{"id":62191,"date":"2025-07-17T18:29:38","date_gmt":"2025-07-17T10:29:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=62191"},"modified":"2025-07-17T18:29:38","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T10:29:38","slug":"%e5%a4%8d%e6%9d%82%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%bb%ba%e6%a8%a1%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8a%a9%e5%8a%9b%e4%be%9b%e5%ba%94%e9%93%be%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%8f%90%e9%ab%98%e9%9f%a7%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=62191","title":{"rendered":"\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u7edc\u5efa\u6a21\u5982\u4f55\u52a9\u529b\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u9ad8\u97e7\u6027\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n

\u6458\u8981<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027\u4ecd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5145\u5206\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u968f\u673a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u5411\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\uff08Network topology\uff09\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58\uff08buffer stocks\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u5e76\u51fa\u73b0\u663e\u8457\u7f3a\u53e3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5e93\u5b58\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7531\u6700\u4f4e\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u5f15\u5165\u5e93\u5b58\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6548\u5e94\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u5c40\u90e8\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\uff1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u5bbd\u800c\u77ed\u201d\u800c\u975e\u201c\u957f\u800c\u7a84\u201d\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u3001\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n
<\/strong><\/strong><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Yannick Feld\u3001Marc Barthelemy\u4e28\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d75\u601d\u6021\u4e28\u8bd1\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5468\u8389\u4e28\u5ba1\u6821<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aCritical Demand in a Stochastic Model of Flows in Supply Networks<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.217401<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/span><\/span>Physical Review Letters<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u5f15\u8a00<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5316\u4e0e\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e92\u8054\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7a81\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u5982 COVID-19 \u75ab\u60c5\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u65ad\u3001\u4fc4\u4e4c\u51b2\u7a81\u5bf9\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u6d41\u901a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u2014\u2014\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u7a81\u53d1\u9700\u6c42\u6fc0\u589e\u65f6\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u8106\u5f31\uff08systemic fragility\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u300aPhysics\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u300aFOCUS\u300b\u680f\u76ee\u6587\u7ae0 <\/span><\/span>\u201cHow to Make Supply Chains More Resilient\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/em>\uff08\u4f5c\u8005 Mark Buchanan\uff09<\/span>\u6240\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u5728\u9700\u6c42\u663e\u8457\u589e\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5141\u8bb8\u50a8\u5b58\u5197\u4f59\u7269\u8d44\u3001\u4e14\u5177\u5907\u591a\u6761\u5197\u4f59\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5065\u3002\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u5370\u8bc1\u4e86\u5b66\u754c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u4ee5\u6548\u7387\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u975e\u7a33\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u51c6\u65f6\u5236\u4ea4\u4ed8\u201d<\/span>\uff08just-in-time delivery\uff09<\/span>\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5e93\u5b58\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u8d85\u51fa\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5cf0\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7cbe\u7b80\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5f80\u5f80\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u4e0e\u7f13\u51b2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5931\u7a33\u751a\u81f3\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u586b\u8865\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a7a\u767d\uff0cBarthelemy \u548c Feld \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u6a21\u578b\uff08stochastic model of material flow\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u5c06<\/span><\/span>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span>\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u7eb3\u5165\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u5f71\u54cd\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ee5\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5e93\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u98ce\u9669\u9632\u63a7\u63d0\u4f9b\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6491\u4e0e\u5177\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u80cc\u666f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u6781\u4e3a\u5173\u952e [1,2,3]\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6750\u6599\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u87ba\u4e1d\u5de5\u5382\u9700\u8981\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u6599\u2014\u2014\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728<\/span><\/span>\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51c6\u65f6\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u4ed8 [4,5]\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6297\u51b2\u51fb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6548\u7387\u548c\u62b5\u5fa1\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4f18\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u52a8\u65b9\u7a0b\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u4f01\u4e1a\u6216\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u8fde\u7ebf\u4ee3\u8868\u4ea7\u54c1\u6d41\u52a8 [1,2]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u5206\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6548\u7387 [1,2,6]\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u5f88\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u6df1\u5165\u63ed\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u6270\u52a8\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u5c0f\u5e45\u5ef6\u8bef [7] \u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u5371\u673a [8] \u4e0d\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u5426\u5438\u6536\u6270\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u8fde\u9501\u6545\u969c<\/span><\/span><\/strong> [9,10]\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b [11,12] \u5f80\u5f80\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u97e7\u6027\u539f\u5219\uff0cMoran \u7b49\u4eba [13] \u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u6001\u62d3\u6251\u4e0b\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8d85\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e00\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5feb\u901f\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u672a\u7eb3\u5165\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5e93\u5b58\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u9500\u552e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u672c\u6a21\u578b\u91cd\u70b9\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u968f\u673a\u4f9b\u5e94\u6ce2\u52a8\uff08stochastic supply fluctuations\uff09\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7f13\u51b2\u5e93\u5b58\u5982\u4f55\u5de6\u53f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u805a\u7126\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\ud835\udc5f<\/span><\/span>*<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u65e6\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5e93\u5b58\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6548\u5e94\u201d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u5f15\u5165\u201c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6548\u5e94\u201d\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u6539\u53d8\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\ud835\udc5f<\/span><\/span>*<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e34\u754c\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6784\u5efa\u97e7\u6027\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff1a\u7269\u6599\u6d41\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>\u6709\u5411\u65e0\u73af\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Directed Acyclic Network\uff09 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>[14\u201317]\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u8282\u70b9\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7956\u5148<\/span>\uff08\u8be6\u89c1[20]\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u56de\u6536\u3001\u7ffb\u65b0\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u53cd\u9988\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b [18,19]\u3002\u6574\u4e2a<\/span><\/span>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542bN<\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u4f01\u4e1a\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9i<\/span><\/span>\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u201d<\/span><\/span>P<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u201d<\/span><\/span>C<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff08\u5373\u5176\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u8be5\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ec5\u7531\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4f01\u4e1a<\/span><\/span>i=0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u751f\u4ea7\u5e76\u9500\u552e\u7ed9\u5916\u90e8\u5ba2\u6237\u3002\u8be5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u3002\u5b83\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u6765\u81ea\u6700\u7ec8\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65t<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7531\u524d\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u672a\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>u(t\u22121)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42r<\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bber<\/span><\/span>\u662f\u6052\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u4f01\u4e1ai<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u8868\u793a\u5176\u9700\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u603b\u91cf\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6b64\u5904\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u6b21\u9700\u6c42\u201c1\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4ece\u5b50\u8282\u70b9A<\/span><\/span>\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e09\u5428\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u4ece\u5b50\u8282\u70b9B<\/span><\/span>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5341\u514b\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u6bcf\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1ai<\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9l<\/span><\/span>\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u4e0a\u9650\u4e3as<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u6240\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1ai<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c06\u5411\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u8ffd\u52a0\u8ba2\u8d2d\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u9a71\u52a8\u7740\u9700\u6c42\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u9664\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u975e\u6839\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>i>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7531\u5176\u6240\u6709\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u603b\u548c\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u9650\u5236\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5458\u5de5\u75c5\u5047\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u7ef4\u62a4\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65t<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6700\u5927\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u5f53\u671f\u53ef\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ea7\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u6240\u6709<\/span><\/span>m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u670d\u4ece\u533a\u95f4[0,1]\u4e0a\u7684\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u91cd\u65b0\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u9000\u706b\u201d <\/span>(annealed) <\/span>\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)=min\u2061[m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t),D<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u8d85\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4ea7\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u591a\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u91cf\u8fd8\u53d7\u5230\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u62ec\u6765\u81ea\u5b50\u8282\u70b9l<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u4ea4\u4ed8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u6bcf\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728t<\/span><\/span>\u65f6\u523b\u80fd\u591f\u4f9b\u5e94\u7ed9\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u603b\u91cf\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea7\u91cf<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4ea7\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5404\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u914d\u6309\u5404\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u5176\u603b\u9700\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5360\u6bd4\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9i<\/span><\/span>\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u672a\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e93\u5b58\u4e3as<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u672a\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span>u(t)=D<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub>(t)\u2212I<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u65e0\u73af\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed9\u5404\u8282\u70b9\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728[20]\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56fe 1 \u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4ea4\u4e92\u673a\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u5176\u4e34\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5373\u627e\u51fa<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r = r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u503c\uff0c\u672a\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42u<\/span><\/span>\u4f1a\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f<\/span>\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8be6\u89c1[20]\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u589e\u957f\u8868\u660e\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5916\u90e8\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u968f<\/span><\/span>\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u56fe1\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u673a\u5236\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08a\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u793a\u4f8b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span> i = 0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span> i = 1 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span> i = 2<\/span><\/span><\/span> \uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e86\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u653e\u5927\u56fe\uff0c\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u7236\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>j<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c\u5b50\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>l<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ea7\u91cf<\/span><\/span>I<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u7531\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u968f\u673a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span>m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u3001\u6765\u81ea\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4ea4\u4ed8\u91cf<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u65e0\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5728\u65e0\u5e93\u5b58\uff08\u5373<\/span><\/span>s = 0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u6781\u9650\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7814\u7a76\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>ij<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e3a0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bb0<\/span><\/span>C<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9i<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u540e\u4ee3<\/span>\uff08descendants\uff09<\/span>\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u9664\u4e86\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5916\u5747\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e14\u82e5l<\/span><\/span>\u662fi<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219<\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/sub>(t) = I<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>(t)<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea7\u91cf\u516c\u5f0f\uff08\u89c1\u524d\u6587\u516c\u5f0f\uff084\uff09\uff09\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>\uff08one-dimensional structure\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9i<\/span><\/span>\u6070\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>l = i + 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u6c42\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u4e2d\u7684<\/span><\/span>D<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u524d\u6587\u516c\u5f0f4\u30017\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8282\u70b9i<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4ea7\u91cf \u3008l<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub>\u3009<\/span><\/span>\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>N – i<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u7684 [0,1] \u533a\u95f4\u5747\u5300\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u7684\u671f\u671b\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u503c\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e2d\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u67d0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u4ec5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u8ddd\u79bb\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u663e\u7136\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>i = 0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6811\u72b6\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u8282\u70b9[20]\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6dec\u706b\u60c5\u5f62<\/span>\uff08quenched case\uff09<\/span>\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709<\/span><\/span>m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u7531\u5982\u4e0b\u968f\u673a\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u751f\u4ea7\u74f6\u9888\u7531\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>m<\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u975e\u96f6\u5e93\u5b58<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u975e\u96f6\uff08<\/span><\/span>s > 0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u6790\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c[20]\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u7814\u7a76\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a [21]\u3002\u4e3a\u8003\u5bdf\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cfs<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cfN<\/span><\/span>\u4e0b\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u5728\u56fa\u5b9as<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff09\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7956\u5148\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u4ea7\u91cf\u4ec5\u4e0e\u5176\u8ddd\u79bb\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u7684N<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u62df\u5408\u5982\u4e0b\u5e42\u5f8b\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08power law\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548cc<\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u62df\u5408\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cfs<\/span><\/span>\u3002\u56fe 2 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c0f\u6709\u9650\u89c4\u6a21\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/span>N<\/span>\u2265400<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
\u56fe2\uff1a \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf<\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5355\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u51cf\u53bb\u5e38\u6570<\/span><\/span>c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u540e\uff09\u968f\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf<\/span><\/span>N<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6570\u503c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u7ebf\u4e3a\u5bf9\u516c\u5f0f (11) \u7684\u62df\u5408\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u865a\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u5e93\u5b58\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u503c\uff08\u5373\u516c\u5f0f (9)\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5c0f\u56fe\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u793a\u672c\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u5355\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u62df\u5408\u6240\u5f97\u6307\u6570\u03b2\u968f<\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6240\u6709\u62df\u5408\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u7cfb\u6570<\/span><\/span>R<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u5747\u5927\u4e8e 0.998\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u62df\u5408\u8d28\u91cf\u826f\u597d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

\u4e0e\u65e0\u5e93\u5b58\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf<\/span>N<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5f53<\/span><\/span>N = 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6<\/span><\/span>r* = 1\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u5f53N<\/span><\/span>\u589e\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cfs<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e93\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u51b2\u4f9b\u7ed9\u6ce2\u52a8<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u7f13\u51b2<\/span><\/span>k<\/span><\/span>il<\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5e42\u5f8b\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u524d\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd8\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6307\u6570\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6548\u5e94\u5728\u957f\u94fe\u5f0f\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5f15\u5165\u5e93\u5b58\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53<\/span><\/span>s<\/span>\u21920<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6062\u590d\u65e0\u5e93\u5b58\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u7ed3\u679c[20]\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u21921<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span>c<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684<\/span><\/span>s<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u671f<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span>\u2192<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u5269\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab\u50a8\u5b58\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u70b9\u5e73\u5747\u4ea7\u91cf\u8d8b\u4e8e1\/2\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\u5e93\u5b58\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u4ea7\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u94fe\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u7ed3\u679c\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba[20]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u60c5\u5f62<\/span>\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u67d0\u8282\u70b9\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4ea7\u51fa\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u805a\u7126\u5728\u5e93\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>s=1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u5f00\u653e\u4e0e\u5c01\u95ed\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6709<\/span><\/span>z<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u6761\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u94fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9j<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4ece\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u77ed\u8def\u5f84\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>h = 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c<\/span><\/span>z<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u9ad8\u5ea6h<\/span><\/span>\u4e0b\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5148\u524d\u7684\u5e42\u5f8b\u62df\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/span>\uff08\u516c\u5f0f (11)\uff09<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u62df\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u8be6\u7ec6\u89c1[20]\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u94fe\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408\u76f4\u89c9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u94fe\u610f\u5473\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c01\u95ed\u94fe\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5047\u8bbe\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94fe\u6700\u7ec8\u6c47\u805a\u81f3\u67d0\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u518d\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u6761\u65b0\u94fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u8282\u70b9<\/span><\/span>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5230\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546<\/span><\/span>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u7531\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u9700\u5206\u914d\u7ed9<\/span><\/span>z<\/span><\/span>0<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u4e2a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u4ea7\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u9650\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u03b8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8282\u70b9\u4ea7\u80fd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4efd\u989d\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u89c4\u5219\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8f6c\u5411\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span>\u89c4\u5219\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5411\u4e0b\u5206\u51faz<\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6811\u7684\u6700\u5927\u9ad8\u5ea6h<\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u503c\u6a21\u62df\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u88ab\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n

\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/span>\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548cc\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570z<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u62df\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5f53<\/span><\/span>z = 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u5f0f\u81ea\u7136\u9000\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>\uff08\u89c1\u516c\u5f0f (11)\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u68c0\u9a8c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ed8\u5236\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u6362\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"image.png\"<\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u5bf9\u6bd4h<\/span><\/span>\u5e94\u5f53\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf<\/span><\/span>y = x<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u56fe 3 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e0d\u540cz<\/span><\/span>\u548ch<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6210\u529f\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u62df\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u62df\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u8be6\u89c1[20]\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    \u968f\u7740\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570z<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6307\u6570<\/span><\/span>\u03b2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u4ea7\u80fd\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5e38\u6570\u9879c<\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf<\/span><\/span>N<\/span>\u2192\u221e<\/span><\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u6811\u8d8b\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>s = 1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u6811\u7684<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u4e00\u7ef4\u94fe\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u968fz<\/span><\/span>\u6307\u6570\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8be5\u7ed3\u8bba\u8f83\u96be\u5728\u5927z<\/span><\/span>\u4e0b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/section>\n

    \u56fe3\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u516c\u5f0f (12) \u62df\u5408\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6b63\u5219\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u7531\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570z<\/span><\/span>\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6h<\/span><\/span>\u5b9a\u4e49\uff09\u4e0b\u6570\u503c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u754c\u9700\u6c42\u901f\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/strong>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u574d\u7f29\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6240\u6709\u62df\u5408\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u7cfb\u6570<\/span><\/span>R<\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u5747\u5927\u4e8e 0.999\u3002\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u89c9\u8f85\u52a9\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u660e\u672c\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\u4e3a\u5b8c\u6574\u8d77\u89c1\u5c55\u793a\u4e86<\/span><\/span>r*<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u968fh<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/h2>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \n
    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
    \n

    \u968f\u673a\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8003\u5bdf\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u68f5\u89c4\u5219\u6811\u4e0e\u4e00\u68f5\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6811\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u5177\u6709N<\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6811\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9<\/span>\uff08\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a 1\uff09<\/span>\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u96c6\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u5982<\/span><\/span>{1, 2, 3}<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u4e00\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u8fdb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u603b\u6570N<\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6070\u597d\u6709N<\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u6807\u6765\u91cf\u5316\u968f\u673a\u6027\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/section>\n