{"id":61992,"date":"2025-07-12T21:09:05","date_gmt":"2025-07-12T13:09:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=61992"},"modified":"2025-07-12T21:09:05","modified_gmt":"2025-07-12T13:09:05","slug":"%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af%e5%88%86%e8%a7%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%a0%e6%9e%9c%e6%b6%8c%e7%8e%b0%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%ef%bd%9c%e9%9b%86%e6%99%ba%e7%99%be%e7%a7%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=61992","title":{"rendered":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72ec\u7279\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5316\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u6001\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u8001\u5e08\u9886\u8854\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b2c\u516d\u5b63\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bdd\u9898\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u63a8\u8350\u4f60\u52a0\u5165\u793e\u533a\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u201c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u7cbe\u9009\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u4e13\u680f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u63a8\u9001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u79d1\u5b66\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u5e0c\u671b\u6253\u9020\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3001\u70ed\u7231\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u7406\u548c\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u6587\u672b\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u7801\u62a5\u540d\u52a0\u5165\u767e\u79d1\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\uff01<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u2191\u2191\u2191\u626b\u7801\u76f4\u8fbe\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5415\u5965\u535a\u3001\u5f20\u6c5f <\/span><\/span><\/span>| \u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f20\u6c5f\u3001\u8881\u51b0\u3001\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u3001\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f <\/span><\/span><\/span>| \u6574\u7406&\u5ba1\u6821<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


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\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u5386\u53f2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.1\t\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.2\t\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1.3\t\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.1\t\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.2\t\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1\t\u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1.1\t\u6848\u4f8b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.2\t\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3.3\t\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.1\t\u5404\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.1.1\t\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.1.2\t\u7279\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.1.3\t\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.2\t\u5145\u5206\u6307\u6807\u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.3\t\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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1. \u5386\u53f2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bd5\u56fe\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u56de\u7b54\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.1 \u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b8f\u5fae\u89c2\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/span>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u3002\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u5927\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u5373\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6784\u6210\u5b83\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6240\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027<\/span><\/span>[3]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6307\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span>[2]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[4]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\uff0c\u5982\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>[5]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span>[6]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u505c\u7559\u5728\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982 Bedau\u7b49\u4eba<\/span><\/span>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[8]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u6d8c\u73b0\u5206\u4e3a\u540d\u4e49\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span>[9]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[10]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u3001\u5f31\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span>[7]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[11]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u4e0e\u5f3a\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span>[12]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[13]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.2 \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6d8c\u73b0\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8054\u7cfb\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5b83\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5404\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u4eba\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u5c06\u5b8f\u89c2\u56e0\u7d20\u5f52\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fae\u89c2\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u5f52\u56e0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86\u5bf9\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u523b\u753b\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u56e0\u679c\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u523b\u753b\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/span>
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2013\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7406\u8bba\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6 Erik Hoel \u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u56e0\u679c\u5f15\u5165\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Effective Information\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 EI\uff09\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u5f3a\u5f31<\/span><\/span>[14]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>[15]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u76f8\u8f83\u5176\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8f\u89c2\u548c\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5b66\u8005\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u8ba8\u8bba\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8005\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff08downward causation\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5230\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u58c1\u864e\u65ad\u5c3e\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u5371\u9669\u65f6\uff0c\u58c1\u864e\u4e0d\u7ba1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5c3e\u5df4\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5b83\u65ad\u6389\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6574\u4f53\u662f\u56e0\uff0c\u5c3e\u5df4\u662f\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u6307\u5411\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.3 \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0cErik Hoel\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5b8f\u89c2\u548c\u5fae\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53d8\u91cf\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u683c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u7b80\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u800c\u6d88\u9664\u5bf9\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff1b\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d8c\u73b0\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u523b\u753b\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u5927\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c\u201d\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c2020 \u5e74\uff0cRosas \u7b49<\/span><\/span>[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u8005\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u5b9a\u91cf\u7684\u523b\u753b\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u907f\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u5206\u6790\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u590d\u6742\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u501f\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u6676\u683c\u56fe\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u5728 Williams \u548c Beer \u7b49<\/span><\/span>[17]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u8d1f\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08PID\uff09\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u89e3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cPID \u6846\u67b6\u53ea\u80fd\u5206\u89e3\u5173\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cRosas \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>[18]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u6765\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u89e3\u540e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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2. \u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span>2.1 \u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u4e0e\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08Partial Information Decomposition\uff09\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u6240\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6210\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u7684\u590d\u6742\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span>
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\u5728\u4e24\u53d8\u91cf\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f <\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5316\u5355\u4e2a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u52a0\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7531<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u6d4b\u5ea6\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u2208<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/span>\u5f02\u6216<\/span><\/span><\/b>\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>O<\/span><\/span>R<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u603b\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f <\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f <\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5173\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u7ecf\u5178\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u71b5\u8f7b\u6613\u6355\u6349\u5230\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u573a\u666f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u5c06\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5904\u5404\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7 Unq<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>\u2216<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>) \u8868\u793a\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u5355\u72ec\u7ed9\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5177\u6709\u7684\u5173\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u7684\u201c\u72ec\u7279\u201d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7 Syn<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>) \u8868\u793a\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6240\u6709\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u548c <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u8054\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7ed9\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7 Red<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span>) \u8868\u793a\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u91cd\u590d\u5730\u7ed9\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>Y<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u7684\u201c\u5197\u4f59\u201d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b83\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u6ee1\u8db3\u5982\u4e0b\u7ea6\u675f\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u9664\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u97e6\u6069\u56fe\u6240\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u5e38\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6676\u683c\u56fe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ee5\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ef4\u6301\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6676\u683c\u56fe\uff08lattice\uff09\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u4ee3\u6570\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u5e8f\u96c6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\uff08redundancy\u202flattice\uff09\u3002\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u5730\u5217\u4e3e\u5e76\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\u6e90\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u7531\u53cd\u94fe\uff08antichain\uff09\u548c\u53cd\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u504f\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53cd\u94fe\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u6e90\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u5b50\u96c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5143\u7d20\u6240\u7ec4\u5408\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u95f4\u4e24\u4e24\u4e92\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\uff08\u5373\u4e92\u76f8\u4e0d\u4e3a\u5b50\u96c6\uff09\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u202f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u96c6\u5408<\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span>N<\/span><\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\uff0c \u8fd9\u91cc<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u662f <\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span> \u7684\u6240\u6709\u975e\u7a7a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u53cd\u94fe\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u504f\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e24\u6761\u53cd\u94fe\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>\u548c\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49 <\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>\u2264<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span>\u27fa<\/span><\/span>\u2200<\/span><\/span>B<\/span><\/span>\u2208<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>\u2203<\/span><\/span>A<\/span><\/span>\u2208<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>A<\/span><\/span>\u2286<\/span><\/span>B<\/span><\/span>. \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>\u202f\u201c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u201d\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span>\u202f\u5f53\u4e14\u4ec5\u5f53\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>\u202f\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u90fd\u662f\u202f\u202f<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u5728\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u4efd\u989d\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u683c\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784\u5219\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u5197\u4f59\u6210\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5305\u542b\u4e0e\u5206\u89e3\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a PID \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u5316\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e24\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u96c6\u5408 <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u975e\u7a7a\u5b50\u96c6\u5305\u542b <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u7684\u65e0\u91cd\u590d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u5305\u62ec <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u548c <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u94fe\uff08anti-chain\uff09\u4e0e\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u65e2<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5bf9\u5e94\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u548c <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5bf9\u5e94\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u5e94\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

<\/span>2.2 \u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08Integrated Information Decomposition\uff09\u662fRosas\u7b49<\/span><\/span>[14]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5c55\u3002\u4e0e\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u5173\u6ce8\u4e00\u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e24\u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u5212\u5206\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u5bf9\u4e24\u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1\uff09\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u89c6\u4e3a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u91cf\u89c6\u4f5c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2\uff09\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ec4\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u89c6\u4e3a\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u91cf\u89c6\u4f5c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e24\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0b\u56fea\u4e2d\u662f\u524d\u540e\u5411\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u65f6\u523b\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u89c6\u89d2\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u4fbf\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u56feb\u4e2d\u768416\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5f69\u8272\u8fde\u8fb9\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u53f3\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5f69\u8272\u683c\u70b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5de6\u4fa7\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9{12}\u5230{12}\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u7ebf\u6761\u5bf9\u5e94\u53f3\u56fe\u4e2d\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9{12}->{12}\u683c\u70b9\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u53f7\u4e0e\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u4e2d\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u7684\u8bb0\u53f7\u542b\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u989d\u5916\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5728\u539f\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5197\u4f59\u5230\u5197\u4f59\u539f\u5b50\uff09\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\uff08\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8865\u5145\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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3. \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

Rosas\u7b49<\/span><\/span>[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup> \u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u4ea7\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08PhiID\uff09\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7c7b\u578b\u5212\u5206\uff1a\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff08Causal Decoupling\uff09\u548c\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff08Downward Causation\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5206\u7c7b\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u548c\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u5373\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u548c\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u5177\u4f53\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.1 \u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff08Causal Emergence\uff09\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u52a8\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u7ea7\uff08microscopic level\uff09\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u7ea7\uff08macroscopic level\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\uff08PID\uff09\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65 <\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\uff08microscopic state\uff09 \u7531 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u65f6\u95f4 <\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u65f6\u523b\u7684\u7b2c <\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ef4\u968f\u673a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8be5\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8ek\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u6240\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u534f\u540c\u6548\u7528\u7684\u603b\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4e14\u82e5\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6\uff0c\u5219\u5148\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u4e0e\u540e\u7eed\u65f6\u523b\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff08irreducible synergy\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8be5<\/span><\/span><\/b>\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8ek\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u6240\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u534f\u540c\u6548\u7528\u7684\u603b\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u975ePID\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e14k=1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u4e24\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6676\u683c\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>123<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7c89\u8272\u533a\u57df\u6240\u6709\u6676\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

<\/span>3.1.1 \u6848\u4f8b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u53d8\u91cf\u5e03\u5c14\u7f51\u7edc\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u9075\u5faa\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u662f\u56db\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fde\u8fb9\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dA\u8282\u70b9\u53d7\u5230C\u3001D\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1bB\u8282\u70b9\u53d7\u5230C\u3001D\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1bC\u8282\u70b9\u53d7\u5230A\u3001B\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1bD\u8282\u70b9\u53d7\u5230A\u3001B\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u8868\u683c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u56fe\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6982\u7387\u503c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7ed8\u5236\u51fa\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u94fe\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u79fb\u56fe\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u7070\u5ea6\u4ee3\u8868\u6982\u7387\u503c\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fde\u8fb9\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u7070\u5ea6\u4ee3\u8868\u6982\u7387\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528William\u548cBeer\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56db\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5e9e\u6742\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u753b\u51fa\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u4e3e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u975e\u96f6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u4e0e\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u5305\u62ecABCD\u56db\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u540c\uff0cA,B\u548cC,D\u4e24\u4e24\u5206\u7ec4\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caABCD\u56db\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7531\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u5219\u4e3a\u524d12\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>S<\/span><\/span>y<\/span><\/span>n<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/sup>k<\/span><\/span><\/sup>)<\/span><\/span><\/sup>(<\/span><\/span>A<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>B<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>C<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>A<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>B<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>C<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u8be5\u6848\u4f8b\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u5ea6\u91cf\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u524d12\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u51710.8018\u6bd4\u7279\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.2 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0a\u8ff0\u57fa\u4e8e\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u523b\u753b\u51fa\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u5927\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c\u201d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5374\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u5b9e\u9645\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u9636\u7684\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u5197\u4f59\u6676\u683c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d8\u91cf\u6570\u7684\u589e\u957f\u800c\u6307\u6570\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cRosas\u5728<\/span><\/span>[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u4e2d\u53c8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u57fa\u4e8e\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\uff08macroscopic state\uff09 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u7531\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\uff08coarse-graining\uff09\u7b56\u7565\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u5373\uff1a <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>=<\/span><\/span>f<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570 <\/span><\/span>f<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>\u22c5<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8f83\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u8868\u5f81\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u662f <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u968f\u9644\u7279\u5f81\uff08supervenience\uff09\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u503c\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u8868\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u91cf\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u968f\u9644\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff09 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub> \uff081\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u8868\u793a\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5206\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u5bf9<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u4efb\u4f55<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\u5927\u5c0f\u5927\u4e8ek\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>><\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5219\u79f0\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u7684 <\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a\u6392\u9664\u6389\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6bcf<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u6784\u6210\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7ec4\u5185\u90e8\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8be5\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u9488\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u4ece\u8be5\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u51fa\u53d1\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e76\u4e0d\u518d\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6307\u6807\u60f3\u8981\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94(\u7684\u4ee3\u8868<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> )\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e24\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee4\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf1\u548c2\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cfV<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>=<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf3\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a{<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7c89\u8272\u533a\u57df\u6240\u6709\u6676\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u622a\u5c4f2025-05-24<\/section>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cRosas \u7b49\u4eba\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f15\u7406\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span>[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u5f15\u7406 1\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u65f6\u95f4 <\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u5b9a\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u81f3\u5c11\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e2\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u8d21\u732e\uff08\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bd4\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u65e2 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u534f\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\u5224\u65ad\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u800c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u662f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\u7684\u4e0b\u754c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u82e5 <\/span><\/span>U<\/span><\/span>n<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>|<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u5927\u4e8e 0\uff0c\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u907f Erik Hoel\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u800c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\u501f\u52a9\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7ec4\u5408\u7206\u70b8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.3 \u57fa\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6839\u636e\u516c\u5f0f<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u8be5\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7531\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u96be\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Rosas\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/span>[16]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u4e2d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u7279\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u8868\u91cc<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cf\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e14\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f53<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u957f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u51cf\u53bb\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u88ab\u4ece\u4e24\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e2d\u5254\u9664\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6548\u679c\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
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\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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4. \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5206\u89e3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>|<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e5f\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u53d8\u5316\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6f14\u5316\uff1a<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>|<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7531<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>|<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span>\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff08Causal Emergence\uff09 \u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u6216\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7ea2\u7eff\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5177\u4fe1\u606f\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u7531\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u7ea7\u76f4\u63a5\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u5177\u4f53\u5173\u6ce8\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff08Downward Causation\uff09\uff1a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5fae\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u4ec5\u5355\u72ec\u8003\u8651\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b8f\u89c2\u4fe1\u606f\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u76f4\u63a5\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff08Causal Decoupling\uff09\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u6240\u6709\u4ec5\u5355\u72ec\u8003\u8651\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u7684\u603b\u548c\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u603b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u9879\uff0c\u5373\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6848\u4f8b\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u79cd\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u4f5c\u8005\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50(\u5982\u4e0a\u5f0f)\uff0c\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u751f\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u801c\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u8be5\u8be5\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u8868\u793a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4e3a\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f02\u6216<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4e3a\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u53d6\u503c\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56e0\u800c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c31\u770b\u505a\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u6240\u6709\u7ef4\u5ea6\u548c\u7684\u5947\u5076\u6027\uff0c\u8be5\u5947\u5076\u6027\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u7684\u5f02\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u8868\u793a\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u53d6\u503c\u662f\u7531\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\uff08\u5168\u90e8\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f02\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff08\u8fd0\u7b97\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6839\u636e<\/span><\/span>\u03b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d6\u503c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u65f6\u523b\u95f4\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u8026\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.1 \u5404\u9879\u5177\u4f53\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u53ef\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff08Downward Causation\uff09\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff08Causal Decoupling\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u90fd\u5206\u522b\u6709\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.1.1 \u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u5982\u679c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u91c7\u7528\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u968f\u9644\u7279\u5f81\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u53ef\u57fa\u4e8ePhiID\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u662f\u6307\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u540e\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4ece\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u53cd\u94fe\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5230\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u53cd\u94fe\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u3002\u800c\u4ee3\u8868\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u8026\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u540e\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4ece\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u53cd\u94fe\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5230\u975e\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u53cd\u94fe\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u53cd\u94fe\uff09\uff08\u5305\u542b\u5728<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u4e3a1\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u53cd\u94fe\u3002\u800c\u975e\u534f\u540c\u539f\u5b50\uff08\u5305\u542b\u5728<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\uff09\u5219\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u4e3a1\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u53cd\u94fe\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e8c\u53d8\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u800c<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u53d7<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a \u5728<\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5230<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>+<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230 16 \u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u7531PID \u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u4f5c\u7528\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u539f\u5b50\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u5bf9\u7684\u6709\u5411\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0c\u4ece <\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\u56db\u4e2a <\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u7c7b\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff08G\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u53d6\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff08D\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>12<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>{<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span>}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u53d6\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6\u5219\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cPhiID \u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e25\u683c\u523b\u753b\u56e0\u679c\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bc6\u522b\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.1.2 \u7279\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u968f\u9644\u7279\u5f81 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u65f6\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u6587\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/span>U<\/span><\/span>n<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>|<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5bf9\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u672a\u6765\u72b6\u6001 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7531\u5355\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>, \u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u4ee3\u8868\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>|<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span>|<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u610f\u5473\u7740\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b8f\u89c2\u7279\u5f81 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5f71\u54cd\u672a\u6765\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001 <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u7ea7\uff08<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u6216 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>U<\/span><\/span>n<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u2223<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4efb\u610f\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u90fd\u5b58\u5728<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub> \uff0c\u5219\u79f0<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u5177\u6709\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u6d8c\u73b0\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u5219\u79f0\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u8026\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/b> \u6b64\u5904\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8ff0\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6b67\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u8bae\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5206\u522b\u5199\u4f5c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u548c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u6216<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5957\u7528PID\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bf9\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u4fee\u6b63\u540e\u7684\u8be5\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u6709\u7c97\u783a\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u7684PhiID\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.1.3 \u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba1\u7b97\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 – \u8ba1\u7b97<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u6216 <\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u968f\u7740\u53d8\u91cf\u6570\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u5747\u5448\u73b0\u6307\u6570\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be\u5c06\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd – \u7531\u4e8e <\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u6d4b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027 – \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0cPID \u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5bfc\u81f4\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 PID \u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 PID \u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4ecd\u7136\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u83b7\u53d6\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.2 \u5145\u5206\u6307\u6807\u548c\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cRosas\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u548c\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u91cf\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5957\u6807\u51c6\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u590d\u51cf\u53bb\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ed3\u679c\u6210\u4e3a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. <\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u957f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u51cf\u53bb\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u88ab\u4ece\u4e24\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e2d\u5254\u9664\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u540c\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u6548\u679c\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. <\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u603b\u548c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u662f<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u5927\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u65e2\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4efb\u610f\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cfj\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u53ea\u7531\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6307\u6807\uff0c<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7528\u9014\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u5f53<\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span><\/sub>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>><\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span> \uff0c\u8fd9\u662fV<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/sub>\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5728\u5254\u9664\u6240\u6709\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u540e\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u91cd\u590d\u5254\u9664\uff09\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u6b63\u503c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u7531\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u5f53<\/span><\/span>\u0394<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span><\/sub>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>><\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span> \uff0c\u8fd9\u662fV<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/sub>\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cfV<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/sub>\u4f7f\u5f97\u8be5\u503c\u4e3a\u6b63\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u800c\u8a00\u5373\u4fbf\u91cd\u590d\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4f59\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e7\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5fae\u89c2\u6001<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u5f53<\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span><\/sub>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>><\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e14<\/span><\/span>\u0393<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>,<\/span><\/span><\/sub>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span>=<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u7684\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5373\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6d8c\u73b0\u6027\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u6d8c\u73b0\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0f\u4e8e0\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6d8c\u73b0\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u5177\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u5927\u91cf\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6d8c\u73b0\u6027\u65f6\u9762\u4e34\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u662f\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9009\u62e9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f3a\u8c03\u8be5\u5957\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0cRosas\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u7c92\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\u5728\u5eb7\u5a01\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6e38\u620f\uff08Conway\u2019s Game of Life\uff09\u4e2d\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u9e1f\u7fa4\u52a8\u6001\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u7315\u7334\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8be6\u89c1\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cRosas\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u5ff5\u548c<\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u8868\u5f81\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u907f\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5145\u5206\u5224\u65ad\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f25\u5408\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e\u5b9a\u91cf\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.3 \u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Kaplanis \u7b49\u4eba<\/span><\/span>[19]<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60 (Representation learning) \u7684\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u5373\u516c\u5f0f<\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/b>\uff09\u800c\u81ea\u53d1\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/span>f<\/span><\/span>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5c06\u5fae\u89c2\u8f93\u5165<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u6210\u5b8f\u89c2\u8f93\u51fa<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7684\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/span>g<\/span><\/span>\u03d5<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span>h<\/span><\/span>\u03be<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u6765\u5206\u522b\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>;<\/span><\/span>V<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub>)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u7b49\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee (\u5373<\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>) \u6765\u4f18\u5316\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u8be5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u56fea\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u5b66\u4e60\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u67b6\u6784\"<\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56feb\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a toy \u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5fae\u89c2\u8f93\u5165<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u5b58\u5728 6 \u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b58\u5728 0 \u548c 1 \u4e24\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c<\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub>+<\/span><\/span><\/sub>1<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u662f <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\u8868\u793a\u5fae\u89c2\u8f93\u5165 <\/span><\/span>X<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \u524d 5 \u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u52a0\u548c\u6a21 2 \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\u5b58\u5728 <\/span><\/span>\u03b3<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u6982\u7387\u76f8\u7b49<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/span><\/sub>\uff0c\u5fae\u89c2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4ee5 <\/span><\/span>\u03b3<\/span><\/span>e<\/span><\/span>x<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>r<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u6982\u7387\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u76f8\u7b49(<\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u56feb\u6240\u793a\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u56fea\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u5927\u5316 <\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u6765\u7684 <\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684 groundtruth <\/span><\/span>\u03a8<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u8fd1\u4f3c\u76f8\u7b49\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u51fa\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u6b63\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5b8f\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u6570\uff08\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff09\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5219\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u5728\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4e14\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5145\u5206\u975e\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f0a\u7aef\u4f1a\u88ab\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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5. \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06 Hoel \u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0e Rosas \u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u91cf\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u8005\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0cRosas \u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9884\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u8c28\u548c\u6b63\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u6548\u5730\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4f2a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6216\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span>
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<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u9644\u5f55<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5173\u8054\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u89e3\u6790:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\uff1a\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff08<\/span><\/span>\u03a6<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6570\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. PID\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684PID\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u56e0\u679c\u89e3\u8026\uff1a\u5b8f\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u5fae\u89c2\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u6216\u6d88\u9664\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u5411\u4e0b\u56e0\u679c\uff1a\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\u5fae\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

6. \u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u8861\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
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\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

     M<\/span>eehl P E, Sellars W. The concept of emergence[J]. Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, 1956, 1239-252.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

     Holland J H. Emergence: From chaos to order[M]. OUP Oxford, 2000.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

     Anderson P W. More is different: broken symmetry and the nature of the hierarchical structure of science[J]. Science, 1972, 177(4047): 393-396.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

     Holland, J.H. Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity; Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.: Boston, MA, USA, 1996.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

     Reynolds, C.W. Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model. In Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, Anaheim, CA, USA, 27\u201331 July 1987; pp. 25\u201334.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

     Wei, J.; Tay, Y.; Bommasani, R.; Raffel, C.; Zoph, B.; Borgeaud, S.; Yogatama, D.; Bosma, M.; Zhou, D.; Metzler, D.; et al. Emergent abilities of large language models. arXiv 2022, arXiv:2206.07682.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

     Bedau, M.A. Weak emergence. Philos. Perspect. 1997, 11, 375\u2013399. [CrossRef]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  8. \n

     Bedau, M. Downward causation and the autonomy of weak emergence. Principia Int. J. Epistemol. 2002, 6, 5\u201350.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  9. \n

     Harr\u00e9, R. The Philosophies of Science; Oxford University Press: New York, NY, USA , 1985.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  10. \n

     Baas, N.A. Emergence, hierarchies, and hyperstructures. In Artificial Life III, SFI Studies in the Science of Complexity, XVII; Routledge: Abingdon, UK, 1994; pp. 515\u2013537.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  11. \n

     Newman, D.V. Emergence and strange attractors. Philos. Sci. 1996, 63, 245\u2013261. [CrossRef]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  12. \n

     Kim, J. \u2018Downward causation\u2019 in emergentism and nonreductive physicalism. In Emergence or Reduction; Walter de Gruyter: Berlin, Germany, 1992; pp. 119\u2013138.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  13. \n

     O\u2019Connor, T. Emergent properties. Am. Philos. Q. 1994, 31, 91\u2013104<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  14. \n

     P. A. Mediano, F. Rosas, R. L. Carhart-Harris, A. K. Seth, A. B. Barrett, Beyond integrated information: A taxonomy of information dynamics phenomena, arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.02297 (2019).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  15. \n

     Hoel E P. When the map is better than the territory[J]. Entropy, 2017, 19(5): 188.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  16. \n

     Rosas F E, Mediano P A, Jensen H J, et al. Reconciling emergences: An information-theoretic approach to identify causal emergence in multivariate data[J]. PLoS computational biology, 2020, 16(12): e1008289.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  17. \n

     Williams P L, Beer R D. Nonnegative decomposition of multivariate information[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:10042515, 2010.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  18. \n

     P. A. Mediano, F. Rosas, R. L. Carhart-Harris, A. K. Seth, A. B. Barrett, Beyond integrated information: A taxonomy of information dynamics phenomena, arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.02297 (2019).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  19. \n

     Kaplanis C, Mediano P, Rosas F. Learning causally emergent representations[C]\/\/NeurIPS 2023 workshop: Information-Theoretic Principles in Cognitive Systems. 2023.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n


    <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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    (\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u53ef<\/span>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u52a8<\/span><\/strong>\u67e5\u770b)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/section>\n
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    \u672c\u8bcd\u6761\u7531\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u4f17\u5305\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u96be\u514d\u5b58\u5728\u7eb0\u6f0f\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u7559\u8a00\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u4e00\u7ecf\u91c7\u7eb3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u5956\u52b1\u5662\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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    \u52a0\u5165\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/section>\n

    \u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u793e\u533a\u4f19\u4f34\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u8bda\u631a\u9080\u8bf7\u70ed\u7231\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u60a8\uff0c\u52a0\u5165<\/span><\/span>\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u7f16\u5199\u5fd7\u613f\u56e2\u961f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff01\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u662f\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u9898\u5145\u6ee1\u70ed\u5ff1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u60a8\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u8bfb\u8005\u4f20\u9012\u6743\u5a01\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97<\/span><\/span>\u4e13\u5bb6\u6307\u5bfc<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u4eba\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8dc3\u5347\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u6210\u957f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udcdd <\/span><\/span>\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u804c\u8d23<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u521b\u4f5c\u65b0\u8bcd\u6761\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8986\u76d6\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u9886\u57df<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fed\u4ee3\u7ecf\u5178\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u66f4\u65b0\u73b0\u6709\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u65f6\u6548\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8d28\u91cf\u5b88\u62a4\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u6821\u5bf9\u5ba1\u6838\uff0c\u5171\u5efa\u7cbe\u54c1\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \ud83c\udf1f <\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u60a8<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u96c6\u667a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\uff08\u9700\u5b8c\u6210\u5171\u521b\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u9000\u8d39\u8d44\u683c\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u62e5\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u8fbe\u590d\u6742\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u5f3a\u70c8\u5174\u8da3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5177\u5907\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u4e0e\u6574\u5408\u7d20\u517b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6000\u63e3\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u613f\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5171\u4eab\u8d4b\u80fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \ud83c\udf81 <\/span><\/span>\u60a8\u5c06\u6536\u83b7<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u767e\u79d1\u79ef\u5206\uff08\u652f\u6301\u5151\u6362\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u5468\u8fb9\uff1a\u6587\u5316\u886b\u3001\u590d\u6742\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u5361\u7b49\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u6559\u6388\u4eb2\u81ea\u6307\u5bfc\u5199\u4f5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u79d1\u7814\u52a9\u7406\u664b\u5347\u901a\u9053\uff1a\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\u8005\u53ef\u52a0\u5165\u5f20\u6c5f\u6559\u6388\u79d1\u7814\u56e2\u961f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/section>\n
    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/section>\n

    \u52a0\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u671f\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u5171\u521b\u4efb\u52a1\u5373\u53ef \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fde\u63a5\u4e16\u754c\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    \u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u516d\u5b63<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/section>\n

    \u5728\u9713\u8679\u706f\u7684\u95ea\u70c1\u3001\u8681\u7fa4\u7684\u7cbe\u5bc6\u534f\u4f5c\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u7740\u5fae\u89c2\u4e0e\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e4b\u95f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u8054\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8de8\u8d8a\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u7684\u590d\u6742\u73b0\u8c61\uff1f\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7279\u5f81\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5fae\u89c2\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u53e0\u52a0\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u52a8\u6001\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ece\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\uff08SVD\uff09\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u62bd\u8c61\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u6b63\u9010\u6b65\u6784\u5efa\u8d77\u4e00\u5957\u8de8\u8d8a\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u7801\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u6d8c\u73b0\u5bc6\u7801\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5f20\u6c5f\u8001\u5e08\u9886\u8854\u53d1\u8d77\u300c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b2c\u516d\u5b63\u300d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/a>\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u672c\u8bdd\u9898\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u8bfb\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u79d1\u7814\u7075\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\u5c06\u4ece2025\u5e743\u670816\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u65e5\u65e99:00-11:00\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u9884\u8ba110\u5468\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u6bcf\u5468\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8bb2\u4eba\u7b49\u793e\u533a\u6210\u5458\u5f53\u9762\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u89c6\u9891\u56de\u653e\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8bda\u631a\u9080\u8bf7\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3001\u5bfb\u6c42\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n
    \n


    <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u89c1\uff1a\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7b2c\u516d\u5b63\u2014\u2014\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u56e0\u679c\u62bd\u8c61\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

    1.<\/span><\/strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u529b\u5b66\uff08\u56e0\u679c\u6001\u7406\u8bba\uff09| \u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    2.<\/span><\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\uff5c\u96c6\u667a\u767e\u79d1<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    3.<\/span><\/strong>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6NIS+\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5927\u5316\u6709\u6548\u4fe1\u606f\u8bc6\u522b\u201c\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u201d | NSR<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    4. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u6e38\u620f\u5316\u79d1\u7814\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7a81\u7834\u5185\u5377\u3001\u5171\u7814\u6d8c\u73b0<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
    <\/strong>5. <\/span><\/strong>\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u8ba1\u5212 | \u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e82025\u5185\u5bb9\u56e2\u961f\u62db\u52df\uff08\u5168\u804c&\u517c\u804c\uff09<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n

    6. \u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u667a\uff0c\u73a9\u8f6c\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5171\u521b\u6591\u56fe\uff01\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u7ebf\u4e0b\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u62db\u52df<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    7. <\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u5341\u8bb2\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/a><\/section>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c<\/span>\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u5bfc\u8bed \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6e90\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72ec\u7279\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u534f\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u91cf\u5316\u56e0\u679c\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":61918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61992"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/61918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61992"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=61992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}