{"id":52657,"date":"2024-09-12T21:14:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-12T13:14:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=52657"},"modified":"2024-09-12T21:14:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T13:14:12","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%80%e6%b5%8b%e9%87%8f%e4%b8%96%e9%97%b4%e4%b8%87%e7%89%a9%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=52657","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7edf\u4e00\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e16\u95f4\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u8fd1\u671f\uff0cTim Bayne\u3001Anil Seth \u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8868\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76 Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u57fa\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u642d\u5efa\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u5411\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8ba9\u00b7\u591a\u7c73\u5c3c\u514b\u00b7\u535a\u6bd4<\/span>\uff08Jean-Dominique Bauby\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u6cd5\u56fd\u65f6\u5c1a\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u65f6\u88c5\u4e4b\u82d1\u300b\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4ee5\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\u7684\u300a\u6f5c\u6c34\u949f\u4e0e\u8774\u8776\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u95ed\u9501\u7efc\u5408\u5f81<\/span>\uff08locked-in syndrome\uff09<\/span>\u60a3\u8005\u88ab\u56da\u7981\u5728\u4e00\u5177\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d<\/span>\uff08consciousness\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u665a\u8fd1\u624d\u5174\u76db\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u66f4\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u58c1\u753b\u4e5f\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7aef\u502a\uff0c\u4f46\u56f4\u7ed5\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8eab\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u8fd8\u662f\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7981\u5fcc\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u662f\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u3001\u542b\u6df7\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u589e\u6dfb\u4efb\u4f55\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u624d\u5cf0\u56de\u8def\u8f6c*\u3002\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/span>\uff08folk psychology\uff09<\/span>\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u5206\u5e03\u201d\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u6027\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6[1]\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u6e05\u9192\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9189\u9152\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u3001\u660f\u8ff7\u3001\u690d\u7269\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u8111\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e2d\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5448\u9012\u51cf\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8482\u59c6\u00b7\u8d1d\u6069<\/span>\uff08Tim Bayne\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u963f\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u585e\u65af<\/span>\uff08Anil Seth\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4eba\u53e6\u8f9f\u8e4a\u5f84\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u610f\u8bc6\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u57fa\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08Tests for consciousness\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u642d\u5efa\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u5411\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u5bfc\u5efa\u6784\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Bayne, Tim, et al. “Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond.” Trends in cognitive sciences (2024).<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u65af\u5766\u5c3c\u65af\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u8fea\u6602<\/span>\uff08Stanislas Dehaene\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u8111\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u300b\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u63a8\u52a8\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u65b0\u7115\u53d1\u751f\u673a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff1b\u5b66\u754c\u91cd\u65b0\u91cd\u89c6\u5bf9\u4e3b\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4e00\u540c\u5e2e\u52a9\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u8d70\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5bd2\u51ac\u201d\u3002\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u8111\u78c1\u56fe\u7b49\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fea\u6602\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u64cd\u4f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u901a\u8fbe\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u201c\u4e3b\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\u5219\u662f\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u5185\u683c\u5c14<\/span>\uff08Thomas Nagel\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u53ea\u8759\u8760\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u201c\u50cf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d<\/span>\uff08what it is like\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6216\u5e03\u6d1b\u514b<\/span>\uff08Ned Block\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fea\u6602\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4e5f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u67e5\u5c14\u83ab\u65af<\/span>\uff08David Chalmers\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u533a\u5206\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u96be\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5176\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u7840\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8bf4\u660e\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u5728\u6027\uff1b\u6613\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u95ee\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u5173\u4e4e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\uff0c\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56de\u7b54\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\uff0c\u4f46\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u201d\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u9e3f\u6c9f\u3002\u4f46\u5c31\u7b97\u89e3\u7b54\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6613\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u9a6c\u745f\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u67e5\u5c14\u83ab\u65af\u6240\u6307\u7684\u201c\u96be\u201d\u662f\u6307\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6cbf\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u8def\u63a2\u7d22\u610f\u8bc6\u8c1c\u9898\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4e3a\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u79d1\u5b66\u5219\u907f\u5f00\u5bf9\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u901a\u8fbe\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u63a5\u8fd1\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08global workspace theory\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u9ad8\u9636\u601d\u60f3\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08higher-order thought theory\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\uff1b\u524d\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u901a\u8fbe\u6027\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u770b\u91cd\u5143\u8868\u5f81\u5bf9\u4e00\u9636\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u6307\u6d89\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u8111\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u524d\u989d\u53f6\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u8111\u533a\u7684\u6307\u6d89\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u610f\u8bc6\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u62a5\u544a\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u91ca\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5168\u5c40\u795e\u7ecf\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a<\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5927\u4e00\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u8981\u6765\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u963f\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u585e\u65af\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u56f0\u5b88\u4e8e\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u629b\u5f00\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u4e0d\u8c08\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f6c\u5411\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u95ee\u9898\uff08real problem\uff09\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/strong>\u963f\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u585e\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u5f97\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u6d88\u901d\u4e8e\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u8ff7\u96fe\u4e4b\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u89c6\u57df\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u65b0\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4ece\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u5411\u771f\u6b63\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u66f4\u52a0\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u76f8\u4e92\u6f84\u6e05\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u5370\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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2. \u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u63d0\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u4e34\u8fd1\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u89c9\u9192\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u81ea\u613f\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u89c9\u9192\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\uff1b\u690d\u7269\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u7ecf\u5386\u663c\u591c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5374\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u9608\u4e0b\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5fc3\u667a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u8d1d\u6069\u7b49\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u76ee\u5149\u9501\u5b9a\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u76f4\u6307\u73b0\u8c61\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3001\u77e5\u89c9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u5171\u53d8\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6700\u591a\u662f\u6309\u56fe\u7d22\u9aa5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u592a\u5c0f\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u3001\u77ed\u5c3e\u7334\u3001\u8001\u9f20\u548c\u7ae0\u9c7c\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3a\u8303\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ece\u5176\u4e2d\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u53ea\u5360\u636e\u610f\u8bc6\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u9685\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5212\u5b9a\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7586\u57df\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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3. \u6807\u51c6\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u9884\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u9002\u7528\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5224\u51b3\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u4fa7\u91cd\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5173\u6ce8\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u5173\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6270\u52a8\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6307\u793a\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span>\uff08Perturbational complexity index test\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5173\u6ce8\u795e\u7ecf\u7684\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u5bf9\u5fc3\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e6\u53d1\u610f\u8bc6\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8eab\u4f53\u611f\u89c9<\/span>\uff08\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u6c14\u5473\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u53cd\u5e94<\/span>\uff08\u4ea7\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u5e76\u670d\u4ece\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5bf9\u9608\u4e0b\u53ca\u9608\u4e0a\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u6240\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6307\u793a\u7269<\/span>\uff08indicator\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u67d0\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\u662f\u5426\u9002\u7528\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u89c6\u4f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u6709\u65e0\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u8bc1\u636e\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\u4e3a\u89e3\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8d1d\u6069\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d \uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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4. \u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5f3a\u8c03\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u8bb8\u4ec5\u9002\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7075\u957f\u7c7b\u52a8\u7269\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u9002\u7528\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u5f53\u80fd\u591f\u6db5\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5907\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65e2\u4e0d\u5e94\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u79f0\u4e3a\u5047\u9633\u6027\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c06\u5b9e\u9645\u62e5\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad\u4e3a\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u79f0\u4e3a\u5047\u9634\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u524d\u8005\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08specificity\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5047\u9633\u7387\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u662f\u654f\u611f\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff08sensitivity\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5047\u9634\u7387\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u3002\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u548c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u662f\u6307\u5728\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5047\u9633\u6027\u662f\u6307\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u8bca\u65ad\u4e3a\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\u5047\u9634\u6027\u662f\u6307\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u8bca\u65ad\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4-\u670d\u4ece\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span>\uff08command-following test\uff09<\/span>\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u884c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u60a3\u8005\u5bf9\u5fc3\u7406\u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5907\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u4e34\u5e8a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u610f\u8bc6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6307\u793a\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6700\u5c0f\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u766b\u75eb\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u884c\u8d70\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5207\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u542c\u5230\u6216\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u6307\u4ee4\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u9879\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u51c6\u786e<\/strong>\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u51c6\u786e\u6392\u9664\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u654f\u611f\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff09<\/span>\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u7b49\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u5177\u5907\u9ad8\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u800c\u4f4e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6f0f\u5224\u771f\u6b63\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\uff1b\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u654f\u611f\u6027\u9ad8\u4f46\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4f4e\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u5224\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4e0e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u671f\u5f85\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7fa4\u4f53\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u7279\u5f02\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u3002\u4f4e\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d70\u9519\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u524d\u9762\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5047\u9633\u7387\u3001\u5047\u9634\u7387\u662f\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4e0e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u5f52\u7eb3\u6027\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f\u7406\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6<\/strong><\/span>\uff08rational confidence\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4f30\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u548c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4e8c\u9636\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u79d1\u5b66\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u5224\u65ad\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765*\u3002\u7406\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u7406\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4f4e\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u5177\u5efa\u8bae\u6027\u800c\u975e\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u786e\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u9879\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5176\u4ed6\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5224\u65ad\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n
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\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u884c\uff09\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u5217\uff09\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002\u52a0\u53f7 (+) \u8868\u660e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u7fa4\u8fdb\u884c\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u7279\u5f02\u6027\/\u654f\u611f\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u7834\u6298\u53f7 (\u2212) \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u6216\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u95ee\u53f7 (?) \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u80fd\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u5426\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u53f7\u548c\u95ee\u53f7 (+?) \u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u8868\u793a\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u8be5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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5. \u5982\u4f55\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u8bc1\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc4\u5b9a\u5176\u7406\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4e0e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc1\u660e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u6765\u65ad\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u786e\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7fa4\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u585e\u65af\u3001\u8d1d\u6069\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5217\u4e3e\u51fa\u4e09\u79cd\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e92\u65a5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8003\u91cf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\uff08The redeployment strategy\uff09<\/span>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8ba8\u8bba\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f85\u8bf4\u660e\uff1b\u57fa\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\uff08the theory-based strategy\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u8f83\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5c1a\u672a\u76d6\u68fa\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u54ea\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u51ed\u8bc1\u5c1a\u65e0\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff1b\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u524d\u4e24\u8005\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565<\/span>\uff08the iterative strategy\uff09<\/span>\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u666e\u904d\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5176\u8fed\u4ee3\u6027\u8d28\u4f7f\u5f97\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5904\u4e8e\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u7b56\u7565\u4e00\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u5f85\u8003\u8651\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u53d8\u4f53\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u627f\u8ba4\u5916\u663e\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08overt behavior\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u5185\u9690\u7684<\/span>\uff08covert\uff09<\/span>\u5bf9\u5fc3\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u670d\u4ece\u662f\u5916\u663e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4-\u670d\u4ece\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u6307\u793a\u7269\uff0c\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0e\u5426\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u6709\u6548\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0d\u52a0\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5371\u9669\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5f7b\u5934\u5f7b\u5c3e\u5730\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5145\u5206\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u8fd8\u6784\u4e0d\u6210\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u662f\u6709\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u53ea\u5bb9\u8bb8\u539f\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9\u8c61\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4-\u670d\u4ece\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u8981\u60f3\u83b7\u5f97\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bc1\u660e\u57fa\u7840\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7d27\u7f29\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08deflationism of consciousness\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u80fd\u591f\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u670d\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5148\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u6761\u8def\u90fd\u662f\u8d70\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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<\/span><\/p>\n

Katya Dorokhina<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u7b56\u7565\u4e8c\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u8981\u4e48\u53e6\u5bfb\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u62e5\u62b1\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7d27\u7f29\u8bba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u8bae\u63f4\u5f15\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bbe\u60f3\u662f\uff1a\u4e0e\u6709\u7740\u7a33\u56fa\u6839\u57fa\u7684\u3001\u5f97\u5230\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u76f8\u9002\u5207\u7684<\/span>\uff08fit\uff09<\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6307\u793a\u7269\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u6548\u5e94\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span>\uff08Global effect test\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u6270\u52a8\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6307\u6807\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7075\u611f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Information Integration Theory\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8d5e\u540c\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u670922\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u88ab\u90d1\u91cd\u5bf9\u5f85\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5*\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5e76\u672a\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6536\u655b\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0cFarisco\u4e0eChangeux\u57282023\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u6270\u52a8\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6307\u793a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u795e\u7ecf\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u67e5\u5c14\u83ab\u65af\u7b49\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u5408\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7531\u6b64\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5f88\u96be\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7eb7\u4e89\u4e00\u6837\u96be\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u6d89\u53ca\u610f\u8bc6\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u8981\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u65e2\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u4ee5\u6253\u7834\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u7b56\u7565\u4e09\uff1a\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u4e3a\u6446\u8131\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u8d1d\u6069\u7b49\u4eba\u53c8\u63d0\u51fa\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5171\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u800c\u975e\u8868\u9762\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7ed3\u5408\u6216\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5229\u76ca\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u5212\u5206\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u5173\u8282\u5904\u201d<\/span>\uff08at its joints\uff09<\/span>\u5207\u5272\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\n
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\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff08iterative natural kind\uff09\u7b56\u7565\u56fe\u793a<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u5982\u679c\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u597d\u5904\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u8868\u73b0\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f1a\u5171\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u672c\u8d28\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b65\u9aa4\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u70ed<\/span>\uff08heat\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u59cb\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u524d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u7528\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u526a\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u63ed\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53c8\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u8fed\u4ee3\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0e\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u5e76\u975e\u884d\u751f\u4e8e\u6700\u521d\u7684\u524d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u80cc\u9053\u800c\u9a70\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6bd4\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u66f4\u52a0\u7f1c\u5bc6\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u6cdb\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5171\u540c\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u7406\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u662f\u5c42\u7ea7\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

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\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7814\u53d1\u72ec\u7acb\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e5f\u6781\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u76f8\u4e92\u5370\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u76f8\u4e92\u7ea0\u9519\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e3a\u52a0\u6df1\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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6. \u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u6355\u6349\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u53d1\u5c55\u7a33\u5065\u4e14\u901a\u7528\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u4e0e\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3001\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


\u6587\u7ae0\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u4ece\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u653e\u77e2\u5730\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u56db\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u662f\u6c9f\u901a\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6c9f\u901a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u67a2\u7ebd\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u56de\u7b54\u610f\u8bc6\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] \u65af\u5766\u5c3c\u65af\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u8fea\u6602\uff0c\u300a\u8111\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u300b\uff0c\u6d59\u6c5f\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2018\u5e7410\u6708\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] Anil Seth, Being You\uff1aA New Science of Conscousness, Faber & Faber, 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] Bayne, Tim ; Seth, Anil K. ; Massimini, Marcello ; Shepherd, Joshua ; Cleeremans, Axel ; Fleming, Stephen M. ; Malach, Rafael ; Mattingley, Jason ; Menon, David K. ; Owen, Adrian M. ; Peters, Megan A. K. ; Razi, Adeel & Mudrik, Liad (2024). Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 29.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong>
<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/section>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6e05\u9192\u65f6\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65e0\u68a6\u7684\u7761\u7720\u4e2d\u610f\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7531\u5927\u8111\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u8111\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u548c\u542c\u89c9\u7b49\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4f55\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff08IIT\uff09\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u91ca\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u610f\u8bc6\u5965\u79d8\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u9886\u8854\u53d1\u8d77\u300c\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u672c\u8bdd\u9898\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u79d1\u7814\u7075\u611f\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u03a6\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e34\u754c\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u610f\u8bc6\u30022024\u5e749\u670828\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u516d\u4e0a\u53489:00-11:00\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba1 10 \u5468\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n

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\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
\u610f\u8bc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ea6\u91cf\u5417\uff1f\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u5566\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>
<\/section>\n
1. <\/strong>\u5435\u7ffb\u4e86\uff1a\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff1f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u80fd\u5426\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff1f<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u6606\u866b\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u90a3\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u4e07\u5b57\u957f\u6587\uff1a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5927\u4e00\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u8981\u6765\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong>5.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5c01\u9762\uff1aVilt\u00e8 Zumbakyt\u00e8 Haisch \u5bfc\u8bed \u8fd1\u671f\uff0cTim Bayne\u3001Anil Seth \u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8868\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76 Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u57fa\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u610f\u8bc6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":52647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52657"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52657\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/52647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52657"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=52657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}