{"id":63549,"date":"2025-08-17T19:45:25","date_gmt":"2025-08-17T11:45:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=63549"},"modified":"2025-08-17T19:45:25","modified_gmt":"2025-08-17T11:45:25","slug":"%e5%8d%8f%e8%b0%83%e5%ae%a2%e8%a7%82%e5%9d%8d%e7%bc%a9%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e8%af%81%e8%af%81%e6%8d%ae%ef%bc%9a%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e6%ba%90%e4%ba%8e%e7%bb%86%e8%83%9e%e5%86%85%e5%be%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=63549","title":{"rendered":"\u534f\u8c03\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a\u610f\u8bc6\u6e90\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u5fae\u7ba1\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>1 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ebb\u9189<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5242\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7279\u6027\u6697\u793a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5171\u540c\u7684\u201c\u5355\u4e00\u201d\u5206\u5b50\u9776\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>(a) <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5438\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>Meyer\u2013Overton<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u6548\u5242\u91cf\uff08\u5782\u76f4\u8f74\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u7531<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a44\u6984\u6cb9\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff08\u6c34\u5e73\u8f74\uff09\u9884<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6d4b\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u4eb2\u8102\u6027\u9776\u70b9\u5904\u7684\u5f31\u7269\u7406\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u201c\u9501<\/span><\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u94a5\u201d\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>(b) <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u6548\u5242\u91cf\u53ef\u52a0\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5408\u7528\u5404\u81ea<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u534a\u6709\u6548\u5242\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u4e24\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ebb\u9189\u5242<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea7\u751f\u5168\u5242\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u5177\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u5f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5426\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5438\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u9776\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u9776\u70b9\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u540c\u6837\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Eger, 2008<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8e\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5047\u5b9a\u9ebb\u9189\u7531\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9776\u70b9\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u4ecb\u5bfc<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Hemmings, 2019; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Mashour<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2024<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca <\/span><\/span><\/span>Meyer\u2013Overton <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u672a\u6392\u9664\u5fae\u7ba1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5438\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u4e3b\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ecb\u5bfc\u5206\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u9ebb\u9189\u5242<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0e\u5fae\u7ba1\u7ed3\u5408<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Pan<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2008<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u6539\u53d8<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Futterer<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2004<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Kalenka<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2007<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u84bd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>anthracene<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7c7b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e14<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u9006\u5730<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f7f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u874c\u86aa<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9547\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Emerson<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2013<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5fae\u7ba1\u7a33\u5b9a\u5316\u7597\u7684\u5916\u79d1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u96be\u4ee5\u7a7f\u900f\u5165\u8111\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1\u7ed3\u5408\u836f\u7269\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u5bf9\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u5b58\u5728\u8f7b\u5fae\u6297\u6027<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Linganna<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2015<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6ce8\u5c04<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u7a7f\u900f\u8111\u90e8\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\u7ed3\u5408\u836f\u7269\u7684\u5927\u9f20\u5728\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u5f02\u6c1f\u70f7\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u8fdb\u5165\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4\u663e\u8457\u5ef6\u957f<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Khan<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2024<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5f02\u6c1f\u70f7\u81f3\u5c11\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u5fae\u7ba1\u5f15\u53d1\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u5b66\u5efa\u6a21\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u51e0\u79cd\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4e0e\u5fae\u7ba1\u7ec4\u6210\u5355\u5143<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1\u86cb\u767d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>tubulin<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5185<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u975e\u5b9a\u57df\u7535\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u9884\u6d4b<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Craddock<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>et al.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2015<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2017<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u663e\u793a\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u9ebb\u9189\u4ecb\u5bfc\u5206\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f97\u51fa<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8d28\u4e0a\u590d\u523b <\/span><\/span><\/span>Meyer\u2013Overton <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u4ed6\u5019\u9009\u5206\u5b50\u9776\u70b9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fae\u7ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4ecb\u5bfc\u5438\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u5f15\u53d1\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5b50\u9776\u70b9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9776\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u4ecb\u5bfc<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6539\u53d8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f53\u4ee3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u610f\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Dehaene<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>1998<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Sergent<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>&<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Dehaene<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2004<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Tsuchiya<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2015<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Tononi<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2016<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Mashour<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2020<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Albantakis<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2023<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u8d28\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u88ab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89c6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7fa4\u4f53\u819c\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ebb\u9189\u4e0b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u52a8\u4f5c\u7535\u4f4d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6d3b\u52a8\u6709\u6240\u51cf\u5c11<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Garcia<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2010<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8111\u533a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u529f\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8111\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u964d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u672c\u8eab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Hemmings<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2019<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Mashour<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2024<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5fae\u7ba1\u6270\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u9014\u5f84\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f71\u54cd\u7a81\u89e6\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7531\u4e8e\u5fae\u7ba1\u6784\u6210\u795e\u7ecf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7a81\u89e6\u86cb\u767d\u4e0e\u9012\u8d28<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u80de\u5185\u8fd0\u8f93\u7684\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u5fae\u7ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u7a81\u89e6\u4f20\u9012\u95f4\u63a5\u964d\u4f4e\u653e\u7535\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5f02\u6c1f\u70f7\u786e\u5b9e\u6291\u5236\u7a81\u89e6\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u673a\u5236\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5fae\u7ba1<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Herring<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2009<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Zimin<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u76ee\u524d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5fae\u7ba1\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>MTs\uff09\u662f\u9002\u4e8e\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u819c\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53cc\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea4\u6362<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6574\u5408\u5668<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u4e8e\u662f\u8003\u8651<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5047\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u7834\u574f\u6784\u6210\u610f\u8bc6\u76f4\u63a5\u57fa\u8d28\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u5fae\u7ba1\u95f4\u5fae\u5999\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5f15\u53d1\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u76f8\u5e72\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u6613\u53d7\u76f8\u5bf9\u5fae\u5f31\u7ed3\u5408\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6270\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u9ebb\u9189\u6548\u5e94<\/span>\uff08\u5728\u4e2d\u7b49\u5242\u91cf\u4e0b\uff09<\/span>\u7279\u5f02\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u610f\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4f17\u591a\u9776\u70b9\u53d1\u751f\u975e\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7ed3\u5408\u5bfc\u81f4\u9776\u86cb\u767d\u5185\u91cf\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5316\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u534f\u8c03\u4e14\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u534f\u8c03\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u65e0\u6b64\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u91cf\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u975e\u76f8\u5e72\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u54c8\u6885\u7f57\u592b<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Stuart <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hameroff<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f6d\u7f57\u65af<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Roger Penrose<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>1<\/span><\/span><\/span>996<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e74<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u534f\u8c03\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\uff08<\/span><\/span>Orchestrated Objective Reduction, <\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u5b9a\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u5fae\u7ba1\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec6\u80de\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u80de\u5185<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u54cd\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u4ecb\u8d28<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5fae\u7ba1\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u53ef\u6574\u5408\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8c03\u63a7\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u7535\u4f4d\u53ca\u653e\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5176\u8fdb\u5316\u5408\u7406\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u5fae\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u52a8\u7269\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4e0e\u6574\u5408\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ca\u534f\u8c03\u8fd0\u52a8\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>A<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1a\u8f74\u7a81\u672b\u68a2\u901a\u8fc7\u7a81\u89e6\u91ca\u653e\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7a81\u89e6\u540e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6811\u7a81\u68d8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>B<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\u86cb\u767d\u6539\u53d8\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u6d3b\u4f53\u8111\u5185<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec6\u80de<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u80fd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u652f\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u5b8f\u89c2\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>Tegmark <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u66fe\u4f30\u7b97\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u9ad8\u6e29\u6f6e\u6e7f\u73af\u5883\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cf\u5b50\u9000\u76f8\u5e72\u6781\u5feb<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>10<\/span><\/span>-13<\/span><\/span><\/sup>\u79d2\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u91cf\u5b50\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Tegmark<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2000<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5047\u8bbe\u57fa\u4e8e\u70ed\u5e73\u8861\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u5fae\u7ba1\u86cb\u767d\u95f4\u8ddd\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u6001\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u968f\u540e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6d3b\u4f53\u8111\u5185\u5fae\u7ba1\u5728\u4ee3\u8c22\u80fd\u91cf\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u673a\u5236\u7ef4\u6301\u5b8f\u89c2\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5df2\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5fae\u7ba1\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u91cf\u5b50\u8d85\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u805a\u5408\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8d8a\u5927\u6548\u5e94\u8d8a\u5f3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Babcock, 2024<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u523a\u6fc0\u57f9\u517b\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\u5171\u632f<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>MT resonance<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5fae\u7ba1\u5171\u632f\u6001\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u63a7\u5236\u819c\u7535\u4f4d<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Saxena, 2020; Singh, 2021a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u5730\u652f\u6301\u91cf\u5b50\u5fae\u7ba1\u610f\u8bc6\u5047\u8bf4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5fae\u7ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5149\u5b66\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u53ef\u88ab\u5438\u5165\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u6291\u5236<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Kalra, 2023<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u9ebb\u9189\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4eba\u8111<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0e\u6f5c\u5728\u4f18\u52bf<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd1\u671f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>Kerskens<\/span><\/span><\/span> & P\u00e9rez<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>2022<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u53ca <\/span><\/span><\/span>P\u00e9rez <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b49<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>2023<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u5c06\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u91cf\u5b50\u7ea0\u7f20\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>MRI<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u626b\u63cf\u4eea\u5185\u6e05\u9192\u4eba\u7c7b\u88ab\u8bd5\u7684\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8868\u73b0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6709\u529b\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u89c4<\/span><\/span><\/span>MRI<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5206\u79bb\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u808c\u7535\u56fe\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5fc3\u8df3\u8bf1\u53d1\u7535\u4f4d\u6ce2\u5f62\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>MRI<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6697\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u88ab<\/span><\/span><\/span> MRI <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u6838\u81ea\u65cb\u76f8\u8026\u5408\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u65cb\u7ea0\u7f20\u4fe1\u53f7\u4fdd\u771f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8868\u73b0<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>P\u00e9rez, 2023<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u53ca\u7761\u7720\u4e0e\u6e05\u9192\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5426\u76f8\u5173<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Kerskens<\/span><\/span><\/span> & P\u00e9rez<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2022<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u8111\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b49<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>Kerskens<\/span><\/span><\/span> & P\u00e9rez<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d7\u5230\u8d28\u7591<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Warren<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2023<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u8d28\u7591\u8005\u672a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u80fd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u524d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5173<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6838\u81ea\u65cb\u5728\u9ebb\u9189\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Li, 2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5\u5047\u8bbe\u9ebb\u9189\u901a\u8fc7\u53d7\u4f53\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5b66<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u7535\u5b50\uff09<\/span>\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5219<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f46\u82e5\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Hameroff<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u7406\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u903b\u8f91<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u9664\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u8bc1\u636e\u5916\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u636e\u4ea6\u8868\u660e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7684<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Wang, 2014; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Pothos<\/span><\/span><\/span> & <\/span><\/span><\/span>Busemeyer<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2022<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6982\u7387\u7406\u8bba\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6982\u7387\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea7\u751f\u4ece\u7ecf\u5178\u89c6\u89d2\u770b\u6b21\u4f18\u4e14\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/span>\uff08\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u5224\u65ad\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u884c\u4e3a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u50cf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u5e38\u9700<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7279\u8bbe<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u591a\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Gigerenzer<\/span><\/span><\/span> & <\/span><\/span><\/span>Selten<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2001; Lewis, <\/span><\/span><\/span>2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5408\u53d6\u8c2c\u8bef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4eba\u4eec\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>Linda<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u94f6\u884c\u51fa\u7eb3\u5458\u7684\u6982\u7387\u9ad8\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>Linda<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u94f6\u884c\u51fa<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7eb3\u5458\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdd\u53cd\u201c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u539f\u5219\u201d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5982\u4eba\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\u6216\u589e\u957f\u65f6\u613f\u610f\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u65f6\u62d2\u7edd\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba4\u77e5\u6846\u67b6\u8fd8\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u65b0\u9896\u4e14\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u575a\u5b9e\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898\u987a\u5e8f\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u6210\u5bf9\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u987a\u5e8f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7b54\u6848<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Wang, 2014; <\/span><\/span><\/span>Pothos<\/span><\/span><\/span> & <\/span><\/span><\/span>Busemeyer<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2022<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>unity <\/span><\/span><\/span>of conscious states<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>unity of a quantum brain state<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u4e5f\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u8111\u72b6\u6001<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>conscious brain states<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5ba2\u89c2\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8111\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u91cf\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4f18\u52bf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5305\u62ec\u91cf\u5b50\u8054\u60f3\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u5185\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f18\u52bf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u540c\u65f6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u76ae\u5c42\u4e0a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u91cf\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u79ef\u5206\u6f14\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u6700\u4f18\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u89c6\u89c9\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u624b\u81c2\u8fd0\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u90fd\u662f\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>Friston<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u5df2\u4e3a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u79ef\u5206\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u901a\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u65ad<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Pezzulo,2024<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
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\u63a8\u8350<\/span><\/span>Fr<\/span><\/span><\/span>iston<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u751f\u7269\uff1f\u672c\u6b21\u62a5\u544a\u5c06\u8fd0\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u89e3\u51b3\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Physicalism<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Panpsychism<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u548c\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u96be<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u96be<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b66\u8bf4\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5747<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4efb\u4f55<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u8bc1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5747\u7531\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u5b9e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6784\u6210<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>1997<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6307\u7531<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5df2\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63f4\u5f15<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5305\u62ec\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u7535\u8377\u3001\u65f6\u7a7a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5373\u5fae\u89c2\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u591a\u6c41\u3001\u5757\u72b6\u3001\u957f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9888\u9e7f\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9ad8\u9636\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e5f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>1997<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6307<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u7406\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u663e\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u80fd\u7b49\u540c\u6216\u8574\u542b\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span>\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba\u6307\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u5728\u7686\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6e17\u900f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u73b0\u8c61\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u672c\u8eab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u5177\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u6f5c\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728\u9002\u5f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f97\u5177<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u4fbf\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u539f\u610f\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08proto-consciousness\uff09<\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2013<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u7eb3\u5165\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9700\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b64\u5904\u57fa\u7840\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5c06\u662f\u5fc3\u7269\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u73b0\u8c61<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u539f\u73b0\u8c61\uff09<\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u4f9d\u5b58\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u968f\u9644\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9a8c\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>1997<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
Orch OR \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u5fae\u7ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u89c6\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0e\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u5f62\u6210\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u5176\u5c06\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span>Objective Reduction, <\/span><\/span><\/span>OR<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5373\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u7269\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u5927\u8111\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u534f\u8c03<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u590d\u6742\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u77ac\u95f4\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b8f\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba\u5185\u8574\u7684\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\u6d88\u9664\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4ec5\u7559\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8bc1\u786e\u5b9a\u5fc3\u7269\u6865\u63a5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cd5\u5219<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>psychophysical bridging laws<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u7684\u8f83\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u610f\u8bc6\u201c\u96be\u9898\u201d\u7684\u9014\u5f84<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u6784\u6210\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u539f\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5982\u67e5\u9ed8\u65af\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u539f\u73b0\u8c61\u6027\u8d28<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>protophenomenal<\/span><\/span><\/span> properties<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7ec4\u5408\u53ef\u4ea7\u751f\u5b8f\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u91cf\u5b50\u5c42\u9762\u4e0e\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5173\u8054\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u89e3\u51b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\uff1a\u539f\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u5408\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5b8f\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>macrophenomenal properties<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2017<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u539f\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u6307\u5148\u524d\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u72ec\u81ea\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5b8f\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u6307\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u590d\u6742\u610f\u8bc6\u77ac\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba\u4e0e\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u5176\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5fae\u89c2\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e0e\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea7\u751f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7279\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b49<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2017<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u89c2\u70b9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u9690\u55bb\u9610\u660e\u3002\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c55\u793a\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1a\u5fae\u89c2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u77ed\u6a2a\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u6784\u6210\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7b49\u5fae\u89c2\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u989c\u8272\u8868\u793a\u5176\u610f\u8bc6\u6216\u539f\u610f\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1f\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8868\u660e\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u4e25\u5cfb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e76<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65e0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u4ece<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56fe\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u5f69\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f62\u6210<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53c2\u8003<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u67e5\u9ed8\u65af\u6240\u79f0\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6574\u4f53\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>Chalmers<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>2017<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u51fa<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e <\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>quantum <\/span><\/span><\/span>panprotopsychist<\/span><\/span><\/span> theory<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89e3\u51b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7cbe\u795e\u5c5e\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ece\u672a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u975e\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u679c\u6027\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6070\u597d\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8111\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u65e2\u5177\u6709\u7535\u538b\u7b49\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u6307\u8be5\u8111\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7279\u522b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u989c\u8272\u548c\u60c5\u7eea\u7b49\u8111\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u7279\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>qualia<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>3 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89e3\u51b3\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898\u4e0e\u7ec4\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/span>\/<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
(a) <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u7269\u7406\u4e3b\u4e49\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u610f\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7070\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u4e14\u65e0\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea6\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u4f5c\u7528\uff08\u7531<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u865a\u7ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a\uff09\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7070\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
(b) <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u84dd\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u4f46\u65e0\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53\uff08\u5206\u79bb\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u77ed\u6a2a\u7ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
(c) <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6cdb\u5fc3\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u542b\u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u7ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u77ac\u95f4\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u84dd\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span> \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5782\u76f4\u9ec4\u7ebf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u6811\u7a81\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>MTs<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08unity problem\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5931\u914d\u95ee\u9898<\/span>\uff08mismatch problem\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u4e3b\u4f53\u5206\u79bb<\/span>\uff08separate subjects problem\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240\u6709\u9762\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6e90\u81ea<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u67e5\u9ed8\u65af\u6240\u79f0\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u4ea7\u751f\u7edf\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>unity of consciousness<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6307\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u610f\u8bc6\u77ac\u95f4\u7686\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u6709\u5355\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u591a\u91cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u6982\u5ff5<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u3001\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u4eba\u7269\u4e0e\u7269\u4f53\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6b64\u5904<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6307\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f3c\u73b0\u65f6\u523b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>specious present<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8de8\u8d8a\u6570\u5206\u949f\u6216\u6570\u5e74\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u8868\u89c2\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u4e0e\u975e\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6700<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee4\u4eba\u5fe7\u8651\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240\u8c13\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u6784\u5931\u914d\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>structural <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>mismatch problem<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8111\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u7ec6\u8282<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u660e\u663e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7f3a\u4e4f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5373\u5931\u914d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b64\u5916<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u4f4d\u70b9\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e5f\u6709\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c\u6216\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b63\u5e38<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u574d\u7f29\u4f1a\u7834\u574f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5\u5b87\u5b99<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7531\u5355\u4e2a\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u90a3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>subject<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u8d28\u5e94\u80fd\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6216\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ea0\u7f20\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u662f\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u662f\u771f\u5b9e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u800c\u5f3a\u5236<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u5177\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u540e\u679c\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u6027\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u53d8\u6362\u6216\u7406\u8bba\u91cd\u6784\u6d88\u9664\u8be5\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea7\u751f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e86\u5176\u6700<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u795e\u5947<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6216\u8bb8\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u5173\u8054\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u7ea0\u7f20\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c92\u5b50\u88ab\u72ec\u7acb\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5728\u8fdc\u5904\u6d4b\u91cf\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e7d\u7075\u822c\u7684\u8d85\u8ddd\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u53ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5178\u7269\u7406\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u534f\u4f5c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d85\u5bfc\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u7535\u5b50\u534f\u8c03\u7a7f\u8fc7\u8d85\u5bfc\u6750\u6599\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u5f62\u6210\u96f6\u7535\u963b\u7535\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5e7d\u7075\u7a7f\u5899\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u5178<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span>\u56fe4 <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e7d\u7075\u822c\u7684\u8d85\u8ddd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u901f\u5ea6\u7adf\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8fc7\u5149\u901f\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5e7d\u7075\u822c\u7684\u8d85\u8ddd\u4f5c\u7528\u300d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u7eb3\u5165\u795e\u7ecf\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u73b0\u8c61\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7269\u4f53\u989c\u8272\u7531\u67d0\u4e9b\u8111\u533a\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8868\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u7ea2\u8272\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5f62\u72b6\u7531\u53e6\u4e9b\u8111\u533a\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u8868\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u7c7b\u5706\u5f62\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u540c\u65f6\u7ec4\u5408<\/span>\uff08\u7ea2<\/span><\/span><\/span>–<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5706\u5f62\u82f9\u679c\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u4e92\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u8be5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u975e\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u65e0\u6cd5\u56e0\u679c\u5f71\u54cd\u6216\u88ab\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u800c\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u56e0\u679c\u5c5e\u6027\u7b49\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u5177\u6709\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u5931\u914d\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6216\u5177\u73b0\u5316\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e14<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u5730<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53cd\u6620\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u8eab\u7edf\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u7edf\u4e00\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4fbf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u5c06\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7269\u8d28\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u673a\u5fc3\u7269\u6865\u63a5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cd5\u5219<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u660e\u786e\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u5047\u8bf4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9884\u6d4b\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5339\u914d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9700\u5728\u5fae\u7ba1\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u632f\u52a8\u6001\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u77ac\u606f\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfb\u6c42\u5bf9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8be5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5408\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53cd\u6620\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9499\u79bb\u5b50\u6d41<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u540c\u65f6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8c03\u63a7\u5fae\u7ba1\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u8054\u86cb\u767d\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ece\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5fae\u7ba1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c\u611f\u77e5\u201d\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7fa4\u4f53\u95f4\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u7a7a\u5206\u5e03\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5931\u914d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5141\u8bb8\u7ea0\u7f20\u5fae\u89c2\u6001\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u51b3\u7b56<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u77ac\u95f4\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6001\uff0c\u56ca\u62ec\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8868\u5f81\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\uff08\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8be5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u610f\u8bc6<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\uff09<\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6d8c\u73b0\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f53\u9a8c\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u7531\u53c2\u4e0e\u5355\u4e2a\u96c6\u4f53\u7ea0\u7f20\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u7684\u7269\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u652f\u6491<\/span>\uff08\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u56fe\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8111\u5206\u5b50\u88ab\u6070\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u5408\u9002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06\u6d8c\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u6b64\u65f6\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5355\u4e2a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u88ab\u201c\u7f16\u6392\u201d\u4ee5\u878d\u5408\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u91cf\u5b50\u76f8\u5e72\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7c92\u5b50\u6216\u591a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u76f8\u5e72\u6216\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001\u5747\u5177\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u6574\u4f53\u8bba\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u975e\u5c40\u57df\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u574d\u7f29\u524d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7269\u7406\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u76f4\u81f3\u574d\u7f29\u77ac\u95f4\u624d\u88ab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6b64<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e4b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u524d\u91cf\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5982\u7ecf\u5178\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b8c\u5168<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c40\u57df<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u6c42<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u8bc6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7b49\u540c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u574d\u7f29\u800c\u975e\u4efb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b58\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u6f5c\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u73b0\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u7269\u7406\u540e\u679c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u574d\u7f29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u660e\u786e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6293\u624b\u6216<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6865\u6881<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u672c\u8d28\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u5173\u8054\u81f3\u7269\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u91cf\u5b50\u574d\u7f29\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u884c\u4e3a\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65b9\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u8054\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9014\u5f84<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u4e3b\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u610f\u8bc6\u77ac\u95f4\u7b49\u540c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7f16\u6392\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cd\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d\u53c2\u4e0e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5747\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u4f53\u7ea0\u7f20<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f46<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u5b9e\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u534f\u8c03<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>orchestrate\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u65e0\u5173<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5f71\u54cd\u91cf\u5b50\u632f\u5e45<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u8def\u5f84\u79ef\u5206\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u62b5\u6d88\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5927\u8111\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e73\u6291<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d\u4e86\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ece\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f7c\u6b64\u5206\u79bb\u4e14\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5927\u8111\u5fae\u7ba1\u72b6\u6001\u7684 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u73b0\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e14<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8574\u542b\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u77ac\u95f4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u786e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5206\u79bb\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u201c\u51b3\u7b56\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u9700<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u662f\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u9664\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ea0\u7f20\u3002\u574d\u7f29\u524d\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u5305\u542b\u591a\u91cd\u201c\u7ecf\u5178\u201d\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f46<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u662f\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u90e8\u76f8\u5e72\u4e0e\u7ea0\u7f20\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u5b8f\u89c2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u672c\u5f81\u6001\u800c\u88ab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u672c\u5f81\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u603b\u53ef\u4ee5\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u57fa\u5e95\u8868\u8ff0\u65f6\u4ecd\u4e3a\u53e0\u52a0\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e94\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u3001\u76f8\u5e72\u4e0e\u672c\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6d88\u9664\u6240\u6709\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u201d\u77ac\u95f4\u7684\u65b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u5728\u574d\u7f29\u4e2d\u88ab\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6784\u6210<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u7ea0\u7f20\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21\u574d\u7f29\u524d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53d1\u751f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u786e\u5b9a\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c40\u57df\u6f14\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u53e6\u4e00<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9700\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u6d4b\u91cf\u201d\u6216\u79d1\u5b66\u201c\u89c2\u6d4b\u201d\u5747\u4e3a\u91cf\u5b50\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>Orch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6ca1\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u7531\u5047\u8bbe\u8111\u7535\u56fe\u6d4b\u91cf\u5934\u76ae\u7535\u4f4d\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf<\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>fMRI<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u68c0\u6d4b\u8840\u6d41\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u610f\u8bc6\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9884\u6d4b\u4e3b\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u878d\u5408\u4e0e\u5206\u88c2<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u88c2\u8111\u60a3\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u89c4\u8303\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>\uff08\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5178\u578b\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f46<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u574d\u7f29\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f80\u5f80<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u968f\u673a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e14\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u539f\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u51b3\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


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\u524d\u8ff0\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u8111<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6f5c\u5728\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u5426<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u4e8e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u526f\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08<\/span><\/span><\/span>E<\/span><\/span><\/span>piphenomena<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd0\u884c\u6beb<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u529f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6548<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u7279\u5f81<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5c5e\u6027\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u679c\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6216\u529f\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u600e\u6837\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u8d4b\u4e88\u9002\u5e94\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u90a3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\u672c\u8eab<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u884c\u4e3a\u4f18\u52bf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b\u8d4b\u4e88\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e0\u9700<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8bc9\u8bf8\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0e\u5176\u7269\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u8d28\u4e4b\u95f4\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5ba2\u89c2\u6865\u63a5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u7406\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u201c\u8574\u542b\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7528\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u4f53\u9a8c\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u7279\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span>5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>5 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u4e0e\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u8d28\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5ba2\u89c2<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6548\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u5fc5\u7136\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u5173\u7cfb\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5927\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff08\u5982\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5c40\u57df\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7528\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6545\u53ef\u4ece\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u201c\u6d88\u9664\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u6a21\u578b\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u5982\u4f55\u6f14\u5316\u53ca\u4f55\u4ee5\u201c\u6709\u7528\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u52a0\u5165\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u4f55<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u5173\u8054\u5927\u89c4\u6a21<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f53\u9a8c\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u4ed6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u82e5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5047\u8bbe\u5177\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\uff08\u6574\u4f53\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u5173\u8054\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f53\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e26\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6307\u5bfc\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u884c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6548\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u91cf\u5b50\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u7269\u7406\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7406\u89e3<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9884\u6d4b\u54ea\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4f34\u968f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b64\u7c7b\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4f55\u4ee5\u8d4b\u4e88\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4f18\u52bf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u786e\u5b9e\u5177\u5907\u72ec\u7279\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u975e\u76f8\u5e72\u6001\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6548\u5e94\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7269\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u975e\u526f\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5176\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u56e0\u679c\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

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<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
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\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u7269\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u52a0\u4e0a\u534f\u8c03\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u7684\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>\uff08\u5fc3\u7269\u6865\u63a5\u6cd5\u5219\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u5c42\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898<\/span>\uff08Chalmers\uff0c1997\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u8be5\u5fc3\u7269\u6865\u63a5\u6cd5\u5219\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u8c03\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9762\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u9762\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u77ac\u95f4\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5fc3\u7269\u6865\u63a5\u6cd5\u5219\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u7ec4\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u526f\u73b0\u8c61\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u8bda<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8a00\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u5047\u8bf4\u5e38\u88ab\u5632\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e24\u79cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u795e\u79d8\u96be\u89e3\u7684\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b49\u540c\u4ece\u800c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u4e92\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u5173\u8054<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u7269\u7406\u65e0\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6211\u4eec<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6240<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f46\u8fd9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5e76\u4e0d\u8bc1\u660e\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5c31\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7b54\u6848<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u53ea\u662f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u6070<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u597d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5177\u5907\u7ecf\u5178\u7269\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cd\u8981<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ea6\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6709<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56e0\u679c\u6548\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3001\u672c\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8bba\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3001\u5ba2\u89c2\u6574\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u672a\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u9700\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7206\u53d1\u6027\u589e\u957f\u7684\u795e\u7ecf<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u548c\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\u7b49<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8bc1\u636e\u76f8\u5bf9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u7ec6\u8282<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ecd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8111\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ea0\u7f20\u7b49<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u8c61<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f55<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u786e\u5207<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5730<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6548\u5e94<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u795e\u7ecf\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5173\u8054<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5176\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u610f\u8bc6\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c1c\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>Michael C Wiest <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5728\u6587\u4e2d<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u652f\u6301<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>Or<\/span><\/span><\/span>ch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u91cf\u5b50\u610f\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u5173<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8bc1\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u68b3\u7406\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6cdb\u539f\u5fc3\u8bba <\/span><\/span><\/span>Or<\/span><\/span><\/span>ch<\/span><\/span><\/span> OR <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u54f2\u5b66<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u601d\u60f3\u8109\u7edc<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u96be\u9898\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u5931\u914d\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u548c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u521d\u6b65\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u5411<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u672a\u6765\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u65b0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8d77\u70b9<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

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https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nc\/article\/2025\/1\/niaf011\/8127081?login=false<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


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\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a<\/span><\/strong>
<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


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<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/span><\/section>\n
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<\/span><\/p>\n


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4. <\/span>\u6d8c\u73b0\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f | \u65b0\u8bfe\u4e0a\u7ebf<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span>
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<\/strong>5. <\/span><\/strong>\u96c6\u667a\u5b66\u56ed\u7cbe\u54c1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u514d\u8d39\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u89e3\u9501\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e AI \u65b0\u4e16\u754c<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n

6. \u9ad8\u8003\u5206\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u5f20\u5165\u573a\u5238\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u5192\u9669\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u542f\u822a\uff01<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

7.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u524d\u6cbf\u5341\u8bb2\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587\u201d\uff0c\u62a5\u540d\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a <\/span><\/span><\/section>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5bfc\u8bed \u5f53\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u5438\u5165\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5931\u53bb\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\u6709\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\u54c8\u6885\u7f57\u592b\uff08Stuart Hameroff\uff09\u548c\u5f6d\u7f57\u65af\uff08Roger Penrose\uff09\u5728 1996 \u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u534f\u8c03\u5ba2\u89c2\u574d\u7f29\uff08Orch OR\uff09\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u6e90\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u5fae\u7ba1\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728 Neuroscience of Consc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":63544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"special":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63549"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63549"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63549\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/63544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63549"},{"taxonomy":"special","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fspecial&post=63549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}