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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aFinding emergence in data: causal emergence inspired dynamics learning<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nsr\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/nsr\/nwae279\/7732052<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u628a\u6d8c\u73b0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\u7684Pattern\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6293\u4f4f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u3002\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f<\/span>\uff08Game of Life\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u4f73\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u80de\u6839\u636e\u516b\u4e2a\u90bb\u5c45\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u662f\u201c\u751f\u201d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u6b7b\u201d\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5143\u80de\u4f1a\u7ec4\u6210\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u201d\u201c\u4fe1\u53f7\u706f\u201d\u3002\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u75315\u4e2a\u9ed1\u8272\u65b9\u683c\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u4e09\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u659c\u5bf9\u89d2\u7684\u5300\u901f\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u89c6\u5b83\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7684Pattern\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u201d\u7684\u5300\u901f\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8\u89c4\u5f8b\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u5957\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u89c4\u5f8b\u201d\u5728\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u66f4\u8ba9\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u6211\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6d3b\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u6210\u7684Pattern\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684Pattern\u5374\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u5947\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u65f6\u523b\u6325\u821e\u6211\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u624b\u81c2\u9075\u5faa\u600e\u6837\u7684\u7269\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4\u201c\u6211\u201d\u7684\u624b\u81c2\u201c\u6390\u6b7b\u201d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u7684\u6028\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u7bad\u5934\u201d\u4ece\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u624b\u81c2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u6325\u5b83\u6740\u6b7b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fae\u89c2\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u9664\u4e86\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684Pattern\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u89c4\u5f8b\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u89c4\u5f8b\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ece\u5b8f\u89c2\u6307\u5411\u5fae\u89c2<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6709\u8da3Pattern\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u66f4\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08Causal Power\uff09<\/span>\u7684Pattern\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5b83\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u201c\u521b\u9020\u201d\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u72ec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u659c\u5bf9\u89d2\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u6325\u3001\u6740\u6b7b\u6784\u6210\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6765\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5f20\u6c5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u3002\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u201c\u8d4b\u4e88\u201d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u65e0\u751f\u547d\u529b\u201d\u7684Pattern\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u201d\u65e0\u8bba\u6709\u591a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6784\u6210\u8fd9\u7c7bPattern\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u6ed1\u7fd4\u673a\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u518d\u5e73\u6ed1\u6d41\u7545\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u90a3\u4e09\u6761\u7b80\u5355\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5374\u4eff\u4f5b\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u201d\u4e86\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u4e09\u6761\u6784\u6210\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u51e1\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u90fd\u662f\u865a\u5984\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u56e0\u679c\u89c4\u5f8b\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u73b0\u8c61\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8bf4\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u987f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u88ab\u81ea\u5df1\u5413\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8d28\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e48\u60f3\u771f\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u771f\u7684\u7834\u89e3\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u4e4b\u8c1c\u5417\uff1f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u5426\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u8d70\u5411\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5462\uff1f\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e00\u6643\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u96f6\u96f6\u6563\u6563\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u8bfb\u5230\u4e86 Erik Hoel \u4e0eGiulio Tononi \u7b49\u4eba\u57282013\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff1aQuantifying causal emergence shows that macro can beat micro\uff08<\/span>\u53c2\u770b\u300a\u91cf\u5316\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6218\u80dc\u5fae\u89c2<\/a>\u300b\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 <\/strong>Giulio Tononi\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Integrated Information Theory\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d Erik Hoel \u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u8bba\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6709\u540d\u6c14\u7684\u79d1\u5e7b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Giulio Tononi<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Erik Hoel<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5316\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u201c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u201d<\/span>\uff08Effective Information, EI\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u523b\u753b\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u628a\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5373\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7528\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u523b\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8bf4\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\uff0cCoarse-graining\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u7b80\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8bf4\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\uff1ahttps:\/\/wiki.swarma.org\/index.php\/\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a\u300a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u5e94\u7528\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a>\u300b
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\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u653e\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u7c7b\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u4e0d\u5931\u4e00\u822c\u6027\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08EI\uff09<\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56e0\u679c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u627e\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u5934\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u6765\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u524d\uff0cTononi\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u7528Judea Pearl\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7406\u8bba\u6539\u9020\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u523b\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u8f6c\u79fb\u77e9\u9635<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cTononi\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u523b\u753b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u03a6\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0cHoel\u548cTononi\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u62ff\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u53bb\u523b\u753b\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7075\u9b42<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\n

\u201c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\uff1a<\/span>\u5168\u7f51\u6700\u5168\u603b\u7ed3\uff01\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\u201c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u201d\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0cHoel\u4e0eTononi\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f15\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528Hoel\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u7ec8\u7ea6\u51cf\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aErik Hoel\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6ca1\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u505a\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6070\u6070\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6d8c\u73b0\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u3002\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u513f\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u770b\u6765\u6beb\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u540d\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u5bb6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4ef7\u503c\u8fde\u57ce<\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u77f3\u5934\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u51e1\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u80fd\u529b<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u7ec6\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6070\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ed3\u5408Erik Hoel\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6839\u636e\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5f20\u6c5f\u5f88\u5feb\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u62df\u5408\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e5f\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6052\u7b49\u6620\u5c04\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e86\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\u4e86\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6700\u597d\u80fd\u6254\u6389\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u6254\u5f97\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba9\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u8fdb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6b63\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5c24\u4ea6\u5e84\u5173\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u7fa4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u9006\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08invertible neural network\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6d41<\/span>\uff08normalizing flow\uff09<\/span>\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u91cd\u6574\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u4e43\u81f3\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

UCSD\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5c24\u4ea6\u5e84<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u5957\u6280\u672f\u501f\u9274\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u53f3\u4fa7\u5904\u7406t+1\u65f6\u523b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u65b9\u5411\u7ed9\u8c03\u8f6c\u4e86\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002\u53ef\u9006\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff1a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u9006\u8f6c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8c03\u8f6c\u65b9\u5411\u4e5f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u4fbf\u629b\u5f03\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u61c2\u5f97\u4fdd\u7559\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6570\u636ext+1<\/sub>\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

NIS\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7ba1\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u4e24\u5934\u7c97\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ec6\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u8ba9\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u6324\u538b\u518d\u6d41\u51fa\u53bb\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u8c61\u5316\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u5668<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Neural Information Squeezer\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0NIS\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u7684t\u65f6\u523b\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u964d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230t\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u6570\u636eyt<\/sub>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4bt+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001yt+1<\/sub>\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5b83\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u6d4b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u89e3\u7801\u5230\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u9884\u6d4b<\/sub>\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684t+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u6570\u636ex<\/span>t+1<\/sub>\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6574\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u66f4\u8ba9\u4eba\u9ad8\u5174\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u53ef\u9006\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u7406\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u4e0a\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373I(yt<\/sub>, yt+1<\/sub>)\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7b49\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373I(xt<\/sub>, xt+1<\/sub>)\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u629b\u6389\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5f20\u6c5f\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u8fd9\u6761\u9053\u8def\u975e\u5e38\u575a\u5b9a\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u656c\u754f\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u7275\u52a8\u7740\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u5f26\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u7855\u58eb\u751f\u6768\u660e\u54f2<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u6768\u660e\u54f2\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u4e2d\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u5c31\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u3002\u4ed6\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u79d1\u666e\u4e66\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u524d\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u201c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b63\u89e3\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u8bc6\u8fd9\u79cd\u795e\u5947\u73b0\u8c61\u80cc\u540e\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u8180\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ef6\u4f38\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u5174\u594b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u628a\u8682\u8681\u5f62\u6210\u8681\u7fa4\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u8bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\uff0c\u53c8\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u8bf4\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u8fd9\u822c\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90fd\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u5c45\u7136\u4f1a\u4e00\u672c\u6b63\u7ecf\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f46\u771f\u7684\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n

Judea Pearl \u4ecb\u7ecd\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u79d1\u666e\u4e66<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u5728\u542c\u5f20\u6c5f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u90a3\u5f20\u5c3a\u5ea6-\u65f6\u95f4\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\uff1a\u539f\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff01\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u5728\u5f20\u6c5f\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4e0b\u5f88\u5feb\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e86Judea Pearl \u7684\u79d1\u666e\u4e66\u300a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65b0\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u5907\u53d7\u9f13\u821e\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u9636\u68af\u7b80\u6d01\u5730\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u50cf\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u539f\u672c\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1f\u6000\u63e3\u7740\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u51b3\u5b9a\u52a0\u5165\u8fd9\u8d9f\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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NIS+\uff1a\u805a\u7126\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c0f\u7ec4\u521d\u671f\u6210\u5458\u5305\u62ec\u7855\u58eb\u751f\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u3001\u5218\u51ef\u5a01\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f\u3001\u5f20\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7740\u8ff7\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5415\u5965\u535a\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5723\u8def\u6613\u65af\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u786e\u8ba4\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u7ee7\u7eedNIS\u6846\u67b6\u5f80\u4e0b\u505a\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u89c1\u9762\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0NIS\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u5982\u6b64\u53cd\u590d\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u9762\u9762\u76f8\u89d1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u201d\u662f\u6307NIS\u6ca1\u80fd\u591f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f\u8fd9\u5173\u4e4e\u5230NIS\u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u76ee\u524dNIS\u53ea\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u6765\u51cf\u5c0f\u5fae\u89c2\u4e0a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e3a\u662f\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5927\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb Erik Hoel \u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u5c0f\u5b57\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6613\u5bdf\u89c9\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0cErik Hoel \u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u628a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

NIS\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u628a\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u5668\u8981\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u9608\u503c<\/sub>\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5199\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6570\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6c42\u89e3\u5b83\u5374\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u89e3\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7do\u5e72\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u96be\u5ea6<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u7684NIS\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u53d6\u5de7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed5\u5f00\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u9f13\u821e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u7136\u5982\u6897\u5728\u5589\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e86\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u601d\u8003\u7684\u63a5\u529b\u68d2\u4f20\u5230\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u672c\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u6c42\u89e3\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u73a9\u5177\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3002\u5e78\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u4f4d\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8881\u51b0\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u3002\u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u5374\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5ff5\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u81ea\u5b66\u8fc7 Judea Pearl \u7684\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u70ed\u5fc3\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u5165\u95e8\u540c\u5b66\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u8881\u8001\u5e08\u201d\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8881\u51b0\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u516c\u53f8\u8f9e\u804c\uff0c\u800c\u5f98\u5f8a\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5927\u9053\u8fd8\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ed6\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u5f20\u6c5f\u6210\u529f\u6e38\u8bf4\u4ed6\u52a0\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u653b\u514b\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u6070\u6070\u662f\u539f\u672c\u56e2\u961f\u6240\u6b20\u7f3a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8881\u51b0<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u548c\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u63a8\u6572\u6570\u5b66\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53d8\u5206\u4e0b\u754c\u662f\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u3002\u67d0\u4e00\u6b21\u6c47\u62a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86NIS+\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u7248\u795e\u7ecf\u4fe1\u606f\u538b\u7f29\u673a<\/span>\uff08NIS+\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u5f00\u59cb\u8301\u58ee\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u5927\u6740\u56db\u65b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u548c\u8881\u51b0\u5148\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u5f39\u7c27\u632f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\uff0cKuramoto \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caSIS\u3001SIR\u7b49\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5f39\u7c27\u632f\u5b50\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\uff0cKuramoto \u96be\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u5c06\u76ee\u5149\u9501\u5b9a\u5728 SIR \u611f\u67d3\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h1>\n


<\/span><\/h1>\n

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<\/section>\n

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<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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NIS+\u62d3\u5c55\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f\u6b63\u9677\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6ce5\u6cbc\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6587\u7ae0\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u5417\uff1f\u5b83\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u81ea\u7136\u671f\u671bNIS+\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u8c01\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u3002\u201d\u5f20\u6c5f\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u63d0\u9192\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709ground truth\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u3002\u201d\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f\u8bf4\u9053\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u5c40\u90e8\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u6709\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u505a\u65f6\u95f4\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u9664\u4e86\u65f6\u7a7a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cNIS+\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0a\u73a9\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u82b1\u6837\uff0c\u50cf\u642d\u79ef\u6728\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5806\u53e0\u7f16\u7801\u5668<\/span>\uff08Stack\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9NIS+\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9010\u5c42\u964d\u7ef4\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u8bad\u7ec3\u538b\u529b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u5e76\u8054\u7f16\u7801\u5668<\/span>\uff08Parallel\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6253\u5305\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5e76\u8054\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u672c\u504c\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5148\u5206\u5272\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a9*9\u7684\u5c0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6<\/span>\uff08Multistory\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u5c42\u540c\u65f6\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u53c2\u6570\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5218\u51ef\u5a01\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u7855\u58eb\u751f\u5218\u51ef\u5a01<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u632b\u6298\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u4f34\u76f8\u751f\uff0c\u591a\u5c42\u5e76\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u5c11\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u914d\u591a\u5c42\u9884\u6d4b loss \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff1f\u600e\u6837\u5728\u591a\u5c42\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5e76\u4e14\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff1f\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7ec6\u8282\u6216\u662f\u5927\u5c40\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u503e\u60c5\u6295\u5165\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u91d1\u4e30\u548c\u521b\u4e1a\u56ed\u533a\u91cc\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u51f6\u608d\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u5c0f\u732b\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u5317\u5e08\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u91cc\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u5ba4\uff0c\u9690\u533f\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u95e8\u5934\u6c9f\u533a\u7684\u96c6\u667a\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u90fd\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u7fa4\u4eba\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u65f6\u7684\u70ed\u95f9\uff0c\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u7684\u51b7\u6e05\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u65f6\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u548c\u6cae\u4e27\u3002\u6ca1\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8def\u6709\u591a\u957f\uff0c\u4f1a\u8d70\u591a\u4e45\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u6355\u6349\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65e5\u8d8b\u6210\u719f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

NIS+\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u542b\u6709\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5728SIR\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cNIS+\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6548\u679c\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2SIR\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5728\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u573a\uff0c\u5b83\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u5904\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u672a\u6765\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caNIS+\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u573a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230NIS+\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8eNIS\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u57fa\u672c\u91cd\u5408\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660eNIS+\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7528\u9e1f\u7fa4\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5NIS+\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u5145\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cNIS+\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u6355\u83b7\u4e24\u4e2a\u7fa4\u7ec4\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u5b9e\u7ebf\u6240\u793a\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u9e1f\u7fa4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u566a\u58f0\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u566a\u58f0\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\u662f\u6307\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u800c\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u5219\u662f\u6307\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u9e1f\u7fa4\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u8fed\u4ee3\u800c\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u566a\u58f0\u5206\u522b\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5de6\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u566a\u58f0\u6c34\u5e73\u5c0f\u4e8e0.1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u52a0\u5f3a\u800c\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u8d8a\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u663e\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u566a\u58f0\u6c34\u5e73\u5927\u4e8e0.1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u97f3\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8fc7\u5f3a\u7684\u566a\u97f3\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53f3\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e0e\u89c2\u6d4b\u566a\u58f0\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\u6c34\u5e73\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8d8a\u5f31\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u6d88\u9664\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u58f0\u6c34\u5e73\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f0.4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee<\/span>\uff08normalized MAE\uff09<\/span>\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6a21\u578b\u5df2\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u68d2\u4e5f\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6fc0\u52a8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8bef\u5dee\u53d8\u5316\u622a\u65ad\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u9608\u503c0.3\u548cSIR\u5b9e\u9a8c\u91cc\u7684\u9608\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5de7\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u201d\u5218\u51ef\u5a01\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u9e1f\u7fa4\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u76f8\u53d8\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u566a\u97f3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u5728\u672a\u6765\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u4e34\u754c\u76f8\u53d8\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u628a\u67b6\u6784\u7075\u6d3b\u591a\u53d8\u7684NIS+\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u6240\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u6355\u6349\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u7684Pattern\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Pattern<\/span>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u3001\u5468\u671f\u632f\u8361\u7684\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u57fa\u672c\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\uff0cNIS+\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684Pattern\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h1>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4ee5\u540e\uff0cNIS+\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8eNIS\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u533a\u57df\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728SIR\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5c06\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u53d6\u503c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u88ab\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5c31\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u6240\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u533a\u57df\u3002\u800c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u76f8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u67f1\u5b50\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\u5ea6\u91cf\u662f\u7528\u5168\u90e8\u7a7a\u95f4\u533a\u57df\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u6b65\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u5224\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u663e\u770b\u51fa\uff0cNIS+\u5177\u6709\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u67f1\u5b50\u662f\u5f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u540c\u6837\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u591a\u6b65\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bef\u5dee\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5185\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230NIS+\u548cNIS\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5c31\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u8457\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u786e\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u5728\u9e1f\u7fa4\u548c\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u7b49\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86NIS+\u548cNIS\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9e1f\u7fa4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u968f\u7740\u6d4b\u8bd5\u533a\u57df\u7684\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u8bef\u5dee\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u663e\u770b\u51fa\uff0cNIS+\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8eNIS\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u534a\u5f84\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u968f\u7740\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u9010\u6e10\u6301\u5e73\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660eNIS+\u7684\u786e\u6bd4NIS\u5728\u9e1f\u7fa4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u5dee\u5f02\u968f\u7740\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u53d8\u5927\u800c\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0cNIS+\u5728\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5177\u5907\u6bd4NIS\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u9884\u6d4b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5728\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9NIS+\u6446\u8131\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u7ed9\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u9884\u6d4b\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e72\u9884\u4e3a\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9006\u6982\u7387\u91cd\u52a0\u6743\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u9884\u6d4b\u5668\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u5728\u4e8eNIS+\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316EI\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u56e0\u679c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h1>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528NIS+\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5426\u6709\u8fd9\u822c\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1f2023\u5e744\u6708\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u53c8\u5438\u7eb3\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u5904\u4e8eGAP Year\u7684\u96c6\u667a\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u79d1\u7814\u52a9\u7406\u8363\u82f1\u6dc7\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5927\u8111fMRI\u6570\u636e\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u5904\u7406\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8111\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1NIS+\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8c08\u5230\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u52a0\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8363\u82f1\u6dc7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u6bd4\u8f83\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u3002\u201d\u81f3\u6b64\uff0cNIS+\u516d\u4eba\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5168\u90e8\u96c6\u9f50\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7ea6\u7ff0\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u8363\u82f1\u6dc7<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5NIS+\u548cNIS\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8363\u82f1\u6dc7\u9009\u62e9\u4e86830\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684fMRI\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4e24\u7ec4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u662f\u8fd9830\u591a\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bd5\u89c2\u770b\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u89c6\u9891\u6240\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u7684fMRI\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u662f\u8fd9830\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bd5\u5904\u4e8e\u9759\u606f\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u8363\u82f1\u6dc7\u8003\u5bdf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6c34\u5e73\u65f6\uff0c\u5f97\u5230q=1\u7ef4\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

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NIS+\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u6765\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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