{"id":59794,"date":"2025-05-18T20:10:07","date_gmt":"2025-05-18T12:10:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=59794"},"modified":"2025-05-18T20:10:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-18T12:10:07","slug":"%e9%87%8d%e7%a3%85%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a224%e7%af%87%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e9%a2%86%e5%9f%9f%e4%ba%ba%e5%9c%a8%e7%8e%af%e8%b7%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e9%80%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=59794","title":{"rendered":"\u91cd\u78c5\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a224\u7bc7\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u901f\u89c8"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1aAI\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u5e73\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f-\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5149\u534e\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u9662\"<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff1a<\/span>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Xingjiao Wu, Luwei Xiao, Yixuan Sun\u7b49<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aA survey of human-in-the-loop for machine learning  <\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0167739X22001790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aXingjiao Wu, Luwei Xiao, Yixuan Sun, Junhang Zhang, Tianlong Ma, Liang He<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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1.1 \u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2 \u672c\u6587\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.3 \u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.1 \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 \u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.3 \u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1 \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.1 \u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.2 \u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.3 \u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.4 \u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u673a\u9047<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.1 \u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2 \u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5e26\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3 [3]\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ede\u540e\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6269\u5f20<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\uff1b<\/span><\/span>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u8d85\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5168\u90e8\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\u65e2\u8017\u65f6\u53c8\u8017\u529b\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u6781\u9ad8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210\u6837\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u5feb\u6a21\u578b\u8fed\u4ee3\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6210\u672c [4][5][6]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3 [7][8][9]\uff0c\u5982Transformers [10]\u3001BERT [11] \u548c GPT [12] \u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e14\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4ecd\u9700\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/span>\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u66f4\u65b0<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u5f31\u76d1\u7763<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u7ee7\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa [13][14]\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<\/span><\/span>\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\uff08few-shot learning\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u66f4\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u6548\u5b66\u4e60 [15]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.1 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165<\/span><\/span>\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u758f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u65e0\u9700\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\u6765\u5f52\u7eb3\u77e5\u8bc6 [16]\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5c06\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5165\u5176\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d [17][18][19]\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5177\u5907\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u82e5\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u5bfc\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5e94\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u7f3a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bca\u65ad\u7b49\u533b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u9650 [20][21][22][23]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u76f8\u5173\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u60c5\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\uff09<\/span>\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u6559\u5b66\u6548\u679c\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8868\u73b0\u4ea7\u751f\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f17\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span>\uff08human-in-the-loop\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5165\u5efa\u6a21\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7f13\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7a00\u7f3a\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u95ee\u9898 [24]\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u878d\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u5df2\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u53d1\u8868<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe1\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe1. \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\uff08\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\uff1aGoogle Scholar\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u201chuman-in-the-loop\u201d\u4e0e\u201cmachine learning\u201d\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210 [25]\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span>\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span>\u5efa\u6a21<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u6d41\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/span>\u4fee\u6539<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u673a\u5668\u4e0e\u4eba\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u73af\u8282\u4ecb\u5165\u80fd\u591f\u5e26\u6765\u6700\u4f73\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5728\u4eba\u673a\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u8282\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u89c6\u89d2\u51fa\u53d1<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u53ca\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u4ea4\u4e92\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u679c\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe2\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe2. \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5468\u671f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5173\u6ce8\u72ec\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8f85\u52a9\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u7ed3\u6784\u5b89\u6392\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u901a\u8fc7\u5e72\u9884\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u72ec\u7acb\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u56f4\u7ed5\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u9762\u4e34\u54ea\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff1f\u53c8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u63a8\u52a8\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u4ece\u6570\u636e\u89c6\u89d2\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u5b58\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff1f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u4ece\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u600e\u6837\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff1f\u5b58\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u96be\u70b9\uff1f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d8b\u52bf\u53c8\u5c06\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u8fdb\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u89c6\u89d2\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u3001\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u672c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u6587\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6211\u4eec\u5168\u9762\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u5212\u5206\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u4e32\u8054\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9a\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u8981\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u5de5\u7a0b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76 [26][27][28][29][30][31]\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u9996\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u4ece\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5219\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u524d\u4eba\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u601d\u8def\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u65e0\u6cd5\u6db5\u76d6\u8fd9\u4e00\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c3d\u529b\u4f7f\u672c\u7efc\u8ff0\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u9762\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u67e5\u9605\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u548c\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u7ae0\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6574\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.3 \u6587\u7ae0\u7ed3\u6784\u5b89\u6392<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7Google Scholar\u68c0\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u201chuman-in-the-loop\u201d\u548c\u201cmachine learning\u201d\u7684\u6587\u732e<\/span>\uff08\u81ea1990\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u6807\u9898\u548c\u6458\u8981\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u6b65\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u6b63\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u603b\u7ed3\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span><\/span>\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ece\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6309\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u522b\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7b2c\u4e94\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7efc\u8ff0\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u516d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5168\u6587\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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2. <\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u89d2\u8272 [1][32]\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f\u6e90\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6570\u4ebf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 [2]\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u8d4b\u4e88\u6a21\u578b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u5982\u6b64\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e26\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e [3]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u5de5\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u6ede\u540e\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5728\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5f88\u5feb\u53d8\u5f97\u8fc7\u65f6 [33]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5229\u7528<\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u5173\u6ce8 [3][34][35][36]\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u663e\u8457\u7684\u96be\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5982<\/span><\/span>\u566a\u58f0\u56fe\u50cf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u7f3a\u9677\u8bed\u53e5<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u8fdd\u53cd\u7ea6\u675f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6070\u597d\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5c06\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u7684 [37]\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc<\/span><\/span>\u6837\u672c\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 [4][5][38]\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5f00\u53d1\u50cfTransformers [39]\u3001BERT [11] \u6216 GPT [12] \u7b49\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u91c7\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u7406\u60f3\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u8c03\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u7ee9 [40][41][42]\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u5f80\u5f80\u4ec5\u6765\u81ea\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u8bc6\u522b\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u5bf9\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u601d\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/span><\/span>(1) \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff1b(2) \u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u9009\u5b9a\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\uff1b(3) \u63a8\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u6700\u65b0\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u8def\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8868 1. \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u3002DP: \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1bDA: \u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\uff1bIL: \u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\uff1bCV: \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff1bNLP: \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff1bSP: \u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u591a\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span>\uff08Human-in-the-Loop\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u636e\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea680%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u8d39\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e0a [30]\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c03\u7814\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5982\u56fe3\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u6c47\u603b\u4e8e\u88681\u4e2d\u3002\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u4ece<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe3. \u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.1. \u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u529f\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u5206\u6790\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u96be\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u5f80\u5f80\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\u4e13\u5bb6\u6216\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\uff0cSelf \u7b49\u4eba [44] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span>\u201c\u4eba\u2013\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u8282\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7528\u6237\u610f\u56fe\u4e0e\u52a0\u6743\u591a\u7ef4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u67b6\u8d77\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7528\u6237\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0cDoan \u7b49\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u8bc4\u4f30\u57fa\u51c6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u624b\u6bb5 [48]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb<\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u63a8\u5e7f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u57fa\u51c6\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cLaure \u7b49\u4eba [52] \u5728 Learn2Clean \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4f18\u5316\u6307\u5b9a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08AutoML\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e14\u5177\u5907\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u534f\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e8e\u4ec5\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/span>\uff08HILDA\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u201c\u5b8f\u89c2\u56fe\u666f\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u6216\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u6765\u6b63\u786e\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728 HILDA \u793e\u533a\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u5173\u6ce8\u5ea6\u4ecd\u663e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5176\u5728\u7528\u6237\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6570\u636e\u5177\u6709\u5929\u7136\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u62bd\u53d6\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5982\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\uff0cGentile \u7b49\u4eba [50] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bcd\u5178\u6269\u5c55\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4f17\u5305\u624b\u6bb5\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u6784\u5efa\u7b49 [50], [52], [54]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ristoski \u7b49\u4eba [61] \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u591a\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u5faa\u73af\u5229\u7528\u673a\u5236\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u4e0e\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u540c\u6837\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u5df2\u6709\u8bcd\u5178\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u6ce8\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b NLP \u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728<\/span><\/span>\u8bed\u4e49\u6b67\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u96be\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u53ef\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4efb\u52a1\u8868\u73b0\u3002Qian \u7b49\u4eba [62] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u79f0\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf PARTNER\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002PARTNER \u7ed3\u5408\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u5f31\u76d1\u7763\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7b5b\u9009\u6280\u672f\u9009\u62e9\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0cCutler \u7b49\u4eba [65] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5728<\/span><\/span>\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\uff08NER\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4e2d\u9ad8\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u6807\u8bb0\u6f5c\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u7ea0\u6b63\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u534f\u52a9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe4. \u63a2\u7d22\u4e0e\u5229\u7528\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5df2\u6709\u6587\u732e\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u590d\u6742\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4eba-\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ecd\u7136\u5341\u5206\u7a00\u5c11\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u6d4b\u9020\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6709\u6548\u6574\u5408\u5230\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u53ef\u89c1\u7b2c5\u8282\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.2. \u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e<\/span>\uff08\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6807\u6ce8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\u9886\u57df\u8868\u73b0\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u5b9e\u4f53\u63d0\u53d6 [50]\u3001[51]\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u94fe\u63a5 [59]\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u5219\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4efb\u52a1\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u95ee\u7b54\u4efb\u52a1 [56] \u548c\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1 [64]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u8d25\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cdNLP\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd [69]\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f53\u62bd\u53d6\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5236\u5b9a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u62bd\u53d6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u6587\u6863\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u51c6\u786e\u5730<\/span><\/span>\u62bd\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002Zhang \u7b49\u4eba [51] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u62bd\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6709\u9650\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u6295\u8d44\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u57fa\u6570\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4ece\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u65e0\u5947\u6548\u3002\u4e3a\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u4f53\u94fe\u63a5\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u4f53\u6392\u5e8f\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u5224\u522b\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bed\u4e49\u6d88\u6b67\u4efb\u52a1 [59]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8bd5\u56fe\u6574\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d4b\u4e88\u673a\u5668\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\uff1f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63a2\u7d22\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff0cWallace \u7b49\u4eba [56] \u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u95ee\u7b54\u8bed\u8a00\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u66f4\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u3002Bartolo \u7b49\u4eba [64] \u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6807\u6ce8\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u9010\u6b65\u66f4\u4e3a\u9c81\u68d2\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c636,000\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5faa\u73af\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u9010\u6e10\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u66f4\u9c81\u68d2\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8f83\u5f31\u6a21\u578b\u5bc6\u96c6\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60 [70]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528<\/span><\/span>\u5f31\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u884c\u4eba\u518d\u8bc6\u522b<\/span>\uff08Re-ID\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u4eba\u8138\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u4e09\u7ef4\u70b9\u4e91\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u73b0\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u884c\u4eba\u518d\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0b\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u5e76\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u91cc\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u65ad\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u5931\u6548\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0cLiu \u7b49\u4eba[55]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u5faa\u73af\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u9884\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6301\u7eed\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5316\u518d\u8bc6\u522b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u5b66\u4e60\u5916\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8fd8\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6269\u5145\u4e0e\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002\u9762\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u8bc6\u522b\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5bf9\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9762\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u8bc6\u522b\u4ec5\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u4e03\u79cd\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8868\u60c5<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5f00\u5fc3\u3001\u60b2\u4f24\u3001\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u6124\u6012\u3001\u538c\u6076\u3001\u60ca\u8bb6\u548c\u8f7b\u8511\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u66f4\u9700\u5904\u7406\u7ec6\u5fae\u8868\u60c5<\/span>\uff08\u5fae\u8868\u60c5\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u8bc6\u522b\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u5fae\u8868\u60c5\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002Butler \u7b49\u4eba[60]\u5229\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u8868\u60c5\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u754c\u9762\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u5de5\u6821\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5df2\u6709\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u96be\u5ea6\u5927\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982<\/span><\/span>\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u6807\u6ce8\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u6781\u5927\u3002\u4e3a\u964d\u4f4e\u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u8fb9\u754c\u6846\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6210\u672c\uff0cLe \u7b49\u4eba[63]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u81ea\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u81ea\u6807\u6ce8\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u52a0\u901f\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ea4\u4e92\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u9012\u5f52\u6807\u6ce8\u4e2d\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210<\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u673a\u5faa\u73af\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u8282\u7701\u6807\u6ce8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u6821\u6b63\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08CNN\uff09<\/span>\u589e\u5f3a\u90bb\u8fd1\u5e27\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6bcf\u6b21\u6807\u6ce8\u5e27\u7684\u95f4\u8ddd\u3002\u57fa\u4e8eLe\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0cAdhikari\u7b49\u4eba[68]\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u5728\u5355\u9636\u6bb5\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4e14\u4eba\u5de5\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9\u4ece\u5b8c\u6574\u6807\u6ce8\u8f6c\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u7ea0\u6b63\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<\/span><\/span>\u4e09\u7ef4\u70b9\u4e91\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u679c\u6709\u9650\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ec5\u91c7\u7528\u5355\u9636\u6bb5\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6548\u679c\u53d7\u9650\uff0cMeng \u7b49\u4eba[66]\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u6167\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0cZhang \u7b49\u4eba[67]\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ed8\u753b\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u624d\u80fd\u4e0e\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u80fd\u96be\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u91cf\u5316\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u7ed8\u753b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5e94\u7528\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u63d2\u753b\u751f\u6210\u6f2b\u753b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6f2b\u753b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5747\u7531\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u6807\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe5. \u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.3. \u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u529b\u4e14\u8017\u65f6\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u8bb8\u591a\u8fed\u4ee3\u4efb\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u627f\u53d7\u5982\u6b64\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5f31\u6807\u6ce8\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92<\/span>\uff08human-in-the-loop\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f3a\u8c03\u53d1\u73b0\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u65b0\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8d77\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff02.2\u8282\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\u66f4\u52a0\u6ce8\u91cd\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u4ece\u6807\u6ce8\u5230\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u662f\u6ce8\u91cd\u5411\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yu \u7b49\u4eba[33]\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u52b3\u52a8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u578b\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0cLiu \u7b49\u4eba[55]\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u56fe5\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5178\u578b\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u521b\u65b0\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9996\u6b21\u5c06\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u793e\u533a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u884c\u4eba\u518d\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u51cf\u5c11\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4f18\u5316\u518d\u8bc6\u522b\u6027\u80fd\u3002Fan \u7b49\u4eba[57]\u5219\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u53c2\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u800c\u975e\u5355\u7eaf\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6807\u6ce8\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5173\u6ce8\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08NLP\uff09\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08CV\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662fNLP\u8fd8\u662fCV\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60[71]\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u4eba\u673a\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

3. <\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f [71]\uff0c\u4e5f\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540c\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u5177\u5907\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1. \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u56fe6\u7b80\u8981\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ca\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8be5\u6301\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86NLP\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe6. \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u4e2d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347NLP\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.1. \u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff08Text Classification, TC\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u6216\u6587\u672c\u5f52\u7c7b\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u4e2d\u3002Karmakharm \u7b49\u4eba[72]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8c23\u8a00\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ece\u8bb0\u8005\u5904\u83b7\u53d6\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bad\u7ec3\u66f4\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u9996\u5148\u5229\u7528\u8c23\u8a00\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5e16\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5206\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u53cd\u9988\u7ed9\u8bb0\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc[73][74]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u201d\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u900f\u660e\u6027\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u6846\u67b6\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u673a\u662f\u514b\u670d\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0cArous \u7b49\u4eba[75]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u4eba\u673a\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4eba\u7c7b\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5176\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86MARTA\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u5408\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u53c2\u6570\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u76f8\u4e92\u4fc3\u8fdb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.2. \u53e5\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u65e8\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u8f93\u5165\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6709\u6548\u53e5\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b\u800c\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u8bed\u4e49\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5[43]\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba9\u975e\u4e13\u5bb6\u56de\u7b54\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347<\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u8303\u7574\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08CCG\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b54\u6848\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f6f\u7ea6\u675f\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u518d\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bed\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u89e3\u6790\u6280\u672f\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6311\u6218\uff1a(1) \u7528\u6237\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u6216\u8868\u8fbe\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u83b7\u5f97\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6807\u7b7e\uff1b(2) \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u666e\u904d\u4e0d\u591f\u7406\u60f3\uff1b(3) \u7531\u4e8e\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u9ed1\u7bb1\u201d\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u96be\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0cYao \u7b49\u4eba[76]\u63d0\u51fa\u8ba9\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u51fa\u6f84\u6e05\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u201c\u5982\u679c-\u90a3\u4e48<\/span>\uff08If-Then\uff09<\/span>\u201d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u6570\u4ecd\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cYao \u7b49\u4eba[77]\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\uff08MISP\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u88682. \u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\u3002\u8868\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6309\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u6392\u5e8f\uff08TC\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff1bSSP\uff1a\u53e5\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\uff1bTS\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u6458\u8981\uff1bQA\uff1a\u95ee\u7b54\uff1bSA\uff1a\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff08\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u52a8\u673a\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

3.1.3. \u6587\u672c\u6458\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\u5916\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u6587\u672c\u6458\u8981\uff08Text Summarization, TS\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u5728\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u610f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u7ed9\u5b9a\u53e5\u5b50\/\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u7248\u672c [82]\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cZiegler\u7b49\u4eba [78] \u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5fae\u8c03\u4e86\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210Reddit TL;DR\u548cCNN\/DM\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u6458\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u662f\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002Stiennon\u7b49\u4eba [79] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6536\u96c6\u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540c\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff08RM\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u6458\u8981\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/span>\uff08RL\uff09<\/span>\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c06\u7b56\u7565\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.4. \u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4e0e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08QA\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\/\u667a\u80fd\u4ee3\u7406\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u5728\u7ebf\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u79bb\u7ebf\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af <\/span><\/span><\/strong>[83]\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u7ebf\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7528\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e0e\u5728\u7ebf\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff09<\/span>\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u7ebf\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cHancock\u7b49\u4eba [80] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u5582\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u793a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79bb\u7ebf\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cWallace\u7b49\u4eba [56] \u5229\u7528\u201c\u7410\u4e8b\u7231\u597d\u8005\u201d\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u5176\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u5e72\u6270\u6027\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u4e8e\u8d1f\u9762\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8bef\u5bfc\uff0c\u79bb\u7ebf\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.5. \u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\uff08Sentiment Analysis, SA\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f<\/span><\/span>\u610f\u89c1\u6316\u6398\uff08Opinion Mining, OM\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u652f\u3002\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f53\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027 [73]\uff0c[84]\uff0c[85]\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u548cF1\u5206\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u53ea\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89e3\u91ca\u60c5\u611f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f55\u65f6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u505a\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u673a\u5236 [86]\u3002Liu\u7b49\u4eba [81] \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\u5206\u6790\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6270\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u88ab\u6c47\u603b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4eba\u7c7b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6392\u540d\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u5168\u5c40\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u60c5\u611f\u7279\u5f81\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\u9519\u8bef\u5f97\u5206\u3002\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.6. \u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u88682\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8c03\u7814\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u521d\u8877\u662f\u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7814\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u51c6\u786e\u7387 [72]\u3002\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6392\u540d\u6307\u6807\u5f97\u5206\u66f4\u9ad8 [80]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6280\u672f\u8fd8\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u548c\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b [79]\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cArous\u7b49\u4eba [75] \u5728\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5408\u7406\u5730\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6743\u8861\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002Liu\u7b49\u4eba [81] \u9009\u62e9\u4e86uni-grams\u4f5c\u4e3aLIME [87]\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7279\u5f81\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u7ec8\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8d21\u732e\u3002Wallace\u7b49\u4eba [56] \u9080\u8bf7\u201c\u5174\u8da3\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\u7231\u597d\u8005\u201d\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u591f\u5e72\u6270\u667a\u80fd\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a2\u9488\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u6f5c\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08DL\uff09<\/span>\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u8bb8\u591a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f [88]\uff0c[89]\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u5df2\u88ab\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7406\u7684\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u667a\u80fd\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u5178\u578b\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u5982\u56fe7\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe7. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u901a\u7528\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2.1. \u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00 [90]\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8 [91]\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u5b57\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u522b<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u7269\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002Yao\u7b49\u4eba [92]\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u4e14\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0e\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u52a8\u5f0f\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u6765\u7ea0\u6b63\u68c0\u6d4b\u5668\u4e3a\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u56fe\u50cf\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6700\u5927\u9884\u6d4b\u6807\u6ce8\u6210\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u96be\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u906e\u6321\u7269\u4f53\u3001\u5fae\u5c0f\u7269\u4f53\u548c\u6a21\u7cca\u7269\u4f53\u3002Madono\u7b49\u4eba [93]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u7531<\/span><\/span>\u53cc\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6SORT<\/span><\/span><\/strong> [94]\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u6807\u6ce8\u5206\u6bb5\u8bc6\u522b\uff08AFSID\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53cc\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6SORT\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u7269\u4f53\u5019\u9009\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u8865\u5145\u7269\u4f53\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2.2. \u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\uff08IR\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6062\u590d\u635f\u574f\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7248\u672c[95]\u3002\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5[96]\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5[97]\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5e38\u5e38\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u5931\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u574f\u533a\u57df\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\u7684\u7eb9\u7406\u6216\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u989c\u8272\u7b49\u4f2a\u5f71\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Weber\u7b49\u4eba[98]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u6df1\u5ea6\u56fe\u50cf\u5148\u9a8c\uff08DIP\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>[99]\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u201d\u6846\u67b6\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5165\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u9001\u5165\u81ea\u52a8\u5316DIP\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u6b65\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u5bf9\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u518d\u6b21\u8f93\u5165DIP\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\u8fbe\u5230\u7528\u6237\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u624b\u52a8\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0cRoels\u7b49\u4eba[100]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2.3. \u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5373<\/span><\/span>\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u5272<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fe\u50cf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272<\/span>\uff08IS\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u50cf\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u6807\u7b7e[101]\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u56e0\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8[102]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5730\u66b4\u9732\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u5272\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u4f8b\u6765\u4fee\u6b63\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\u3002Wang\u7b49\u4eba[103]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u4eba\u5de5\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u4e24\u6b65\u6df7\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u50cf\u7d20\u7ea7\u56fe\u50cf\u6807\u6ce8\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8be5\u6df7\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u56fe\u50cf\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u96c6\uff0c\u8be5\u96c6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66b4\u9732\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u6700\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5047\u9633\u6027\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u96c6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u548c\u518d\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7cbe\u70bc\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5ffd\u89c6\u5148\u524d\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b[104]\u3002Ravanbakhsh\u7b49\u4eba[105]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>\uff08cGAN\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u8005\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6848\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u4e13\u5bb6\u8d1f\u8d23\u6807\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8868 3. \u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u89c8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>  \u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u6392\u5e8f\uff08OD\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0cIR\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u6062\u590d\uff0cIS\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272\uff0cIE\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\uff0cVOS\uff1a\u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5272\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff08\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u52a8\u673a\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

3.2.4. \u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\uff08Image Enhancement, IE\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5bf9\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f[110]\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u5173\u6ce8[111]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u9ed1\u7bb1\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u5f3a\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5ba1\u7f8e\u3002Murata \u7b49\u4eba[106]\u5219\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002\u7528\u6237\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u56fe\u50cf\u5e94\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u751f\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u76ee\u6807\u56fe\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5206\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0cRankNet [112] \u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u5206\u5b66\u4e60\u7528\u6237\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8bc4\u5206\u4f18\u5316\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u751f\u6210\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u56fe\u50cf\u7b26\u5408\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u5473\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fischer \u7b49\u4eba[107] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<\/span><\/span>\u795e\u7ecf\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u6b63\u4e0e\u589e\u5f3a\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08NICER\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002NICER\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span>\u56fe\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\uff08Image Manipulator\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6\u3001\u4eae\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u5668\uff08Quality Assessor\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u589e\u5f3a\u6548\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bc4\u5206\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f18\u5316\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u8bc4\u5206\u3002\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u4fee\u6539\u56fe\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u671d\u7740\u66f4\u4ee4\u5176\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2.5. \u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5272<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5272\uff08Video Object Segmentation, VOS\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u624b\u52a8\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e27\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u5206\u5272\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u754c\u9010\u6e10\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u89c6\u9891\u5177\u6709\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u6784\u56fe\u4e0d\u4f73\u3001\u906e\u6321\u7b49\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u5206\u5272\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e27\u8f93\u5165\u6807\u6ce8\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u6846\u67b6<\/span>\uff08human-in-the-loop\uff09<\/span>\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Benard\u7b49\u4eba[108] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5272\u65b9\u6cd5[115]\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5229\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5206\u5272\u63a9\u7801\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u8f93\u5165\u3002Oh\u7b49\u4eba[109] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u4e92\u52a8\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Interaction-and-Propagation Networks, IPN\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89c6\u9891\u5206\u5272\u573a\u666f\u3002IPN\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5173\u952e\u67b6\u6784\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e92\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6b21\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5e27\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d82\u9e26\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u5272\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9ad8\u96be\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u89c6\u9891\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2.6. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u8ff0\u89c1\u4e8e\u88683\u3002\u4ece\u88683\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u673a\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\u5404\u5f02\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u73b0\u5747\u4f18\u4e8e\u672a\u52a0\u5165\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5Madono\u7b49\u4eba[93]\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u884c\u4eba\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6700\u591a11%\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709AFSID\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6SORT\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u672a\u6807\u8bb0\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6700\u591a67%\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6574\u4f53\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u88682\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u9886\u57df\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u88683\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76[100]\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u5e26\u6765\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3002Roels\u7b49\u4eba[100]\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86DenoisEM\u57283D\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u56fe\u50cf\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53bb\u566aArabidopsis thaliana\u6839\u5c16\u7684SBF-SEM\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMadono\u7b49\u4eba[93]\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u6807\u6ce8\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\/\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u3002Oh\u7b49\u4eba[109]\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4f20\u64ad\u7f51\u7edc\uff08IPN\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea4\u4e92\u526a\u5207\u7528\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002Hudec\u7b49\u4eba[116]\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6790\u53d6\u51fd\u6570\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b0\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5c06\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5408\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

4. <\/span>\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u5bf9\u201c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u201d\u73af\u8282\u4e2d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u56de\u987e\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u504f\u597d\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u884c\u4e3a\u5d4c\u5165\u81f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u53cd\u9988\u73af\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9009\u53d6\u4e86\u56db\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Security Systems\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177\uff08Code Production Tools\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Simulation Systems\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u4ee5\u53ca <\/span><\/span>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\uff08Search Engines\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5178\u578b\u7684HITL\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5c55\u793a\u4e8e\u88684\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u88684: \u57fa\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6982\u89c8\u3002\uff08SECS\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1bCP\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\uff1bSIMS\uff1a\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1bSE\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

4.1 \u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u4e0e\u4eba\u5bc6\u5207\u8026\u5408\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe 8\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9010\u6b65\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0d\u96c6\u4e2d\u3001\u5e74\u9f84\u589e\u957f\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\u6b20\u7f3a\u7b49\u5ba2\u89c2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u8026\u5408\u6027\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6784\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe8. \u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u5411\u5982\u4f55\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u6210\u529f\u6267\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cCranor [117] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u63a8\u7406\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e3a\u8bc6\u522b\u4eba\u7c7b\u5931\u8bef\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u539f\u56e0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u8bbe\u521d\u671f\u4fbf\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fee\u590d\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ca\u65f6\u963b\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u884c\u4e3a\uff0cSingh \u7b49\u4eba [118] \u9488\u5bf9\u6838\u7535\u7ad9\u548c\u5546\u7528\u822a\u7a7a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5173\u6ce8\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff08<\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9762\uff0cHMI<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u89c6\u89c9\u53cd\u9988\u56de\u8def\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u7684\u9884\u671f\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c06\u4eba\u673a\u754c\u9762\u72b6\u6001\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u7136\u5de5\u5382\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe 9. \u73b0\u4ee3\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u75c5\u6bd2\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u865a\u5047\u4fe1\u606f\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u8303\u548c\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.2. \u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u5199<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6839\u672c\u7684\u96be\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u4f7f\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u5b66\u4f1a\u62fc\u63a5\u73b0\u6709\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u8def\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u9879\u76ee<\/span>\uff08\u56fe10\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe 10. \u501f\u52a9\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4eba\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u534f\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6700\u65e9\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u6ce8\u3002MacHiry \u7b49\u4eba [122] \u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3a <\/span><\/span>Dynodroid<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u751f\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u672a\u4fee\u6539\u7684 Android \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u7cca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002Dynodroid \u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5229\u7528 Android \u6846\u67b6\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6536\u96c6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0cDynodroid \u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5229\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u53cd\u9988\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cDynodroid \u4ee5\u4eba\u673a\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u672a\u4fee\u6539 Android \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yan \u7b49\u4eba [125] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f80\u5de5\u4f5c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4e14\u52b3\u52a8\u5229\u7528\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee3\u7801\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u501f\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u6b63\u5de5\u5177\u8f85\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u3002Bohme \u7b49\u4eba [131] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<\/span><\/span>\u9996\u4e2a\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d\u534a\u81ea\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u590d\u6846\u67b6 LEARN2FIX<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002LEARN2FIX \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u534f\u5546\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6837\u672c\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u52a8\u9519\u8bef\u5224\u65ad\u5668\uff08oracle\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d\u3002LEARN2FIX \u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6807\u6ce8\u6210\u672c<\/span>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ec5\u9700 20 \u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\uff09<\/span>\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u8db3\u591f\u9ad8\u7684\u81ea\u52a8 oracle\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u54c1\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6b64\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c06\u4ece\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f16\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u968f\u7740 BERT [11] \u4e0e GPT [12] \u7b49\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u7126\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u534a\u81ea\u52a8\u751a\u81f3\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe 11\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e95\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cSalam \u7b49\u4eba [128] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u81ea\u52a8\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8f85\u52a9\u4eba\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u8005\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u5c5e\u6027\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6d3e\u751f\u5c5e\u6027\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u9996\u5148\u57fa\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u6e38\u8d70\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u5305\u542b\u6f5c\u5728\u4f18\u8d28\u539f\u59cb\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 k \u4e2a\u5206\u6876\uff1b\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8d2a\u5a6a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u8ba9\u4eba\u5de5\u5206\u6790\u8005\u5904\u7406\u5305\u542b\u590d\u6742\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u51fa top-l \u6d3e\u751f\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u8349\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4ee5\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe 11. \u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u5728\u4e8e\u7f29\u77ed\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u8bad\u7ec3\u5230\u53ef\u90e8\u7f72\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002MA \u7b49\u4eba [127] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf Helix\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u590d\u7528\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u591a\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cHelix \u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7f3a\u5931\u95ee\u9898\uff0cRenner \u7b49\u4eba [132] \u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5373\u5982\u4f55\u5411\u7528\u6237\u89e3\u91ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5373\u7528\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\u6216\u6307\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u4e60\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e72\u9884\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6307\u5f15\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.3. \u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9645\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u6d41\u7a0b\u9884\u6d4b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5e94\u7528\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u6027\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span>\uff08Human-in-the-loop\uff09<\/span>\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u4eba\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4e0e\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Davidson \u7b49\u4eba [133] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u534a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8bbf\u8c08\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u91c7\u8bbf\u5173\u952e\u77e5\u60c5\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u516b\u9879\u63d0\u5347\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u671f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7eb3\u5165\u4eba\u4e3a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u519b\u4e8b\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u53ef\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8d27\u8fd0\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u89c4\u5212\u51b3\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6d41\u7a0b\u4eff\u771f\u65b9\u9762\uff0cDemirel \u7b49\u4eba [134] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u4eba-\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5229\u7528<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u5efa\u6a21\u6280\u672f\uff08Digital Human Modeling, DHM\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5f15\u5165\u8ba1\u7b97\u5efa\u6a21\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u9884\u8bbe\u89d2\u8272\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5de5\u6548\u5b66\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5230\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u4eff\u771f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u9762\uff0cMetzner \u7b49\u4eba [135] \u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u878d\u5408\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u53ca\u5de5\u4e1a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4eff\u771f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u2013\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u201d\u534f\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u6280\u672f\u518d\u73b0\u4eba\u673a\u5171\u4f5c\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u8fd0\u52a8\u8ffd\u8e2a\u88c5\u7f6e\u83b7\u53d6\u4eba\u7c7b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u4e92\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e2\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.4. <\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u667a\u80fd\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4ecd\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5efa\u6a21\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5173\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u63a8\u8350\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Polisetty \u7b49\u4eba [136] \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6301\u7eed\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8054\u5408\u63a8\u8350\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u878d\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u805a\u5408\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e0e\u7ed3\u679c\u63a8\u8350\u4e09\u5927\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u63a8\u8350\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u8bc4\u8bba\u6458\u8981\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u8bc4\u5206\u9884\u6d4b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u642d\u914d\u7f51\u9875\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u6210\u679c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u89c6\u89c9\u2013\u6587\u672c\u201d\u8bed\u4e49\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u4f9d\u65e7\u9762\u4e34\u8bf8\u591a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5177\u5907\u5929\u7136\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5f15\u5165\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u73af\u8282<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u56fe 12\uff09<\/span>\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kovashka \u7b49\u4eba [123] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u53cd\u9988\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u89c9\u5bf9\u6bd4\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u504f\u597d\u5e76\u4e3b\u5bfc\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u67e5\u8be2 \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u53cd\u9988 \u2192 \u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u53cd\u9988 \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u518d\u6b21\u6839\u636e\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u6574\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u6536\u53cd\u9988 \u2192 \u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u7ec8\u4ece\u53cd\u9988\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u81ea\u6211\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u88ab\u52a8\u5f0f\u6216\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u66f4\u5c11\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0cPlummer \u7b49\u4eba [129] \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f18\u5316\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4eba\u5de5\u7279\u5f81\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u54ea\u4e9b\u56fe\u50cf\u6700\u5177\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6307\u5bfc\u53cd\u9988\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u8fd8\u6269\u5c55\u4e86<\/span><\/span>\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Conditional Similarity Networks\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u5c06\u5168\u5c40\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u7eb3\u5165\u89c6\u89c9\u5d4c\u5165\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u56fe\u50cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u8fc7\u6e21\u66f4\u52a0\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u81ea\u66f4\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u5347\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u603b\u7684\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u65ad\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u7528\u6237\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u3001\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe 12. \u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u56fe\u50cf\u641c\u7d22\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u573a\u666f\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df [130]\uff0c[137]\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u3001\u76d1\u7763\u578b\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f17\u5305\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFredrik Wrede \u7b49\u4eba [130] \u5c06\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u534a\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u57fa\u56e0\u8c03\u63a7\u7814\u7a76\uff1bRosenberg \u7b49\u4eba [124] \u5219\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u7fa4\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4f17\u5305\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1bLi \u7b49\u4eba [138] \u5219\u91c7\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u68c0\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u62d3\u5c55\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

5. <\/span>\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u673a\u9047<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u201c<\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6311\u6218\u548c\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728<\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c<\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.1. \u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5165\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u987e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5206\u6790\u539f\u56e0\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u4ea4\u4e92<\/span>\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u6ce8\uff09<\/span>\u5e76\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5468\u671f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u968f\u7740\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u56fe\u50cf\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f[139]\u3002\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0cHolzinger\u7b49\u4eba[140]\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u56fe\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u9006\u5411\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u4e14\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848[141]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u5faa\u73af\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8\u53ea\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4fd7\u8bdd\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u6388\u4eba\u4ee5\u9c7c\u4e0d\u5982\u6388\u4eba\u4ee5\u6e14\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5e2e\u52a9\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6[142]\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u4f7f\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fed\u4ee3\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u667a\u80fd[143]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u63a8\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u878d\u5165\u63a8\u7406\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u4e5f\u80fd\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c[117]\u3002\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4efb\u52a1\u5c5e\u4e8e\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7075\u611f\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u611f\u548c\u5ba1\u7f8e\u4ecd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c[144]\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u591a\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u5c06\u662f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u91cd\u8981\u6837\u672c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e72\u9884\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528[145]\uff0c[146]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u5272\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u5e76\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u8bb0\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u6210\u672c\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u6210\u719f\u4e14\u503c\u5f97\u501f\u9274\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7075\u611f[147]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u8bc4\u4f30\u57fa\u51c6\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u57fa\u51c6\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u51c6\u5c1a\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u57fa\u51c6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u57fa\u51c6\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u7814\u7a76[30]\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5236\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5916\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u5316\u4e5f\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u7528\u7684\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u6846\u67b6\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u5176\u5f53\u524d\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u6613\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u4e00\u7279\u5f81\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u51b3[148]\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u51fa\u73b0[39][149]\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u5fae\u8c03\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f15\u5165\u5927\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2. \u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fc3\u8fdb\u66f4\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u9488\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9<\/span>\uff08CV\uff09<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u73af\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2.1. \u4eba\u673a\u534f\u540cNLP\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cf\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u6458\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5546\u4e1a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e92\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed9\u51fa\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u7a00\u758f\u6027 [150]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u63a2\u7d22\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u89e3\u6790\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5927\u578b\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684 [43]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\u4efb\u52a1\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4fe1\u4efb\u6216\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6 [151]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u6076\u610f\u4e2a\u4eba\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u9020\u6210\u5371\u5bb3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u5fae\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u5177\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u64cd\u63a7\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u704c\u8f93\u6781\u7aef\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u6b3a\u8bc8\u7b49 [79]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2.2. \u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u6062\u590d\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u57fa\u4e8e\u76d1\u7763\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u53c2\u6570\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u673a\u534f\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054[100]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u4e0b\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f30\u8ba1\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684[152]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2.3. \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u76d1\u7763\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u53ef\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9519\u8bef\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u5177\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669[153]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u5171\u4eab\u66f4\u591a\u7528\u4e8eNLP\u548cCV\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6570\u636e\u96c6[30]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b[72]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e76\u5f00\u5c55\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u8c28\u548c\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u67b6\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027[151]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u5b9a\u4e49\u663e\u5f0f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u53f7[150]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u6536\u96c6\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684[154]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u53cd\u9988\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u53cd\u9988\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u6a21\u578b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u4eba\u5de5\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316[155]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.2.4. <\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u65f6\u673a\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u95ee\u9898 [156]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u5f80\u5f80\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0 [157], [158]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5728\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u6a21\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u62bd\u8c61\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898 [159]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5f53\u524d\u4eba\u5de5\u5e72\u9884\u591a\u505c\u7559\u5728\u8868\u5c42\u5224\u65ad\uff08\u5982\u63a5\u53d7\/\u62d2\u7edd\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u5f15\u5bfc\uff09\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u662f\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bfe\u9898 [160]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u5177\u5907\u5bf9\u9886\u57df\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u6270\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u8d8a\u754c\u201d\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5f3a\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u4e0e\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b [161]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u73b0\u6709\u5173\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d\uff08Human-in-the-loop, HITL\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u89d2\u5ea6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6839\u636e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5212\u5206\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u6570\u636e\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u8fed\u4ee3\u6807\u6ce8<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e09\u7c7b\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u66f4\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5c42\u9762\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7814\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u534a\u76d1\u7763\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u4e0e\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u5173\u952e\u6837\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5219\u76f8\u5bf9\u8584\u5f31\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u4e3a\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u9ad8\u7ef4\u77e5\u8bc6\u6709\u6548\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63a8\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u8c03\u7814\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u591a\u6570\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u591a\u4ee5\u53c2\u4e0e\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u636e\u589e\u91cf\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e9f\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u9006\u5411\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684HITL\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u5212\u5206\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span><\/span>\u4eff\u771f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u56db\u7c7b\u3002\u8c03\u7814\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5355\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u5f15\u5165\u9ad8\u9636\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e9f\u9700\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u201c\u4eba\u5728\u73af\u8def\u201d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9CV\u3001NLP\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u6784\u5efa\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u878d\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u9ad8\u7ef4\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u6df7\u5408\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5e7f\u9614\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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[1] S. Dong, P. Wang, K. Abbas, A survey on deep learning and its applications, Comp. Sci. Rev. 40 (2021) 100379.<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n

[2] A. Brutzkus, A. Globerson, Why do larger models generalize better? A theoretical perspective via the XOR problem, in: ICML, 2019, pp. 822\u2013830.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[3] B. Zhou, A. Lapedriza, J. Xiao, A. Torralba, A. Oliva, Learning deep features for scene recognition using places database, in: NIPS, 2014, pp. 487\u2013495.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[4] J. Li, J. Yang, A. Hertzmann, J. Zhang, T. Xu, LayoutGAN: Synthesizing graphic layouts with vector-wireframe adversarial networks, IEEE Trans. PAMI 43 (7) (2021) 2388\u20132399.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[5] S. Zhao, Z. Liu, J. Lin, J.-Y. Zhu, S. Han, Differentiable augmentation for data-efficient gan training, NIPS 33 (2020) 7559\u20137570.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[6] H.T. Shen, X. Zhu, Z. Zhang, S.-H. Wang, Y. Chen, X. Xu, J. Shao, Heterogeneous data fusion for predicting mild cognitive impairment conversion, Inf. Fusion 66 (2021) 54\u201363.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[7] X. Qiu, T. Sun, Y. Xu, Y. Shao, N. Dai, X. Huang, Pre-trained models for natural language processing: A survey, Sci. China Technol. Sci. (2020)1\u201326.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[8] M. Zaib, Q.Z. Sheng, W. Emma Zhang, A short survey of pre-trained language models for conversational AI-A new age in NLP, in: ACSW, 2020, pp. 1\u20134.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[9] S. Bahrami, F. Dornaika, A. Bosaghzadeh, Joint auto-weighted graph fusion and scalable semi-supervised learning, Inf. Fusion 66 (2021) 213\u2013228.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[10] A. Vaswani, N. Shazeer, N. Parmar, J. Uszkoreit, L. Jones, A.N. Gomez, L. Kaiser, I. Polosukhin, Attention is all you need, in: NIPS, 2017.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[11] J. Devlin, M.-W. Chang, K. Lee, K. Toutanova, BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding, in: NAACL, 2019,pp. 4171\u20134186.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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