6e7f\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u751f\u6001\u5219\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6784\u5efa\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u5982\u6267\u884c\u7406\u60f3\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u5206\u89e3\u5e9f\u7269\u3001\u5c01\u5b58\u78b3\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5408\u6210\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u6df7\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u662f Flora Robotica \u9879\u76ee[16]\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u690d\u7269\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5171\u751f\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u5c04\u4e0d\u540c\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5149\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u690d\u7269\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u6e7f\u4ef6\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u9614\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e92\u52a8[17] \u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u63a0\u593a\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5bf9\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7b49[18]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u591a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u96c6\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7814\u7a76[19]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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3. \u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\n
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\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u5149\u8f89\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u72c4\u5965\u591a\u897f\u00b7\u591a\u5e03\u8d5e\u65af\u57fa\uff08Theodosius Dobzhansky\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n

\n

\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7e41\u6b96\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u548c\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u5f0f\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u8fdb\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5[20]\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5e94\u5ea6\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\uff08fitness\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u503c\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4ee4\u4eba\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c[21]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6f14\u5316\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u8981\u6bd4\u4eba\u5de5\u6a21\u62df\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u79cd\u7fa4\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u4ece\u6c34\u5e73\u57fa\u56e0\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u3001\u53d1\u80b2\u548c\u8868\u89c2\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u591a\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u6f14\u5316\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u5ea6\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u6784\u6210\u4e86ALife\u6f14\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9[14][22]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5982\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u65e0\u5c3d\u4e4b\u5f62\u6700\u7f8e\u201d[23]\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316<\/span>\uff08Open-Ended Evolution, OEE\uff09<\/span>[24]\uff0c\u662fALife\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u73b0\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4f5c\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u6f5c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff082\uff09\u6f5c\u5728\u8868\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u7a81\u53d8\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6f5c\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u9014\u5f84\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u548c\u7ae0\u9c7c\u7684\u773c\u775b\u867d\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\uff1b\u9c7c\u548c\u6d77\u8c5a\u7684\u9ccd\u8db3\u5219\u662f\u8d8b\u540c\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u65af\u56fe\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u8003\u592b\u66fc<\/span>\uff08Stuart Kauffman\uff09<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u5bf9\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u523b\u753b\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u7531\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5165\u5ea6K\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5f53K=2\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u52a8\u70b9\u3001\u632f\u8361 \uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u6df7\u6c8c\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u9002\u914d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u8868\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff083\uff09\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u666f\u89c2\uff08Dynamic adaptive landscape\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u968f\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u89c2\u9057\u4f20\u7b49\u4f5c\u7528\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\u548c\u8868\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0\u5982Tierra\u3001Polyworld\u3001Avida\u7b49\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u5316\u5b66[31]\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0Stringmol\u7b49[32]\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u30022019\u5e74\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76[33]\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u8868\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u63a2\u7d22\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff08Exploratory\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u73b0\u6709\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u6216\u73b0\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u65b0\u7684\u7b49\u4f4d\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b0\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u810a\u690e\u6570\u76ee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff08Expansive\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u6027\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u6253\u5f00\u65b0\u90bb\u57df\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u6d89\u53ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5229\u7528\u5148\u524d\u672a\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6216\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u6216\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u98de\u884c\u7fc5\u8180\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u5b98\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53d8\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff08Transformational\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u524d\u672a\u5728\u4ee3\u8c22\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b0\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u3001\u5927\u8111\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5f3a\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u4e09\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u6027\uff1a\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u96c0\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\uff1b\u7fc5\u8180\u51fa\u73b0\uff1b\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b[34]\u6216\u91cf\u5316\u5176\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fdb\u5316\u52a8\u6001\u6d4b\u91cf<\/span>\uff08MODES\uff09<\/span>\u6307\u6807[35]\u3002\u5728NK\u6a21\u578b\u548cAvida\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u5e73\u53f0\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u9002\u7528\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f97\u5230\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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MODES\u5404\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5728 MODES \u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6f5c\u529b\u9700\u8981\u673a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5c06\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u5230\u81ea\u8eab\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u6027\u6f5c\u529b\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u79cd\u7fa4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u5438\u6536\u548c\u53cd\u6620\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u975e\u751f\u7269\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u548c\u8425\u517b\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u56e0\u7d20\u7eb3\u5165\u751f\u7269\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3aRosen\u7684<\/span>\uff08M,R\uff09<\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u636e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578bChatGPT\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5b83\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u3002\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u52bf\u5fc5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u521b\u9020\u529b\u548cAGI\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u201c\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5bc4\u751f\u7684\u5149\u8292\u4e0b\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc72021\u5e74\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6807\u9898[36]\uff0c\u6a21\u4eff\u4e86\u591a\u5e03\u8d5e\u65af\u57fa\u5bf9\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u5e76\u4e0d\u5938\u5f20\u3002\u8bf8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bc4\u751f-\u4e92\u5229\u5171\u751f\u8fde\u7eed\u8c31\u7684\u6f14\u5316[37]\uff0c\u662f\u751f\u6210\u751f\u7269\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u3001\u5851\u9020\u751f\u6001\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u63a8\u52a8\u5730\u7403\u751f\u547d\u91cd\u5927\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c3c\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u5df4\u91cc\u5207\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u6a21\u62df\u65e9\u671f\u5c31\u6d1e\u6089\u4e86\u8fd9\u70b9\u3002\u5c3c\u514b\u00b7\u83b1\u6069<\/span>\uff08Nick Lane\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u590d\u6742\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5185\u5171\u751f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u80fd\u91cf\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u5730\u7403\u590d\u6742\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5171\u751f<\/span>\uff08Symbiosis\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u548c\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u6837\u7684\u751f\u6001\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6f14\u5316[38]\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5171\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u5171\u751f<\/span>\uff08ectosymbiosis\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5916\u5171\u751f<\/span>\uff08endosymbiosis\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7269\u79cd\u95f4\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e92\u5229\u5171\u751f\u3001\u504f\u5229\u5171\u751f\u3001\u4e2d\u6027\u4e92\u4f5c\u3001\u504f\u5bb3\u5171\u751f\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc4\u751f[39]\/\u6355\u98df<\/span>\uff08\u5e7f\u4e49\uff09<\/span>[40]\u3002\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8d44\u6e90\u4ea4\u6362-\u5229\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u5faa\u73af\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u7fa4\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u5171\u751f\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f62\u6210\u8de8\u5582\u517b<\/span>\uff08crossfeeding\uff09<\/span>\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u6210\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u8d44\u6e90[41]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5171\u751f\u5173\u7cfb[42]\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7ed3\u5408 https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Symbiosis\u4ee5\u53ca[40] Figure 1.1\u56fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\u81ea\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u5171\u751f\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u6a21\u62df\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86Model-S\u6a21\u578b[43]\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u6210\u529f\u6a21\u62df\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u81ea\u521b\u751f\u3001\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u3001\u6709\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u7684\u878d\u5408\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5c11\u91cf\u5171\u751f\u4e5f\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u79cd\u7fa4\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u5728\u652f\u6301\u5171\u751f\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d[44]\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u751f\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u8017\u201cCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u751f\u5b58\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5185\u5171\u751f\u7269\u5219\u6d88\u8017\u5bbf\u4e3b\u5185\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4<\/span>\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\uff09<\/span>\u8f6c\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u4ee3\u8c22\uff09<\/span>\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u9057\u4f20\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u5408\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u4ece\u8d77\u6e90\u8d77\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6a2a\u8de8\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u5236\u5b50\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u56e0\u5230\u6587\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u6a21\u56e0\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5230\u4ee5\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u8868\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u6280\u56e0\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u878d\u5408\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u673a\u5171\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3[45]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u679c\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u8d28\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u7269\u7406\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6280\u672f\u7269-\u6570\u7801\u7269\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u57fa\u8d28\u548c\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u673a\u5668\u751f\u547d\u90fd\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa[46]\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u751f\u957f\u548c\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u9057\u4f20\u590d\u5236\u548c\u8fbe\u5230\u7a33\u6001\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u7b26\u5408\u751f\u547d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u82e5\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49AI\u6280\u672f\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u516c\u94fe\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u865a\u62df\u673a<\/span>\uff08dVM\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd<\/span>\uff08AGI\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u8fdb\u5316\u57fa\u8d28\u7684\u6f14\u5316[45]\uff1bDNA\u4e0e\u533a\u5757\u94fe[46]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u5174\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u7269\u8d28\u7406\u8bba<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Digital Matter Theory\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u5b57\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53\u7269\u8d28<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6728\u5934\u6216\u91d1\u5c5e\uff09<\/span>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6316\u6398\u533a\u5757\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7269\u8d28\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u533a\u5757\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u7269\u8d28\u57fa\u8d28\u548c\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u968f\u7740\u533a\u5757\u9ad8\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u4e5f\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6837\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u671f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u884c\u975e\u4efb\u610f\u540c\u8d44\u6e90\/\u4ee3\u5e01<\/span>\uff08Non-Arbitrary\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u603b\u91cf\u975e\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6216\u968f\u610f\u589e\u53d1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e3a\u81ea\u4e3b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0e\u5143\u5b87\u5b99\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u7684Alife\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u6a21\u62df\u6e38\u620f<\/span>\uff08Cellula\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u73a9\u5bb6\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u56e0\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5b55\u80b2\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u94fe\u4e0a\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\uff0c\u533a\u5757\u9ad8\u5ea6\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u201c\u751f\u547d\u201d\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u94fe\u4e0a\u65f6\u7a7a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\u3001\u8fdb\u5316\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684Alife\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u73a9\u5bb6\u548c\u94fe\u4e0a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6d41\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e92\u60e0\u5171\u751f\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u533a\u5757\u94fe\u6280\u672f\u6216\u7269\u7406\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f7f\u975e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4f53\u5982\u690d\u7269\u4e0e\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u673a\u5668\u5171\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982terra0\u548c Flora Robotica\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


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\u8f9b\u987f<\/span>\uff08Geoffrey Hinton\uff09<\/span>\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u7684AI\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u50cfTransformer<\/strong>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u6d77\u9a6c\u4f53\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u4e86\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u56e0\u679cTransformer<\/span>\uff08\u201cTEM is causal transformer with RNN position encodings\u201d\uff09<\/span>[51]\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa Chatgpt \u7684OpenAI\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u63d0\u9192\u5458\u5de5\u201c\u82e6\u6da9\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u201d<\/span>\uff08The bitter lesson\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u575a\u4fe1\u89c4\u6a21\u6cd5\u5219<\/span>\uff08Scaling Law\uff09<\/span>\u5c31\u80fd\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08Emerging properties\uff09<\/span> \uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7b97\u529b\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0AGI\u3002\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/span>\uff08RLFH\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u5bf9\u52a8\u7269\u884c\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u501f\u9274\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u73af\u5883\u9002\u5e94\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/span>\uff08GAN\uff09<\/span>\u5219\u6e90\u81ea\u52a8\u7269\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0e\u5171\u751f\u7684\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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[1] D. B. Fogel, “Nils Barricelli – artificial life, coevolution, self-adaptation,” in IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 41-45, Feb. 2006, doi: 10.1109\/MCI.2006.1597062.<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] Alan Dorin, Susan Stepney; What Is Artificial Life Today, and Where Should It Go?. Artif Life 2024; 30 (1): 1\u201315. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_e_00435 <\/span><\/p>\n

[3] https:\/\/medium.com\/paul-austin-murphys-essays-on-philosophy\/christopher-langton-artificial-life-and-ultra-functionalism-3eb5fa8a92f0<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] (M,R)\u5373\u4ee3\u8c22\uff08Metabolism\uff09\u548c\u4fee\u590d\uff08Repair\uff09\u3002\u4ee3\u8c22\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u673a\u5236(\u8bb0\u4e3af)\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u6750\u6599A\u5230\u4ea7\u7269B\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u5219\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u673a\u5236(\u8bb0\u4e3a\u03a6)\u4ece\u4ee3\u8c22\u4ea7\u7269B\u5408\u6210\u4ee3\u8c22\u673a\u5236f\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[5] Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. J. (1980). Autopoiesis and Cognition: The Realization of the Living. D. Reidel Publishing Company.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-009-8947-4<\/span><\/p>\n

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[7] Pattee, H.H. (2012). Evolving Self-reference: Matter, Symbols, and Semantic Closure. In: LAWS, LANGUAGE and LIFE. Biosemiotics, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-5161-3_14<\/span><\/p>\n

[8] Stepney, S. (2007). Embodiment. In D. Flower & J. Timmis, (Eds.) In silico immunology (pp. 265\u2013288). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-39241-7_13 <\/span><\/p>\n

[9] https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/robot-farms-artificial-life-and-second-order-engineering-an-in-depth-interview-with-professor-a524c92ee455<\/span><\/p>\n

[10] Reiners, William A. \u201cComplementary Models for Ecosystems.\u201d The American Naturalist, vol. 127, no. 1, 1986, pp. 59\u201373. JSTOR, http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2461647. Accessed 27 May 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n

[11] Lindgren, K., & Nordahl, M. G. (1994). Artificial food webs. In C. G. Langton (Ed.), Artificial Life III: Proceedings of the workshop on Artificial Life, Santa Fe, 1992 (pp. 73\u2013103). Addison-Wesley.<\/span><\/p>\n

[12] Theraulaz, G., & Bonabeau, E. (1999). A brief history of stigmergy. Artificial Life, 5(2), 97\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/106454699568700 <\/span><\/p>\n

[13] Luo, T.-T., Heier, L., Khan, Z. A., Hasan, F., Reitan, T., Yasseen, A. S., III, Xie, Z.-X., Zhu, J.-L., & Yedid, G. (2018). Examining community stability in the face of mass extinction in communities of digital organisms. Artificial Life, 24(4), 250\u2013276. <\/span><\/p>\n

[14] Bull, L. (2021). On the emergence of intersexual selection: Arbitrary trait preference improves female-male coevolution. Artificial Life, 27(1), 15\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00335<\/span><\/p>\n

[15] Dorin, A., Korb, K. B., & Grimm, V. (2008). Artificial-life ecosystems: What are they and what could they become? In S. Bullock, J. Noble, R. Watson, & M. A. Bedau, (Eds.) Artificial Life XI (pp. 173\u2013180). MIT Press. <\/span><\/p>\n

[16] H. Hamann et al., “Flora Robotica – Mixed Societies of Symbiotic Robot-Plant Bio-Hybrids,” 2015 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, Cape Town, South Africa, 2015, pp. 1102-1109, doi: 10.1109\/SSCI.2015.158. <\/span><\/p>\n

[17] Marriott, C., Borg, J. M., Andras, P., & Smaldino, P. E. (2018). Social learning and cultural evolution in Artificial Life. Artificial Life, 24(1), 5\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/ARTL_a_00250 <\/span><\/p>\n

[18] Yamauchi, H., & Hashimoto, T. (2010). Relaxation of selection, niche construction, and the Baldwin effect in language evolution. Artificial Life, 16(4), 271\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00006, <\/span><\/p>\n

[19] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2304.05147<\/span><\/p>\n

[20] De Jong, K. (2005). Genetic algorithms: A 30-year perspective. In L. Booker, S. Forrest, M. Mitchell, & R. Riolo, (Eds.) Perspectives on adaptation in natural and artificial systems (pp. 1\u201332). Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780195162929.003.0006 <\/span><\/p>\n

[21] Lehman, J., Clune, J., Misevic, D., Adami, C., Beaulieu, J., Bentley, P. J., Bernard, S., Belson, G., Bryson, D. M., Cheney, N., Cully, A., Donciuex, S., Dyer, F. C., Ellefsen, K. O., Feldt, R., Fischer, S., Forrest, S., Fr\u00e9noy, A., Gagne\u00e9, C., \u2026 Yosinksi, J. (2020). The surprising creativity of digital evolution: A collection of anecdotes from the evolutionary computation and Artificial Life research communities. Artificial Life, 26(2), 274\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00319<\/span><\/p>\n

[22] Liard, V., Parsons, D. P., Rouzaud-Cornabas, J., & Beslon, G. (2020). The complexity ratchet: Stronger than selection, stronger than evolvability, weaker than robustness. Artificial Life, 26(1), 38\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00312 <\/span><\/p>\n

[23] Darwin, C. R. (1872). On the origin of species (6th ed.). Dent. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5962\/bhl.title.28875 <\/span><\/p>\n

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[25] Soros, L., & Stanley, K. (2014). Identifying necessary conditions for open-ended evolution through the artificial life world of Chromaria. In H. Sayama, J. Rieffel, S. Risi, R. Doursat, & H. Lipson (Eds.), ALIFE 14: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (pp. 793\u2013800). MIT Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/978-0-262-32621-6-ch128 <\/span><\/p>\n

[26] Corominas-Murtra, B., Seoane, L. F., & Sol\u00e9, R. (2018). Zipf\u2019s Law, unbounded complexity and open-ended evolution. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 15(149), 20180395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsif.2018.0395 <\/span><\/p>\n

[27] Cardoso, S. S. S., Cartwright, J. H. E., \u010cejkov\u00e1, J., Cronin, L., De Wit, A., Giannerini, S., Horv\u00e1th, D., Rodrigues, A., Russell, M. J., Sainz-D\u00edaz, C. I., & T\u00f3th, \u00c1. (2020). Chemobrionics: From self-assembled material architectures to the origin of life. Artificial Life, 26(3), 315\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00323 <\/span><\/p>\n

[28] Maynard Smith, J., & Szathm\u00e1ry, E. (1995). The major transitions in evolution. Oxford University Press<\/span><\/p>\n

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[30] Taylor, T. (2012). Exploring the Concept of Open-Ended Evolution. https:\/\/www.tim-taylor.com\/papers\/taylor2012exploring.pdf<\/span><\/p>\n

University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, Ackley, D., & Small, T. (2014). Indefinitely Scalable Computing = Artificial Life Engineering. Artificial Life 14: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems, 606\u2013613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/978-0-262-32621-6-ch098<\/span><\/p>\n

[31] Banzhaf, W., & Yamamoto, L. (2015). Artificial chemistries. MIT Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262029438.001.0001 <\/span><\/p>\n

[32] Hickinbotham, S., Clark, E., Stepney, S., Clarke, T., Nellis, A., Pay, M., & Young, P. (2011). Molecular microprograms. In ECAL 2009, Budapest, Hungary (pp. 297\u2013304). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-21283-3_37 <\/span><\/p>\n

[33] Tim Taylor; Evolutionary Innovations and Where to Find Them: Routes to Open-Ended Evolution in Natural and Artificial Systems. Artif Life 2019; 25 (2): 207\u2013224. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00290<\/span><\/p>\n

[34] Susan Stepney, Simon Hickinbotham; On the Open-Endedness of Detecting Open-Endedness. Artif Life 2023; doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00399<\/span><\/p>\n

[35] Emily L. Dolson, Anya E. Vostinar, Michael J. Wiser, Charles Ofria; The MODES Toolbox: Measurements of Open-Ended Dynamics in Evolving Systems. Artif Life 2019; 25 (1): 50\u201373. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00280<\/span><\/p>\n

[36] Hickinbotham Simon J., Stepney Susan and Hogeweg Paulien 2021Nothing in evolution makes sense except in the light of parasitism: evolution of complex replication strategiesR. Soc. Open Sci.8210441<\/span><\/p>\n

[37] Vostinar, A. E., & Ofria, C. (2018). Spatial structure can decrease symbiotic cooperation. Artificial Life, 24(4), 229\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/artl_a_00273<\/span><\/p>\n

[38] Weisbuch, G., Duchateau, G. Emergence of mutualism: Application of a differential model to endosymbiosis. Bltn Mathcal Biology 55, 1063\u20131090 (1993). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02460700<\/span><\/p>\n

[39] Hickinbotham, S., Stepney, S., & Hogeweg, P. (2021). Nothing in evolution makes sense except in the light of parasitism: Evolution of complex replication strategies. Royal Society Open Science, 8(8), 210441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsos.210441 <\/span><\/p>\n

[40] Bronstein, Judith L. (ed.), ‘The study of mutualism’, in Judith L. Bronstein (ed.), Mutualism (Oxford, 2015; online edn, Oxford Academic, 17 Sept. 2015), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199675654.003.0001<\/span><\/p>\n

[41] Crombach A, Hogeweg P. Evolution of resource cycling in ecosystems and individuals. BMC Evol Biol. 2009 Jun 1;9:122. doi: 10.1186\/1471-2148-9-122. PMID: 19486519; PMCID: PMC2698886.<\/span><\/p>\n

[42] \u4f5c\u8005\u7ed3\u5408 https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Symbiosis \u4ee5\u53ca[40] Figure 1.1\u56fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\u81ea\u5236.<\/span><\/p>\n

[43] Turney PD. Evolution of Autopoiesis and Multicellularity in the Game of Life. Artif Life. 2021 Jun 11;27(1):26-43. doi: 10.1162\/artl_a_00334. PMID: 34529755.<\/span><\/p>\n

[44] Vostinar AE, Skocelas KG, Lalejini A and Zaman L (2021) Symbiosis in Digital Evolution: Past, Present, and Future. Front. Ecol. Evol. 9:739047. doi: 10.3389\/fevo.2021.739047<\/span><\/p>\n

[45] Gillings MR, Hilbert M, Kemp DJ. Information in the Biosphere: Biological and Digital Worlds. Trends Ecol Evol. 2016 Mar;31(3):180-189. doi: 10.1016\/j.tree.2015.12.013. Epub 2016 Jan 8. PMID: 26777788.<\/span><\/p>\n

[46] Abramov, O., Bebell, K.L. & Mojzsis, S.J. Emergent Bioanalogous Properties of Blockchain-based Distributed Systems. Orig Life Evol Biosph 51, 131\u2013165 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11084-021-09608-1<\/span><\/p>\n

[47] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2310.19852<\/span><\/p>\n

[48] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2202.09447<\/span><\/p>\n

[49] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2103.09990<\/span><\/p>\n

[50] https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GOFAI<\/span><\/p>\n

[51] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2112.04035<\/span><\/p>\n

[52] Harvey I. Motivations for Artificial Intelligence, for Deep Learning, for ALife: Mortality and Existential Risk. Artif Life. 2024 Feb 1;30(1):48-64. doi: 10.1162\/artl_a_00427. PMID: 38346273. <\/span><\/p>\n

[53] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2301.08243  <\/span><\/p>\n

[54] https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/artl\/article\/29\/2\/141\/116359\/Editorial-What-Have-Large-Language-Models-and <\/span><\/p>\n

[54]https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/isal_a_00431<\/span><\/p>\n

[55] https:\/\/medium.com\/p\/68c29c1e374e<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/medium.com\/p\/2f1853f8a1d7<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/medium.com\/p\/1d81efda13\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n

[56] Han BA, Varshney KR, LaDeau S, Subramaniam A, Weathers KC, Zwart J. A synergistic future for AI and ecology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Sep 19;120(38):e2220283120. doi: 10.1073\/pnas.2220283120. Epub 2023 Sep 11. PMID: 37695904; PMCID: PMC10515155.<\/span><\/p>\n

[57] Kevin Godin-Dubois, Sylvain Cussat-Blanc, Yves Duthen; July 18\u201322, 2021. “Spontaneous modular NeuroEvolution arising from a life\/dinner paradox.” Proceedings of the ALIFE 2021: The 2021 Conference on Artificial Life. ALIFE 2021: The 2021 Conference on Artificial Life. Online. (pp. 95). ASME. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/isal_a_00431<\/span><\/p>\n


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\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u53ef\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u52a8<\/strong>\u67e5\u770b\uff09<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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AI By Complexity\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u62db\u52df\u4e2d<\/strong>
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\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
AI by Complexity \u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u6027\u600e\u6837\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3AI\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong> \u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\uff1a\u5bfb\u627e\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6839\u6e90<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u547d\u5168\u666f\u56fe\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/a><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u8d85\u7ea7\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u53ef\u80fd\u8def\u5f84<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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