{"id":53247,"date":"2024-10-25T18:22:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T10:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=53247"},"modified":"2024-10-25T18:22:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T10:22:13","slug":"%e7%88%b1%e5%9b%a0%e6%96%af%e5%9d%a6%e5%92%8c%e5%9b%ba%e4%bd%93%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%98%e5%8e%9f%e4%b8%8e%e6%bc%94%e7%94%9f%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%a4%e6%9d%a1%e9%81%93%e8%b7%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=53247","title":{"rendered":"\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u548c\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\uff1a\u8fd8\u539f\u4e0e\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u9053\u8def"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n

\u7f16\u8005\u6309<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
2005\u5e749\u670826-28\u65e5\uff0c\u9999\u5c71\u79d1\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c263\u6b21\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u5b66100\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b\u201d\u3002\u4e8e\u6e0c\u9662\u58eb\u4ee5\u201c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u548c\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u77ed\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fa\u4f53\u70ed\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5148\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u6f14\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u7b97\u662f\u65c1\u9038\u659c\u51fa\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u7ecf\u679d\u7e41\u53f6\u8302\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u904d\u5e03\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5404\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4e8e\u5148\u751f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u9ad8\u5c4b\u5efa\u74f4\uff0c\u89c2\u70b9\u65b0\u9896\uff0c\u5374\u6d41\u4f20\u4e0d\u5e7f\uff0c\u77e5\u4e4b\u751a\u5c11\u3002\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd2025\u5e74\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u91cf\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u5e74\u201d\u5230\u6765\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e8e\u5148\u751f\u6388\u6743\u5728\u300a\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u300b\u4e0a\u91cd\u65b0\u520a\u53d1\uff0c\u5148\u751f\u6b23\u7136\u7b54\u5e94\u5e76\u4f5c\u91cd\u520a\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u56fa\u4f53\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u6f14\u751f\u8bba<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

 \u4e8e\u6e0c <\/span>(\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span> <\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span>| \u6765\u6e90<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u91cd\u520a\u5e8f<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u8fd120\u5e74\u524d\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u77ed\u6587\u4ece\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u60f3\u501f\u91cd\u5370\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e0b\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u8bcdEmergence\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u6211\u63d0\u5230\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3P.W. Anderson\u505a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7ed3\u679c\u7efc\u8ff0\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u201cMore is Different\uff08\u591a\u8005\u5f02\u4e5f\uff09\u201d\uff08Science, 177, 393 (1972)\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u662f Emergence\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u5199\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u66fe\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u5448\u5c55\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002P.W. \u5f53\u65f6\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u754c\u4ea4\u6d41\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\u201d\uff0c\u8bf7\u540c\u884c\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u2014\u2014\u4e8e\u6e0c<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u4e0d\u5982\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u90a3\u6837\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5149\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u56fa\u4f53\u6bd4\u70ed\u3001\u53d7\u6fc0\u53d1\u5c04\u3001\u73bb\u8272\u2014\u2014\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u548c\u56e0\u8d28\u7591\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6700\u575a\u5b9a\u3001\u6700\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

1.  \u201c\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u201d\u8bba\u6587<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u57281905\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u5947\u8ff9\u5e74\u201d\u53d1\u8868\u76845\u7bc7\u8457\u540d\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u67093\u6708\u4efd\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u5047\u8bf4\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u5149\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd5\u63a2\u6027\u89c2\u70b9\u201d <\/span>(On a heuristic viewpoint concerning the production and transformation of light)<\/span>[1]\u662f\u5177\u6709\u201c\u9769\u547d\u6027\u201d\u7684\u3002\u91cd\u8bfb\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
1900\u5e74\u666e\u6717\u514b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9ed1\u4f53\u8f90\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u7eaa\u5143\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f88\u5feb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u5047\u8bf4\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bba\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7535\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u666e\u6717\u514b\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4fee\u8865\u725b\u987f\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u7535\u78c1\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u7387\uff0c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u627f\u8ba4\u673a\u68b0\u632f\u5b50\u4e0e\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u4ea4\u6362\u80fd\u91cf\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u53d6h\u03bd\u7684\u6574\u500d\u6570<\/span> (\u03bd\u662f\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u9891\u7387\uff0ch\u662f\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5e38\u6570)<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6ce2\u3002\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5374\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9ed1\u4f53\u8f90\u5c04\u3001\u5149\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u3001\u8367\u5149\u7b49\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0e\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u7ecf\u5178\u7535\u78c1\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8c03\u548c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4ed6\u4ece\u9ad8\u9891\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u4e0e\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53\u71b5\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4\u505a\u51fa\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u201c\u5149\u91cf\u5b50\u201d<\/span> (\u5373\u5149\u5b50) <\/span>\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5149\u4f20\u64ad\u65f6\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u91cf\u5b50\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c40\u57df\uff0c\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u88ab\u5438\u6536\u6216\u53d1\u5c04\u201d[1]\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a 20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u6700\u5177\u9769\u547d\u6027\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u65ad\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u65ad\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u540c\u884c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u591a\u6570\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u540c\u610f\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u201c\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u2019\u7684\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e5f\u56e0\u5149\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u83b7\u5f97\u4e861921\u5e74\u5ea6\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u7531\u201c\u5149\u91cf\u5b50\u201d\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u591a\u6570\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5927\u9006\u4e0d\u9053\u201d\u7684\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u666e\u6717\u514b\u63a8\u8350\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u62c5\u4efb\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u91cd\u8981\u804c\u4f4d\u65f6\u8fd8\u5ff5\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u201c\u539f\u8c05\u201d\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d[2]\u3002\u76f4\u52301923\u5e74\uff0c\u5eb7\u666e\u987f\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u624d\u4f7f\u591a\u6570\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u63a5\u53d7\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u91cd\u6027\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u5219\u6765\u5f97\u66f4\u665a\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

2. \u56fa\u4f53\u6bd4\u70ed\u7684\u56f0\u60d1<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u675c\u9686\u548c\u76ae\u63d0\u603b\u7ed3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\u4e0e\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e29\u5ea6\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u30021876\u5e74\u73bb\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u8fd0\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u539f\u7406\u8ba1\u7b97\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u675c\u9686\u548c\u76ae\u63d0\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u7b26\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4e9b\u56fa\u4f53<\/span> (\u5982\u91d1\u521a\u77f3) <\/span>\u6bd4\u70ed\u6bd4\u9884\u671f\u503c\u5c0f\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u8bb8\u591a\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\u8fc5\u901f\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5982\u8fc8\u514b\u900a\u548c\u6469\u52d2\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90a3\u6837\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u6311\u6218\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6b64\u5404\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u73bb\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u81ea\u5df1\u62c5\u5fc3\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u53d7\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u5bfc\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u5047\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\uff1b\u51ef\u6587\u5219\u6000\u7591\u73bb\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\u6709\u9519\uff1b\u745e\u5229\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u9886\u609f\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u9762\u5bf9\u6bd4\u70ed\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u8005\u30021907\u5e74\u4ed6\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u201c\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u6bd4\u70ed\u7406\u8bba\u201d[3]\u3002\u4ece\u6587\u7ae0\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5173\u4e8e\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5148\u540e\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8bc1\u660e\u53ea\u8981\u5047\u5b9a\u8f90\u5c04\u573a\u6216\u5e26\u7535\u8c10\u632f\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u73bb\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bba\u5c31\u53ef\u4e25\u683c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u666e\u6717\u514b\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u6d89\u53ca\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4e5f\u5e94\u6309\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u601d\u8def\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u628a\u8f90\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u632f\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u5c16\u9510\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u5206\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u9664\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u56fa\u4f53\u6bd4\u70ed\u5f88\u5c0f\u53ca\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6309\u7279\u9c81\u5fb7\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u91d1\u5c5e\u7535\u5b50\u8bba\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u4e5f\u5e94\u5bf9\u6bd4\u70ed\u6709\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u5047\u5b9a\uff1a\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6309\u540c\u4e00\u9891\u7387\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u73bb\u8033\u5179\u66fc\u5206\u5e03\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u632f\u5b50\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u6bd4\u70ed\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u5f81\u9891\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8 <\/span>(\u5728\u7d2b\u5916\u9891\u7387)<\/span>\uff0c\u5e38\u6e29\u4e0b\u5bf9\u6bd4\u70ed\u6ca1\u6709\u8d21\u732e<\/span> (\u73b0\u5728\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u66f4\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u9075\u4ece\u8d39\u7c73\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u7b80\u5e76\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u8d39\u7c73\u80fd\u91cf\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e38\u6e29\u65f6\u5bf9\u6bd4\u70ed\u8d21\u732e\u5f88\u5c0f)<\/span>\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u505c\u7559\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83 <\/span>(\u5728\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u5c11\u89c1\u7684)<\/span>\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u56fa\u4f53\u6709\u7ea2\u5916\u5438\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5f81\u9891\u7387\u6765\u4f30\u7b97\u6e29\u5ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u6ca1\u6709\u7ea2\u5916\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u6bd4\u70ed\u6570\u636e\u4f30\u51fa\u7ea2\u5916\u7279\u5f81\u6ce2\u957f<\/span> (11\u03bcm)<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u533a\u95f4\u62df\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e<\/span> (\u6765\u81ea\u4ed6\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u97e6\u67cf\u6559\u6388)<\/span>\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f88\u597d\u30021910\u5e74\u80fd\u65af\u7279\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u56fa\u4f53\u4e0a\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86\u6bd4\u70ed\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6bd4\u70ed\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u5bc6\u91cc\u6839\u5173\u4e8e\u5149\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f1914\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002
<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u8fd0\u7528\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u63cf\u8ff0\u6676\u683c\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5e74\u6b63\u597d\u7eaa\u5ff5\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u7684 100\u5468\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
<\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

3. \u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5960\u5b9a\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6cbf\u7740\u4e24\u6761\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u9053\u8def\u524d\u8fdb\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6309\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9884\u8a00\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7269\u6027\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fa\u4f53\u80fd\u5e26\u8bba\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4e3a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6cdb\u51fd\u7b49\u6709\u6548\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ece\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u65b9\u7a0b\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u7269\u6027\u505a\u9884\u8a00\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u8a00\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6676\u683c\u632f\u52a8\u8c31\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f30\u7b97\u51fa\u7535\u58f0\u5b50\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u8d85\u5bfc\u8f6c\u53d8\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u8d85\u5bfc\u3001\u8d85\u6d41\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u8033\u6548\u5e94\u7b49\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6839\u672c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u7c92\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5355\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u6240\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u3001\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u8bba\u201d <\/span>(emergence) <\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u552f\u8c61\u5230\u201c\u5fae\u89c2\u201d\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u63ed\u793a\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u201d\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u5206\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u95f4\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u7b80\u8c10\u632f\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u632f\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e0b\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9891\u7387\u76f8\u540c<\/span> (\u540e\u6765\u5fb7\u62dc\u7528\u8fde\u7eed\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb)<\/span>\u3002\u7528\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u7684\u6676\u683c\u632f\u52a8\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u58f0\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u628a\u63cf\u8ff0\u201c\u5149\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u666e\u6717\u514b\u8f90\u5c04\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7528\u5230\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u58f0\u5b50\u201d<\/span> (\u4e24\u8005\u540c\u4e3a\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\uff0c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u9759\u6b62\u8d28\u91cf) <\/span>\u7684\u786e\u662f\u5f88\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u201d\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u8fd0\u52a8\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u6d1e\u5bdf\u548c\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u89c4\u5f8b\u540c\u4e00\u6027\u7684\u575a\u4fe1\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5927\u80c6\u5730\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u8fdc\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u5f3a\u52a0\u4e8e\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u58f0\u5b50\u662f\u56fa\u4f53\u4e2d\u6700\u65e9\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8fd0\u52a8\u57fa\u5143\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u5143\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u56fa\u4f53\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5bf9\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f4e\u80fd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u4f4e\u6e29\u6bd4\u70ed\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u77e5\u9053\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u51fa\u58f0\u5b50\u8c31\uff0c\u4f46\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4ece\u58f0\u5b50\u8c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a8\u51fa\u56fa\u4f53\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u201c\u58f0\u5b50\u201d<\/span> (\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u79f0\u547c) <\/span>\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u6f14\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u65e5\u76ca\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u53d8\u548c\u4e34\u754c\u73b0\u8c61\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u6fc0\u53d1\u2014\u58f0\u5b50\u3001\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u57fa\u5143\u3001\u81ea\u65cb\u6ce2\u6fc0\u5b50\u3001\u6781\u5316\u5b50\u2026\u2026\u6717\u9053\u8d39\u7c73\u6db2\u4f53\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u73bb\u8272\u2014\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u51dd\u805a\u3001\u8d85\u6d41\u3001\u8d85\u5bfc\u3001\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u900a\u6548\u5e94\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u970d\u8033\u6548\u5e94\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u76f8\u53d8\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e92\u8865\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u6df1\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u7684\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5305\u7f57\u4e07\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u5728\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u6f14\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7269\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff0c\u56fa\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5148\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u540c\u884c\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u751f\u547d\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fde\u8d85\u5f26\u7406\u8bba\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ef4\u6570\u662f\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u672c\u8eab\u201c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e5f\u662f\u5448\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u201d[4]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/section>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

[1] A. Einstein. Ann. Physik 17, 132 (1905) .<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] J. Stachel. Nature 433, 215 (2005) .<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] A. Einstein. Ann, Physik 22, 180 (1907) .<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] D. Gross. 2005\u5e742\u670827\u65e5\u5728\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u6240\u7684\u8bb2\u6f14. <\/span><\/p>\n


<\/section>\n
\n
\n
(\u539f\u6587\u520a\u8f7d\u5728\uff1a\u9999\u5c71\u79d1\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u5341\u96c6\uff0c\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u73af\u5883\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c2006\uff09pp.16-20\u3002\u91cd\u520a\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u5bf9\u4e00\u5904\u6253\u5370\u9519\u8bef\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8ba2\u6b63\u30022005\u5e74\u4e8e\u6e0c\u5148\u751f\u505a\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u91cd\u520a\u65f6\u6539\u4e3a\u73b0\u5355\u4f4d\u3002)<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/section>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>
<\/section>\n
1. <\/strong>\u591a\u8005\u5f02\u4e5f\uff1a\u7834\u7f3a\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u672c\u8d28 | \u7ecf\u5178\u56de\u987e<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6f14\u751f\u73b0\u8c61<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u201c\u8fd8\u539f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6f14\u751f\u201d \u2014\u2014\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong>5.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7f16\u8005\u6309 2005\u5e749\u670826-28\u65e5\uff0c\u9999\u5c71\u79d1\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c263\u6b21\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u5b66100\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b\u201d\u3002\u4e8e\u6e0c\u9662\u58eb\u4ee5\u201c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u548c\u56fa\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u77ed\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e86\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fa\u4f53\u70ed\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u5373\u9996\u5148\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6f14\u751f\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u6f14\u751f\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u7b97\u662f\u65c1\u9038\u659c\u51fa…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":53245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53247\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53247"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=53247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}