{"id":58531,"date":"2025-04-14T19:00:05","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T11:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=58531"},"modified":"2025-04-14T19:00:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T11:00:05","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e5%a4%a7%e5%81%8f%e5%b7%ae%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%e5%88%b0%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e7%83%ad%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%a6%ef%bd%9c%e5%91%a8%e5%9b%9b%e7%9b%b4%e6%92%ad%c2%b7%e9%9d%9e%e5%b9%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=58531","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u6d8c\u73b0\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff5c\u5468\u56db\u76f4\u64ad\u00b7\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='wxsyncmain'>\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px\" data-mpa-powered-by=\"yiban.io\">\n<section style=\"width: 661px;vertical-align: top\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section><span><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg\" data-ratio=\"0.6842105263157895\" data-s=\"300,640\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1216\" style=\"width:100%\" data-backw=\"578\" data-backh=\"395\" data-imgfileid=\"100227768\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/wxsync-2025-04-605c31b444dffed3d26b13ac5fe7d97e.png\" \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"width: 661px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 3px;float: left;line-height: 1\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left\">\n<section style=\"padding-left: 10px;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;height: auto;line-height: 0\">\n<section>\n<section style=\"width: 25px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;border-style: solid solid none;border-width: 3px 3px 2px;border-radius: 0px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.5\">\n<p><strong><span>\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section style=\"width: 24px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;border-style: solid solid none;border-width: 3px 3px 2px;border-radius: 0px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 4px;padding-left: 4px;clear: right;min-height: 4.5em !important\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span>\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u884c\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u504f\u79bb\u5178\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a00\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u867d\u7136\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\uff08Large Deviation Theory\uff09\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7a00\u6709\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u901f\u7387\u51fd\u6570\u91cf\u5316\u7a00\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5fae\u89c2\u6da8\u843d\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u672c\u5468\u56db\u665a\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a><\/span><span data-pm-slice=\"0 0 []\">\u9080\u8bf7\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5317\u4eac\u56fd\u9645\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u96c5\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\u845b\u98a2\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b8f\u89c2\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ea4\u6d41\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a2\u8ba8\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u8054\u5408\u897f\u6e56\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bb2\u5e2d\u6559\u6388\u6c64\u96f7\u7ff0\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u77f3\u6eaa\u5206\u6821\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u6c6a\u52b2\u3001\u5fb7\u7d2f\u65af\u987f\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6881\u5e08\u7fce\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5510\u4e7e\u5143\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u4f4d\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u77e5\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ece12\u670812\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u6bcf\u5468\u56db\u665a20:00-22:00\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba112\uff5e15\u5468\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e00\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ea4\u6d41\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section class=\"channels_iframe_wrp\"><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-indent: 0em;font-size: 15px\"><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 13px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px\">\n<section style=\"width: 661px\">\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;line-height: 0\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-fileid=\"100098753\" data-imgfileid=\"100221043\" data-ratio=\"0.07314814814814814\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 677px !important;height: auto !important\" src=\"\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px\"><span><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"1920\" data-imgfileid=\"100227766\" data-ratio=\"1.7777777777777777\" data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"1080\" data-width=\"1080\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/wxsync-2025-04-7a9c73d6b2add74a7e2980ea59a747a2.jpeg\" \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u5185\u5bb9\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9996\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u72ec\u7acb\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u5176\u548c Boltzmann-Gibbs \u5206\u5e03\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd Onsager \u6709\u51732\u7ef4\u968f\u673a\u6da1\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8d1f\u6e29\u5ea6\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8f68\u9053\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e Onsager-Machulp \u6cdb\u51fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u666f\u89c2\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee5\u79bb\u6563\u72b6\u6001\u8fde\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7a33\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u73af\u6d41\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u89e3\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u5176\u4e9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u968f\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7528\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u65f6\u548c\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 Gibbs \u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u91cf\u548c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u7eb2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold\">1. \u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px\" class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>Cramer\u5b9a\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>Sanov\u5b9a\u7406\u548cBoltzmann-Gibbs\u5206\u5e03<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u968f\u673a\u6da1\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u7684Onsager\u8d1f\u6e29\u5ea6\u5e73\u8861\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u8f68\u9053\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u666f\u89c2\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><span>2. \u968f\u673a\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px\" class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7a33\u6001\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u73af\u6d41\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u4e00\u822c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7684\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u71b5\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u89e3\u548c\u65b0\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><span>3. \u6d8c\u73b0\u5b8f\u89c2\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px\" class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4e3b\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u5b8f\u89c2\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u65b0\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba (Large deviation principle)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>Freidlin-Wentzell\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba (Freidlin-Wentzell large deviation principle)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7a33\u6001 (Nonequilibrium steady state)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u73af\u6d41\u5206\u89e3 (Cycle decomposition)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8017\u6563 (Free energy dissipation)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>Housekeeping \u70ed (Housekeeping heat)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u5316\u5b66\u4e3b\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b (Chemical master equation model)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u5b8f\u89c2\u5316\u5b66\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\uff08Macroscopic chemical thermodynamics\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"316\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"1080\" data-imgfileid=\"100227763\" data-ratio=\"0.5625\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1920\" data-width=\"1920\" style=\"width:100%\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/wxsync-2025-04-d9535ee0850909b836f59486ce109299.png\" \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><span>\u845b\u98a2<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5317\u4eac\u56fd\u9645\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u96c5\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u521b\u65b0\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u4e3a\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e0e\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u548c\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1b\u968f\u673a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-backh=\"316\" data-backw=\"562\" data-height=\"1080\" data-imgfileid=\"100227764\" data-ratio=\"0.5625\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1920\" data-width=\"1920\" style=\"width:100%\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/wxsync-2025-04-4a814353f455e3a2801497d2c2752cdc.png\" \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><span>\u6c6a\u52b2<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\uff08SUNY\uff09\u77f3\u6eaa\u5206\u6821\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\uff0c1991\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u4f0a\u5927\u5b66\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u6298\u53e0\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406\u3001\u4ece\u666f\u89c2\u548c\u6d41\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u65f6\u7a7a\u7269\u7406\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u53c2\u4e0e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u76f4\u64ad\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px\" data-pm-slice=\"1 1 [&quot;para&quot;,{&quot;tagName&quot;:&quot;p&quot;,&quot;attributes&quot;:{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;&quot;},&quot;namespaceURI&quot;:&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml&quot;}]\"><span>2025\u5e744\u670817\u65e5\uff08\u5468\u56db\uff09\u665a20:00-22:00<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section class=\"channels_iframe_wrp\"><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><strong><span>\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-height=\"400\" data-imgfileid=\"100227762\" data-ratio=\"1\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"400\" data-width=\"400\" style=\"width: 161px;height: 161px\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/wxsync-2025-04-dc4b5f5f77faffc83036a14163f1c1c6.png\" \/><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: center;line-height: 1.5em\"><span style=\"font-size: 13px\"><span>\u6591\u56fe\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/pattern.swarma.org\/study_group_issue\/871<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u626b\u7801\u53c2\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u7fa4\u804a\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u56de\u770b\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u7ebf\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6c9f\u901a\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e00\u524d\u6cbf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><strong><span>\u62a5\u540d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span>\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u671f\u95f4\u7533\u8bf7\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba\u3002\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5747\u9075\u5faa\u5185\u5bb9\u5171\u521b\u5171\u4eab\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u62a5\u540d\u8d39\u9000\u6b3e\uff0c\u5e76\u5171\u4eab\u672c\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<a style=\", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;cursor: default\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;chksm=e8988e93dfef07859dd5e42e5d8435d2df2d9f86ff9a13113c0d3fcff1755d212311db985b09&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4ece\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u547d\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e4b\u8def\uff1a\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<h3 style=\", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px\">\n<section style=\"letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: right;font-size: 13px\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"clear: both;line-height: 0\">\n<section style=\"line-height: 0;width: 0px\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.4\">\n<p><strong><strong style=\"text-align: left;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif\"><strong style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: -2px;, Arial, sans-serif\">\n<section style=\"float: left;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"float: right;width: 8px;height: 3px;line-height: 0\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px\" class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Hugo Touchette,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><u><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>The large deviation approach to statistical mechanics<\/span><\/span><\/u><u><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/u><em style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span><span>Phys. Rep.<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;478, 1-69 (2009)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Freidlin and Wentzell: Random Perturbation of Dynamical System. 3(rd) Edition (2012)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Ge, H. and Qian, H., &nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>The physical origins of entropy production, free energy dissipation and their mathematical representations.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span><span>Phys. Rev. E<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;81 051133 (2010)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Ge, H. and Qian, H.,&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Mesoscopic kinetic basis of macroscopic chemical thermodynamics: A mathematical theory.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span><span>Phys. Rev. E<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;94, 052150 (2016);<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>Mathematical Formalism of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics for Nonlinear Chemical Reaction Systems with General Rate Law.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><em style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span><span>J. Stat. Phys.<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14px\"><span>&nbsp;166:190\u2013209 (2017)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;text-align: left;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 0px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 0px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;justify-content: center\">\n<section style=\"width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;height: auto\">\n<section style=\"margin-bottom: -15px\">\n<section style=\"padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 3px\">\n<p><strong><span>\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 2em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>2024\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u6388\u4e88\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9769\u547d\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u70ed\u5b66\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u7c92\u5b50\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u5982\u4f55\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u73b0\u8c61\u5982\u4f55\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u91cf\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 2em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 2em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u524d\u6cbf\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0.578px\"><span>\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u8054\u5408\u897f\u6e56\u5927\u5b66\u7406\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bb2\u5e2d\u6559\u6388\u6c64\u96f7\u7ff0\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u77f3\u6eaa\u5206\u6821\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u6c6a\u52b2\u3001\u5fb7\u7d2f\u65af\u987f\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u5fc3\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6881\u5e08\u7fce\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u6d78\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5510\u4e7e\u5143\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u4f4d\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u77e5\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77<a style=\"cursor: default\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;chksm=e8988e93dfef07859dd5e42e5d8435d2df2d9f86ff9a13113c0d3fcff1755d212311db985b09&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u300c\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7406\u8bba\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ece12\u670812\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u56db\u665a20:00-22:00\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba112\u5468\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bda\u631a\u9080\u8bf7\u5404\u4f4d\u670b\u53cb\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u7d22\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u9002\u7406\u8bba\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 1.75em\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;chksm=e8988e93dfef07859dd5e42e5d8435d2df2d9f86ff9a13113c0d3fcff1755d212311db985b09&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"vertical-align:bottom;width:100%\" class=\"js_jump_icon h5_image_link\"><img class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.5714285714285714\" data-w=\"1050\" style=\"border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;width: 100%;height: auto !important\" data-backw=\"562\" data-backh=\"321\" data-imgfileid=\"100221045\" src=\"\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;, Arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px\"><span>\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a<\/span><\/span><span style=\", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-decoration: underline\"><span><a style=\"cursor: default\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzMjQyNzQ5MA==&amp;mid=2247701534&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1552ccfac1d13baff75abd3af7654a52&amp;chksm=e8988e93dfef07859dd5e42e5d8435d2df2d9f86ff9a13113c0d3fcff1755d212311db985b09&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" data-linktype=\"2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u4ece\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u547d\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e4b\u8def\uff1a\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\uff01<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<section style=\"margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;clear: both;min-height: 1em;font-size: 14px;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 2em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em\"><span><br \/><\/span><\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px\"><span style=\"font-family: PingFangSC-light;font-size: 15px;font-weight: 700;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left\"><span>\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bfc\u8bed \u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u8d28\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u884c\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u504f\u79bb\u5178\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a00\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u867d\u7136\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u7406\u8bba\uff08Large Deviation Theory\uff09\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7a00\u6709\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u901f\u7387\u51fd\u6570\u91cf\u5316\u7a00\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6982\u7387&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":58522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58531"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58531\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/58522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58531"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=58531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}