{"id":52485,"date":"2024-09-03T22:50:11","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T14:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=52485"},"modified":"2024-09-03T22:50:11","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T14:50:11","slug":"%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b3%e7%ad%89%e7%9a%84%e8%b5%b7%e6%ba%90%e4%b8%8e%e5%ba%94%e5%af%b9%e4%b8%a8%e7%a7%91%e5%ad%a6%e5%ad%a6%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e4%bc%9a%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e6%9c%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=52485","title":{"rendered":"\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e28\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4e3b\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span>Ranking mobility and impact inequality: Perspective from individual careers and intergenerational mentor-mentee dynamics<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5206\u4eab\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u5c06\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u6392\u540d\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u53ca\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u5c06\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5256\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u6392\u540d\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63ed\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u5bfc\u5e08\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ee3\u9645\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u66f2\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u4e0e\u4ee3\u9645\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u5411\u4e0a\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.1 \u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u6392\u540d\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/section>\n
1.2 \u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u6e38\u8d70\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0<\/span><\/section>\n
1.3 \u6392\u540d\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\u7684\u6f14\u5316<\/span><\/section>\n

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2.1 \u5bfc\u5e08-\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ee3\u9645\u6d41\u52a8\u6027<\/span><\/section>\n
2.2 \u5b66\u672f\u4ee3\u9645\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u5728\u5e08\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6027\u522b\u53ca\u673a\u6784\u58f0\u8a89\u4e2d\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/span><\/section>\n
2.3 \u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4ee3\u9645\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\u7684\u5173\u8054<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5b66\u672f\u6392\u540d\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\uff08Ranking Mobility \uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6027\uff08Impact Inequality\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u66f2\u7ebf\uff08The Great Gatsby Curve\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n


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\u4e3b\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span>Inequality and inequity in science: Perspectives from gender and country<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5206\u4eab\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u6027\u522b\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8003\u5bdf\u6027\u522b\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u3001\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u5206\u4eab\u5c06\u5ba1\u89c6\u56fd\u5bb6\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6d41\u52a8\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1.1 \u79d1\u5b66\u65b0\u9896\u6027\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span><\/section>\n
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2.1 \u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u8bae\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span><\/section>\n
2.2 \u79d1\u5b66\u5408\u4f5c\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\u6027\u522b\uff08Gender\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff08Productivity\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n
\u79d1\u5b66\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Science eco-system\uff09<\/span><\/section>\n

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2024\u5e749\u67087\u65e5\uff08\u672c\u5468\u516d\uff09\u665a\u4e0a19:00-21<\/span>:00<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u671f\u95f4\u7533\u8bf7\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba\u3002\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5747\u9075\u5faa\u5185\u5bb9\u5171\u521b\u5171\u4eab\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u62a5\u540d\u8d39\u9000\u6b3e\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u4eab\u672c\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a\u9762\u5411\u672a\u6765\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u5f00\u653e\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/a><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u9636\u5c42\uff08Strata\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u8bed\uff1a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u6392\u540d\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u9876\u7aef\u548c\u5e95\u7aef\u6392\u540d\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u6700\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u79d1\u6709\u6240\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u6392\u540d\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u8d8a\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b66\u672f\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
Sun, Y., Caccioli, F., & Livan, G. (2023). Ranking mobility and impact inequality in early academic careers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(34), e2305196120.<\/span><\/section>\n

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Zhang, Sam, et al. “Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities.” Science advances 8.46 (2022): eabq7056.<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u8bed\uff1a\u660e\u661f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
Azoulay, Pierre, Christian Fons-Rosen, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin. 2019. \u201cDoes Science Advance One Funeral at a Time?\u201d American Economic Review 109 (8): 2889\u20132920.<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6027\u522b\uff08Gender\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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Liu, Fengyuan, et al. “Gender inequality and self-publication are common among academic editors.” Nature human behaviour 7.3 (2023): 353-364.<\/span><\/section>\n

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Huang, Junming, et al. “Historical comparison of gender inequality in scientific careers across countries and disciplines.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences117.9 (2020): 4609-4616.<\/span><\/section>\n

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Zhao, X., Akbaritabar, A., Kashyap, R., & Zagheni, E. (2023). A gender perspective on the global migration of scholars. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120(10), e2214664120.<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u79cd\u65cf\uff08Race\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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Liu, Fengyuan, Talal Rahwan, and Bedoor AlShebli. “Non-White scientists appear on fewer editorial boards, spend more time under review, and receive fewer citations.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120.13 (2023): e2215324120.<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fd\u9645\uff08Nation\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u8bed\uff1a\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u53ea\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u548c\u5bf9\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684AI\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5bf9\u6297\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e24\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u5408\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u601d\u8003\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002AlShebli, Bedoor, et al. “China and the US produce more impactful AI research when collaborating together.” arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.11123 (2023).<\/span><\/section>\n

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AlShebli, Bedoor, et al. “Beijing\u2019s central role in global artificial intelligence research.” Scientific reports 12.1 (2022): 21461.<\/span><\/section>\n

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Chen, Hong, et al. “Geographical disparities in navigating rejection in science drive disparities in its file drawer.” Available at SSRN (2024).<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5176\u4ed6\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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Azoulay, P., Qiu, S., & Steinwender, C. (2023). Who stands on the shoulders of Chinese (scientific) giants? Evidence from chemistry.<\/span><\/section>\n
Qiu, S., Steinwender, C., & Azoulay, P. (2024). Paper Tiger? Chinese Science and Home Bias in Citations (No. w32468). National Bureau of Economic Research.<\/span><\/section>\n

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