{"id":57779,"date":"2025-03-04T20:29:11","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T12:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=57779"},"modified":"2025-03-04T20:29:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T12:29:11","slug":"%e7%94%9f%e5%91%bd%e7%9a%84%e7%ba%a7%e8%81%94%ef%bc%9apnas%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e6%8f%ad%e7%a4%ba%e4%bb%8e%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%88%b0%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9%e5%9c%88%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=57779","title":{"rendered":"\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\uff1aPNAS\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4ece\u5206\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u5230\u751f\u7269\u5708\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u4e4b\u8def"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n

\u6458\u8981<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u751f\u547d\u5360\u636e\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u53ef\u89e6\u53ca\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u51e0\u4e4e\u865a\u65e0\uff08\u8d28\u5b50\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b50\uff09\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u5207\uff08\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u5ef6\u5c55\u3002\u53d7\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e0\u9650\u6027\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u63a2\u8ba8\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u53cc\u7ea7\u673a\u5668\u5236\u9020\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u8fd9\u4e00\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7531\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u76f4\u81f3\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6784\u5efa\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ea7\u8054\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u751f\u7269\u5708\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ea7\u8054\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u4e3a 10\u00b3 \u79d2\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e3a 1 \u5fae\u7c73\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u4ea4\u6c47\uff0c\u5373\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u751f\u7269\u5730\u7403\u7684\u76d0\u6c34\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cc\u7ea7\u7ea7\u8054\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u7ea7\u8054\u673a\u5668\uff08cascade of machines\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08multiscale organizatoin\uff09\uff0c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u673a\uff0c\u76d0\u6c34\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6807\u5ea6<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
\n
\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aLife sets off a cascade of machines<\/span><\/section>\n
\u53d1\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2025\u5e741\u670824\u65e5<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39854238\/<\/span><\/section>\n
\u671f\u520a\u540d\u79f0\uff1aPNAS<\/em><\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n
<\/section>\n
\u751f\u547d\u8de8\u8d8a\u4ece\u8d28\u5b50\u5230\u751f\u7269\u5708\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u4e8ePNAS<\/em>\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u5f53\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u5316\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u6216\u6355\u6349\u751f\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5199\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u673a\u5668\u6784\u6210\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u65e0\u9650\u7ea7\u8054<\/span>\uff08double cascade\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u53d717\u4e16\u7eaa\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u201c\u65e0\u9650\u5c0f\u673a\u5668\u201d\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u548c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\u673a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u673a\u5668\u5236\u9020\u673a\u5668\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u7ea7\u8054\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u7531\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u4e9a\u673a\u5668\u9010\u7ea7\u7ec4\u88c5\uff1b\u5b8f\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u805a\u5408\u6210\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u751f\u6001\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5708\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7ea7\u8054\u5728\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5c3a\u5ea6<\/span>\uff081\u5fae\u7c73\u300110\u00b3\u79d2\uff09<\/span>\u4ea4\u6c47\uff0c\u800c\u76d0\u6c34\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u6761\u4ef6\u5219\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ea7\u8054\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/h3>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u7684\u542f\u793a\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u673a\u5668\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7528\u7ea7\u8054\u673a\u5668\u770b\u5f85\u751f\u547d\u7684\u662f\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328<\/span>\uff08Gottfried Leibniz\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f17\u4e16\u7eaa\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u5355\u5b50\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u9648\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4f53\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u5c0f\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ecd\u662f\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u65e0\u9650<\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08but the machines of nature, that is living bodies, are still machines in their smallest parts, to infinity.\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d1e\u89c1\u968f\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5e7f\u4e49\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u968f\u673a\u5730\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5608\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u566a\u97f3\u518d\u5927\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u975e\u968f\u673a<\/strong>\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6297\u71b5\u589e<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u566a\u97f3\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u9700\u8981\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u8017\u6563\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u673a\u5668\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6539\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u6267\u884c\u3002\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u4ee5\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u201d\u6216\u201c\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u63a8\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u65f6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6cbf\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u975e\u968f\u673a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8def\u5f84\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u751f\u547d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u65e2\u7b80\u5355\u53c8\u666e\u904d\uff1a\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u751f\u5b58\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u65f6\u7a7a\u8f68\u8ff9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002<\/strong>\u800c\u4e0e\u968f\u673a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u673a\u5668\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u7a7a\u8fde\u7eed\u8f68\u8ff9\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5177\u5907\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u575a\u56fa\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6cbf\u7740\u7f13\u6162\u53d8\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u662f\u7531\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u751f\u547d\u7011\u5e03\u3002\u800c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u7684\u673a\u5668\u59cb\u7ec8\u7ef4\u6301\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u673a\u5668\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u590d\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b0\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u5b83\u7684\u7956\u5148\u673a\u5668\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7ea0\u9519\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ea0\u9519\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u547d\u673a\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe 1. \u673a\u5668\u53cc\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\uff08critical point\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u5904\u4e8e\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\uff081 \u5fae\u7c73\uff0c10\u00b3 \u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u5982\u4f55\u7531\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5b8f\u7ea7\u8054\u5219\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u7531\u7ec6\u80de\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u5927\u673a\u5668\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5708\u3002\u5b62\u5b50\uff08spore\uff0c\u7070\u8272\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u79bb\u5f00\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ea7\u8054\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/h3>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u673a\u601d\u60f3\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7ea7\u8054<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

1940\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u201c\u6784\u9020\u5668<\/span>\uff08constructor\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u548c\u201c\u590d\u5236\u5668<\/span>\uff08copier\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u6309\u84dd\u56fe<\/span>\uff08blueprint\uff09<\/span>\u7ec4\u88c5\u65b0\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u590d\u5236\u84dd\u56fe\u3002\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\u673a\u4e5f\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u7528\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u6027\u5374\u662f\u4ee5\u8fc7\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u5374\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe 2. \u5728\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u6c34\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u3002\uff08A\uff09\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\u5173\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\uff08B\uff09\u52a0\u500d\u548c\u5206\u88c2\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u56fe\u50cf\uff0cDNA\u5e26\uff08\u84dd\u8272\uff09\u78f7\u8102\u819c\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u548cRNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff08RNAP\uff0c\u9ec4\u8272\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u751f\u547d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u7684\u81ea\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5916\u754c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ece\u539f\u6599\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u81ea\u6211\u3002<\/strong>\u800c\u4ece\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f0a\u66fc\u673a\u5728\u76d0\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5206\u5e03\u5230\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u8865\u5145\u548c\u8c03\u8282\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e42\u5f8b\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u56fe 1\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u8de8\u8d8a30\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u8de8\u8d8a18\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u5927\u7ea6\u5904\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u8f74\u7684\u4e2d\u70b9\u2014\u2014\u7ec6\u83cc<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u5904\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u4e0e\u7531\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u8fdb\u5316\u548c\u751f\u6001\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b8f\u7ea7\u8054\u76f8\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5236\u9020\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u7ec6\u80de\u5236\u9020\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u673a\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4ece\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u5230\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6298\u53e0\uff0c\u4ece\u8102\u8d28\u819c\u5230\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u6c22\u952e\u3001\u758f\u6c34\u529b\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u539f\u5b50\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u539f\u5b50\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u529b\u4ee5\u4e9a\u6269\u6563\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u64ad\uff1b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u5927\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7269\u8d28\u95f4\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u4e92\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8017\u65f6\u8f83\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u66f4\u957f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u81ea\u590d\u5236\u673a\u4e2d\u5f88\u5173\u952e\u4e14\u5360\u636e\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5b50\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0eRNA\u6a21\u5757\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u78f7\u8102\u819c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u4f4d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4e5f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u975e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u673a\u5668\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u800c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\uff0c\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u3002\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u57fa\u4e8e\u7684\u662f\u7269\u7406\u529b\u3001\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u548c\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u591a\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u6309\u7167\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u751f\u957f\u51fa\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u6210\u719f\u548c\u7e41\u6b96\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u751f\u6001\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5360\u636e\u7740\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ea7\u8054\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6398\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8f74\u4ece\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u5230\u5b8f\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u8017\u6563\u7684\u3001\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u5165\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u662fDNA\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7740\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u5e74\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u90fd\u4ee5DNA\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u643a\u5e26\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4e25\u9177\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u65ad\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u5173\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u6709\u5229\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u673a\u5668\u5728\u5fae\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u662f\u5c06\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f4d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u94fe\u6761\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6298\u53e0\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u5206\u5b50\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u6700\u7ec8\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u9057\u4f20\u4ee3\u7801\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u5408\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u80fd\u91cf\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u76f8\u4e92\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8c03\u8282\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ea7\u8054\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u4e3a\u65b0\u7ec6\u80de\u5236\u9020\u673a\u5668\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u6211\u7ef4\u6301\uff0c\u81ea\u50ac\u5316\u5faa\u73af\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u5185\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u30021\u5fae\u7c73\u548c10\u00b3\u79d2<\/strong>\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u5c3a\u5ea6\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u51e0\u4f55\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\uff0c<\/strong>\u819c\u8102<\/span>\uff08phospholipid\uff09<\/span>\u5408\u6210\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u8868\u9762\u79ef-\u4f53\u79ef\u6bd4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e0.5\u5fae\u7c73\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u80fd\u91cf\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6d88\u80171\u4e2aATP\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u6bcf\u79d2\u9700\u6d88\u801710\u2077\u4e2aATP\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u819c\u4e0a\u6bcf10\u7eb3\u7c73\u00b2\u9700\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d28\u5b50\u6cf5<\/span>\uff08proton pump\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u56fe 3. \u4e34\u754c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/h3>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u76d0\u6c34\uff1a\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\u76d0\u6c34\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u7ea7\u8054\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7535\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u7535\u5076\u6781\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u6c22\u952e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6eb6\u89e3\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u6781\u6027\u548c\u5e26\u7535\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027<\/strong>\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u673a\u5668\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u6c34\u4e0e\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u76d0\u6c34\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u79bb\u5b50\u73af\u5883\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5206\u5b50\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u65e0\u5e8f\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u547d\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u5bf9\u6d41\u7b49\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u76d0\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5f97\u4ee5\u5faa\u73af\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u662f\u666e\u9002\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eDNA\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u819c\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u975e\u666e\u9002\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u666e\u9002\u673a\u5668\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u7b49\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u6c34\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\uff0c\u754c\u5b9a\u4e86\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u201d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u56fe 4. \u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5de6\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4f30\u7b97\u5408\u6210\u6210\u672c\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u78b3\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u7ffb\u500d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u4f30\u8ba1 1 ATP \/\u78b3)\u3002\u53f3\u56fe\uff1a\u4e3a\u7ec6\u80de\u7ffb\u500d\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\u901a\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u5b50\u6cf5\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n
<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff1a\u4ece\u5b62\u5b50\u5230\u6587\u660e\u673a\u5668<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u751f\u547d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u76d0\u6c34\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8054\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u4ece\u5206\u5b50\u5230\u751f\u6001\u7684\u8de8\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u7ea7\u8054\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u5177\u6709\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ec6\u83cc\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u819c<\/span>\uff08biofilm\uff09<\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7fa4\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u8fc7\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5b8f\u7ea7\u8054\u201d\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u751f\u7269\u5708\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u6b63\u5982\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u85cf\u4e8e\u201c\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5d4c\u5957\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u89e3\u5f00\u5176\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5f6d\u6668<\/span> <\/span>| \u7f16\u8bd1<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6cd5\u5219\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u4fe1\u606f\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6cd5\u5219\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6784\u6210\u548c\u65f6\u7a7a\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5448\u6307\u6570\u5f0f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u7a81\u98de\u731b\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7ec4\u5b66\uff08\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u7ec4\u5b66\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ec4\u5b66\u548c\u4ee3\u8c22\u7ec4\u5b66\u7b49\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff09\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u4e34\u8fd1\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u6d77\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4eba\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\uff1f\u9610\u91ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d1\u80b2\u3001\u8870\u8001\u548c\u91cd\u5927\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u673a\u5236\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u8054\u5408\u897f\u6e56\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bb2\u5e2d\u6559\u6388\u6c64\u96f7\u7ff0\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66<\/span>\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff09\u526f\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5e38\u4e58\u3001\u674e\u6768\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5510\u4e7e\u5143\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6797\u4e00\u701a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5206\u5b50\u7ec6\u80de\u79d1\u5b66\u5353\u8d8a\u521b\u65b0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u5510\u8bd7\u5a55\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77<\/span>\u300c\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\uff0c\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u7ec6\u80de\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u4ecb\u89c2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5668\u5b98\u5c3a\u5ea6\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u4eba\u4f53\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7531\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u76ee\u524d\u5171\u8fdb\u884c10\u671f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u793e\u7fa4\uff0c\u89c2\u770b\u89c6\u9891\u56de\u653e\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u5b8c\u6574\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/section>\n
\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/section>\n
\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\uff0c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u89c6\u89d2\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/a>
<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
1. <\/strong>\u5730\u7403\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u7684\u591a\u7c73\u8bfa\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u4e34\u754c\u7ea7\u8054\u5230\u5efa\u7acb\u97e7\u6027<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
2. <\/strong>Science\u5c01\u9762\uff1a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b Evo\uff0c\u4ece\u5206\u5b50\u5230\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7406\u89e3\u751f\u547d\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
3. <\/strong>\u751f\u547d\u8d77\u6e90\u65f6\u590d\u6742\u751f\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u5316\uff1fNature Chemistry \u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u5206\u5b50\u62fc\u88c5\u5047\u8bf4<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/section>\n
4. <\/strong><\/span>\u5f20\u6c5f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u53ef\u5fae\u5206\u7f16\u7a0b\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406 | \u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u5168\u65b0\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/strong>5. <\/strong>\u89e3\u9501\u96c6\u667a\u5168\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u65b0\u5e74\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. <\/strong>\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u590d\u6742\uff01<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/section>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981 \u751f\u547d\u5360\u636e\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u53ef\u89e6\u53ca\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u51e0\u4e4e\u865a\u65e0\uff08\u8d28\u5b50\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b50\uff09\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u5207\uff08\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u5ef6\u5c55\u3002\u53d7\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e0\u9650\u6027\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u63a2\u8ba8\u751f\u547d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u53cc\u7ea7\u673a\u5668\u5236\u9020\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7ea7\u8054\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u7ea7\u8054\uff0c\u5b83\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u8fd9\u4e00\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5668\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7531\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u76f4…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":57769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57779"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=57779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57779\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/57769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=57779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=57779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=57779"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=57779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}