{"id":54164,"date":"2024-12-09T21:11:23","date_gmt":"2024-12-09T13:11:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=54164"},"modified":"2024-12-09T21:11:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-09T13:11:23","slug":"%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e6%9c%89%e6%9c%ba%e4%bd%93%e4%bb%8e%e4%bd%95%e8%b5%b7%e6%ba%90%ef%bc%9fscience-%e8%af%84%e8%ae%ba%e3%80%8a%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e7%9a%84%e8%b5%b7%e6%ba%90%e3%80%8b%e5%8f%91%e8%a1%a8100","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=54164","title":{"rendered":"\u751f\u547d\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u4ece\u4f55\u8d77\u6e90\uff1fScience \u8bc4\u8bba\u300a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u53d1\u8868100\u5468\u5e74"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Antonio Lazcano<\/span><\/span> <\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/p>\n

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1924\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u672c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b<\/span>\uff08The Origin of Life<\/em>\uff09<\/span>[1]\u7684\u5c0f\u4e66\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6d41\u4f20\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7531\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u5965\u5df4\u6797<\/span>\uff08Aleksandr Oparin\uff09<\/span>\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u52a0\u5165\u5361\u5c14\u6ce2\u592b\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/span>\uff08Karpov Physicochemical Institute\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u963f\u5217\u514b\u8c22\u00b7\u5df4\u8d6b<\/span>\uff08Alexei Bakh\uff09<\/span>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u6c27\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684<\/strong>\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u548c\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7c7b\u51dd\u80f6\u6db2\u6ef4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u5f02\u517b\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u6b63\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u79cd\u6db2\u6ef4\u8fdb\u5316\u800c\u6765<\/strong>\u3002\u8be5\u5377\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u793e\u56e2\u3001\u5de5\u4eba\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u548c\u751f\u7269\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\u5e7f\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5176\u8896\u73cd\u672c\u5f88\u5feb\u552e\u7f44\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u518d\u7248\u3002\u5728\u5176\u95ee\u4e16100\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u7684\u8fdc\u89c1\u5353\u8bc6\u4ecd\u503c\u5f97\u91cd\u6e29\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5b63\u7c73\u91cc\u4e9a\u6377\u592b\u4e8e1911\u5e74\u79bb\u5f00\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u4ee5\u6297\u8bae\u6c99\u7687\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u4e86\u516c\u5f00\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd8\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u516c\u5bd3\u91cc\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u5f00\u4f1a\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u5bf9\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5f88\u5feb\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5b63\u7c73\u91cc\u4e9a\u6377\u592b\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u53c2\u52a0\u5b63\u7c73\u91cc\u4e9a\u6377\u592b\u7684\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u672a\u5165\u515a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u4eab\u53d7\u7740\u667a\u8bc6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u5efa\u5236\u6d3e\u4e2d\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd[4, 5]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u52301917\u5e74\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u80cc\u666f\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u7136\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u690d\u7269\u751f\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u6574\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5e78\u5f97\u5b63\u7c73\u91cc\u4e9a\u6377\u592b\u7684\u6559\u8bf2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u8bb8\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u751f\u547d\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u50cf\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b63\u7c73\u91cc\u4e9a\u6377\u592b\u575a\u4fe1\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u57281912\u5e74\u6240\u5199\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53f6\u5b50\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f6\u7eff\u4f53\u2026\u2026\u552f\u72ec\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u7269\u624d\u80fd\u4ece\u65e0\u673a\u7269\u4e2d\u91cd\u83b7\u65b0\u751f\u201d [6]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u5149\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u751f\u5316\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8c03\u548c\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u70b9\u4e2d\u90a3\u79cd\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f13\u6162\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u751f\u547d\u81ea\u53d1\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u81ea\u517b\u4ee3\u8c22<\/span>\uff08autotrophic metabolism\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8c22\u80fd\u529b\u53bb\u56fa\u5b9aCO2<\/sub>\u548c\u5408\u6210\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53f6\u7eff\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5728\u4e8e\u538c\u6c27\u548c\u597d\u6c27\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u53d1\u9175\u4ee3\u8c22\u53ca\u5176\u9176\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u7528\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f17\u751f\u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u538c\u6c27\u7684\u5f02\u517b\u7956\u5148<\/strong>\u3002\u4ed6\u4e89\u8fa9\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u5408\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6709\u673a\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u751f\u547d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u975e\u751f\u7269\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u5fb7\u7c73\u7279\u91cc\u00b7\u95e8\u6377\u5217\u592b<\/span>\uff08Dmitri Mendeleyev\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4eba\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5408\u6210\u78b3\u6c22\u5316\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u96f6\u6563\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u9668\u77f3\u548c\u5f57\u661f\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u65e0\u6c27\u9646\u5730\u73af\u5883\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5bcc\u542b\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u524d\u7ec6\u80de\u9636\u6bb5\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5bcc\u542b\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7c7b\u51dd\u80f6\u6db2\u6ef4\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6db2\u6ef4\u8fdb\u5316\u6210\u538c\u6c27\u7684\u5f02\u517b\u7ec6\u83cc [4\uff0c5]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u5728\u300a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u524d\u751f\u547d\u5316\u5b66\u201d<\/span>\uff08prebiotic chemistry\uff09<\/span>\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u5b64\u7acb\u5316\u5b66\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u64b0\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u9610\u8ff0\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u76ee\u7684\u8bba\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u975e\u751f\u7269\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u662f\u751f\u547d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4ece\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u5316\u8d77\u6e90\u4e2d\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u81ea\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/span>\uff08spontaneous generation\uff09<\/span>[5\uff0c7\uff0c8]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6 Charles Lipman \u548c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6 R. B. Harvey \u72ec\u7acb\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u7684\u4f18\u96c5\u51dd\u7ec3\u30021929\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u535a\u5b66\u5bb6 John B. S. Haldane \u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u77ed\u6587\u4e2d\u5efa\u8bae\u5bcc\u542b CO2 <\/sub>\u7684\u5927\u6c14\u4f1a\u4fc3\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5bcc\u542b\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6c64\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u566c\u83cc\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u53ef\u4ece\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u517b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u524d\u4f53 [9]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e3a\u65af\u5766\u5229\u00b7\u7c73\u52d2\uff08Stanley Miller\uff09\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5730\u7403\u6a21\u62df\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\uff5c\u7167\u7247\uff1aJIM SUGAR VIA GETTY IMAGES<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u59cb\u7ec8\u62d2\u7edd\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u6d77\u514b\u5c14\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5076\u7136\u7ec4\u88c5\u53ef\u80fd\u8bde\u751f\u51fa\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5f15\u51fa\u591a\u5206\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u524d\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c<\/strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u538c\u6c27\u5f02\u517b\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u6700\u7ec8\u4ece\u51dd\u805a\u4f53<\/strong><\/span>\uff08coacervates\uff09<\/span>\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u6765<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u8bae\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4ee3\u8c22\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u4f53\u53ea\u662f\u4ed6\u4ece\u8377\u5170\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6 Hendrik G. Bungenberg de Jong \u90a3\u91cc\u501f\u6765\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u505a\u7684\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u524d\u751f\u547d\u548c\u524d\u7ec6\u80de\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u539f\u59cb\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u573a\u57df [4, 5]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u7ee7\u7eed\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u7528\u7ec6\u83cc\u539f\u751f\u8d28\u7684\u751f\u957f\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u751f\u7269\u9057\u4f20[5]\u3002\u4ed6\u6ca1\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u6765\u6982\u5ff5\u5316\u9057\u4f20\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6301\u6000\u7591\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u4ea8\u7279\u00b7\u6469\u6839<\/span>\uff08Thomas Hunt Morgan\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ed6\u76f4\u52301933\u5e74\u624d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u865a\u6784\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u201d[10]\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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1953\u5e74\u7c73\u52d2\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5408\u6210\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408<\/span>\u7269[12]\uff0c\u800c<\/span>1938\u5e74\u5965\u5df4\u6797\u7b2c\u4e8c\u672c<\/span>\u4e66[11]\u7684<\/span>\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u5728\u7c73\u52d2\u8fd9\u6b21\u8457\u540d\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u7c73\u52d2\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u60ca\u4eba\u7ed3\u679c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u79f0\u547c\u7684\u524d\u751f\u547d\u5316\u5b66\u8fdb\u5165\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u751f\u547d\u4f55\u65f6\u3001\u4f55\u5730\u6216\u5982\u4f55\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u5173\u4e8e\u5916\u661f\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u7684\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u524d\u751f\u547d\u5316\u5b66\u5728\u539f\u521d\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u53d1\u6325\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
1. A. I. Oparin, Proiskhodenie zhizni (Moscovky Rabotchii,1924).<\/span><\/section>\n
2. E. Haeckel, The History of Creation: Or the Development of the Earth and Its Inhabitants by the Action of Natural Causes (Henry S. King & Co., 1876).<\/span><\/section>\n
3. A. Vucinich, Darwin in Russian Thought (Univ. of California Press, 1988).<\/span><\/section>\n
4. A. Lazcano, J. Mol. Evol. 83, 214 (2016).<\/span><\/section>\n
5. A. Lazcano, in The First Steps of Life, E. Di Mauro, Ed. (ISTE, 2024), chap. 6.<\/span><\/section>\n
6. K. A. Timiryazev, The Life of the Plant: Ten Popular Lectures (Foreign Languages Publ. House, 1958).<\/span><\/section>\n
7. H. Kamminga, Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 18, 1(1988).<\/span><\/section>\n
8. N. Sankaran, Stud. Hist. Philos. Biol. Biomed. Sci. 43, 741(2012).<\/span><\/section>\n
9. J. L. Bada, A. Lazcano, Science 300, 745 (2003).<\/span><\/section>\n
10. M. Cobb, Life\u2019s Greatest Secret: The Race to Crack the Genetic Code (Basic Books, 2015).<\/span><\/section>\n
11. A. I. Oparin, The Origin of Life, S. Morgulis, Transl. (MacMillan, 1938).<\/span><\/section>\n
12. S. L. Miller, Science 117, 528 (1953)<\/span><\/section>\n

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[1] Moody, E.R.R., \u00c1lvarez-Carretero, S., Mahendrarajah, T.A. et al. The nature of the last universal common ancestor and its impact on the early Earth system. Nat Ecol Evol 8, 1654\u20131666 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41559-024-02461-1<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u81ea Science \u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\u201cOn the origins of organisms\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.ads5691<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u8054\u5408\u897f\u6e56\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bb2\u5e2d\u6559\u6388\u6c64\u96f7\u7ff0\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff09\u526f\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5e38\u4e58\u3001\u674e\u6768\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5510\u4e7e\u5143\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6797\u4e00\u701a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5206\u5b50\u7ec6\u80de\u79d1\u5b66\u5353\u8d8a\u521b\u65b0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u5510\u8bd7\u5a55\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77\u300c\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406<\/a>\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u7ec6\u80de\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u4ecb\u89c2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5668\u5b98\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u4eba\u4f53\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7531\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ece2024\u5e748\u67086\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e8c\u665a19:00-21:00\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba110-12\u5468\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u9886\u57df\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u52a0\u5165\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span>\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\uff0c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u89c6\u89d2\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

1. <\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u5f62\u5f0f\u66fe\u7ecf\u591a\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\uff1f\u591a\u91cd\u89c6\u89d2\u63a2\u5bfb\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7ed3\u6784<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u751f\u547d\u672c\u6e90\u7684\u5171\u540c\u63a2\u7d22<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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3. <\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u767e\u5e74\u63a2\u7d22\uff1a\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u3001\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u8c01\u662f\u4e3b\u89d2\uff1f<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong>5.<\/strong> \u9f99\u5e74\u5927\u8fd0\u8d77\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6b63\u5f53\u65f6\uff01\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u751f\u547d\u4f55\u65f6\u3001\u4f55\u5730\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\uff1f1924\u5e74\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u5965\u5df4\u6797\uff08Aleksandr Oparin\uff09\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4ece\u65e0\u6c27\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\u548c\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7c7b\u51dd\u80f6\u6db2\u6ef4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u5f02\u517b\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u3002\u8fd1\u65e5 Science \u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":54160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54164"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54164"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54164\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/54160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54164"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=54164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}