{"id":56227,"date":"2025-02-28T17:46:35","date_gmt":"2025-02-28T09:46:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=56227"},"modified":"2025-02-28T17:46:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-28T09:46:35","slug":"%e8%b7%a8%e8%b6%8a5%e4%ba%bf%e5%b9%b4%e7%9a%84%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e9%9d%a9%e5%91%bd%ef%bc%9ascience%e5%8f%91%e5%b8%83%e5%a4%a7%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=56227","title":{"rendered":"\u8de8\u8d8a5\u4ebf\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9769\u547d\uff1aScience\u53d1\u5e03\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u5168\u65b0\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aSimulating 500 million years of evolution with a language model<\/span><\/section>\n
\u53d1\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2025\u5e741\u670816\u65e5<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.ads0018<\/span><\/section>\n
\u671f\u520a\u540d\u79f0\uff1aScience<\/em><\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n
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\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u5f62\u6210\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u5e74\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd1\u671fScience<\/em>\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86AI\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6253\u7834\u8fdb\u5316\u58c1\u5792\u2014\u2014\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u53d1\u7684ESM3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5c31\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d\u5dee\u5f0258%\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u4e865\u4ebf\u5e74\u81ea\u7136\u8fdb\u5316\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981AI\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u7a81\u53d8\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7b5b\u9009\u201c\u96d5\u523b\u201d\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f13\u6162\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5de5\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b9a\u5411\u8fdb\u5316\u6216\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u5fae\u5c0f\u7a81\u53d8<\/span>\uff08\u598230%\u5e8f\u5217\u5dee\u5f02\uff09<\/span>\u3002AI\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u65b0\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc770\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\u5206\u679030\u4ebf\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5e8f\u5217<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u201c\u6f14\u5316\u8bed\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u751f\u6210\u5168\u65b0\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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ESM3\uff1a\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684GPT\u65f6\u523b<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u5c06\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u79bb\u6563\u6807\u8bb0<\/span>\uff08Token\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u7684Transformer\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u96be\u9898\u653b\u514b\uff1a\u5c06\u4e09\u7ef4\u539f\u5b50\u5750\u6807\u538b\u7f29\u4e3a\u79bb\u6563\u6807\u8bb0<\/span>\uff08Structural token\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4f55\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u7a81\u7834\u4f20\u7edf\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9650\u5236<\/span>\uff08\u7ed3\u6784\u91cd\u5efa\u8bef\u5dee<0.5\u00c5\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5168\u5c40\u63a8\u7406\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1a\u91c7\u7528\u906e\u853d\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08Masked language modeling\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u906e\u853d\u4efb\u610f\u6a21\u6001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u8865\u5168\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u529f\u80fd\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u53cd\u63a8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u89c4\u6a21\u6548\u5e94\u7206\u53d1\uff1a\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u4ece14\u4ebf\u6269\u5c55\u5230980\u4ebf\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u9884\u6d4b\u51c6\u786e\u7387<\/span>\uff08LDDT\uff09<\/span>\u4ece0.86\u63d0\u5347\u81f30.88\uff0c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u591a\u6837\u6027\u589e\u52a047%\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u56fe 1. ESM3 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u63a8\u7406\u3002\uff08A\uff09ESM3 \u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u91c7\u6837\u3002\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u03b1\/\u03b2\u6c34\u89e3\u9176\u3002\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u63d0\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65 t\uff0c\u5bf9\u90e8\u5206\u63a9\u7801\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u672a\u88ab\u63a9\u7801\u3002\uff08B\uff09ESM3 \u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u7aef\u5747\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u79bb\u6563\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684 Transformer \u5757\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f68\u9053\u90fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u878d\u5408\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5141\u8bb8\u57fa\u4e8e\u539f\u5b50\u5750\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002ESM3 \u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u6d4b\u63a9\u7801\u6807\u8bb0\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u6807\u8bb0\u5316\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\uff08D\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1a14 \u4ebf\u300170 \u4ebf\u548c 980 \u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e0a\u8d1f\u5bf9\u6570\u4f3c\u7136\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u4e8e\u63a9\u7801\u7387\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3 FLOPs \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u8f68\u9053\u8fdb\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u968f\u7740 FLOPs \u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0895%\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\uff09\u3002\uff08E\uff09ESM3 980 \u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\uff08\u6309\u989c\u8272\u533a\u5206\uff09\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 ESM3 \u5d4c\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 UMAP \u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u4ece UniProt \u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u4ee5\u7070\u8272\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u591a\u6837\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


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AI\u7684\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff1a\u98a0\u8986\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u8fdb\u5316\u6811<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u6700\u5177\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\uff0cESM3\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u5929\u7136\u7eff\u8272\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d\uff08GFP\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u50ac\u5316\u4f4d\u70b9\uff08Thr-Tyr-Gly\u4e09\u8054\u4f53\uff09\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3a\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u4f18\u5316\u751f\u6210229\u4e2a\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u5019\u9009\u86cb\u767desmGFP<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cesmGFP\u4ec558%\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0e\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u5929\u7136\u86cb\u767dtagRFP\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c96\u4e2a\u7a81\u53d8\u4e2d22\u4e2a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9760\u8fd1\u53d1\u5149\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u9ad8\u654f\u611f\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5728\u8367\u5149\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u719f\u540e\u4eae\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5e38\u7528EGFP\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u5149\u8c31\u84dd\u79fb7nm\uff0c\u8bc1\u660eAI\u91cd\u6784\u4e86\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0cesmGFP\u4e0e\u73ca\u745a\u3001\u6c34\u6bcd\u7b49\u5929\u7136\u8367\u5149\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8d85\u8fc7\u8de8\u76ee\u751f\u7269\u6c34\u5e73<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u63a8\u7b97\u5176\u8fdb\u5316\u8ddd\u79bb\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8de8\u8d8a5\u4ebf\u5e74<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

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\u542f\u793a\uff1aAI\u52a0\u901f\u751f\u7269\u8fdb\u5316\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

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ESM3\u8bc1\u660e\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u7a81\u7834\u81ea\u7136\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5728\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5f00\u8f9f\u5168\u65b0\u822a\u7ebf\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5982ESM3 98B\uff09<\/span>\u7ecf\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u63d0\u793a<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u91d1\u5c5e\u7ed3\u5408\u4f4d\u70b9+\u6307\u5b9a\u6298\u53e0\u7c7b\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347244%\uff0c\u9884\u793a\u7740\u5b9a\u5236\u9176\u3001\u75ab\u82d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5168\u65b0\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005Alexander Rives\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u66f4\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u751f\u547d\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5f6d\u6668<\/span><\/span> <\/span>| \u7f16\u8bd1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

AI + Science\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b63\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n

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\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\uff1aAI + Science\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b63\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
1. <\/strong>\u6f14\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u80fd\u6f14\u5316\u5417\uff1fRNA \u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u666f\u89c2\u4e2d\u589e\u5f3a\u6f14\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7a81\u53d8 | Nat.Commun. \u901f\u9012<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>Science\u524d\u6cbf\uff1a\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6d8c\u73b0\u6f14\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u9884\u6d4b<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>Science \u901f\u9012\uff1a\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u6f14\u5316\u5c3a\u5ea6\u9884\u6d4b<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong>5. <\/strong>\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/section>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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