{"id":64506,"date":"2025-09-15T16:44:17","date_gmt":"2025-09-15T08:44:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=64506"},"modified":"2025-09-15T16:44:17","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T08:44:17","slug":"%e5%ae%8c%e7%be%8e%e7%9a%84%e5%9c%88-%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e4%b8%bb%e5%8a%a8%e6%8e%a8%e7%90%86%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%80%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swarma.org\/?p=64506","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5708\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7edf\u4e00\u7406\u8bba"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n

\u5bfc\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/strong>\u610f\u8bc6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5168\u5c40\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5f53\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1b\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\uff1b\u9ad8\u9636\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u8bba\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5927\u8111\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u9636\u8868\u5f81\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c…\u672c\u6587\u5219\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0e\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u201c\u901a\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00\u6846\u67b6\u201d\u3002\u9080\u8bf7\u4f60\u8ddf\u968f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5230\u7b5b\u9009\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u611f\u53d7\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5426\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u81ea\u6307\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u601d\u8003 \u201cA beautiful loop\u201d \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3aAI\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5224\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u81ea\u6307\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

Ruben Laukkonen, Karl Friston\u7b49\u4e28\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d75\u601d\u6021\u4e28\u8bd1\u8005<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5468<\/span>\u8389<\/span>\u4e28<\/span>\u5ba1\u6821<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n

\u63a8\u8350\u8bed<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\uff1f\u8fd9\u6050\u6015\u662f\u7ee7\u667a\u80fd\u4e4b\u540e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8c1c\u56e2\u3002\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u9ad8\u9636\u8868\u8bc1\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\uff0c\u4f46\u663e\u7136\u5c1a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u5708\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u6211\u7684\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u6307\u662f\u6784\u6210\u751f\u547d\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u610f\u8bc6\u5219\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6a21\u62df\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6a21\u62df\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u751a\u81f3Quine\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u88ab\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c42\u5c42\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u641e\u6655\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u59a8\u89c2\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u96c6\u667a\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u65e9\u5728\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u73a9\u513f\u8fc7\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u89c6\u9891\u2014\u2014\u6444\u50cf\u673a-\u5c4f\u5e55\u81ea\u6307\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c42\u5c42\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u6700\u597d\u8be0\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u6c5f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6444\u50cf\u673a-\u5c4f\u5e55\u81ea\u6307\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/section>\n
\n

\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\uff1aA beautiful loop: An active inference theory of consciousness<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1ahttps:\/\/osf.io\/preprints\/psyarxiv\/daf5n_v2<\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bbf\u8c08\uff1ahttps:\/\/rubenlaukkonen.substack.com\/p\/a-beautiful-loop<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u4e00\u3001\u524d\u8a00<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u582a\u79f0\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6700\u987d\u56fa\u7684\u8c1c\u56e2\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u6d4b\u91cf\u5927\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u7761\u7720\u3001\u51a5\u60f3\u3001\u5e7b\u89c9\u7b49\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5374\u59cb\u7ec8\u96be\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u201c\u4e3a\u4f55\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u201d<\/span>\uff08Chalmers, 1995\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5168\u5c40\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Global Neuronal Workspace Theory, GNWT\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Recurrent Processing Theory\uff0cRPT\uff09<\/span>\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u7406\u8bba<\/span>\uff08Integrated Information Theory, IIT\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8bf4\u5404\u6709\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u4f46\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5c1a\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cLaukkonen\u7b49\u4eba2024\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300aA beautiful loop: An active inference theory of consciousness\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u9012\u8fdb\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span>\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\uff08\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09\u4e0e\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08\u8d85\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u660e\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c<\/span><\/span>A Beautiful Loop<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u81ea\u6307\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u6a21\u62df\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A beautiful loop<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u5728\u8ba9\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u5177\u5907\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u8d44\u683c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u7761\u7720\u3001\u51a5\u60f3\u548c\u8ff7\u5e7b\u4f53\u9a8c\u7b49\u610f\u8bc6\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u6709\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n
\n
<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u201c\u9e3f\u6c9f\u201d\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

<\/span><\/section>\n

<\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8981\u7406\u89e3<\/span><\/span> A Beautiful Loop<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u5148\u5398\u6e05\u4e24\u5927\u80cc\u666f\uff1a\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96be\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u4e14\u73b0\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u96be\u4ee5\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u903b\u8f91\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u9009\u62e9\u201d \u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u6709\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982 \u201c\u53cc\u773c\u7ade\u4e89\u201d \u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de6\u773c\u63a5\u6536 \u201c\u4eba\u8138\u201d \u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u53f3\u773c\u63a5\u6536 \u201c\u623f\u5b50\u201d \u56fe\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4e0d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u611f\u77e5\u4e24\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u77e5\u89c9\u95f4\u5207\u6362<\/span> (Breese, 1909\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u518d\u6bd4\u5982 \u201c\u65e0\u610f\u89c6\u76f2\u201d \u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8ba1\u6570\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684 \u201c\u5927\u7329\u7329\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6697\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd \u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236\u201d<\/span>\uff08Mack, 2003; Kouider & Dehaene, 2007)<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u524d\u7406\u8bba\u8981\u4e48\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e \u201c\u5168\u5c40\u5e7f\u64ad\u201d<\/span>\uff08GNWT\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e \u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u5ea6\u201d<\/span>\uff08IIT\uff09(Rosenthal, 2000, Seth & Bayne, 2022; Carruthers, 2017; Tononi, 2008; Baars, 2005)<\/span>\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u8ba1\u7b97\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u201c\u4e3b\u89c2\u89c9\u77e5\u201d \u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ecd\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca \u201c\u4e3a\u4f55\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u2018\u77e5\u9053\u2019\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u684c\u4e0a\u7684\u5496\u5561\u676f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230 \u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u770b\u5496\u5561\u676f\u201d\uff1b\u51a5\u60f3\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u547c\u5438\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u89c9\u77e5 \u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u611f\u53d7\u547c\u5438\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u5143\u89c9\u77e5\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u6216 \u201c\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u89c9\u77e5\u201d\uff0cnon-locally knowing\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u4f20\u7edf\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4ec5\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u8054\u201d \u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u5728\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u663e\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u63ed\u793a\u6709\u5173\u610f\u8bc6\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u610f\u8bc6\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u5173\u8054\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u6ce2\u52a8 <\/span>(Koch et al., 2016; Frith, 2021)<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u6709\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u788e\u7247\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8bc6\u73b0\u8c61<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u7761\u7720\u3001\u51a5\u60f3\u3001\u8ff7\u5e7b\u4f53\u9a8c\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa<\/span><\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5373\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u6216\u9884\u6d4b\u52a0\u5de5\uff09<\/span>\u4e3a\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u9002\u5408\u5176\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6216\u63cf\u8ff0 <\/span>(Friston, 2010;Clark, 2013; Hohwy,2013;Seth & Tsakiris, 2018)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    2. \u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\u5230\u201c\u751f\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

    \u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u662f <\/span><\/span>A Beautiful Loop <\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u6e90\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u5982\u4fdd\u6301\u4f53\u6e29\u3001\u89c4\u907f\u5371\u9669\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08\u5373\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\uff08\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e0e\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u4e4b\u5dee\uff09\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u5c42\u7ea7\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u7f16\u7801\u5177\u4f53\u611f\u5b98\u7279\u5f81<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5496\u5561\u676f\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u89e6\u611f\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4e2d\u5c42\u7ea7\u6574\u5408\u4e3a \u201c\u7269\u4f53\u5c5e\u6027\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u53ef\u63e1\u6301\u3001\u88c5\u6db2\u4f53\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u5219\u62bd\u8c61\u51fa\u957f\u671f\u89c4\u5f8b<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u4f1a\u88ab\u6e05\u6d17\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u79cd\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u5168\u5c40\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u516c\u53f8\u91cc\u57fa\u5c42\u5458\u5de5\u5904\u7406\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u4e2d\u5c42\u4e3b\u7ba1\u534f\u8c03\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001CEO \u5236\u5b9a\u957f\u671f\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u7cbe\u5ea6\u52a0\u6743\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5e76\u975e\u5747\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 \u201c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u8c03\u63a7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f3a\u5149\u7a81\u7136\u7167\u5c04\u65f6\uff0c\u89c6\u89c9\u8bef\u5dee\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5149\u7ebf\u53d8\u5316\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u800c\u8fdc\u5904\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u9e23\u7b1b\u58f0\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u6a21\u578b\u5ffd\u7565 \u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8c03\u63a7\u201d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f \u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236\u201d \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f \u201c\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u201d \u7684<\/span><\/span>\u7a33\u6001\uff08homeostasis\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u66f4\u662f \u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u9002\u5e94\u201d \u7684<\/span><\/span>\u5f02\u6001\u7a33\u6001\uff08allostasis\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u96e8\u4f1e<\/span>\uff08\u4e3b\u52a8\u884c\u52a8\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5230\u4e0b\u96e8\u624d\u8eb2\u96e8<\/span>\uff08\u88ab\u52a8\u5e94\u5bf9\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u9884\u6d4b\u201d \u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u4e86 \u201c\u5168\u5c40\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\u201d \u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684 \u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u201d \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4f46\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7f3a\u53e3\uff1a\u5b83\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca \u201c\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54 \u201c\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e3b\u89c2\u89c9\u77e5\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u800c <\/span><\/span>A Beautiful Loop<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u586b\u8865\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f3a\u53e3\u800c\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u79cd\u5c42\u7ea7\u6027\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u5168\u5c40\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u6216\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7b80\u5316\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\uff09<\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u89c6\u89d2\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u80fd\u52a8\u6027\u5e76\u975e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5148\u51b3\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6216\u201c\u6536\u7f29\u201d\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8981\u4ee5\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u89c9\u77e5\u6df1\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u5728\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u5efa\u6a21\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u8d85\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


      <\/span><\/h2>\n

      \n
      \n
      \n
      \n
      \n

      <\/span><\/section>\n

      <\/span><\/section>\n
      \n
      <\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n
      \n

      \u4e09\u3001\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n

      <\/span><\/section>\n

      <\/span><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/h3>\n


      <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u9012\u8fdb\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u72b6\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u8ba4\u77e5\u573a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u88ab\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u201c\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\u6216\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u63a8\u7406\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u5b83\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u89e3\u51b3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u573a\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u9012\u5f52\u6027\u4e14\u5e7f\u6cdb<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u6df1\u5165\u5730\uff09<\/span>\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08\u5373\u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u660e\uff09\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5373\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u9012\u5f52\u5faa\u73af\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u7684\u89c9\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        \u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\uff1a\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b \u2014\u2014 \u610f\u8bc6\u7684 \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u5bb9\u5668\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8981\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6a21\u62df\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u51b5\u624d\u80fd\u8d70\u7a33\u3001\u4f30\u7b97\u7403\u8def\u624d\u80fd\u63a5\u4f4f\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u4e49\u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u8bdd\u2014\u2014\u8fde\u884c\u8d70\u3001\u63a5\u7269\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u59cb\u7ec8\u8fde\u8d2f\u4e14\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u65e2\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u7b49\u5177\u8c61\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7b49\u4e3b\u89c2\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5bf9\u4eba\u4e0e\u7269\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u628a\u63e1\u548c\u9884\u5224\u3002\u66f4\u7279\u522b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e3b\u52a8\u89c9\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u2014\u2014\u63a5\u7403\u65f6\u611f\u53d7\u638c\u529b\u3001\u8e29\u8349\u65f6\u5bdf\u89c9\u89e6\u611f\u3001\u62e5\u62b1\u65f6\u4f53\u4f1a\u6e29\u6696\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6709\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u751f\u6d3b\u73b0\u5b9e\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e16\u754c\u201d\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span>\u751f\u6210\u6027\u73b0\u8c61\u7edf\u4e00\u4e16\u754c\u6a21\u578b\uff08generative phenomenal unified world model\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u800c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u3001\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684<\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5373<\/span><\/span>\u8ba4\u77e5\u57df\uff08epistemic field\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u2014\u2014 \u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u96f6\u6563\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u788e\u7247\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684 \u201c\u7edf\u4e00\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u88ab\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u3001\u63a2\u7a76\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u573a\u6240<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u611f\u89c9\u6d41\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u88ab\u8ba4\u77e5\u6216\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u751f\u6210\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684 \u201c\u88ab\u52a8\u590d\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230 \u201c\u534a\u6d78\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u7b77\u5b50\u53d8\u5f2f\u201d \u65f6\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408 \u201c\u5149\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u201d \u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u751f\u6210 \u201c\u7b77\u5b50\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u76f4\u7684\u201d \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u4fe1\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u73b0\u8c61\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u80fd\u88ab\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c \u2014\u2014 \u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd \u201c\u62e5\u6709\u201d \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd \u201c\u611f\u53d7\u201d \u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5496\u5561\u676f\u7684\u6e29\u70ed\u3001\u547c\u5438\u7684\u8d77\u4f0f\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u7edf\u4e00\u6027<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u80fd\u5c06\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u201d \u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u7684 \u201c\u767d\u8272\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5706\u67f1\u5f62\u201d\u3001\u201c\u786c\u8d28\u611f\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86 \u201c\u53ef\u63e1\u6301\u201d\u201c\u88c5\u7740\u70ed\u5496\u5561\u201d\u201c\u653e\u5728\u4e66\u684c\u5de6\u4fa7\u201d \u7b49\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u542b \u201c\u6211\u521a\u51b2\u597d\u8fd9\u676f\u5496\u5561\u201d \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          <\/section>\n

          \u56fe 1\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u795e\u7ecf\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u5f25\u5408\u89e3\u91ca\u9e3f\u6c9f\u3002\u6b64\u56fe\u5de6\u4fa7\u4ee3\u8868 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3b\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\u201d\uff08\u5982\u51a5\u60f3\u65f6\u7684\u89c9\u77e5\uff09\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u4ee3\u8868 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5236\u201d\uff08\u5982\u8111\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684 \u201c\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u5706\u9525\u4f53\u201d \u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u5706\u9525\u4f53\u4ece\u4f4e\u5c42\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5982\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u3001\u5185\u810f\u611f\u89c9\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 \u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u9884\u671f – \u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u8bef\u5dee\u201d \u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u9ad8\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u6211\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u610f\u56fe\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u5404\u5c42\u7ea7\u90fd\u5b58\u5728 \u201c\u7279\u5f81\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u4ece\u4f4e\u5c42\u7684 \u201c\u989c\u8272 + \u5f62\u72b6\u201d \u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u5230\u9ad8\u5c42\u7684 \u201c\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c<\/span><\/span>\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u7684 \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u8fb9\u754c\u201d\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u80fd\u88ab\u6574\u5408\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5929\u7136\u5177\u5907\u6784\u5efa\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u2014\u2014 \u56e0\u4e3a\u82e5\u6a21\u578b\u788e\u7247\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06 \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u7684\u989c\u8272\u201d \u4e0e \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u7684\u7528\u9014\u201d \u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316<\/span>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 \u201c\u8fd9\u676f\u5496\u5561\u4f1a\u53d8\u51c9\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u559d\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u96be\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

          \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a \u201c\u53ef\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u6d41\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5173\u6ce8\u5496\u5561\u676f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u79fb\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5230\u7a97\u5916\u7684\u9e1f\u9e23 \u2014\u2014 \u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 \u201c\u5bb9\u5668\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u51a5\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u5f00\u653e\u89c9\u77e5\u201d \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u8ba4\u77e5\u9886\u57df\u4fdd\u6301 \u201c\u7a7a\u800c\u8fde\u8d2f\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u7279\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9\u5360\u636e\uff0c\u5374\u59cb\u7ec8\u7ef4\u6301\u5168\u5c40\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n

            \u6761\u4ef6\u4e8c\uff1a\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0e\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a \u2014\u2014 \u610f\u8bc6\u7684 \u201c\u7b5b\u9009\u95e8\u69db\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u6709\u4e86 \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u5bb9\u5668\u201d\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u51b3 \u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u5bb9\u5668\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\uff08inferential competition\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u7b5b\u9009\u6807\u51c6\u662f<\/span><\/span>\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08Bayesian binding\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u8bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\uff08\u5373\u89e3\u51b3\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u9700\u9760\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u884c\u52a8\u7ef4\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5185\u7a33\u6001<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4f53\u6e29\u5931\u8861\u65f6\u51fa\u6c57\/\u5bd2\u6218\u8c03\u8282\uff09<\/span>\u662f\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4f53\u6e29\u7684\u504f\u5dee\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d8b\u5411\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u5c5e\u7c7b<\/span>\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u7269\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6052\u6e29\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u5b9c\u5c45\u72b6\u6001\u542b36-37\u2103\u4f53\u6e29\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u8840\u7cd6\u7b49\uff09<\/span>\u522b\u6240\u6301\u6709\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u4f18\u7684\u3001\u5b9c\u5c45\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e8\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6216\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8ba4\u77e5\u9886\u57df\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u201c\u4ee4\u4eba\u610f\u5916\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u800c\u610f\u8bc6\u4eff\u4f5b\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5f77\u4f5b\u5927\u8111\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u4e14\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7<\/span><\/span>\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e00<\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u6216\u8ba4\u77e5\u57df\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u89c9\u6210\u56e0\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a \u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 \u201c\u80fd\u8fde\u8d2f\u51cf\u5c11\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u201d \u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u88ab\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d \u2014\u2014 \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

            \u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u62c6\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u591a\u5047\u8bbe\u7ade\u4e89<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u9762\u5bf9\u6a21\u7cca\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u542c\u5230\u8eab\u540e\u4f20\u6765 \u201c\u6c99\u6c99\u58f0\u201d \u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u751f\u6210 \u201c\u662f\u98ce\u5439\u6811\u53f6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u662f\u5ba0\u7269\u8def\u8fc7\u201d\u3001\u201c\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u8d70\u52a8\u201d \u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\u7b5b\u9009<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u80fd\u83b7\u80dc\uff1a\u2460 \u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u517c\u5bb9<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u98ce\u5439\u6811\u53f6\u201d \u7b26\u5408 \u201c\u7a97\u5916\u6709\u6811\u3001\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u98ce\u201d \u7684\u5148\u9a8c\u8ba4\u77e5\uff09<\/span>\uff1b\u2461 \u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u98ce\u5439\u6811\u53f6\u201d \u53ef\u88ab\u540e\u7eed \u201c\u6811\u53f6\u6643\u52a8\u201d \u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c \u201c\u6709\u4eba\u8d70\u52a8\u201d \u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9884\u6599\u4e4b\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u201d \u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f \u201c\u5185\u5bb9\u7b5b\u9009\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178 \u201c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u201d<\/span>\uff08Treisman, 1996\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014 \u5373 \u201c\u5927\u8111\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5206\u6563\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u7279\u5f81\u6574\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5c06 \u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u5706\u5f62\u3001\u751c\u9999\u201d \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e3a \u201c\u82f9\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5355\u72ec\u611f\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a \u201c\u82f9\u679c\u201d \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\u80fd\u6700\u8fde\u8d2f\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4e14\u51cf\u5c11\u672a\u6765\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u201c\u82f9\u679c\u53ef\u98df\u7528\u201d\u201c\u82f9\u679c\u80fd\u89e3\u6e34\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7528 \u201c\u53cc\u773c\u7ade\u4e89\u201d \u5b9e\u9a8c\u751f\u52a8\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5de6\u773c\u7684 \u201c\u4eba\u8138\u201d \u548c\u53f3\u773c\u7684 \u201c\u623f\u5b50\u201d \u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u77db\u76fe\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u4e0e \u201c\u540c\u4e00\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u201d \u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u95f4\u5207\u6362 \u2014\u2014 \u6bcf\u6b21\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u90fd\u662f \u201c\u66f4\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u83b7\u80dc\u201d \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u518d\u6bd4\u5982 \u201c\u53cc\u8033\u5206\u542c\u201d \u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u611f\u77e5\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u542c\u6545\u4e8b\uff09<\/span>\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u566a\u97f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              <\/section>\n

              \u56fe2\uff1a\u6b64\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u8138\u611f\u77e5\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5608\u6742\u7684\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5148\u9a8c\u9884\u671f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u540e\u9a8c\u8868\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u5e76\u4e14<\/span><\/span>\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8fd8\u4e3a<\/span><\/span>\u5168\u5c40\u795e\u7ecf\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u8bba\uff08GNWT\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 Ignition<\/span>\uff08\u67d0\u4e00\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u4ece \u201c\u5c40\u90e8\u3001\u4e13\u95e8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u201d\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a \u201c\u5168\u8111\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6fc0\u6d3b\u201d\uff09<\/span>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/span><\/span>Ignition<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u201c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7ade\u4e89\u201d\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u8fde\u8d2f<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u6574\u5408\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u5355\u6a21\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u611f\u5b98\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7ed1\u5b9a\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7ecf\u9a8c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u7ea7\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u5148\u9a8c\u548c\u611f\u5b98\u8bc1\u636e\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u8fd1\u4f3c\u540e\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u77e5\u89c9\u5408\u6210\u6216\u7ec4\u5408\u654f\u611f\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5c42\u7ea7\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6216\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u548c\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c42\u9762\u5747\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd<\/span><\/span>\u5168\u5c40\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u8a00\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u4f46\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u540e\u9a8c\u901a\u8fc7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53cd\u5c04\u56de\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5206\u5e03\u56de\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7ea7\u800c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u89c9\u77e5\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u6216\u89c9\u77e5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u8fde\u7eed\u4f53<\/span>\uff08\u6216\u6df1\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09<\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u81ea\u6307<\/span><\/span>\u6df1\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              <\/section>\n

              \u56fe 3\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u6b64\u56fe\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684 \u201c\u5c42\u7ea7\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5706\u9525\u4f53\u201d \u4ee3\u8868\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u4f4e\u5c42\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u9ad8\u5c42\u62bd\u8c61\u63a8\u7406\uff1b\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684 \u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u4e91\u201d \u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u5408\u540e\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u77e5\u89c9\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u3001\u610f\u56fe\u7b49\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e \u201c\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\u201d\uff1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u4ee5 \u201c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u9884\u6d4b\u201d \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7ea7 \u2014\u2014 \u6bd4\u5982 \u201c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u51a5\u60f3\u201d \u7684\u5168\u5c40\u89c9\u77e5\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8c03 \u201c\u5916\u90e8\u566a\u97f3\u201d \u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5ffd\u7565\u5e72\u6270\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0a\u8c03 \u201c\u547c\u5438\u611f\u89c9\u201d \u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e13\u6ce8\u547c\u5438\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9012\u5f52\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u4e8c\u5143\u8bba\u201d \u7684 \u201c\u7075\u9b42\u53cd\u9988\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907 \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u636e\u5316\u201d\uff08self-evidencing\uff09\u7684\u80fd\u529b \u2014\u2014 \u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u8eab\u8f93\u51fa\u9a8c\u8bc1\u81ea\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              3. \u6761\u4ef6\u4e09\uff1a\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8d85\u5efa\u6a21\u2014\u2014\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u201c\u89c9\u77e5\u6838\u5fc3\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

              \u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u89c9\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u201d\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e<\/span><\/span>\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u57df\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u9012\u5f52\u6027\u4e14\u5e7f\u6cdb<\/span>\uff08\u5373\u6df1\u5165\u5730\uff09<\/span>\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

              \uff081\uff09\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u636e\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

              \u201c\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u201d\u6307\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/span>\u88ab\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u50cf\u201c\u58f0\u53cd\u9988\u201d\uff1a\u626c\u58f0\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u58f0\u97f3<\/span>\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff09<\/span>\u88ab\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u91cd\u65b0\u63a5\u6536<\/span>\uff08\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f93\u5165\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span>\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76d1\u63a7\u8be5\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u8bed\u5883<\/span>\uff08\u8f93\u5165\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u201c\u5faa\u73af\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u9988\u201d \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 \u201c\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u77e5\u9053\u201d \u7684\u89c9\u77e5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

              \u5728\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n

                \u751f\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u5408\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u770b\u5496\u5561\u676f\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              2. \n

                \u9012\u5f52\u5e7f\u64ad\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a \u201c\u65b0\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u9988\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7ea7 \u2014\u2014 \u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u8c03\u6574\u611f\u5b98\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/span>\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u8c03 \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u989c\u8272\u201d \u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b83\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u9884\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u770b\u5496\u5561\u676f\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u2018\u60f3\u559d\u5496\u5561\u2019\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u201d\uff09<\/span>\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              3. \n

                \u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u636e\u5316\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u53cd\u9988\u90fd\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1 \u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u6bd4\u5982\u4f38\u624b\u89e6\u6478\u5496\u5561\u676f\uff0c\u89e6\u89c9\u8f93\u5165\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u786e\u8ba4 \u201c\u5496\u5561\u676f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u201d\uff0c\u800c \u201c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u89e6\u6478\u5496\u5561\u676f\u201d \u7684\u89c9\u77e5\uff0c\u53c8\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5316 \u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u201c\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5148\u9a8c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u63a8\u65ad\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u8fd9\u79cd\u9012\u5f52\u4e0d\u662f \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u201d<\/span>\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u6211\u662f\u8c01\u201d\u201c\u6211\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u91cc\u201d \u7684\u590d\u6742\u53cd\u601d\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd \u201c\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8bc1\u636e\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u9700\u5355\u72ec\u7684 \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u6a21\u5757\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u6301\u7eed \u201c\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51a5\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u6e05\u6670\u89c9\u77e5 \u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u5728\u89c9\u77e5\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                \u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u81ea\u8eab\u8f93\u51fa<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u53cd\u54fa\u81ea\u8eab\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f \u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u201d \u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a8\u6447\u7684\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u81ea\u6307\u7406\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684 \u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u8eab\u4fe1\u606f\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u5c5e\u6027\u201d \u9ad8\u5ea6\u5951\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                \uff082\uff09\u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\uff1a\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

                \u7f8e\u56fd\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Douglas Richard Hofstadter<\/span>\uff08\u4faf\u4e16\u8fbe\uff0c\u53c8\u540d\u4faf\u9053\u4ec1\uff09<\/span>\u5728\u300aI Am a Strange Loop\u300b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684 \u201c\u81ea\u6211\u5173\u8054\u95ed\u73af\u201d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f62\u6210 \u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u201d \u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u8d4b\u4e88\u5176\u4e3b\u89c2\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u800c <\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/strong>A Beautiful Loop<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5316\u843d\u5730\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 \u201c\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\u201d \u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u8d85\u6a21\u578b<\/span>\uff08hyper-model\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5728\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u7ec4 \u201c\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u201d\uff08\u03a6 = {\u03c6\u207d\u00b9\u207e, …, \u03c6\u207d\u1d38\u207e}\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a7\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684 \u201c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6743\u91cd\u201d \u4e0e \u201c\u63a8\u65ad\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u2014\u2014 \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 \u201c\u603b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5ba4\u201d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9012\u5f52\u5171\u4eab\u6709\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                <\/section>\n

                \u56fe 4\uff1a\u81ea\u6307\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u8c03\u63a7\u3002\u6b64\u56fe\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684 \u201c\u667a\u80fd\u73bb\u7483\u5c42\u201d \u4ee3\u8868\u5c42\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7684 \u201c\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u201d \u5bf9\u5e94\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u73bb\u7483\uff08\u5982\u53f3\u4fa7\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u7a7f\u7740\u886c\u886b\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u201d\uff09\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u8bc6\uff1b\u900f\u660e\u73bb\u7483\uff08\u5982\u5de6\u4fa7\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982 \u201c\u80cc\u666f\u566a\u97f3\u201d\uff09\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684 \u201c\u5168\u5c40\u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u201d \u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u53c2\u6570 \u03a6\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6240\u6709\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u51a5\u60f3\u65f6\uff0c\u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u8ba9 \u201c\u5185\u90e8\u89c9\u77e5\u5c42\u201d \u7684\u73bb\u7483\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u8ba9 \u201c\u5916\u90e8\u611f\u5b98\u5c42\u201d \u7684\u73bb\u7483\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0 \u201c\u4e13\u6ce8\u89c9\u77e5\u201d \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u63a7\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u7684 \u2014\u2014 \u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\u8c03\u6574\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8c03\u6574\u53c8\u4f1a\u4f18\u5316\u73b0\u5b9e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5f62\u6210 \u201cA Beautiful Loop\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

                \u8d85\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n