{"id":64290,"date":"2025-09-07T18:47:27","date_gmt":"2025-09-07T10:47:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=64290"},"modified":"2025-09-07T18:47:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-07T10:47:27","slug":"%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e6%99%ba%e8%83%bd%e4%bd%93%ef%bc%9a%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8b%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e8%bf%9b%e5%8c%96%e6%96%b9%e5%90%91%ef%bc%9f-%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=64290","title":{"rendered":"\u610f\u8bc6\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff1a\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u5316\u65b9\u5411\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u8ba1\u7b97\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7efc\u8ff0II"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/strong>\u673a\u5668\u5177\u5907\u610f\u8bc6\u5417\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u5bf9AI\u610f\u8bc6\uff08AI consciousness\uff09\u8fdb\u2f8f\u4e86\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5907\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caAI\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u548c\u5145\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8bd1\u81ea\u300aSurvey of Consciousness Theory from Computational Perspective\u2014\u2014At the Dawn of Artificial General Intelligence\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u7684\u7b2c10\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


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\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/span>\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5177\u8eab\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\uff0cAGI<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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Zihan Ding,  Xiaoxi Wei, Yidan Xu\u4e28\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span>
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\u8463\u4f73\u9633\u3001\u8881\u51b0\uff0c\u738b\u5fd7\u9e4f\uff0c\u5218\u51ef\u5a01\uff0c\u6768\u660e\u54f2\u4e28\u8bd1\u8005<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u578b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd<\/span>\uff08AI\uff09<\/span>\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff0cAI \u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709 AI \u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0cAGI<\/span>\uff08\u901a\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff09<\/span>\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u667a\u529b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6700\u5f3a\u8005\u3002AGI\u8981\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u672c\u8282\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5177\u8eab\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7b49\u3002\u878d\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u610f\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba LLM\u3002\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u610f\u8bc6\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u56fe 1\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5706\u5708\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5219\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u3002AGI \u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u662f\u6700\u5f3a\u7684 AI \u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5efa\u6a21\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u63d0\u5347\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a AGI \u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

LLMs \u662f\u6307\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5927\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u5efa\u7acb\u7684 LLM \u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u50f5\u5c38<\/span>[Chalmers, 1997]<\/span>\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u8457\u540d\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0cLLM \u751f\u6210\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u975e\u5e38\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1 LLMs \u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u50cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458<\/span>[Ma et al., 2023]<\/span>\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7f38\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8111<\/span>\uff08BiV\uff09[Putnam \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c1981]<\/span>\u3002\u5c06\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08LLM\uff09<\/span>\u4e0e \u7f38\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8111<\/span>\uff08BiV\uff09<\/span>\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u56fa\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u5728\u7f38\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8111\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4ece\u8eab\u4f53\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u53f0\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002\u5927\u8111\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 LLMs \u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u8131\u8282\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u6d77\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u5e94\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1aLLM \u548c\u7f38\u4e2d\u4e4b\u8111\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u8111\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u7b26\u53f7<\/span>\uff08\u5355\u8bcd\uff09<\/span>\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u662f\u5176\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d77\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\u8ba1\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u73b0\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\u662f LLMs \u7684\u4e00\u5927\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u5916\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e92\u52a8\u6709\u7740\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u4f7f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u4ee3\u4ee3\u76f8\u4f20\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728 LLM \u4e2d\u5374\u7f3a\u5c11\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u5947\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u521d\u884c\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e92\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4f34\u968f\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u901a\u5f80\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u901a\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cDavid Chalmers \u57282022\u5e7411\u670828\u65e5\u7684NeurIPS\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u662f \u201c\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f\u201d<\/span>[Chalmers, 2023]<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d1\u751f\u5728OpenAI \u53d1\u5e03\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 LLM ChatGPT<\/span>\uff082022 \u5e74 11 \u6708 30 \u65e5\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4e24\u65e5\u524d\u3002\u6234\u7ef4\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684 LLM \u6709\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u662f\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684<\/span>\uff08<10%\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u5728 ChatGPT \u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684 GPT-4<\/span> [OpenAI, 2023] <\/span>\u53d1\u5e03\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u51e0\u7387\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6709\u5173\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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    \u5f53\u524d\u7684 LLM \u662f\u5426\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u8bc1\u636e\u6216\u652f\u6301\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5229\u7528 transformer \u67b6\u6784\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6ce8\u610f\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684 LLM \u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u884c\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584<\/span>[Madaan et al., 2023]<\/span>\u662f\u6307 LLM \u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u4ea7\u51fa\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u53cd\u9988\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u8fdb\u6765\u5b8c\u5584\u5176\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u53cd\u601d<\/span>\uff08Reflexion\uff09[Shinn et al., 2023] <\/span>\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u601d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u8fdb<\/span>[Huanget al., 2022]<\/span>\u5219\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cLLM\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u63d0\u793a\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u591a\u6570\u8868\u51b3\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u95ee\u9898\u751f\u6210\u9ad8\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91ca<\/span>[Elton, 2020]<\/span>\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6784\u5efa AGI \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u6c42\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u9884\u6d4b\u8f93\u51fa\u53ca\u5176\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6709\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u5bf9\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002\u5982\u56fe 1 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6f5c\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


    <\/span><\/h2>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n

    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n
    \n
    <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
    \n

    2. \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    <\/span><\/section>\n

    <\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


    <\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08LLM\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u9886\u57df\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528 Transformer \u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u7d20\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u8fde\u8d2f\u4e14\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7b49\u5404\u79cd NLP \u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528 Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u4eba\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7248\u672c\u7684 LLM \u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u50cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f53\u524d LLM \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba8\u8bba\u673a\u5668\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4eba\u5de5<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08Transformer\uff09\u6ce8\u610f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e0a\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u6ce8\u610f<\/span>\uff08artificial attention\uff09<\/span>\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5373 Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u673a\u5236\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672c\u6587<\/span>\uff08\u4ece\u7b2c 2 \u8282\u5230\u7b2c 4 \u8282\uff09<\/span>\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f<\/span>\uff08biological attention\uff09<\/span>\u673a\u5236\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6ce8\u610f\u56fe\u5f0f\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08AST\uff0c\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u56fe\u7075\u673a<\/span>\uff08CTM\uff0c\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Global Workspace Theory, GWT\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0e\u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8054\u7cfb<\/span>[Lindsay, 2020]<\/span>\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08AST\u3001CTM\u3001GWT\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u673a\u5236\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u611f\u77e5\u6ce8\u610f<\/span>\uff08Sensory attention\uff09<\/span>\uff1a\u662f\u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u89c6\u89c9\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u7279\u5b9a\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u5176\u4ed6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u8868\u88ab\u5173\u6ce8\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ce8\u610f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65e2\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u540c\u8111\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f3d\u739b\u6ce2\u6bb5\u7684\u5c16\u5cf0\u76f8\u5e72\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u5c04\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u4e0b\u6e38\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8fd8\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u534f\u8c03\u4e0d\u540c\u8111\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u88ab\u6ce8\u610f\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5728 V1<\/span>\uff08\u521d\u7ea7\u89c6\u89c9\u76ae\u5c42\uff09<\/span>\u548c V4<\/span>\uff08\u89c6\u89c9\u76ae\u5c42\u4e2d\u8d1f\u8d23\u7269\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u989c\u8272\u5904\u7406\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u533a\u57df\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u76ae\u5c42\u4e0b\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u4e18\u548c\u8109\u7edc\u819c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u611f\u89c9\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u9690\u853d\u548c\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u8282\u76ae\u5c42\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff1a \u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u53d7\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u65b0\u5947\u3001\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u6216\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4f1a\u5438\u5f15\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u989e\u4e0b\u90e8\u548c\u8110\u5468\u76ae\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u719f\u6089\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53d1\u51fa\u65b0\u5947\u89c6\u89c9\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8003\u8651\u65b0\u5947\u6027\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u89e3\u51b3\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a \u5927\u8111\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u6ce8\u610f\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u5524\u9192\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u6ce8\u610f\u548c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u89c6\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u56de\u8def\u5c06\u795e\u7ecf\u8c03\u8282\u8f93\u5165\u4e0e\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6c34\u5e73\u8fde\u63a5\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8d62\u8005\u901a\u5403\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u5956\u52b1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0e\u5956\u8d4f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5438\u5f15\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u751f\u7269\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1a \u5206\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u800c\u975e\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u95ea\u70c1\u6307\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u51fa\u73b0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9519\u8fc7\u4e86\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4eba\u5de5\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u6982\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/span>\uff08NLP\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff1a \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0cNLP \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5728\u4eba\u5de5\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5373\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u51b3\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u5411\u91cf\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u5408\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u80fd\u4ece\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u5e8f\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u8bba\u6587\u300a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u300b<\/span>\uff08Attention is All You Need\uff09[Vaswani et al., 2017]<\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cTransformer \u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u6ce8\u610f\u201d\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5173\u952e\u8868\u5f81\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u91cd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5355\u8bcd\u7f16\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u7f29\u653e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u5c42\u3002Transformer \u67b6\u6784\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9012\u5f52\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6210\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n