{"id":55378,"date":"2025-01-27T16:26:13","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T08:26:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=55378"},"modified":"2025-01-27T16:26:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T08:26:13","slug":"%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0%e4%b8%8e%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4%e5%80%92%e6%b5%81%ef%bc%9a%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e5%8f%af%e9%80%86%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=55378","title":{"rendered":"\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e0e\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u201d\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6700\u65b0\u6210\u679c"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5f20\u6c5f\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5728 NPJ Complexity<\/em> \u53d1\u8868\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8eSVD\u7684\u65b0\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff08Dynamical Reversibility and a New Theory of Causal Emergence based on SVD\uff09\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b58\u5728\u6df1\u523b\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6784\u5efa\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u662f\u95e8\u5934\u6c9f\u6c11\u653f\u5c40\u6279\u51c6\u6210\u7acb\u3001\u95e8\u5934\u6c9f\u79d1\u4fe1\u5c40\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7684\u6c11\u529e\u975e\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8425\u9020\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u63a2\u7d22\u5c0f\u751f\u5883\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u96c6\u667a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u6d8c\u73b0\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u3001\u81ea\u6307\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u5145\u5206\u7ed3\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u6709\u5341\u591a\u7bc7\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u56fd\u9645\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u7bc7\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7efc\u8ff0\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6NIS+\u7b49\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u96c6\u667a\u793e\u533a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span>\uff08\u8bbf\u95ee\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e86\u89e3\u8be6\u60c5\uff1awww.research.swarma.org\/research<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aDynamical reversibility and a new theory of causal emergence based on SVD<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s44260-025-00028-0<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5373\u4fe1\u9053<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9a6c\u5c14<\/span>\u79d1\u592b\u94fe<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/strong>
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\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u79cd\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u56e0\u679c\uff08Emergent Causality\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u5927\u91cf\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6a21\u578b\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd1\u671f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u300aNPJ Complexity\u300b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e0e\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8eSVD\u7684\u65b0\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u300b<\/span>\uff08Dynamical Reversibility and a New Theory of Causal Emergence based on SVD\uff09<\/span>\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5176\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6784\u5efa\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u5b83\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u56e0\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e00\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u79d1\u5e7b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u5230\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5197\u4f59\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u800c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u901a\u8def\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5728\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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1. \u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5373\u4fe1\u9053<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8fdb\u5165Shannon\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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Shannon\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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1948\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u5f53\u901a\u8baf\u6280\u672f\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cClaude Shannon\u5199\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u300b<\/span>\uff08A Mathematical Theory of Communication\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7528\u4ee5\u5b9a\u91cf\u5730\u523b\u753b\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u4fe1\u9053<\/span>\uff08Information Channel\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4fe1\u9053<\/span>\uff08Information Channel\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u6cbf\u901a\u9053<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u524d\u540e\u8026\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5373\u4fe1\u9053<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u6839\u636e\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bc4\u5c45\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u7bb1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f60\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2at\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u4f1a\u5410\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2at+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u6211\u4eec\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u566a\u58f0\u9879\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fe1\u548c\u56fe2\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u628a\u81ea\u5df1t\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9t+1\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65f6\u523b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u566a\u97f3\u5462\uff1f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u96be\u594f\u6548\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u63cf\u8ff0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ece\u72b6\u6001\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u800c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe<\/span>\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u79bb\u6563\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u72b6\u6001\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4ee3\u8868\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e3a\u8f6c\u79fb\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u201d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u8f6c\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u72b6\u6001\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u8f6c\u79fb\u6982\u7387\u77e9\u9635\uff09<\/span>\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe<\/span>\uff08\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u7070\u6846\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4ee3\u8868\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4ee3\u8868\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8df3\u8f6c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u6cbf\u7740\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe\u7684\u8fde\u8fb9\u5206\u914d\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74Shanon\u5f15\u5165\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7528\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5305\u542b\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u513f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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2. \u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e00\u6620\u5c04\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u662f2x\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u9006\u51fd\u6570\u662fx\/2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5373\u5c06t\u65f6\u523b\u72b6\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u5230t+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6469\u64e6\u7684\u5f39\u7c27\u632f\u5b50\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u56fe\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e00\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbf\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u9006\u8f6c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5373\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5012\u6d41\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u9006\u8f6c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9006\u8f6c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f39\u7c27\u632f\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b83\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u53cd\u5411\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5411\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5f39\u7c27\u632f\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9006\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u652f\u914d\u4e0b\uff0c\u632f\u5b50\u80fd\u591f\u6cbf\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u6d41\u8f6c\u7684\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u9000\u56de\u5230\u539f\u70b9\u548c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u521d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u7684\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u63a5\u8fd1\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8fd9\u4fbf\u6709\u4e86\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u6807\u0393<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u523b\u753b\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u79bb\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u63a5\u8fd1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f4\u89c2\u4f8b\u5b50<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u56db\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u4e0a\u4e00\u6392\u6240\u793a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u66f4\u53ef\u9006\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e8c\u5206\u56fe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4e00\u6392\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5f20\u4e8c\u5206\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e00\u5217\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728t\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e00\u5217\u5219\u662ft+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u968f\u673a\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5219\u662f\u8df3\u8f6c\u6982\u7387\u3002\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u5e45\u56fe\u662f\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e8c\u5206\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u53ef\u9006\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ece\u4e8c\u5206\u56fe\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u56fea\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u8fde\u8fb9\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fde\u8fb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56feb\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e0e\u56fea\u9760\u8fd1\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u57282\u30013\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u6709\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a0.1\u7684\u989d\u5916\u8fde\u8fb9\u5206\u522b\u6307\u54114\u548c3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e\u56fea\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5982\u679c\u628a\u8fd9\u5f20\u4e8c\u5206\u56fe\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\u6240\u6709\u5947\u5f02\u503c<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Singular Value\uff09<\/span>\u4e4b\u548c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u523b\u753b\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u6807\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u0393<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269A\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269B\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u662f\u533a\u5206\u4e8e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230A\u4e8b\u7269\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740B\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660eA\u4f1a\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cdB\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8981\u8003\u5bdfA\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5f71\u54cdB\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u770b\u5f53A\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662fB\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5982\u679cA\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cB\u4f9d\u7136\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48A\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679cA\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019B\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269C\u540c\u65f6\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86A\u548cB\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53C\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cA\u548cB\u5c31\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff1bC\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cA\u4f1a\u548cB\u4e00\u6837\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0cA\u548cB\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u975e\u56e0\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65adA\u548cB\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u8054\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5e72\u9884\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5373\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u63a7\u5236A\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u770b\u662f\u4e0d\u662fB\u4e5f\u8ddf\u7740\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5e72\u9884\u64cd\u4f5c\uff01\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5e72\u9884\u4e86A\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u5c31\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u7684C\u5bf9A\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u8ba9A\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019B\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8ba9A\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5219B\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48A\u548cB\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8c08\u8bba\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/strong>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f53A\u4e0eB\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9A\u5b9e\u65bd\u5e72\u9884\u4ee5\u540e\uff0cB\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u548c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u4e86\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u628aA\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48A\u53d1\u751f\u5219B\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\uff0cA\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u5219B\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u53d60<\/span>\uff08\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff09<\/span>\u548c1<\/span>\uff08\u4ee3\u8868\u53d1\u751f\uff09<\/span>\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u503c\u3002\u5219\u5982\u679cA\u53d1\u751f\uff0cB\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5730\u53d1\u751f\uff1b\u4e14A\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0cB\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5730\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48A\u548cB\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e00\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\uff0cf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e86B\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u63a8\u65ad\u51faA\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6697\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5047\u5982\u5f53A\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cB\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c0f\u7684\u6982\u7387<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u59820.1\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff09<\/span>\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff1b\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765A\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cB\u4f1a\u4ee5\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5c0f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0cA\u548cB\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u9006\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e86B\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u5b9a\u5730\u63a8\u65ad\u51faA\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4f1a\u4ee5\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6982\u7387\u63a8\u65adA\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u4fddA\u4e0eB\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5f71\u54cd\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u201cA\u4e0eB\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5f31\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e0eA\u5230B\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u201d\u6709\u7740\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u731c\u60f3\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u80fd\u591f\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u57282022\u5e74Hoel\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728<\/a>\u300b<\/span>\uff08Causal emergence is widespread across measures of causation\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u5ea6\u91cf\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u7684\u6307\u6807\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5145\u5206\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4eceA\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u63a8\u5bfcB\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u5219\u662f\u6307\u4eceB\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u6765\u63a8\u5bfcA\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5f53A\u548cB\u4e4b\u95f4\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u5145\u5206\u6027\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u5c31\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\uff0c\u5373\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceA\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u63a8\u5bfc\u51faB\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u4eceB\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u63a8\u51faA\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cA\u4e0eB\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u5c31\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u5bfc\u548c\u6570\u503c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e24\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b49\u4ef7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8be5\u56fe\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08EI\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u0393\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002(a) \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u8f6c\u79fb\u6982\u7387<\/span>\uff08TPM\uff09<\/span>\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5173\u7cfb EI\u223clog \u0393\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bTPM\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u5bf9\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9006\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002(b) \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8f6f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u7684TPM\u4e4b\u95f4EI\u548c\u0393\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9bTPM\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e N\u00d7N \u5355\u4f4d\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u53d8\u5f02\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u53d8\u5f02\u662f\u5c06\u5355\u4f4d\u77e9\u9635\u7684 N\u2212r \u884c\u5411\u91cf\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u72ec\u70ed\u5411\u91cf<\/span>\uff08One-hot vector\uff0c\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u552f\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u4e3a0\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dr\u662f\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u79e9\uff0cN = 50\u3002N\u2212r \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236TPM\u7684\u9000\u5316\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684EI\u4e0elog \u0393\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e0a\u754c\u548c\u4e0b\u754c\u90fd\u4ee5\u865a\u7ebf\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u3002(c) \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\uff08N \u2208 {2, 3, \u00b7 \u00b7 \u00b7 , 100}\uff09\u7684\u968f\u673a\u91c7\u6837\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u884c\u5411\u91cf\u7ec4\u5408\u7684TPM\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u968f\u673a\u91c7\u6837\u4e86100\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u968f\u673a\u77e9\u9635\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6563\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u53d6\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0fN = 20\u300130\u300150\u7684\u6563\u70b9\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u4ee5\u663e\u793aEI\u548c\u0393\u4e4b\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e14\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u754c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u865a\u7ebf\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u3002(d) \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u4e2dEI\u548c\u0393\u4e4b\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\uff08log\u0393\u2212EI\uff09\u5bf9\u8f6f\u5316\u5e45\u5ea6\u03c3\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002(e) \u548c(f) \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355TPM\uff1aP = {{p,1-p};{1 – q, q}}\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684EI(c)\u548c\u0393(d)\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7b49\u4ef7\uff0c\u90a3\u53c8\u4f55\u5fc5\u8981\u53d1\u660e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u56de\u5f52\u5230\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6307\u6807 <\/span>\u0393 <\/span>\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u548c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u62c6\u5206\u2014\u2014\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u4fe1\u9053\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6307\u6807\u662f\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4fe1\u9053\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 \u0393 <\/span>\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u0393 <\/span>\u7a76\u7adf\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c5e\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def<\/span>\uff08information pathway\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u9053\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u51e0\u4f55<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4fe1\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u591a\u6761\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u8fde\u8fb9\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u7387\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u7b49\u4e8e1\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230N\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf<\/span>\uff08N\u4e3a\u603b\u72b6\u6001\u6570\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u56fe\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86N\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe(a)\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u7387\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\u5730\u91cd\u5408\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u90fd\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e3a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5f97\u5230\u56fe(b)\u548c(c)\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053(b)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\uff0c(c)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u9760\u8fd1\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u800c(a)\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u5728\u4fe1\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u901a\u8def\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u660e\u663e\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u3002(b)\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6491\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\uff1b(c)\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5219\u51e0\u4e4e\u6491\u8d77\u4e86\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u8fd8\u6709\u6240\u6b20\u7f3a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u884c\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u3002\u800c(a)\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5408\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u6491\u8d77\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u5c31\u8d8a\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6491\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8d8a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u4fe1\u9053\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u6491\u51fa\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u0393 \u523b\u753b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5411\u91cf\u6491\u8d77\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u0393\u548c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5411\u91cf\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u6491\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u5f88\u5c0f<\/span>\uff08\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u0393\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5374\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u76f8\u4f3c<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5f7c\u6b64\u5782\u76f4\u6784\u6210\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u76f4\u89d2\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u7b2c\u4e09\u6839\u5411\u91cf\u5374\u843d\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u0393\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u8005\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u7ec4\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u964d\u7ef4\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8f74\u6765\u964d\u7ef4\u8fd9\u7fa4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8f74\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u5728\u6295\u5f71\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u533a\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6295\u5f71\u8f74\u5c31\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8f74\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u692d\u5706\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u957f\u8f74\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u8f74<\/span>\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u7bad\u5934\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u505a\u6570\u636e\u6295\u5f71\u5c31\u80fd\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\u662f\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u8f74\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u5219\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u5f88\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u8003\u8651\u4fe1\u9053\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u88ab\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u51e0\u4f55\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6839\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u505a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u5411\u91cf\u505a\u964d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u652f\u6491\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5411\u91cf\u6240\u5f20\u6210\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u521a\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u5206\u914d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u901a\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u0393\uff0c\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4fe1\u9053\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u679c\u5bfc\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n


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3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u65b9\u68462\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u5f52\u56e0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u73b0\u8c61\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u566a\u97f3\uff0c\u6216\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5438\u5f15\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u8f6c\u800c\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7ec4\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u89c4\u5219\u5ffd\u7565\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5f53\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5f3a\u5f31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08Effective Information\uff0cEI\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5c31\u8d8a\u5f3a\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/a>\u201d\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u548c\u201c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f<\/a>\u201d\u8bcd\u6761\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5219\u662f\u6307\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u4eba\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u3002\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5373\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e0d\u65ad\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u5185\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u5b9a\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u89c4\u5212\u672a\u6765\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u597d\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684<\/strong><\/span>\uff08\u53c2\u8003NIS+\u8bba\u6587\uff1a\u201c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e4b\u65c5\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u4e0e\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u91cf\u5316\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3NSR\u6700\u65b0\u6210\u679c<\/a>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd8\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u79cd\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u56e0\u679c<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u0393\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u0393\u548c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7528\u0393\u66ff\u6362\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong>\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5927\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4fe1\u9053\u91cc\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def<\/strong>\uff1a\u5373\u6709\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u4f3c\u6216\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u8054\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u901a\u8def\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bb2\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff1a\u76f8\u4f3c\u6216\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5219\u6211\u4eec\u4ecet+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u8d8a\u96be\u4ee5\u53cd\u63a8t\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u901a\u8def\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u901a\u8def\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u6548\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u63a5\u6536\u7aef<\/span>\uff08t+1\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/span>\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4ece\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8def\u4e0a\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u800c\u6839\u636e\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a\u6b63\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u90fd\u662f0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u9053\u5b58\u5728\u77400\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e0\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u79f0\u8be5\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b0\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u780d\u6389\u90a3\u4e9b\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u4e3a0\u6216\u63a5\u8fd10\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4fe1\u9053\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u5197\u4f59\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u538b\u7f29\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4fe1\u9053\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u4e5f\u5c31\u4f1a\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6761\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u523b\u753b\u8be5\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5f31<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ece\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u622a\u65ad\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u662f\u5426\u6709\u63a5\u8fd1\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ece\u8be5\u56fe\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6c42\u51fa\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u5947\u5f02\u503c<\/span>\uff08\u9ed1\u8272\u67f1\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u51cf\u53bb\u6240\u6709\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6700\u65e0\u4fdd\u7559\u5730\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u5230\u672a\u6765\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u8def\u5f7c\u6b64\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e0\u635f\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u8def\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u6d8c\u73b0\u5417\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u50cf\u201c\u7a81\u7136\u51fa\u73b0\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u5927\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5462\uff1f\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5957\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5ba1\u7a3f\u4eba\u4e5f\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52aa\u529b\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8fd9\u5957\u65b0\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6211\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6570\u503c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u201c\u8bc1\u660e\u201d\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4e0eHoel\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u5b9e\u662fHoel\u7b49\u4eba\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u627e\u5230\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u6765\u5bf9\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u505a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u975e\u96f6\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u627e\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u683c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u5408\u5ea6\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u91cd\u5408\u5ea6\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u63a5\u8fd1\u90a3\u4e9b\u5947\u5f02\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u505a\u7ec6\u5fae\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u53ef\u4ea4\u6362\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u80fd\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u6620\u5c04\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u6001\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6570\u503c\u4f8b\u5b50<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u786e\u8fc7\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u7ed9\u4f60\u5c55\u793a\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bf4\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u6e90\u4e8eHoel 2013\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u56fea\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u8054\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u9075\u5faa\u5982\u56fe(b)\u6240\u793a\u7684\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u90bb\u5c45\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5904\u4e8e00\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4ee50.7\u6982\u7387\u5904\u4e8e0\uff0c\u4ee50.3\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5904\u4e8e1\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u77e9\u9635\u5982\u56fe(d)\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\u505a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u56fe(e)\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u3002\u4ece\u56fee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u670916\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u67094\u4e2a\u662f\u975e\u96f6\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5f88\u591a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u660e\u663e\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e3a0.75\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86Hoel 2013\u548c2017\u4e24\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u548cHoel\u7b49\u4eba\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u56fe\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u76846\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u56fe\u4e2d(a)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u516d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c(c)\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\u77e9\u9635\uff0c(b)\u662f\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c(d)\u662f\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65ad\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e3a2.23\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u4e00\u7ef4\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u505a\u793e\u533a\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u7ef4\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8be5\u56fe\u5206\u522b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u4e00\u7ef4\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56fe(j)\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u968f\u673a\u5757\u6a21\u578b<\/span> (SBM) <\/span>\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7531\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31<\/span> (\u56fek) <\/span>\u627e\u5230\u622a\u65ad\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u521a\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u533a\u5212\u5206\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u56fe(l)\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u53f3\u4fa7\u56fe(g)\u5219\u5c55\u793a\u4e8640\u53f7\u4e00\u7ef4\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e09\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u90bb\u57df\u6765\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\uff0c\u5982\u56fe(h)\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u5224\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u533a\u57df\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe\uff08i\uff09\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5c40\u90e8\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5224\u65ad\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u4e3a\u5143\u80de\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u867d\u7136\u8bf4\u8fd9\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u5c31\u80fd\u523b\u753b\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0eHoel\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u5e73\u884c\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u548cHoel\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9Hoel\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u518d\u6b21\u8bf4\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u786e\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8fd9\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5c31\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u8d39\u65f6\u8d39\u529b\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6269\u5c55\u8ba8\u8bba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u8bba\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6d8c\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9488\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c31\u5728\u4e89\u8bba\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\uff1f\u5728Hoel\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cf\u5316\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5224\u65ad\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u800c\u6d88\u9664\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5916\u5728\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u3002\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6<\/span>\uff08\u5979\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u610f\u5730\u9009\u53d6\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u9009\u53d6\u3002\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5916\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u80cc\u540e\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u9002\u6027\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u5373\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u666e\u9002\u539f\u7406\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u624d\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e86\u5171\u8bc6\uff1a\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u4e5f\u5c31\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u663e\u7136\u662f\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5929\u7136\u7279\u6027\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5ea6\u91cf\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u4e2d\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u96f6\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5fc5\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e3a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Clear Causal Emergence\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u66f4\u652f\u6301\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u660e\u786e\u5206\u660e\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u96f6\u7279\u5f81\u503c\u3002\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u5224\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u6a21\u7cca\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u4e0a\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u622a\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u70b9\u4e24\u4fa7\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u8df3\u8dc3\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53eb\u505a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/strong><\/span>\uff08Vague Causal Emergence\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6a21\u7cca\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u7684\u9608\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9608\u503c\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u662f\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65ad\u5d16\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u89c2\u6027\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u660e\u663e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u622a\u65ad\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5462\uff1f\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u622a\u65ad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f3a\u884c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u622a\u65ad\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6bd4\u8f83\u9760\u5de6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u975e\u96f6\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u88ab\u780d\u6389\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u622a\u65ad\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6bd4\u8f83\u9760\u53f3\uff0c\u5219\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51cf\u5f31\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5224\u65ad\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6446\u8131\u5bf9\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u6e05\u6670\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u622a\u65ad\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e2\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\uff0c\u53c8\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5ba2\u89c2\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u622a\u65ad\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u6e05\u6670\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff1b\u800c\u5f53\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u622a\u65ad\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c31\u4f1a\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5bf9\u622a\u65ad\u9608\u503c\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n


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\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u5bf9\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bd5\u56fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u5012\u6d41\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65b9\u68462\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u7a0d\u4f5c\u4fee<\/span>\u6539\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u56fe\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u7531\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5ea6\u91cf\u5c42\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed8\u5236\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u7684\u523b\u753b\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6307\u6807\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u76f8\u4eff\uff0c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u6d8c\u73b0\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6bd4\u5fae\u89c2\u66f4\u53ef\u9006\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u7c7b\u7b2c\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5728\u6784\u67b6\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u5c31\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u8c31\u622a\u65ad\u7684\u9009\u53d6\u4e0a\u3002\u8d8a\u9760\u5de6\u7684\u622a\u65ad\u4ee3\u8868\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u622a\u65ad\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u5c0f\u5947\u5f02\u503c\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6362\u6765\u7684\u662f\u8d8a\u5f3a\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u622a\u65ad\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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